Superstructure - SC Girder (47m EJ) - 4 Girders

INDEX
Sr. No. Content
1 Input Data
2 Characteristic Stresses and material constants
3 Static Load Calculation
4 Load combinations
5 Shrinkage Calculations
6 Differential Temperature Calculations
7 Design of inner and outer plate girder (Full load)
8 Design of inner and outer plate girder (green concrete stage)
9 Check for ULS stresses for the composite section
10 Check for deflection
11 Design of shear connector
12 Web Splice Design (Main girder)
13 Bottom Flange Splice Design (Main girder)
14 Top Flange Splice Design (Main girder)
15 Design of End Diaphragm
16 Design of Cross Bracing
17 Design of Bolted Connection In Bracing
18 Design of Transverse/Longitudinal Seismic Stopper (Restraints)
19 Design of Temporary Lateral Support of Individual Girder
20 Design of Deck Slab

Design of Simply Supported Steel Concrete
Composite Girder of 1x47.0m c/c EJ for Minor
Bridge
Sr. No. Design Chainage (CA) Proposed Chainage (P&P)

CONSTRUCTION OF 05 (FIVE) NOS. DOUBLE LANE RCC BRIDGE ON ROAD BETWEEN SANGRAM TO NYAPIN PH-1 UNDER RIDF-XXIV Document No. Date
Designed Checked Approved

DESIGN OF 1 x 47.00M C/C EJ STEEL CONCRETE COMPOSITE GIRDER
1.0 Input Data

1.1 Bridge Geometry
Span (c/c brg) (Skew, if any) = 45.000 m
Skew angle = 0.000 degrees
Dist. b/w c/L Brg to c/L Exp. (Skew, if any) = 1.000 m
Span length (Ej/Ej of girder) (Skew, if any) = 47.000 m
Number of spans = 1 nos.
Expansion gap (Skew, if any) = 50 mm
Total length = 47.000 m
Projection beyond C/L of bearing (Long.) = 1.000 m
Effective span for Main Girder = 47.000 m (IRC 24-2010 Cl. 504.1)
Spacing of main Girder = 2.500 m > 2.350 m (IRC 24-2010 Cl. 504.3)
>1/20th of Span is OK
Wearing Coat Thickness = 0.065 m ( 0.10m thk. considered for design )
Effective span for Cross Girder = 2.50 m (IRC 24-2010 Cl. 504.1)
Number of Main girders = 4 nos.
Number of Intermediate diaphragms = 7 nos.
Number of End diaphragms = 2 nos.
Deck slab thickness. (support) = 0.380 m
Deck slab thickness. (mid span) = 0.230 m
Deck slab thickness. (Average) = 0.305 m
Depth of Haunch above girder = 0.100 m
Width of Haunch above girder = 0.100 m
Offset from flange face = 0.050 m
Overall width of bridge = 10.000 m
Width of crash barrier = 0.450 m
Carriageway width = 9.100 m
Cantilever width of slab (max.) = 1.250 m
Cantilever width of slab (min.) = 1.250 m
Cross slope = 2.50 %
Number of splice locations = 3.00 nos.
Length of segments
End Segment = 9.000 m
Intermediate Segment = 9.000 m
Central Segment = 10.000 m
Live load (As per IRC:6 - 2017) = (Class A-2Lanes OR 70R-1Lane)
(whichever produces severe effects)
1.2 Sectional Property of Steel Section
Main Girders
Overall Depth of section = 1.968 m
Thickness of Top flange = 0.028 m
Thickness of Bottom flange = 0.040 m
Thickness of Web = 0.020 m
Clear Depth of web between flanges = 1.900 m
Width of Top Flange = 0.625 m
Width of Bottom Flange = 0.675 m
beff for inner girders = 2.500 m (IRC 22-2015 Cl. 603.2.1)
beff for outer girders = 2.500 m, where X= 1.25 m (IRC 22-2015 Cl. 603.2.1)
End Diaphragm
Overall Depth of section = 1.640 m
Thickness of Top flange = 0.020 m
Thickness of Bottom flange = 0.020 m
Thickness of Web = 0.016 m
Clear Depth of web between flanges = 1.600 m
Width of Top Flange = 0.420 m
Width of bottom Flange = 0.420 m
beff = 1.450 m, where X= 1.200 m (IRC 22-2015 Cl. 603.2.1)
c/L Brg.
CRASH BARRIER 0.45
9.10 10.00
CRASH BARRIER 0.45
45.000
47.000
PLAN

10.00
0.230
Nos of Girder = 4 1.968
c/L Jack (typ.)
1.250 2.500 0.900
Super-structure Cross-section
Summary of section properties:

Outer Girders Inner Girders End End
Sectional Properties Steel only Composite Diaphragm Diaphragm
Composite Composite Composite
(Long
(Short term) (Short term) (Long term) (Steel only) (Composite)
term)
Area (in m2) 0.0825 0.1592 0.1208 0.1592 0.1208 0.0424 0.0869
ý (From Base) (in m) 0.8770 1.4579 1.2596 1.4579 1.2596 0.8200 1.2986
Izz (in m4) 0.0521 0.1102 0.0903 0.1102 0.0903 0.0165 0.0357
Iyy (in m4) 0.0016 0.0415 0.0216 0.0415 0.0216 0.0002 0.0080
Zt (A-A) (in m3) - 1.1166 1.4432 1.1166 1.4432 - 0.4680
ZInt (B-B) (in m3) 0.0477 0.2160 0.1274 0.2160 0.1274 0.0201 0.1044
Zb (C-C) (in m3) 0.0593 0.0756 0.0717 0.0756 0.0717 0.0201 0.0275
1.3 Sectional Properties Used for Analysis of Structure

Girder - Steel only Case
Y 1
625 C/s area: 625*28+1900*20+675*40 = 82500 mm2
2
yb : (675*40*20+20*1900*(40+950)+625*28*(1968-14)+(40+1900))/82500 =
(From the Base) 877 mm
#
20 Izz = 625*28^3/12+625*28*(1968-14-877.03)^2 +20*1900^3/12

1968
1900
4
+20*1900*(40+950-877.03)^2+675*40^3/12+675*40*(20-877.03)^2 5.21E+10 mm
Z Z =
ý 4
. Iyy = 28*625^3/12 +1900*20^3/12 +40*675^3/12 = 1.60E+09 mm
40
3
675 Z2 : (At Top Fibre) 52050512424/(1968-877.03) = 4.77E+07 mm3
Y
Z3 : (At Bottom Fibre) 52050512424/877.03 = 5.93E+07 mm3
Check for Depth :
Steel Conc. Comp. Min. Depth= L/25 = 1880 mm I. E <1968, Hence OK (IRC:24-2010 Cl. 504.4)
Composite for transient loading (For LL) - Outer Girders

2500 m = 7.5
Y 1
C/s area: 82500+2500*230/7.5 = 159167 mm2
230
2
yb : (82500*877.03+(2500*230)/7.5*(1968+115))/159166.67 = 1458 mm
28
Z Z Izz = 52050512424+(2500*230^3/12+2500*230 *(1968+115-

4
20 1457.92)^2)/7.5 = 1.10E+11 mm
1968
1900
4
ý Iyy = 1596084375+(230*2500^3/12)/7.5 = 4.15E+10 mm
Z1 : 1.12E+09 mm3
40
(At Top Fibre) 110182277772/(1968+230-1457.92)*7.5 =

3
(At Intersection Fibre 3
675 Z2 : between concrete and 110182277772/(1968-1457.92) = 2.16E+08 mm
Y steel)


