ARCHITECTURAL

INTERIORS
Introduction:
DESIGN in ARCHITECTURE

Presented by:

AR. DIANE A. JOSE, MBA

ARCHITECTURAL INTERIORS
 Number of Units per Lecture and Studio:
 Lecture= 2 units
 Studio = 1 unit

 Number of Contact Hours per week:

 Lecture= 2 hours
 Studio = 3 hours

NOTE: Based on CHED Memorandum Order no. 61 Series of 2006

Things to bring:
 Bond Paper (letter size)
 Pencil and eraser
 Techpens
 Rendering Materials (markers or colored pencils as
suggested)
 Metric Scale
 T-Square
 Triangles
 GRADING SYSTEM
PERFORMANCE-BASED OUTCOMES
(Zero-Based, 70% Passing Grade)

 Class Requirements (CR): 60%

Quizzes, Drawings, Research
 Major Examinations/Projects (ME): 40%

GRADE COMPUTATION:
Midterm Grade = CR (60%) + ME (40%)
Final Grade = CR (60%) + FE (40%)
SEMESTRAL GRADE (SG) = MG (40%) + FG (60%)
Classroom Management and Policy
 NO MAKE-UP QUIZZES FOR LATE COMERS AND
ABSENT STUDENTS except for students with valid
reasons according to EARIST STUDENT HANDBOOK:
 FORCE MAJEURE
 DEATH OF IMMEDIATE FAMILY
 SICKNESS (with MEDICAL CERTIFICATE)
 *National/Local uncertainties

 Please arrange and clean the room before the class

starts
 Multimedia Projector Payment = Php100.00 per hour
 From the book: Designing Interiors

“We spend an increasing

amount of our lives
indoors in built
environments. We wake from
a night’s sleep in some form of interior
space and go to learn, work, or play in
another space that gives a sense of
purpose to our lives. We may briefly
go outdoors to get to the site of our
day’s occupation, but the amount of
time sent outdoors is usually only a
fraction of the time spent indoors.”

- Rosemary and Otie Kilmer

 ARCHITECTURE
The ART
the product or result of architectural work: buildings, collectively.

And SCIENCE
A style or method of building characteristic of a people, place, or
time.

Of DESIGNING
The profession of designing buildings and other habitable
environments.

And CONSTRUCTING
The conscious act of forming things resulting in a unifying or
coherent structure.

BUILDINGS
“ARCHITECTURE” is the art, science or profession
of planning, designing and constructing buildings in
their totality taking into account their environment,
in accordance with the principles of utility, strength
and beauty.
Source: IRR RA9266
“ARCHITECTURAL INTERIORS” means a detailed
planning and design of the indoor/enclosed areas of any
proposed building/structure, including retrofit or renovation
work and which shall cover all architectural and utility
aspects, including the architectural lay-outing of all
building engineering systems found therein.
Source: IRR RA9266
HISTORICAL
OVERVIEW
Designing Interiors
 Developing civilizations created shelters to
protect people from the elements and
serve other basic needs. As people became
less nomadic, they began to build more
permanent shelters. As farming replaced
hunting, people gathered into communities,
with structure for storage, shelter, and
protection from enemies.

BEFORE THE
19thCENTURY
 The Egyptians produces enough crops that
they often needed to store or trade off the
surpluses. As their civilization developed, they
began to construct temples. Ceremonial
spaces, and monumental tombs. This
specialization of buildings and their interiors
became more common and could be
considered the beginning of non-residential
design.

BEFORE THE NINETEENTH

CENTURY
 Greek and Roman civilizations constructed
more elaborate and specialize spaces, such
as temples, bath houses and large arenas.
They also pondered the meaning of beauty
and the proportions of their structures,
seeking to create “perfect” buildings. Many of
these early structures were monumental.
Architecture and the design of the interiors
were an integral act, not separate endeavours.

BEFORE THE NINETEENTH

CENTURY
 As civilizations prospered, structures
improved in materials, strength, and
flexibility to serve a multitude of needs.
Geographical factors also promoted variety
in style as people sought to “personalize” their
built environments according to the availability
of materials and workmanship in a particular
area.

