PPKU-IPB Nama:___________________________________

Bahasa Inggris Kelompok/NIM:_________/_________________

Dosen Responsi:__________________________

ENGLISH MID-TERM EXAM/SEMESTER 1/2018-2019

24 OCTOBER 2018
Answer sheet

1. A B C D 11. A B C D 21. A B C D 31. A B C D

2. A B C D 12. A B C D 22. A B C D 32. A B C D
3. A B C D 13. A B C D 23. A B C D 33. A B C D
4. A B C D 14. A B C D 24. A B C D 34. A B C D
5. A B C D 15. A B C D 25. A B C D 35. A B C D
6. A B C D 16. T F 26. A B C D 36. A B C
7. A B C D 17. T F (two 27. A B C D 37. A B C
8. A B C D 18. T F points 28. A B C D 38. A B C
9. A B C D 19. T F each) 29. A B C D 39. A B C
10. A B C D 20. T F 30. A B C D 40. A B C

41. A B C 56. T F 71. T F 81.___________________

42. A B C 57. T F 72. T F 82.___________________
43. A B C 58. T F 73. T F 83.___________________
44. A B C 59. T F 74. T F 84.___________________
45. A B C 60. T F 75. T F 85.___________________
46. A B C 61. T F 76. T F 86.___________________
47. A B C 62. T F 77. T F (two 87.___________________
48. A B C 63. T F 78. T F points 88.___________________
49. A B C 64. T F 79. T F each) 89.___________________
50. A B C 65. T F 80. T F 90.___________________
51. A B C 66. T F
52. A B C 67. T F
53. A B C 68. T F
54. A B C 69. T F
55. A B C 70. T F
PPKU-IPB Nama:____________________________________
Bahasa Inggris Kelompok/NIM:_________/__________________
Dosen Responsi:___________________________

ENGLISH MID-TERM EXAM/SEMESTER 1/2018-2019

24 OCTOBER 2018

Reading 1
The bill exempts banks with less than $250bn in assets from strict oversight under the Dodd-
Frank Act of 2010. The draft legislation was approved in a 67-31 vote and must now go through the
House of Representatives. The Dodd-Frank act was brought in with the aim of avoiding another
financial meltdown. Supporters of the 2010 act say it has made the financial system safer – forcing
5 large financial institutions to hold more money to use in the event of a financial shock, increasing
protections for consumers, and improving stress tests. Its opponents, including small to mid-sized
banks, community banks and other financial institutions, say the regulation has inhibited growth and
is overly complex.
The Senate vote delivers US President Donald Trump one of his most significant victories to
10 date. He made it a campaign promise to repeal the act and has called it "a disaster". The US
Chamber of Commerce said the vote for the bill proved that helping small businesses and boosting
economic goals was something Republicans and Democrats could get behind. "This legislation will
bring a long-awaited delay to Main Street businesses across America whose growth has been
prohibited in the post-crisis regulatory era," the chamber's chief executive, Thomas Donohue, said.
15 However, the bill has divided Democrats sharply. Some have supported it, while others -
notably Senator Elizabeth Warren, from Massachusetts - have strongly opposed repealing crisis-era
banking regulations. Ms. Warren has said it would weaken consumer protection and open the door
to risky behavior that banks want to pursue for higher profits. "The new bill puts American families
in danger of getting punched in the gut in another financial crisis," she said on Tuesday.
20 When the bill moves to the House, some Republicans are expected to ask for more provisions
to further ease restrictions on small lenders. "To expect that the House would have a desire to have
some fingerprints on this final product is more than reasonable," said Republican Bill Huizenga.
Any changes made to the bill in the House would need to go through the Senate again and further
Republican amendments could see Senate Democrats pull back on their support for it. The Dodd-
25 Frank act was named after the Congressmen who campaigned for the legislation.
Source: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-43409985
Choose the best answer to each question below. Cross (X) your choice on the answer sheet.
1. The topic of Paragraph 1 is _____.
A. The bill C. The financial system
B. The House of Representative D. The financial institution

2. The following phrases from Paragraph 1 have similar meaning, EXCEPT _____.
A. the bill B. the draft legislation C. the institution D. the regulation

3. The year when the Dodd-Frank Act was legalized is _____.

A. 2011 B. 2010 C. 2000 D. 2005

4. According to Paragraph 1, the true statement is _____.

A. It needs 60-35 vote to approve a draft legislation.
B. The purpose of the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 is to avoid another financial meltdown.
C. The Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 does not make the financial system safer.
D. The opponents of the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 think that the regulation is not overly complex.