Composite for permanent loading (For SIDL) - Outer Girders

2500 m = 15.0
Y 1
C/s area: 82500+2500*230/15 = 120833 mm2
230
2
yb : (82500*877.03+(2500*230)/15*(1968+115))/120833.33 = 1260 mm
Z Z
#
Izz = 52050512424+(2500*230^3/12+2500*230 *(1968+115-

20 1259.61)^2)/15 = 9.03E+10 mm
4
1968
1900
ý 4
Iyy = 1596084375+(230*2500^3/12)/15 = 2.16E+10 mm
Z1 : (At Top Fibre) 90283686421/(1968+230-1,259.61)*15 = 1.44E+09 mm3

40
3
675 Z2 : (At Intersection Fibre
90283686421/(1968-1,259.61) = 1.27E+08 mm3
Y between concrete and steel)
Z3 : (At Bottom Fibre) 90283686421/1,259.61 = 7.17E+07 mm3
Composite for transient loading (For LL) - Inner Girders

2500 m = 7.5
Y 1
C/s area: 82500+2500*230/7.5 = 159167 mm2
230
2
yb : (82500*877.03+(2500*230)/7.5*(1968+115))/159166.67 = 1458 mm
28
Z Z Izz = 52050512424+(2500*230^3/12+2500*230 *(1968+115-

4
20 1457.92)^2)/7.5 = 1.10E+11 mm
1968
1900
4
ý Iyy = 1596084375+(230*2500^3/12)/7.5 = 4.15E+10 mm
Z1 : 1.12E+09 mm3
40
(At Top Fibre) 110182277772/(1968+230-1457.92)*7.5 =

3
110182277772/(1968-1457.92) = 2.16E+08 mm3


Composite for permanent loading (For SIDL) - Inner Girders

2500 m = 15.0
Y 1
C/s area: 82500+2500*230/15 = 120833 mm2
230
2
yb : (82500*877.03+(2500*230)/15*(1968+115))/120833.33 = 1260 mm
Z
28
Z
Izz = 52050512424+(2500*230^3/12+2500*230 *(1968+115-
20 1259.61)^2)/15 = 9.03E+10 mm
4
1968
1900
ý 4
Iyy = 1596084375+(230*2500^3/12)/15 = 2.16E+10 mm
Z1 : (At Top Fibre) 90283686421/(1968+230-1,259.61)*15 = 1.44E+09 mm3

40
3
90283686421/(1968-1,259.61) = 1.27E+08 mm3
Z3 : (At Bottom Fibre) 90283686421/1,259.61 = 7.17E+07 mm3
End Cross girder - Steel only

Y 1
420 C/s area: = 42400 mm2
2
yb : = 820 mm (From the Base)
20
4
Izz = = 1.65E+10 mm
16
1600
1640
4
Iyy = = 2.48E+08 mm
Z Z
Z2 : = 2.01E+07 mm3 (At Top Fibre)

ý
.
20
3 Z3 : = 2.01E+07 mm3 (At Bottom Fibre)

420
Y
End Cross girder - Composite properties

1450 m = 7.5
Y 1
C/s area: = 86867 mm2
230
2
yb : = 1299 mm
20
4
Z Z Izz = 3.57E+10 mm
16
1640
1600
4
Iyy = 8.04E+09 mm
ý
20
3 Z2 : = 1.04E+08 mm3 (At Intersection Fibre between concrete and steel)

420
Y Z3 : = 2.75E+07 mm3 (At Bottom Fibre)
Seismic arrestor (Longitudinal)

Y 1
350 C/s area: = 26092 mm2
2
yb : = 265 mm (From the Base)
22
4
Izz = = 1.20E+09 mm
22
4
530
486
Iyy = = 1.58E+08 mm
Z Z

ý
.
22
3 Z3 : = 4.55E+06 mm3 (At Bottom Fibre)

350
Y

2.0 Characteristic Stresses and material constants

Structural Steel Grade = E 410 (Fe 540) (IS 2062-2011 Table 2)
Yield stress of structural steel member t> 40mm = 380 Mpa (IS 2062-2011 Table 2)
Yield stress of structural steel member 20 < t < 40mm = 390 Mpa (IS 2062-2011 Table 2)
Yield stress of structural steel member t< 20mm = 410 Mpa (IS 2062-2011 Table 2)
Ultimate tensile stress = 540 Mpa (IS 800-2007 Table I)
Yield stress of secondary members = 250 Mpa
Modulus of elasticity for steel Es = 200000 Mpa (IRC 24-2010)
3
Density of steel ρ = 7850 kg/m (IRC 24-2010)
Poisson's ratio µ = 0.30 (IRC 24-2010)
Modulus of rigidity G = 77000 Mpa (IRC 24-2010)
Coefficient of thermal expansion αt = 0.000012 /˚C (IRC 24-2010)
Environmental condition = Moderate
Grade of concrete for deck slab = M 35 Mpa

Grade of Steel reinforcement = Fe 500 Mpa
Modulus of elasticity of concrete Ec = 32000 Mpa (IRC 22-2015 Cl. III-1)
3
Density of concrete = 25 kN/m
3
Density of wearing course = 22 kN/m
Creep factor for long term loads Kc = 0.5 (IRC 22-2015 Cl. 604.3)
Partial safety factor γm = 1.1

Permissible stresses in str. steel (Bending) (fy / γm) = 345 Mpa
Permissible bending stress in concrete (0.48*fck) = 16.8 Mpa (IRC 22-2015 Cl 604.3.1)
Impact Factor
Impact factor for steel girder with Class A loading = 9 / (13.5 +L) (IRC 6-2014 Cl 208.2)
Impact factor for 45 m span = 0.154
Impact factor for steel girders with 70R wheeled Vehicles = 0.154 (IRC 6-2014 Cl 208.3)
Impact factor for steel girders with 70R Tracked Vehicles = 0.100 (IRC 6-2014 Cl 208.3)
3.0 Static Load Calculation

1) Dead load (DL)
Selfweight of steel members (factor applied in STAAD) = -1.00 g
Udl for slab on outer girder = 16.4 kN/m

Udl for slab on inner girder = 16.4 kN/m
2
Temporary load = 1.00 kN/m
2) Superimposed Dead load (SIDL) - Crash Barrier & Wearing course

SIDL - Crash Barrier
Area of Crash Barrier = 0.50 m2
Udl considered = 12.50 kN/m
SIDL - Wearing Course

Thickness of Wearing Course = 0.065 m
Design thickness of Wearing Course = 0.100 m
Udl for Outer Girder = 5.500 kN/m
Udl for Inner Girder = 5.500 kN/m
3) Live load cases

a) 2 Lanes of Class A
b) 1 Lane of 70R

4.0 Load combinations

4.1 Summary of Staad Output For Main Girders (BM at Mid Span and Shear Force at Support) - Includes Reduction factor
G1 (Outer) G2 (Inner) G3 (Middle) G1 (Outer) G2 (Inner) G3 (Middle)
Impact 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd
Sl. No. Description L/2 L/2 L/2 deff deff deff
factor Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice
Max. Bending Moment (kNm) Max. Shear Force (kN)

1 Steel only (Self weight) 1.000 1310 2140 2270 0 0 0 1310 2140 2270 215 145 90 0 0 0 215 145 90
2 Deck Slab 1.000 2550 4000 4150 0 0 0 2550 4000 4150 370 230 82 0 0 0 370 36 82
3 Construction Live Load 1.000 365 586 624 0 0 0 365 586 624 52 36 0 0 0 0 52 36 0
4 SIDL - Crash Barrier 1.000 1040 1720 1870 0 0 0 480 1200 1320 195 145 65 0 0 0 80 80 40
5 SIDL - Wearing Coat 1.000 680 1280 1400 0 0 0 680 1280 1400 125 90 40 0 0 0 125 90 40
6 Class A - 2 Lane (Incl. impact) 1.154 1662 2960 3115 0 0 0 2077 3863 4050 363 312 208 0 0 0 322 239 166
9 70RW - 1L (Incl. impact) 1.154 2308 4500 4904 0 0 0 2308 4500 4904 404 369 248 0 0 0 508 346 277
4.2 Summary of Forces for Ultimate Limit State