BEFORE THE NINETEENTH

CENTURY
 By the eighteenth century, interior spaces
had become more than simply functional;
they served people’s sense of taste, décor,
and embellishment. Many of these interiors
were created for the rich to display their wealth
and luxury. However, the not-so-rich people
were also living in interiors that, while not
opulent, provided a continuum of design
examples throughout the ages.

BEFORE THE NINETEENTH

CENTURY
 During this time, interior decoration was
the responsibility primarily of the
architects, artisans and craftsmen. For
example, English architects in the 1700s were
designing interiors and even their furnishings.
This trend was continued in America by later
designers and architects, such as Samuel
McIntire, Thomas Jefferson and others before
1900.

BEFORE THE NINETEENTH

CENTURY
 THE 19th and 20th centuries:
decorating and integrated design
 Developed two directions: decoration and
integration of all elements
 Frank Lloyd Wright: He designed innovative
interiors in which space was treated as single entity
where all materials, technologies, and
ornamentation were integrated. His concept of total
integration of all interior elements is called Organic
Design.
 Candace Wheeler wrote an article “Interior
Decoration as a Profession for Women”
 Elsie de Wolfe has been credited as being the first
self-proclaimed interior decorator in America.
THE FALLINGWATER
by Frank Lloyd Wright
Elsie de Wolfe designed this dining room in
1896; it reflected a dark and sombre style
that was prevalent at that time.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Interior Architecture, Interior Design, Interior Decorator
and Room Theme
“ARCHITECTURAL INTERIORS” means a detailed
planning and design of the indoor/enclosed areas of any
proposed building/structure, including retrofit or renovation
work and which shall cover all architectural and utility
aspects, including the architectural lay-outing of all
building engineering systems found therein.
Source: IRR RA9266
ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
 Means a two (2) dimensional representations
reflecting a proposed development/redevelopment
of an enclosed/ semi enclosed or open area
showing features or elements such as columns,
walls, partitions, ceiling, stairs, doors, windows,
floors, roof, room designations, door and window
call-outs, the architectural layout of equipment,
furnishings, furniture and the like, specifications
callouts, elevation references, drawing references
and the like.
Source: IRR RA9266
•Is a practice concerned with anything that is found inside a space -
walls, windows, doors, finishes, textures, light, furnishings and
furniture..
furniture

•Is focused on choosing color palettes with complementary furniture,

flooring, window coverings, artwork, and lighting
lighting..

•Today, interior designers must be attuned to architectural detailing

including:: floor plans, home renovations, and construction codes
including codes..
Interior design draws on aspects of environmental psychology,
architecture, and product design in addition to traditional decoration
decoration..
•
•Involves manipulating the architectural integrity of the interior
space..
space
Is the art of decorating a room so that it is attractive,
easy to use, and functions well with the existing
architecture.
The goal of interior decoration is to provide a
certain "feel" for the room; it encompasses applying
wallpaper, wall decals, painting walls and other
surfaces, choosing furniture and fittings, such as
light fixtures, floor plans and providing other
decorations for the area such as paintings,
sculptures and carpets.
Is generally focused on the selection and
presentation of interior items within a space, such
as furniture, accessories, finishes and room layout.
A consistent idea used throughout a room to
create a feeling of completeness
completeness.. Each element
should contribute to form or function or both and
maintain a consistent standard of quality and
combine to create the desired design
design..
 Universal Design is a concept that
encompasses the design of worldwide
environments, spaces, objects and
communication with the intent of serving the
widest range of users, regardless of age and
physical abilities
abilities..
 Architects and Interior Designers often work on a
global scale and with multicultural communities
and people
people.. This is particularly true today as the
Internet and other digital media allow designers
and others to communicate worldwide
worldwide.. Designers
may encompass a multitude of nationalities,
cultural traits, physical needs and preferences
preferences..
Materials indigenous to a region may also affect
how environments are built
built.. Therefore, designers
must be aware of particular cultural beliefs and
preferences in order to propose appropriate
design solutions for a global market
market..
 Sustainable design seeks to reduce the
negative impacts on our environments,
eliminate non
non--renewable resources, and
promote the interaction of people and the
natural environment..
environment The need for
sustainable design is a direct result of global
growth in human population, economic
activity, damage to the earth’s ecosystem,
and depletion of natural resources
resources..
 Charles Rennie Mackintosh