5. The statements below are true about how the regulation makes the financial system safer, EXCEPT __.
A. By forcing large financial institutions to hold more money to use in the event of a financial shock
B. By increasing protections for consumers
C. By improving stress tests
D. By reducing a financial shock
1
 6. The part of speech of the word ‘oversight’ in line 1 is a/an _____.
A. verb B. adverb C. noun D. adjective

7. The supporters of the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 are _____.

A. small banks B. big-sized banks C. community banks D. mid-sized banks

8. The word ‘opponents’ in line 6 is synonymous to the word _____.

A. followers B. groups C. fans D. allies

9. The meaning of prefix ‘over-’ in the word ‘oversight’ in line 1 is _____.

A. above B. below C. under D. less

10. According to Paragraph 2, the following statements are true, EXCEPT _____.
A. The US Chamber of Commerce supports the bill
B. The vote for the bill helps small businesses
C. The vote for the bill increases economic goals
D. Both Republicans and Democrats support the bill

11. The antonym of the word ‘boosting’ in line 11 is _____.

A. increasing B. improving C. worsening D. enhancing

12. The pronoun ‘some’ in line 15 refers to _____.

A. Democrats B. the Senate C. Republicans D. Chamber of Commerce

13. The sentence "The US Chamber of Commerce said ...." (lines 10-12) has _____ noun clause.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

14. The sentence in line 9-10 has _____ noun phrase(s).

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

15. The main idea of paragraph 3 is that Democrats _____.

A. acknowledge various advantages of the bill
B. consider the bill to have some disadvantages
C. have various different reactions to the bill
D. basically give their best reactions to the bill

Indicate whether each of the following statements is TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). (Two points each)
16. The word ‘weaken’ in line 17 is an adjective. F
17. There is one noun clause in paragraph 4. T
18. The word ‘it’ in line 24 refers to the Senate. F
19. Dodd and Frank were the Congressmen who campaigned for the legislation. T
20. The part of speech of the word ‘ease’ in line 21 is a verb. T

Reading 2
Permafrost in the coldest northern Arctic – formerly thought to be at least temporarily shielded
from global warming by its extreme environment – will thaw enough to become a permanent source
of carbon to the atmosphere in this century, with the peak transition occurring in 40 to 60 years ,
according to a new NASA-led study. The study calculated that as thawing continues, total carbon
5 emissions from this region over the next 300 years or so will be 10 times as much as all human-
produced fossil fuel emissions in the single year 2016. The study, led by scientist Nicholas Parazoo
of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, found that warmer, more southerly
permafrost regions will not become a carbon source until the end of the 22 nd century, even though
they are thawing now. That is because other changing Arctic processes will counter the effect of
10 thawing soil in these regions.

2
 The finding that the colder region would transition sooner than the warmer one came as a
surprise, according to Parazoo. "Permafrost in southern Alaska and southern Siberia is already
thawing, so it's obviously more vulnerable," he said. "Some of the very cold, stable permafrost in
the highest latitudes in Alaska and Siberia appeared to be sheltered from extreme climate change,
15 and we didn’t expect much impact over the next couple hundred years."
Permafrost is soil that has remained frozen for years or centuries under topsoil. It contains
carbon-rich organic material, such as leaves, that froze without decaying. As rising Arctic air
temperatures cause permafrost to thaw, the organic material decomposes and releases its carbon to
the atmosphere in the form of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane.
20 Parazoo and his colleagues used data on soil temperatures in Alaska and Siberia from the
University of Alaska, Fairbanks, with a numerical model from the National Center for Atmospheric
Research in Boulder, Colorado, that calculates changes in carbon emissions as plants grow and
permafrost thaws in response to climate change. They assessed when the Arctic will transition to a
carbon source instead of the carbon-neutral area it is today – with some processes removing about
25 as much carbon from the atmosphere as other processes emit. They divided the Arctic into two
regions of equal size, a colder northern region and a warmer, more southerly belt encircling the
northern region.
There is far more permafrost in the northern region than in the southern one. Over the course
of the model simulations, northern permafrost lost about five times more carbon per century than
30 southern permafrost.
The southern region transitioned more slowly in the model simulations, Parazoo said, because
plant growth increased much faster than expected in the south. Plants remove carbon dioxide from
the air during photosynthesis, so increased plant growth means less carbon in the atmosphere.
According to the model, as the southern Arctic grows warmer, increased photosynthesis will
35 balance increased permafrost emissions until the late 2100s.
Source: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/far-northern-permafrost-may-unleash-carbon-within-decades