As per Table B.2 of IRC:6-2017 for checking the structural strength, the partial safety factor for loads shown are adopted.
4.2.1 Basic Combination (Live load leading)
Partial
1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd
Sl. No. Description safety L/2 L/2 L/2 deff deff deff
Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice
factor
2 Deck Slab 1.35 3443 5400 5603 0 0 0 3443 5400 5603 500 311 111 0 0 0 500 48 111
7 Maximum Live load 1.50 3462 6750 7356 0 0 0 3462 6750 7356 606 554 372 0 0 0 762 519 415
Combination - 1 11267 19601 20997 0 0 0 10511 18899 20255 1878 1413 762 0 0 0 1878 1029 772

4.2.2 Basic Combination (Temperature leading)

Partial
factor
2 Deck Slab 1.35 3443 5400 5603 0 0 0 3443 5400 5603 500 311 111 0 0 0 500 48 111
7 Maximum Live load 2654 5175 5639 0 0 0 2654 5175 5639 464 425 285 0 0 0 584 398 318
1.15
Combination - 2 10459 18026 19281 0 0 0 9703 17324 18538 1736 1284 675 0 0 0 1700 908 675
4.3 Summary of Forces for Serviceability Limit State

As per Table B.3 of IRC:6-2017 for checking the serviceability stresses, the partial safety factor for loads shown are adopted.
4.3.1. Rare Combination (Live laod leading)
Partial
factor
2 Deck Slab 1.00 2550 4000 4150 0 0 0 2550 4000 4150 370 230 82 0 0 0 370 36 82
Combination - 3 8024 13896 14874 0 0 0 7464 13376 14324 1334 997 533 0 0 0 1323 715 537

4.3.2. Rare Combination (Temperature leading)

Partial
factor
2 Deck Slab 1.00 2550 4000 4150 0 0 0 2550 4000 4150 370 230 82 0 0 0 370 36 82
Combination - 4 7447 12771 13648 0 0 0 6887 12251 13098 1233 905 471 0 0 0 1196 628 468
4.3.3. Quasi-Perm Combination

Partial
Sl. No. Description safety 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd 1st 2nd
L/2 L/2 L/2 deff deff deff
factor Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice Splice
2 Deck Slab 1.00 2550 4000 4150 0 0 0 2550 4000 4150 370 230 82 0 0 0 370 36 82
Combination - 5 5716 9396 9970 0 0 0 5156 8876 9420 930 628 285 0 0 0 815 369 260
CONSTRUCTION OF 05 (FIVE) NOS. DOUBLE LANE RCC BRIDGE ON ROAD BETWEEN SANGRAM TO NYAPIN PH-1 UNDER Document
RIDF-XXIV
Date
No.

5.0 Shrinkage Calculations
5.1 OUTER GIRDER

Thickness of Deck slab = 0.23 m
Grade of Concrete of Deck Slab = 35 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel = 200000 Mpa
Shrinkage Co-efficient = 0.0002 (IRC 6-2014 Cl 217.3)
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete (Long Term) Kc.Ec = 16000 Mpa (IRC 22-2015 clause 604.3)
Modular Ratio, m (long-term) Es/(Kc.Ec) = 12.50
2.500
0.625
0.230
0.028
1.968 0.020
Ycg
0.040
0.675
Component A y Ay Ay2 Io Io + Ay2

Deck Slab 0.0460 2.0830 0.0958 0.1996 0.0025 0.2021
Top Flange 0.0175 1.9540 0.0342 0.0668 0.0000 0.0668
Web 0.0380 0.9840 0.0374 0.0368 0.0114 0.0482
Rect. Bottom Flange 0.0270 0.0200 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Summations SA SAy SAy2 SIo S(Io + Ay2)

Composite Section 0.1285 0.1679 0.3032 0.0140 0.3172
Girder Only 0.0825 0.0721 0.1036 0.0114 0.1151
Section Properties of Composite Section

2
Area SA = 0.1285 m
Distance of cg from bottom fibre (Y) Y =S(A.y) / SA = 1.3070 m
4
Moment of inertia of Composite Girder (Iz) = S(Io+A.y2)-SA.Y2 = 0.0140 m
Axial stress due to shrinkage = 3.20 MPa

Axial Force due to Shrinkage = 1840 KN
Eccentricity of Force = 0.776 m
Moment about cg of Composite Girder due to Shrinkage Force = 1428 KN-m
Bending stress at Top of Concrete = -0.99 MPa

Bending stress at Interface of Conc and Steel = -11.20 MPa
Bending stress at the bottom of steel = 19.92 MPa
Axial Stress = -15.23 MPa
Total Stress at the Top of deck -16.22 MPa (Compression)

Total Stress at the Interface of Conc and Steel = -26.43 MPa (Compression)
Total Stress at the Bottom of Steel = 4.69 MPa (Tension)
Level Marked in Load Permissible

Total Stress
C/s stresses
DL SIDL LL Shrinkage
Steel, top -182 -33 -34 -26 -275 -345 Hence OK
Steel, bot 146 59 97 5 307 345 Hence OK
CONSTRUCTION OF 05 (FIVE) NOS. DOUBLE LANE RCC BRIDGE ON ROAD BETWEEN SANGRAM TO NYAPIN PH-1 UNDER Document
RIDF-XXIV
Date
No.

5.2 INNER GIRDER

Thickness of Deck slab = 0.23 m
Grade of Concrete of Deck Slab = 35 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel = 200000 Mpa
Shrinkage Co-efficient = 0.0002 (IRC 6-2014 Cl 217.3)
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete (Long Term) Kc.Ec = 16000 Mpa (IRC 22-2015 clause 604.3)
Modular Ratio, m (long-term) Es/(Kc.Ec) = 12.50
2.500
0.625
0.230
0.028
1.968 0.020
Ycg
0.040
0.675
Component A y Ay Ay2 Io Io + Ay2

Deck Slab 0.0460 2.0830 0.0958 0.1996 0.0025 0.2021
Top Flange 0.0175 1.9540 0.0342 0.0668 0.0000 0.0668
Web 0.0380 0.9840 0.0374 0.0368 0.0114 0.0482
Rect. Bottom Flange 0.0270 0.0200 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Summations SA SAy SAy2 SIo S(Io + Ay2)

Composite Section 0.1285 0.1679 0.3032 0.0140 0.3172
Girder Only 0.0825 0.0721 0.1036 0.0114 0.1151
Section Properties of Composite Section

2
Area SA = 0.129 m
Distance of cg from bottom fibre (Y) Y =S(A.y) / SA = 1.307 m
4
Moment of inertia of Composite Girder (Iz) = S(Io+A.y2)-SA.Y2 = 0.014 m
Axial stress due to shrinkage = 3.20 MPa

Axial Force due to Shrinkage = 1840 KN
Eccentricity of Force = 0.776 m
Moment about cg of Composite Girder due to Shrinkage Force = 1428 KN-m
Bending stress at Top of Concrete = -0.99 MPa

Bending stress at Interface of Conc and Steel = -11.20 MPa
Bending stress at the bottom of steel = 19.92 MPa
Axial Stress = -15.23 MPa
Total Stress at the Top of deck -16.22 MPa (Compression)

Total Stress at the Interface of Conc and Steel = -26.43 MPa (Compression)
Total Stress at the Bottom of Steel = 4.69 MPa (Tension)
Level Marked in Load Permissible

Total Stress
C/s stresses
DL SIDL LL Shrinkage
Steel, top -182 -39 -34 -26 -281 -345 Hence OK
Steel, bott 146 69 97 5 317 345 Hence OK
Document
CONSTRUCTION OF 05 (FIVE) NOS. DOUBLE LANE RCC BRIDGE ON ROAD BETWEEN SANGRAM TO NYAPIN PH-1 UNDER RIDF-XXIV Date
No.

