Diya, Shaina I.
NCM 116j
Procedure Definition
is an endoscopic procedure that
allows your doctor to examine
your esophagus, stomach and
duodenum. It is an outpatient
EGD procedure, meaning you can go
(Esophagogastro home that same day. It takes
duodenoscopy)
approximately 30 to 60 minutes to
perform.
is an exam used to detect changes
or abnormalities in the large
intestine (colon) and rectum.
During a colonoscopy, a long,
flexible tube (colonoscope) is
inserted into the rectum. A tiny
video camera at the tip of the tube
allows the doctor to view the
inside of the entire colon.
Colonoscopy
Sigmoidoscopy is a procedure that lets your doctor
look inside your sigmoid colon by
using a flexible tube with a light
on it. During a flexible
sigmoidoscopy exam, the doctor
inserts a sigmoidoscope into your
Position Prep Nursing Responsibilities
Sitting supine NPO (6 hrs)  Monitor patient’s vital signs.
with head dentures  Sedate the patient before the procedure
elevated  Administer necessary medication to patient
 Keep the patient informed throughout the duration of the
procedure.
 Prepare the instruments, equipment and supplies needed for the
procedure
 Clean and sterilize equipment before use.
 Provide assistance to doctors throughout the procedure.
Sims lateral Clear liquid Before the procedure:
Knee-chest (noon)  Secure an informed consent.
NPO,  Obtain a medical history of the patient.
GoLYTELY,  Ensure that the patient has complied with the bowel preparation.
Dulcolax  Instruct the patient to empty bladder prior to the procedure.
 Instruct the patient to remove all metallic objects from the area
to be examined.
During the procedure:
 Administer medications as ordered.
 Instruct the patient to bear down. Bearing down as if having a
bowel movement is advised as the fiberoptic tube is inserted
through the rectum.
 Encourage the patient to take slow, deep breaths.
After the procedure:
 Observe the patient closely for signs of bowel perforation.
 Observe the patient closely for signs of bowel perforation.
 Monitor for any rectal bleeding.
 Encourage increased fluid intake.
Knee-chest Before the procedure:
 Secure an informed consent.
 Obtain a medical history of the patient.
 Ensure that the patient has complied with the bowel preparation.
 Instruct the patient to empty bladder prior to the procedure.
 Instruct the patient to remove all metallic objects from the area
 rectum to check for abnormalities to be examined.
in your sigmoid colon and most of
your descending colon. During the procedure:
 Administer medications as ordered.
 Instruct the patient to bear down. Bearing down as if having a
bowel movement is advised as the fiberoptic tube is inserted
through the rectum.
 Encourage the patient to take slow, deep breaths.

After the procedure:

ERCP is a diagnostic procedure
designed to examine diseases of
ERCP w/ dye the liver, bile ducts and pancreas.
(Endoscopic A dye is injected into the bile and
Retrograde pancreatic ducts using a flexible,
Cholangiopancre fiber-optic endoscope. Then x-rays
atography) are taken to outline the bile ducts
and pancreas.
 Observe the patient closely for signs of bowel perforation.
 Observe the patient closely for signs of bowel perforation.
 Monitor for any rectal bleeding.
 Encourage increased fluid intake.
Sitting or NPO (6 hrs)  The nurse must assess the client’s preparedness
supine with dentures  Make sure to check for any allergies (especially iodine) and
head elevated medications (anticoagulants)that might complicate the
procedure.
 Assist the client. Since the client is sedated, there might be a
high risk of accidents and fall.
 If the client’s throat is numbed before the test, advise the client
not to eat or drink until his/her throat is not numbed and he/she
can swallow easily without choking.

References:
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/gastroenterology_hepatology/clinical_services/basic_endoscopy/esophagogastroduodenoscopy.html#:~:text=EGD%20is%20an
%20endoscopic%20procedure,to%2060%20minutes%20to%20perform.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/colonoscopy/about/pac-20393569#:~:text=A%20colonoscopy%20(koe%2Dlun%2D,is%20inserted%20into%20the
%20rectum.
https://www.healthline.com/health/sigmoidoscopy#uses
https://nurseslabs.com/colonoscopy/
https://www.scribd.com/doc/35597171/Endoscopic-Retrograde-Cholangiopancreatography-ERCP