21. The topic of Paragraph 1 is _____.

A. global warming B. carbon emission C. climate change D. permafrost thawing

22. According to a new NASA-led study stated in Paragraph 1, _____.

A. it takes about 40 to 60 years for permafrost to thaw enough to become a permanent source of
carbon the atmosphere in this century
B. the thawing of permafrost in the coldest northern Arctic becomes a permanent source of carbon to
the atmosphere in this century
C. permafrost in both Arctic regions are equally ready to be sources of carbon to the atmosphere in
this century
D. permafrost in the coldest northern Arctic is temporarily shielded from global warming by its
extreme environment

23. The word ‘vulnerable’ in line 13 is closest in meaning to _____.

A. weak B. strong C. huge D. small

24. The noun phrase ‘the highest latitudes in Alaska’ (line 14) has _____ as modifier/s.
A. only a prepositional phrase C. an adjective and a prepositional phrase
B. only an adjective D. an adjective and a relative clause

25. Pasadena, where Nicholas Parazoo conducted the study, is located in _____.
A. New York B. California C. Miami D. Arctic

26. According to model simulation, Parazoo said, plant growth in ……….increased much faster than
expected.
A. Eastern region B. western region C. northern region D. southern region

27. The meaning of permafrost is described in Paragraph _____.

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

3
 28. The Artic was divided into two regions. One of them is _____.
A. a colder northern region C. a colder southern region
B. a warmer western region D. a warmer eastern region

29. The sentence in line 6-9 has a noun clause as a/an _____.
A. complement B. subject C. predicate D. object

30. The following are factors that affect permafrost thawing, EXCEPT _____.
A. climate change B. air temperature C. soil temperatures D. global warming

31. The antonym of the word ‘thaws’ in line 23 is _____.

A. defrosts B. freezes C. melts D. warms up

32. The part of speech of the word ‘thaws’ in line 23 is a/an _____.
A. verb B. noun C. adjective D. adverb

33. According to the result of model simulation, _____ permafrost lost about five times more carbon per
century than _____ permafrost.
A. southern, northern B. northern, southern C. eastern, western D. western, eastern

34. From the last paragraph, it can be known that _____.

A. photosynthesis increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
B. photosynthesis decreases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
C. the increase of plant growth will decrease the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
D. both B and C are true.

35. The word “That” in line 9 refers to _____.

A. A carbon source B. the study C. permafrost D. the previous sentence

Reading 3
Questions 36 to 50 are in the following text.
Animal-rearing has originated during the cultural transition to settled farming communities rather
than hunter-gatherer lifestyles. Animals are ‘domesticated’ when their breeding and living conditions
(36. A. are controlled B. controlled C. is controlled) by humans. Over time, the collective behavior,
life cycle, and physiology of livestock (37. A.is B. are C. have) changed radically. Many modern
5 farm animals are (38. A. unsuited B. suited C. suit) to life in the wild. Dogs (39. A. Are B. was C.
were) domesticated in East Asia about 15,000 years ago. Goats and sheep were domesticated around
8000 BC in Asia. Swine or pigs were domesticated by 7000 BC in the Middle East and China. The
earliest evidence of horse (40. A. domestic B. domestication C. domesticated) dates to around 4000
BC.
10 Older English sources, such as the King James Version of the Bible, (41. A. refer B. referring C.
reference) to livestock in general as "cattle", as opposed to the word "deer". The word cattle is derived
from Old North French catel, (42. A. which B. who C. where) meant all kinds of movable personal
property. In later English, sometimes smaller livestock (43. A. called B. was called C. calling) "small
cattle" in that sense of movable property on land. Today, the modern meaning of "cattle", without a
15 modifier, usually refers to (44. A. domesticated B. domesticating C. domestication) bovines. (45. A.
Others B. Another C. Other) species of the genus Bos sometimes are called wild cattle.
Farming practices vary (46. A. dramatic B. dramatically C. drama) worldwide and between types of
animals. Livestock are generally kept in an enclosure, are (47. A. feed B. feeds C. fed) by human-
provided food and are intentionally bred, (48. A. but B. so C. or) some livestock are not enclosed, or
20 are fed by access to natural foods, or are allowed to breed freely, or any combination thereof. The
transhumance form of herding in the Sierra Nevada of California still (49. A. continuance B. continues
C. continued), as cattle, sheep or goats are moved from winter pasture in lower elevation valleys (50.
A. and B. with C. to) spring and summer pasture in the foothills and alpine regions, as the seasons
progress.