In this case, it is assumed that the super-structure is free to translate in the longitudinal direction and that the steel and concrete have
the same co-efficient of thermal expansion, so that uniform changes of temperature cause no stresses in the superstructure. Thus, only
the effects of temperature differences through the depth of cross section is considered. The temperature stresses are obtained by
Eigen Stresses as per Chap-30 of the book by V K Raina
6.0 Differential Temperature Calculations

6.1 OUTER GIRDER
Short Term Properties
Total Height of the Superstructure h = 2.198 m
C.G. of Girder from bottom Yb = 1.458 m
M.O.I. of the Section I = 0.1102 m4
Area of the Section A = 0.1592 m2
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel Es = 2.00E+05 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete Ec = 32000 Mpa
o
Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete α = 1.20E-05 C
Modular Ratio (Short Term) m = 7.500
Section Modulus at the top of Slab ZTS = 1.117 m3
Section Modulus at the top of Girder ZTG = 0.216 m3
Section Modulus at the bottom of Girder ZBG = 0.076 m3
2500 (IRC:6 - 2014 Fig. 10(b))

625 65 mm thick wearing course
1 Y 18.75 °C 5.12 °C
138
230
2
92 4.00 °C 0.0 °C
28 3.25 °C 0.0 °C
372 3.02 °C 0.6 °C
28
3 4
X X
20 0 °C 8 °C
1968
1900
ý
40
675 Temperature Rise Case Temperature Fall Case

Y
COMPUTATION OF STRESSES DUE TO RISE IN TEMPERATURE
Area (A) of
equivalent y (From top) ΔT (Rise
ZONE
steel sec (in Ay (in m 3) Ay2 (in m4) αAΔT αAΔTy
(in m) Case)
m2)
1 0.046 0.0690 0.0032 0.0002 11.38 6.28E-06 4.33E-07

2 0.0307 0.1840 0.0056 0.0010 3.63 1.33E-06 2.46E-07
3 0.0175 0.2440 0.0043 0.0010 3.14 6.59E-07 1.61E-07
4 0.0074 0.4440 0.0033 0.0015 1.51 1.35E-07 5.99E-08
SUM 0.1016067 0.9410 0.0164 0.0038 8.41E-06 9.00E-07
Thus,
e0 1.484E-04
q 4.070E-04 rad./m
Eigen Stresses : fei = Ec ( at + yq - eo )

At top of slab At bottom of slab
y= 0m y= 0.23 m
t= 18.75 °C t= 3.25 °C
at= 2.25E-04 at= 3.90E-05
EIGEN STRESSES = -2.45 MPa EIGEN STRESSES = 3.15 MPa
Document
No.

COMPUTATION OF STRESSES DUE TO FALL IN TEMPERATURE

Area (A) of
equivalent y (From top)
ZONE
steel sec (in Ay (in m 3) Ay2 (in m4) ΔT (Fall Case) αAΔT αAΔTy
(in m)
m2)
1 0.046 0.0690 0.0032 0.0002 -2.56 -1.41E-06 -9.75E-08

2 0.0307 0.1840 0.0056 0.0010 0.00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
3 0.0175 0.2440 0.0043 0.0010 -0.28 -5.88E-08 -1.43E-08
4 0.0074 0.4440 0.0033 0.0015 -4.00 -3.57E-07 -1.59E-07
5 0.0300 1.3800 0.0414 0.0571 -8.00 -2.88E-06 -3.97E-06
6 0.0270 2.1500 0.0581 0.1248 -8.00 -2.59E-06 -5.57E-06
SUM 0.1586 4.471 0.1158 0.1857 -7.30E-06 -9.82E-06
Thus,
e0 -1.363E-05
q 4.436E-05 rad./m

At top of slab At bottom of slab At bottom of girder
y= 0m y= 0.23 m y= 2.20 m
t= -5.12 °C t= 0.00 °C t= -8.00 °C
at= -6.1E-05 at= 0.0E+00 at= -9.6E-05
EIGEN STRESSES = 1.53 MPa EIGEN STRESSES = -4.77 MPa EIGEN STRESSES = -3.03 MPa
6.2 INNER GIRDER

Short Term Properties
Total Height of the Superstructure h = 2.198 m
C.G. of Girder from bottom Yb = 1.458 m
M.O.I. of the Section I = 0.110 m4
Area of the Section A = 0.1592 m2
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel Es = 2.00E+05 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity of Concrete Ec = 32000 Mpa
o
Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete α = 1.20E-05 C
Modular Ratio (Short Term) m = 7.5
Section Modulus at the top of Slab ZTS = 1.117 m3
Section Modulus at the top of Girder ZTG = 0.216 m3
Section Modulus at the bottom of Girder ZBG = 0.076 m3
2500 (IRC:6 - 2014 Fig. 10(b))

625 62 mm thick wearing course
1 Y 18.8 °C 5.1 °C
138
230
2
92 4.00 °C 0.0 °C
28 3.25 °C 0.0 °C
372 3.02 °C 0.6 °C
28
3 4
X X
20 0 °C 8 °C
1968
1900
ý
40
675 Temperature Rise Case Temperature Fall Case

Y
Document
No.

COMPUTATION OF STRESSES DUE TO RISE IN TEMPERATURE

Area (A) of
equivalent y (From top) ΔT (Rise
ZONE
steel sec (in Ay (in m 3) Ay2 (in m4) αAΔT αAΔTy
(in m) Case)
m2)
1 0.046 0.0690 0.0032 0.0002 11.38 6.28E-06 4.33E-07

2 0.0307 0.1840 0.0056 0.0010 3.63 1.33E-06 2.46E-07
3 0.0175 0.2440 0.0043 0.0010 3.14 6.59E-07 1.61E-07
4 0.0074 0.4440 0.0033 0.0015 1.51 1.35E-07 5.99E-08
SUM 0.1016 0.9410 0.0164 0.0038 8.41E-06 9.00E-07
Thus,
e0 1.484E-04
q 4.070E-04 rad./m

At top of slab At bottom of slab
y= 0m y= 0.23 m
t= 18.75 °C t= 3.25 °C
at= 2.25E-04 at= 3.90E-05
EIGEN STRESSES = -2.45 MPa EIGEN STRESSES = 3.15 MPa
COMPUTATION OF STRESSES DUE TO FALL IN TEMPERATURE

Area (A) of
equivalent y (From top)
ZONE
steel sec (in Ay (in m 3) Ay2 (in m4) ΔT (Fall Case) αAΔT αAΔTy
(in m)
m2)
1 0.046 0.0690 0.0032 0.0002 -2.56 -1.41E-06 -9.75E-08

