III.

“ ” , .

: g ( x) dx f ( x) f ( x) g ( x) .

g ( x) dx f ( x) , “ g ( x) dx e e f ( x) ”

( )
, ,
.

( f ( x) C ) f ( x) 0 f ( x) C,

f ( x) g ( x) g ( x) d x f ( x) C , .

“+C”

.1
xn 1
1. dx x C. 2. x n dx C
n 1

ax e x dx ex C
3. a x dx C 4.
ln a

5. sin x dx cos x C 6. cos x d x sin x C

1 1
7. dx tan x C 8. x 1d x dx ln x C
cos 2 x x

III-1
 x 1 x
2 2
dx ln x 2 a2 C dx x2 a2 C.
x a 2 x 2
a 2

1 1 x a 1 1 x
2 2
dx ln C. 2 2
dx arctan C.
x a 2a x a x a a a

1 x
dx arcsin C.
a2 x2 a

1
dx ln x x2 a2 C.
2 2
x a

A.1.2

1. d f x dx f x dx .

2. f x dx f x C.

3. a f x dx a f x dx .

4. f1 x f2 x f n x dx f1 x dx f 2 x dx f n x dx
n.

A.2
1. I = 3 x5 dx = ?

x5 1 1 6
I = 3 x5 dx 3 x5 dx 3 x C.
5 1 2

3
2. I = 4 x 2 dx = ?
2
2 1 5
3 x3 12 3 12 3
I= 4 x 2 dx 4 x3 dx 4 x x x2 C.
2 5 5
1
3

III-2
 .
x 1 x2 3
3. I = dx = ?
3x2
:
x3 x2 3x 3 1 dx dx
I dx xdx dx 3 3 2
3x 2 3 x x
1 1 1 2 1 1
x dx dx x 1 dx 3 x 2 d x x x ln x C.
3 3 6 3 x

x 2 dx
**4. I = =?
1 x2

x 2 dx 1 x2 1 1 x2 1
I dx dx dx
1 x2 1 x2 1 x2 1 x2

dx arctan x x arctan x C .

.1
y x dx , .

y x f u x u x

u x t ; u x dx d t ,

y x dx f t dt .

: u x " "
t.

.2
,
x: ax b t ( a dx dt ).
.

III-3
 1 x 5 t dt
1. dx ln t ln x 5 C.
x a dx dt t

2x 3 t
1 1 t2 t2
2. 2 x 3 dx 2 dx dt t dt
2 2 2 4
dx dt 2
2
2x 3
C.
4

x2
3. x e dx = ?

u ( x) x2 t.
u ( x) 2x u ( x) 2 x :

x2 x2 t 1 x2 1 t et 1 x2
x e dx x e 2dx e dt e C
2 xdx dt 2 2 2 2

1
4. dx = ?
x ln x 3
u ( x) ln x t2 (1) u ( x) 1 x (2)
ln x t2 t .

ln x t 2
1 2t
dx dx dt 2dt 2t 2 ln x C .
x ln x 3 2t dt t
x

5. tan x dx = ?

sin x
, : tan x . ,
cos x
u ( x) cos x t , u ( x) sin x .

sin x cos x t dt
tan x dx dx ln t ln cos x C
cos x sin x dx dt t

III-4
 2x arcsin x
6. dx = ?
1 x2
:I=
2x arcsin x
dx dx I1 I 2 .
1 x2 1 x2
2x
I1 = dx 5; .
2
1 x

1 x2 t 2
2t dt 2t dt
I1 = 2 x dx 2t dt 2 dt
t2 t
2 x dx 2t dt
1
= 2t 2 1 x2 2 2 1 x2

arcsin x t 2
2t 3 2
I2 = dx t 2 2t dt t 2 dt arcsin 3 x C .
2t dt 3 3
1 x2
2
I 2 1 x2 arcsin 3 x C .
3

x
7. dx = ?
4
1 x
, u ( x) 1 x 4 t. u ( x) 4 x3
dx
. arcsin x
1 x2
u ( x) x2 t. u ( x) 2x .

x x2 t 1 2 x dx 1 dt
dx
1 x4 2 x dx dt 2 1 x4 2 1 t2
1 1
arcsin t arcsin x 2 C.
2 2

III-5
 .

.1

u dv u v v du .

.
n
x f ( x) dx , u dv
:
1. f ( x ) sin x, cos x, e x , a x , . . . u x n , dv f ( x ) dx .

2. f ( x ) ln x, arcsin x, arctan x , . . . u f ( x) dx, dv xn .

.2
1. I = x e x dx = ?

u x du dx
I= x e x dx x x x xe x e x dx xe x e x C e x ( x 1) C .
dv e dx v e dx e

2. I = x n ln x dx = ? (n 1)

xn 1 1 xn 1 xn 1 xn 1
I ln x dx ln x 2
C.
n 1 n 1 x n 1 n 1

3. I = arctan 4 x 1 dx = ?

dx
u arctan 4 x 1 du
I = arctan 4 x 1 dx 2x 4x 1
dv dx v x

III-6
 1 dx 1
x arctan 4 x 1 x arctan 4 x 1 I1 .
2 4x 1 2
I1 o o 4x 1 t :
dx 4x 1 t 1 dt 1 1
I1 = t 4x 1 C .
4x 1 4dx dt 4 t 2 2
1
I = x arctan 4 x 1 4x 1 C .
4

x cos x
**4. I = dx = ?
sin 3 x
u x du dx
x cos x
I= dx cos x cos x dx 1
sin 3 x dv 3
dx v I1
sin x sin 3 x 2sin 2 x
x 1 dx x 1
cot x C
2 sin 2 x 2 sin 2 x 2 sin 2 x 2
1 x
C cot x .
2 sin 2 x

2
cos x sin x t dt 3 t 1
( I1 dx t dt .)
sin 3 x cos x dx dt t3 2 2sin 2 x

:
“ ”o .
. ,
. ,
.
2 x2 t dt t 1 t 1 t 1 x2
: xe x dx e e dt e e C .
2 x dx dt 2 2 2 2

dx
: . .
x 3x x 2 2
2 2
: , y ex , e x dx
.

III-7