4
Reading 4
1
Taan Fjord sits in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve in southeastern Alaska. The
rugged landscape is dotted with glaciers, including the Tyndall Glacier, which used to fill the
entirety of Taan Fjord. Between 1961 and 1991, however, the glacier retreated 10.5 miles (17
kilometers) to the end of the fjord.
2
5 As glaciers retreat and permafrost melts, the rocky hillsides once supported by all that ice
become unstable, wrote the team of researchers led by the University of Washington Tacoma's Dan
Shugar and environmental nonprofit Ground Truth Trekking's Bretwood Higman. The situation is
made worse by Alaska's restive nature; minor earthquakes regularly jolt the fjord walls.
3
Those factors may explain what happened in 2015, when an enormous chunk of hillside in
10 front of the Tyndall Glacier suddenly failed. Fortunately, no human eye was around to witness the
catastrophe, which spawned seismic waves equivalent to a magnitude-4.9 earthquake. Roughly 180
billion tons of rock and dirt crashed toward the fjord, about one-third of the material landing on the
glacier itself and the other two-thirds hitting the water. The resulting tsunami traveled 633 feet (193
meters) up the opposite side of the fjord; down-fjord, it reached 328 feet (100 m) in many places.
15 After the wave of debris and water hit, hillsides that had once been covered with 32-foot (10 m)
trees were stripped entirely bare.
4
It's unknown what triggered the final slope failure. About 2 minutes before the tsunami, the
seismic waves from a magnitude-4.1 earthquake that hit more than 300 miles (500 km) away
reached the fjord. The authors wrote that the shaking would have been neither much nor unusual for
20 the region, but it might have been enough. The previous months had also been unusually wet, which
could have further destabilized the slope.
5
Whatever the reason that the slope failed at that moment, the landslide was inevitable, the
researchers wrote. Satellite imagery revealed that the slope had been slumping since 1996, and
depressed areas called grabens — created as the surface of the hillside stretched downward — had
25 been visible from above since 1995. For two decades, the researchers found, the signs of a failing
slope were apparent from satellite data.
(adapted from Science Daily)

51. The topic of the above passage is __________.

A. the history of Taan Fjord B. the earthquake in Alaska C. tsunami in Alaska

52. The fjord is probably __________.

A. a river B. rocky hillsides C. a town

53. One of the leaders of the researchers mentioned in the passage is ___________.
A. Ground Truth Trekkings B. Tacomas C. Dan Shugar

54. The word “It” in line 17 refers to ____________.

A. the wave of debris B. the slope C. nothing

55. Which is NOT true about “Grabens” in line 24?

A. Visible since 1995 B. A satellite imagery C. Depressed areas

Indicate whether each of the folllowing statements is TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). Cross (X) your choice on the
answer sheet.
56. There is one noun clause in Paragraph 3. T
57. The seismic waves that happened in 2015 were higher than a magnitude-4.9 earthquake. F
58. The fjord used to be covered with 32-foot trees, but now it is full of water. F
59. The prefix “de” in the word “destabilized” in line 21 means NOT. T
60. Information about how long the resulting tsunami traveled can be found in 20-21. F

5
61. The part of speech of the word “unstable” in line 6 is a noun. F
62. During the 2015 catasthrope, about 90 billion tons material was landing on Tyndal Glaciers. F
63. The word “catasthrope” (in line 11) is closest in meaning to disaster. T
64. The topic sentence of Paragraph 4 is the first sentence. T
65. Taan Fjord is located in southeastern Alaska. T