•In Glasgow, Scotland, CRM

works grew out of Arts and
Crafts bases, but moved toward
the freedom of Art Nouveau and
became greatly admired by
continental designers, including
those based in Vienna.

•Developed furniture designs

that most often used simple,
geometric forms, but then
introduced exaggerated HILL HOUSE
proportions, extreme high chair INTERIOR
backs, and white or black paint
finishes with decorative details in
violet, silver, or gold.
 Antoni Gaudi

•In Barcelona, Spain.

•Inventor of a highly personal

vocabulary of flowing curves and
unusual decorative details.

•His 1904-6 reconstruction of an older

building, Casa Batlló, included a new
facade of complex, bone-like forms
with a fantastic roof line and, for
some apartments, remarkable
interiors. Paneled doors are studded
with small mirrors of irregular shape;
ceilings are of plaster in swirling CASA BATLO
curved forms.
 Gerrit Rietveld

•The best known De Stijl ("the style")

work was produced by Gerrit
Rietveld (1888-1964), whose
Schröder House at Utrecht is the
most complete realization of the
movement's ideas. It is a rectilinear
block made up of complex,
interpenetrating planes of wall, roof,
and projecting decks, with voids
filled by glass in metal sash.
SCHRODER
HOUSE
 Alvar Aalto

•The most important of the "second-

tier" pioneer modernists is the
Finnish architect and designer Alvar
Aalto (1898-1976).
•Americans were able to see an Aalto
design at first hand at the New York
World's Fair of 1939. The box-like
interior space of the Finnish exhibit
was made remarkably interesting by
the introduction of flowing, free-form
walls. A wall of wood strips leaned FINNISH PAVILLION,
out over the main exhibit space that New York’s Fair
screened additional exhibit space on
an upper level.
 Pierre Chareau

•Pierre Chareau (1883-1950) is best

known for his 1928-32 Maison de
Verre (House of Glass) in Paris that
made use of steel framing and large
areas of glass block and plate glass.
•His furniture designs included both
chairs of rich woods and heavy
upholstery and simple folding seating
with metal framing and wicker seats
and backs, suggesting a move from
Art Deco to the International Style. HOUSE OF GLASS
 Philip Johnson

•Designed his own house at New

Canaan, Connecticut, as an all glass-
walled box with only a small
cylindrical brick enclosure to house
a bathroom and to provide a
location for a fireplace.
•This "Glass House" has become a
famous example of the possibilities
of an open plan carried to its
logical, extreme conclusion.
GLASS HOUSE
 Walter Gropius

•Was the architect of his own house

at Lincoln, Massachusetts (1937). A
fine example of International Style
design, it has a typical flat roof, large
glass areas, and such details as an
entrance shelter supported by
tubular columns, an external spiral
stair, and generous use of glass
block.
GROPIUS’ HOUSE
 Herman Hertzberger

•In The Netherlands.

•The building is made up of modular
units stacked in rectilinear but
irregular patterns. The interior space
is, as a result, a complex of small
spaces where the individual workers
are encouraged to arrange furniture,
equipment, and personal accessories
in any desired way. The resulting
clutter is surprisingly humane, quite
unlike the uniform order that is the CENTRAL BEHEER
effect of so many office projects.
 Charles Eames

•Better known as the designer of the

Eames chair (1940-1), Charles Eames's
own house was an early example of
the direction known as "hi-tech" in its EAMES’ HOUSE
use of metal and glass. Exposed
open-web joists support the roof,
while the exterior walls are made up
of glass and solid panels in standard
industrial window and structural
elements.

EAMES’ Chair
Fin