Mucous – moist membrane Thoracic cavity, abdominal pelvic cavity and pericardial cavity – connection with outside cavity Connective tissue membrane – lines joint cavities Joint cavity otherwise known as synovial cavity As we old the space becomes narrower (especially to athletes) – or the osteoarthritis Integumentary system – largest system of the body because it contains skin Skin is one of the biggest skin, it covers the body (contains 6%) Function: cushion to protect body organs Pigment melanin – protecting us from UV rays Kidney Failure – skins perspiration smells urine because of ammonia Vitamin D is important in absorbent of calcium Rickets – a person lacking vitamin D; having soft bone due to the decrease in absorption of calcium Layers of the skin – epidermis and dermis Keratin – protein that protects body from excessive dehydration; moisture Epidermis is avascular (no blood vessels); nutrition comes from basal membrane Thick skin (hairless; found at palm and sole); Thin skin (lacks lucidum) Why epidermis and dermis should arranged in a wave form? So epidermis and dermis would not be separated. Stratum basale – is only a living part of the epidermis; cells undergoing mitosis When skin goes up it dies. Stratum corneum – dead skin; remove when takes a bath or scrubs the body (libag) Skin gradually changes every two weeks Merkel – receives light touch Hue melanin Asian (yellow to brown to black); paleous (red) All human being contains same number of melanocytes (more active is Blacks; less active Caucasians) – more exposure to sun means more melanin are produced, aside from cultural factor Dermis is a dense and has connective tissue No two person have same fingerprints because of the arrangement of papillae Carotemia vs Jundice – check the function of the liver Torniquet – within 1 minute only; otherwise hematoma occur Your hair and hands are the dirtiest part of the body; especially to protect the face Massage scalp, to become shiny (release of natural oil) and to clean follicles. Eccrine (except nipple, armpit, singit) Naturally, skin is somewhat acidic, like a sweat of a child Appocrine – duct is attached to hair follicle; body + oil is prone to bacteria (produces body odor). Appocrine produces yellowish color. Remember, what you wat is what you smell. Appocrine glands are related to stress Hair produces outside scalp are all dead Normally, we loss less than a hundred of hair in a day Protein malnutrition – thinness of hair, change in color Hair loss: treatment/medicines (eg cancer), stress, protein malnutrition, it can be naturaly occurred also, genetics, and it also indicates diseases. Cuticle, protects from excessive dryness In pagpapakulay ng hair, you’ll remove cuticle; do it every after 3 months Why do we have nails? Gives strength, makes it hard to grip and do other functions Don’t remove cuticles, because it protects the nail (avoid infection) Fungi (comes from the soil); stays sa mainit, mamasa masa, madilim;