Reading 5

Biofuels are defined as fuels generated by solar energy and photosynthesis, either on an
annual basis (crops, grasses, etc.) or over a period of a number of years (trees). Over the last ten
years, biofuels production has increased dramatically. Between 2000 and 2009, ethanol output
increased from 16.9 to 72.0 billion liters while biodiesel grew from 0.8 to 14.7 billion liters. There
5 are several reasons why biofuel development is important in the future.
Biofuels are produced from animals and plants sources, so they can be renewed. At least, 30
varieties of plants can be utilized as biofuel sources. Most of them are available in Indonesia and
can be cultivated effortlessly. For example, Jatropha curcas is one of the biofuel sources suggested
to cultivate, because this plant does not need high requirements to grow up. Regarding the
10 renewable aspect, most of plants are harvested in a quite short time, so they can be rehabilitated
rapidly.
Another consideration of biofuel development is environmentally friendly, especially
reducing air pollution. Several research outcomes explained that carbon emission produced by
biofuels combustion was less than the one produced by hydrocarbon fuels combustion.
15 Environmental Protection Agency (2002) reported that biodiesel emissions of fine particulate
matter, NOx, and Sulfates were 30% lower, 13% higher, and 100 % lower, respectively, than
petroleum diesel.
The role of biofuel to ensure availability of energy supply will be important in the future. It is
predicted that petroleum reserves will diminish; on the other side, demand of energy will increase
due to population growth. Biofuels, which are made from renewable sources, will provide lack of
energy demand, because of decreasing energy supply from hydrocarbon fuels.

Indicate whether each of the following statements is TRUE (T) or FALSE (F). Cross (X) your choice on the
answer sheet.
66. The topic of the above passage is biofuels. T
67. The main idea of the above passage is there are some reasons why biofuel development is important in the
future. T
68. There are TWO noun clauses in the last paragraph. F
69. The passage above mentions four reasons why biofuel development is important. F
70. The word “another” in line 12 indicates a process. F
71. According to the passage there will be a shortage of petroleum reserves. T
72. According to the passage biodiesel emissions of NOx were 30% lower than petroleum diesel. F
73. Biofuels combustion produced less carbon emission than hydrocarbon fuels combustion. T
74. The topic sentence of the last paragraph is a statement of intent. F
75. The use of biofuels can reduce air pollution. T

Answer each of the following questions with NO MORE than three words. (2 points each)
76. What is the part of speech of the word “friendly” (line 12)? Adjective
77. How many suffixes does the word “effortlessly” have (line 8)? 2
78. What is the name of a plant used as an example in Paragraph 2? Jatropha curcas
79. How many noun phrases are there in the first sentence of the third paragraph? 2
80. Which sentence is the topic sentence of the third paragraph? The first sentence

Reading 6
Read the following dictionary entry and choose the best answer for each question.
6
dissolve /dɪˈzɒlv/ v. 1become or cause to become incorporated into a liquid so as to form a solution; 2close down or dismiss
(an assembly or official body) e.g. The scene dissolves into a series of shots of the Morgan family.
essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃ(ə)li/ adv. when you think about the true, important or basic nature of somebody/something. e.g. There
are three essentially different ways of tackling the problem.
gas /ɡas/ n 1[U, C] any substance like air that is neither a solid nor a liquid; 2[U] a particular type of gas or mixture of gases
used as fuel for heating and cooking; 3[U] a particular type of gas used during a medical operation, to make the patient
sleep or to make the pain less; 4[U] a particular type of gas used in war to kill or injure people, or used by the police to
control people. e.g. Gas was one of the most dreaded weapons of the war.
magma /ˈmaɡmə/ n [U] a very hot liquid rock found below the earth’s surface. e.g. When red-hot magma comes into
contact with seawater, an explosion results.
vent /vɛnt/ n [C] 1an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass out of or into a room, building, container, etc. 2the
opening in the body of a bird, fish, reptile or other small animal, through which waste matter is passed out. 3a long thin
opening at the bottom of the back or side of a coat or jacket. e.g. Pumice fragments pile up to form a conical heap
round the vent.
volcano /vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ/ n [C] (plural volcanoes, volcanos) a mountain with a large opening at the top through which gases
and lava are forced out into the air, or have been in the past. e.g. An active volcano may erupt at any time.

Answer the following questions with NO MORE than THREE words or numbers.

A volcano is essentially an opening or a vent through which this magma and the dissolved gases it contains
are discharged.
81. What is the root word of the word ‘discharged’? Charge
82. What is the part of speech of the word ‘discharged’? Verb
83. Is ‘a volcano’ a noun phrase? Yes, it is.
84. What is the plural form of the word ‘volcano’? Volcanoes/volcanos
85. Does the word ‘magma’ have a plural form? No, it doesn’t.
86. In the sentence above, the most suitable meaning of the word ‘vent’ is meaning number…..1 (one)
87. Is the word “magma” a countable or uncountable noun? Uncountable
88. According to the above dictionary entry, how many meanings does the word ‘gas’ have? 4 (four)
89. What is the part of speech of the word ‘essentially’ in the above sentence? Adverb
90. What is the part of speech of the word ‘dissolved’ in the above sentence? Adjective

===Good luck===