2 0.0306667 0.1840 0.0056 0.0010 0.00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
3 0.0175 0.2440 0.0043 0.0010 -0.28 -5.88E-08 -1.43E-08
4 0.00744 0.4440 0.0033 0.0015 -4.00 -3.57E-07 -1.59E-07
5 0.0300 1.3800 0.0414 0.0571 -8.00 -2.88E-06 -3.97E-06
6 0.0270 2.1500 0.0581 0.1248 -8.00 -2.59E-06 -5.57E-06
SUM 0.1586 4.471 0.1158 0.1857 -7.30E-06 -9.82E-06
Thus,
e0 -1.363E-05
q 4.436E-05 rad./m

At top of slab At bottom of slab At bottom of girder
y= 0m y= 0.23 m y= 2.20 m
t= -5.12 °C t= 0.00 °C t= -8.00 °C
at= -6.1E-05 at= 0.0E+00 at= -9.6E-05
EIGEN STRESSES = 1.53 MPa EIGEN STRESSES = -4.77 MPa EIGEN STRESSES = -3.03 MPa
DESIGN OF INNER AND OUTER PLATE GIRDER

7.0 DESIGN STAGE

Max Bending Moment of girder of composite section (outer) = 20997 kNm
Max Bending Moment of girder of composite section (Inner) = 20255 kNm
Max Shear force for composite section = 1878 kN
PROPORTIONING OF DIFFERENT COMPONENTS
1). Dimensioning of the Web

Assuming the girder is laterally supported throughout the span i.e. stiffeners are provided.
Assuming the Thickness of the web tweb = 20 mm
Yield stress of web fy = 390 Mpa
Max perm. bending stress sbct = 345 Mpa
Partial safety factor for material 1.10
Average Shear Stress = 0.35 x fy

= 0.35 x 390 = 136.5 MPa
Min overall depth = L = 47000 = 1880 mm

25 25
Overall depth Provide inclusive deck slab = 2198 mm Hence OK
Assuming Thk. of the Top Flange Plate-1 = 28 mm

Assuming Thk. of the Bottom Flange Plate-1 = 40 mm
Assuming Thk. of the Bottom Flange Plate-2 = 0
Therefor Depth of the Web Plate = 1900 mm
Assuming a web plate of size = 1900 x 20 mm
Assume Spacing of Stiffener = C = 1800 mm
Minimum web thickness of member
(a) Minimum web thickness for serviceability requirement (IRC 24-2010, clause 509.6)
Case (WEB CONNECTED TO FLANGE ALONG BOTH LONGITUDINAL EDGES)
Conditions TRANSVERSE STIFFENER
Minimum web thickness requirement 11.25 0.74d<=C<d
(b) Minimum web thickness of compression flange buckling requirement
Case WHEN THE TRANSVERSE STIFFNESS ARE PROVIDED
Minimum thickness of web require 8.4 C>=1.5d Hence OK
DESIGN STAGE I
Assuming that the bending moment is carried by the flanges

Approximate Area of flanges required
2
Af = Mz * γmo = 2655 mm
fy * D
Area of flange provided = = 17500 mm2

2
> 2655 mm Hence OK

CHECK FOR DESIGN STRENGTH IN BENDING
V (factored design shear force) = 1878 kN

0.6Vd (design shear strength) = 4662 kN (Using simple post critical method)
CONDITION: V < 0.6Vd
1878 < 4662
Design bending strength of the section

Md=βb*Zp*fy/γo < 1.2*Ze*fy /γmo
= 25412 kNm < 30495 kNm Hence OK Clause 509.2.1.2
Also, Md ≥ Mz
Md(design bending strength of the section) ≥ Mz(maximum bending moment)
25412 kNm > 20997 kNm
HENCE SAFE TO CARRY APPLIED MOMENT
CHECK FOR THE THICKNESS OF WEB FROM SHEAR CONSIDERATION -

2). FLANGE -
Assuming the followng Flange elements

Top Flange Area -
I)Top Plate-1 625 x 28 = 17500 mm2
2) Top Plate-2 0 x 0 = 0 mm2
II).
2
S Af = 17500 mm
2
> 2655 mm Hence OK
Bottom Flange Area -
2
I)Top Plate-1 675 x 40 = 27000 mm
2
2) Top Plate-2 0 x 0 = 0 mm
II).
2
S Af = 27000 mm
Therefore distance of N.A. from top fibre , yt = 1091 mm
Ixx = 5.205E+10 mm4

yb = D - yt
= 1968 - 1091
= 877 mm
Stress at top fibre = M/Zt = 3.06E+09

4.77E+07
= 64 Mpa
< 345 Mpa
Hence OK
Stress at bottom fiber = M/Zb = 3.06E+09
5.93E+07
= 52 Mpa
< 345 Mpa
Hence OK

Assuming y1 is the distance of equal area axis from top

625 X 28 + (yt- 28 )X 20
= 41250 mm2
yt = 1216 mm
yb = 753 mm
Now distance of centroid of area above equal axis

y1 = 852 mm
y2 = 603 mm
Plastic section modulus

Zp = A ( y1+y2) = 59981875 mm3
2
CHECK FOR THE LOCAL CAPACITY OF THE SECTION Table 2 -IRC 24-10
b1 = 302.5 mm
b2 = 327.5 mm
Yield stress ratio for flanges ε sqrt(250/fy) = 0.81
Yield stress ratio for web ε sqrt(250/fy) = 0.80
Top flange ratio b1/tf1 = 10.8 SEMI COMPACT
Bottom flange ratio b2/tf2 = 8.2 SEMI COMPACT
Web ratio d/tw = 95.0 SEMI COMPACT
Condition WEB NEED STIFFNING AND WEB BUCKLING NEED TO BE CHECKED. clause 509.4.2.1
d/tw >67ε √(Kv/5.35)
Design of Intermediate transverse web stiffeners
When only transverse stiffener are provided

( in webs connected to flanges along both logitudinal edges)
condition 0.74d<=C<d clause 509.6

assume C= spacing of transverse stiffener
d=depth of the web
Now, d = 1900 mm
3*d = 5700 mm
assume C = 1800 mm
CHECK FOR MINIMUM STIFFENERS CL-509.7.2.4
c/d = 0.95 < √2 (c/d <√2 )

Imin = minimum moment of inertia required
Imin 1.5 xd3xtw3/c2 = 5.55E+07 mm4
Let a single stiffener on only one side of the web is provided

ts = Thickness of the plate Stiffener = 16 mm
a = Outstand = 200 mm
Moment of inertia about face of the web

ts x a3 = 8.53E+07 mm4
3
The stiffener has more than the minimum required stiffness


PLAN
200 mm
Hence, provide 200 mm x 16 mm

as a vertical web stiffener
16 200
CHECK FOR OUTSTAND CLAUSE 509.7.1.2
Outstand of the stiffener a = 200 mm

Check 14tqε = 179 mm
a > 14tqε Hence OK
Buckling resistance of the intermediate transverse stiffeners C- 509.7.1.5

Design as a strut
The effective length of web equal to 20*tw on each side of the centre line of stiffener can be considered
along with the stiffener
20tw = 400 mm
MI about centre line of the stiffener

= 30764927 + 266667
= 31031593 mm4
Area = Area of stiffener + 8000
= 10869 mm2
rx=radius of gyration = I = 53.4 mm

A
effective length from clause 509.7.1.5
L ef = 0.7L = 1330 mm
Slenderness ratio, λ = L ef = 24.89

rx
Buckling class = c from table 4 IRC 24-2010
f cd = 293 N/mm2 from table 6C IRC 24-2010
Design Buckling resistance, Fqd = 3181 KN
Buckling check on intermediate transverse stiffeners without using tension field action
Fq = V - Vcr
γmo clause 509.7.2.5
V= factored shear force adjacent to the stiffener

Vcr=shear buckling resistance of the web panel designed using tension field method
V = 1878 KN
Vcr = 7771 KN

Fq = -5357 KN < 3181 kN

Stiffener is Safe in Buckling
USING TENSION FIELD METHOD CL- 509.4.2.2 (b)

Vn = nominal shear resistance
Vn=Vtf
τb = Buckling strength
fv= Yield strength of the tensile field
φ = inclination of the tensile field
wtf= width of the tensile field
fyw= yield stress of the web
d= depth of the web
τb= shear stress corresponding to buckling of the web
Sc,St= anchorage lengths of tension field along the compression and tension flange respectively,
Mfr= reduced plastic moment capacity of the respective flange plate
fyf= yield stress of the flange
fv
φ = 0.81 radians
2
Ψ = 306 N/mm
Nf=axial force in the flange, due to overall bending in comp flange

M = 10891 KN
(d+Tf)
Reduced plastic moment of the compression flange plate
Mfr
= -1.05E+08 N mm
Anchorage length along

tension field of comp flange Sc = 319 <= 1800 Hence OK
Axial force Nf in tension flange = 10823 KN

Reduced plastic moment of the tension flange
Anchorage length along Mfr = 0.00E+00 Nmm
Tension field of tension flange St = 0 <= 1800 Hence OK
Width of the tension field
w ft
= 2382 mm
fv (Yield strength of tension field)
= 41 N/mm2
V tf = 9040 KN

CHECK FOR SHEAR
Shear resistance of the web using SIMPLE POST CRITICAL METHOD

Calculation for τb
poisson's ratio = 0.30
yield stress of the web= 390 Mpa
λw = 1.05
Kv = 4.0+5.35/(c/d)^2 = 10.0
τcr,e = 204.5 N/mm2
Now,
For λw ≥ 1.2 τb = fyw/(√3λw2)
τb = 204 N/mm2
Shear force corresponding to web buckling, Vcr = dtwτb = 7771 kN
Plastic Shear resistance, Vp = Avfyw/ √3 = 7779 kN
CONDITION STRENGTH OF THE WEB AS GOVERNED BY THE SHEAR BUCKLING clause 509.4
METHOD SIMPLE POST CRITICAL MEHOD =

SHEAR RESISTANCE = 7771 >= 1878 Hence OK
Shear Table
Allowable Actual Safety
PLASTIC SHEAR RESISTANCE 7779 kN 1878 kN SAFE
SIMPLE POST CRITICAL MEHOD 7771 kN 1878 kN SAFE
TENSION FIELD METHOD 9040 kN 1878 kN SAFE
Welding Requirements for Stiffener
Shear force on welds connecting the stiffener to web (q1) = t2w CL- 509.7.2.6
5bs
tw = thickness of the web
bs = outstand width of the stiffener
shear force = 400 N/mm
The shear strength of the fillet weld (P) = Pq . L . t

= Pq . t N/mm
Assume size of fillet weld = 6 mm
Pq=permissible stress in fillet weld = 199 Mpa
P = 846 N/mm
The welding is done on both faces, then the weld length per meter length of plate
The required length of the weld for 1000mm length on each side
= 400 x 1000
2 x 846 240 mm/1000 mm length
DESIGN OF BEARING STIFFENERS
Check For the Need of a Stiffener clause 509.7.4
Assume width of the bearing plate at the support = 800 mm

Assume size of bearing = 600 mm
Stiff bearing length b 1 = 350 mm

Dispersion length (1:2.5) slope = 100 mm

Maximum Reaction = 1878 kN
Local capacity of the web
Fw = (b1+n2)twfyw = 3191 kN
γmo > 1878 kN
No need to provide bearing stiffener
Design of stiffener
Try 2 Plates 150 mm wide 12 mm thick as a stiffener
Check for outstand

Maximum outstand of stiffener 20tqε = 195 mm > 150 mm
Hence OK
14tqε = 136 mm < 150 mm
Hence OK
Check for buckling

Local buckling resistance
Area = 3600 + 8000 = 11600 mm2 clause 509.7.1.5
Least moment of inertia

neglecting the buckling resistance of the web
Ix = 27000000 + 266667 = 27266667 mm4
radius of gyration ( r) = sqrt(I x /A) = 48 mm
slenderness ratio ( λ ) = L eff /r = 27.43

from table 4
f cd from table = 287 N/mm2 from table 6C
Buckling resistance = 3330 kN > 1878 kN

Stiffener is safe
DESIGN OF JOINT BETWEEN FLANGE AND WEB

Assuming fillet weld on each side of the web
Assuming size of the fillet weld = 6 mm

Permissible strength of the fillet weld = 199 N/mm2
The shear strength of fillet weld P = Pq.L.t

(where, t= throat thickness) = Pq .t N/mm
= 846 N/mm
First moment of area of top flange plate @ C.G. is

Q = 625 x 28 x ( 1091 - 14 ) = 1.9.E+07 mm3
The Shear flow

q = V .Q
I
= 1878 X 18846970 X 1000
52050512424
= 680 N/mm
Providing 6 mm fillet weld whose strength is 846 N/mm

be used at both faces, then the required length of weld for 1000 mm length of girder is,

weld length = 680 X 1000

2 X 846
= 405 mm/1000 mm length
Hence OK
First moment of area of bottom flange plate @ C.G is

Q = 675 x 40 x ( 877 - 20 ) = 2.3.E+07 mm3
The Shear flow

q = V .Q
I
= 1878.04 X 2.3.E+07 X 1000
5.205E+10
= 834.91 N/mm
providing 6 mm fillet weld whose strength is 846 N/mm

weld length = 834.91 X 1000

2 X 846.06
Hence OK
Design for Fatigue Limit: (IRC 22: 2015)

The actual normal and shear stress range "f " and "τ " at any point of the strucuture subjected to Nsc cycles in life shall satisfy
γ mft (Table 5, IRC 22-2015) = 1.35 (Non-Fail-Safe) IRC 22-2015,Table 3 Pg 27

f =< 27/γmft = 20 MPa
satisfy the following:
f <= f fd = μ r f f / γ mft (normal /flexure stress) IRC 22:2015 Clause 605.4 Pg. 34
τ <= τ fd = μ r τ f / γ mft (shear stress)
where,
μr = capacity reduction factor for fillet or butt joint IRC 22-2015, Clause 605.2 Pg 26
= (25 / tp)0.25 <= 1.0 (for plate thickness tp greater than 25 mm) ,
ff ,τf = normal and shear fatigue stress ranges for the actual life cycle, Nsc,
tp = actual thickness in mm of the thicker plate being joined.
For normal stress range,

ff = f fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/3 when, Nsc <= 5 x 106
= f fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/5 when, 5 x 106 <= Nsc <= 1 x 108
For shear stress range,
τf = τ fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/5
f fn , τ fn = normal and shear fatigue strength of the detail for 5 x 106 cycles, for the detail category as per
IRC 22-2015 Table 4 through Table 6
Note: Partial safety factor for "loads" in the evaluation of stress range in fatigue design shall be taken as 1.0
Thickness of Bottom flange plate = 40 mm

Thickness of Top Flange plate = 28 mm
Thickness of Web = 20 mm
μr (Bottom flange plate) = 0.89 (tp > 25 mm)
μr (Top Flange plate) = 0.97 (tp > 25 mm)
μr (Web Plate) = 1.06 (tp > 25 mm)
Number of stress cycles, Nsc = 2000000
For Welded Plate I-Section and Box girder with Continuous automatic longitudinal fillet welds carried out from both sides
and all welds not having un-repaired stop start position Detail Category 92 is referred of IRC:22-2015 , Table 5, Page 28
τ fn , f fn = 92 MPa
.`. f f = f fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/3 =92×(5×10^6/2.00E+06)^(1/3) = 125 MPa
.`. τ f = τ fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/5 =92×(5×10^6/2.00E+06)^(1/5) = 111 MPa
Design Bending fatigue strength, ffd = μ r f f / γ mft = 82 MPa

Design Shear fatigue strength, τfd = μ r τ f / γ mft = 73 MPa

Evaluation of Actual shear stress range (LL with impact):

4
Moment of Inertia of Cross-section for Short Term Loading = 1.102E+11 mm
Ybottom of Section = 1,458 mm
Ytop of Section = 510 mm
Maximum Bending Moment in Section (Live Load Only Considered) = 2158 kNm (Fatigue truck = 12+14+14 = 40T)
(Proportioned to 40/100*1.1)
Maximum Shear Force in Section = 223 kN
Shear Stress in Section = 5.9 MPa OK

Bending Stress in Top flange of Section = 10.0 MPa OK
Bending Stress in Bottom flange of Section = 28.6 MPa OK
As the stresses are sufficiently below the permissible limits, the fatigue assessment is not required.
SECTION CHECK LAUNCHING STAGE

For launching of girder, girder is check for stresses due to B.M only
Mcr = 2450521726 Nmm Calculated under "Check for Torsional Buckling

β*Zp = 47710319 Nmm Resistance(Construction Stage-Girder launching)"
Perm. bending comp stresses at launching stage,fcr,b = 51 Mpa
Perm. bending tensile stresses at launching stage = 355 Mpa
Description Section Girder

DL
M (kNm) 624
σΓ (Mpa) Girder 13.1
Status At L/2 OK
σb (Mpa) Girder 10.5
Status OK
M (kNm) 586
Status At 3L/8 OK
Status OK
M (kNm) 365
Status At L/4 OK
Status OK
(GREEN CONCRETE STAGE)
CONSTRUCTION OF 05 (FIVE) NOS. DOUBLE LANE RCC BRIDGE ON ROAD BETWEEN SANGRAM TO NYAPIN PH-1 UNDER RIDF-
XXIV
Document No. Date

8.0 DESIGN STAGE (GREEN CONCRETE STAGE)

BENDING MOMENT SUMMARY
(i.e. Green concrete stage ) : -
Moment of Interia of the Girder only section
INITIAL STRESS
Stresses at top fibre due to self weight of girder (ULS) = 64 Mpa
Stresses at Bottom fibre due to self weight of girder (ULS) = 52 Mpa
Max Bending Moment due to green concrete weight = 5603 kNm
Area of girder only section = 82500 mm2

Distance of N.A. from top fibre(Yt) = 1091 mm
Distance of NA from bottom Fibre(Yb) = D - Yt
= 1968 - 1091
Yb = 877 mm
Zt = 47710319 mm3
Zb = 59348591 mm3
Iyy = 1596084375 mm4
ryy = 139 mm
Actual bending compressive stress
Modulus of elasticity E = 200000 Mpa

Effective length for lateral torsional buckling LLT = 6.43 m
Centre to Centre distance between flanges hf = 2.50 m
Thickness of the flange tf = 0.028 m
αLT for welded section αLT = 0.49
cl-509.2.2-IRC 24-2010
fcr,b = 1023 Mpa
Permissible bending compressive stress IRC24-2010/ Table-10B = 270 Mpa

Permissible bending tensile stress = 355 Mpa
Bending compressive stress at top of the girder just after laying concrete at top
= M = 117 Mpa
Zt
Total stress after laying concrete at top = 182 MPa
< 270
Hence OK
Bending Tensile stress at bottom of the girder just after laying concrete at top
= M = 94 Mpa
Zb
Total Stress after laying concrete at top = 146 MPa
< 355
Hence OK
CONSTRUCTION OF 05 (FIVE) NOS. DOUBLE LANE RCC BRIDGE ON ROAD BETWEEN SANGRAM TO NYAPIN PH-1 Document
UNDER RIDF-XXIV No. Date

Check for Torsional Buckling Resistance(Construction Stage-Girder launching) :
f LT = 0.5 *( 1+aLT ( l LT - 0.2) + lLT2)

a LT = 0.21 for rolled section
0.49 for welded section
b b = 1 for plastic and compact section
= Ze/ Zp for semi compact section
Zp = Plastic sectional modulus about compression flange
E = 200000 Mpa
fy = 380 Mpa
γm = 1.1
hf = Center to center distance of flange
tf = Thickness of top flange
LLT = Effective length for lateral tortional buckling
Mcr = Elastic lateral buckling moment
l LT = Non-dimentional slenderness ratio
l LT = Ö bb Zp fy / Mcr
Mp = Zp *fy /ym
gm = 1.1
Mp = Plastic bending moment
Zp = A/2 (y1 + y2)
Ze = I/y
Plastic Section Modulus (same throughout span):

Location of PNA (plastic neutral axis):
A C, A T = Area of steel in compression and tension

yC , y T = Distance of compression and tension area from PNA
PNA from top of girder 1216 mm
PNA from bot of girder 753 mm
Steel Girder section Compression Tension
Area y from top yC Area y from bot yT
2 2
m m m m m m
Flange area 17500 14 27000 20
Web area 23750 622 14250 396
Total 41250 364 852 41250 150 603

ZP 59981875
Properties of steel girder
Properties Steel
Long_girder L/8 2L/8 3L/8 Mid span
A (in mm2) 82500 82500 82500 82500
4
Ix (in mm )
Iy (in mm4) 1596084375 1596084375 1596084375 1596084375
4
Iz (in mm ) 52050512424 52050512424 52050512424 52050512424
yt (in mm ) 1091 1091 1091 1091
yb (in mm ) 877 877 877 877
ry (in mm ) 139 139 139 139
rz (in mm ) 794 794 794 794
Class of compression flange Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact)
Class of web Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact)
Class of section Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact)
Type of connection Welded section Welded section Welded section Welded section
a LT 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49
Ze 47710319.1 47710319.1 47710319.1 47710319.1
Zp 59981875.0 59981875.0 59981875.0 59981875.0
bb 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80
hf 1934 1934 1934 1934
tf 28 28 28 28
LLT 41000 41000 41000 41000
Elastic critical moment of a section symmetrical about minor axis
From Table C.1 For simply supported conditions
Kw = 1 (Warping Restraint factor)

K = 1 (Effective length factor)
c1 = 1.132 (Factors depending upon the
c2 = 0.459 loading and end restraint
c3 = 0.525 conditions)
yg = 165 mm distance between shear center and point of load
G= = 77000 Mpa modulus of rigidity
Calculations of shear center
625
28 V1
e
20
P 1968
1900
z 0
0 0
40 V2
0
675
P = force at shear center

V1 = shear force at upper flange of the section
V2 = shear force at lower flange of the section
The max shear flow in the lower flange of the section
= VAz/Iy where V=P

= Px 13500 x 168.75
2E+09
= 0.00143 P
Since the shear flows varies parabolically in the flanges
= 2x 675 x 0.00143 P
3
= 0.642 P
Taking moments about a point on the line of the action of V1
Pe = V2h = 0.64 P x 1934

e = 1242.2 mm
The warping constant
Iw = (1- bf) bf Iyhy2
Ifc = Moments of inertia of the compression flanges
Ift = Moments of inertia of the tension flanges
Ifc = 6E+08 mm^4

Ift = 1E+09 mm^4
hy = distance between shear centers of the two flanges
= 2E+03 mm
bf = Ifc = 0.357
Ifc+Ift
Iw = 1E+15 mm^6
For plane flanges
Yj = 0.8(2 bf - 1)hy/2.0 (when bf>0.5)
= 1.0(2 bf - 1)hy/2.0 (when bf<=0.5)
= -276
Torsional constant
It = 625 x 21952 + 1900 x 8000
3 3
+ 675 x 64000
3
= 2E+07 mm^4
Mcr = 2E+06 x( 1377.04 - 220.836 )

= 2E+09 Nmm
Mp 16481746615
l LT 2.720
f LT 4.817
XLT 0.114
Mpl(buckl) (N-mm) 1874700629
Mpl(buckl) (t-m) 187
Design bending moment(SWt.) 136
Design bending moment OK
CONSTRUCTION OF 05 (FIVE) NOS. DOUBLE LANE RCC BRIDGE ON ROAD BETWEEN SANGRAM TO NYAPIN Document
PH-1 UNDER RIDF-XXIV No. Date

Check for Torsional Buckling Resistance(Construction Stage-Deck casting) :
f LT = 0.5*( 1+aLT ( l LT - 0.2) + lLT2)

a LT = 0.21 for rolled section
0.49 for welded section
b b = 1 for plastic and compact section
= Ze/ Zp for semi compact section
Zp = Plastic sectional modulus about compression flange
E = 200000 Mpa
fy = 380 Mpa
gm = 1.1
hf = Center to center distance of flange
tf = Thickness of top flange
LLT = Effective length for lateral tortional buckling
Mcr = Elastic lateral buckling moment
l LT = Non-dimentional slenderness ratio
l LT = Ö bb Zp fy / Mcr
Mp = Zp *fy /ym
gm = 1.1
Mp = Plastic bending moment
Zp = A/2 (y1 + y2)
Ze = I/y
Properties of steel girder

Properties Steel
Long_girder L/8 2L/8 3L/8 Mid span
A (in mm2) 82500 82500 82500 82500
4
Ix (in mm )
Iy (in mm4) 1596084375 1596084375 1596084375 1596084375
Iz (in mm4) 5.21E+10 5.21E+10 5.21E+10 5.21E+10
yt (in mm ) 1091 1091 1091 1091
yb (in mm ) 877 877 877 877
ry (in mm ) 139 139 139 139
rz (in mm ) 794 794 794 794
Class of compression flange Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact)
Class of web Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact)
Class of section Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact) Class-3(Semi-compact)
Type of connection Welded section Welded section Welded section Welded section
a LT 0.49 0.49 0.49 0.49
Ze 47710319.15 47710319.15 47710319.15 47710319.15
Zp 59981875.0 59981875.0 59981875.0 59981875.0
bb 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80
hf 1934 1934 1934 1934
tf 28 28 28 28
LLT 5400 5400 5400 5400
Elastic critical moment of a section symmetrical about minor axis
From Table C.1 For simply supported conditions
Kw = 1.000 (Warping Restraint factor)

K = 1.000 (Effective length factor)
c1 = 1.132 (Factors depending upon the
c2 = 0.459 loading and end restraint
c3 = 0.525 conditions)
yg = 165 mm distance between shear center and point of load
G= = 77000 Mpa modulus of rigidity
Calculations of shear center
625
28 V1
e
20
P 1968
1900
z 0
0 0
40 V2
0
675
P = force at shear center

V1 = shear force at upper flange of the section
V2 = shear force at lower flange of the section
The max shear flow in the lower flange of the section
= VAz/Iy where V=P

= Px 13500 x 168.75
2E+09
= 0.00143 P
Since the shear flows varies parabolically in the flanges
= 2x 675 x 0.00143 P
3
= 0.642 P
Taking moments about a point on the line of the action of V1
Pe = V 2h = 0.64 P x 1934
e = 1242 mm
The warping constant
Iw = (1- bf) bf Iyhy2
Ifc = Moments of inertia of the compression flanges
Ift = Moments of inertia of the tension flanges
Ifc = 6E+08 mm^4

Ift = 1E+09 mm^4
hy = distance between shear centers of the two flanges
= 2E+03 mm
bf = Ifc = 0.357
Ifc+Ift
Iw = 1E+15 mm^6
For plane flanges
Yj = 0.8(2 bf - 1)hy/2.0 (when bf>0.5)
= 1.0(2 bf - 1)hy/2.0 (when bf<=0.5)
= -276
Torsional constant
It = 625 x 21952 + 1900 x 8000
3 3
+ 675 x 64000
3
= 2E+07 mm^4
Mcr = 1E+08 x( 961.6 - 220.8 )

= 9E+10 Nmm
Mp 16481746615
l LT 0.45
f LT 0.66
XLT 0.87
Mpl(buckl) (N-mm) 14369824157
Mpl(buckl) (t-m) 1437
Design BM(SWt+Green Conc..) 718
Design bending moment OK
ULS STRESS CHECK FOR THE COMPOSITE
SECTION

9.0 CHECK FOR ULS STRESSES FOR THE COMPOSITE SECTION : -

(i.e. after casting of Deck slab) : -
Moment of Inertia of the Composite Section
Table 9-of IRC:24-2010

effective length of longitundinal girder for bending = kL
k = 1 .0 if compression flange is free at support
= 0.85 if compression flange is free at one support and partially restrained at other
= 0.7 Fully restrained at support
Effective length = 0.85 x 47.000 = 39.95 m
Radius of gyration of longitundinal girder = I = 864 mm

A
Slenderness ratio = kL = 46.2 < 120 Hence OK

r Cl: 508.5 IRC:24-2010
Calculation of stresses due to SIDL
Inner Girder
Stress at top due to dead load = 182 Mpa
Stress at bottom due to dead load = 146 Mpa
Max . Bending Moment due to SIDL = 4232 kNm
Max Bending Moment = 4232 KNm
Therefore of N.A. from Top Fibre of Deck Slab = 938 mm

Area = 120833 mm2
Izz = 9.03E+10 mm4
Distance of N.A. from top fiber of deck slab

yt = 938 mm, yb = 1260 mm
Zt = Izz = 1.27E+08 mm3

yt
Zb = Izz = 7.17E+07 mm3

yb
Stress Due to SIDL and at top of girder = 33.2 Mpa

Bending tensile stress at the bottom of the girder at mid section due to SIDL and live load
= M
Zb
= 4232.0 x 1E+06 = 59.0 Mpa
7.2E+07

Outer Girder
Stress at top due to dead load = 182 Mpa

Stress at bottom due to dead load = 146 Mpa
Max . Bending Moment due to SIDL = 4975 kN-m
Max Bending Moment = 4975 KN-m
Effective Width of Concrete Slab for Outer Girder

Area = 120833 mm2
Izz = 90283686421 mm4

yt = 938 mm, yb = 1260 mm
3
Zt = Ixx = 1.3E+08 mm
yt
Zb = Ixx = 7.17E+07 mm3
yb
Stress due to SIDL and live load at top of girder = 39 Mpa

= M (for steel section)
Zb
= 4974.5 x 1.0E+06 = 69 Mpa
7.2E+07
Calculation of stresses due to Live loads

Inner girder
Max . Bending Moment due to live load = 7356 kN-m

Max Bending Moment = 7356 kN-m

Area = 159167 mm2
Izz = 110182277772 mm4

yt = 740 mm, yb = 1458 mm
3
Zt = Ixx = 2.16E+08 mm
yt
Zb = Ixx = 7.56E+07 mm3
yb
Stress Due to SIDL and at top of girder = 34.1 Mpa

= M
Zb
= 7355.8 x 1E+06 = 97.3 Mpa
7.6E+07

Outer girder
Max . Bending Moment due to LL = 7356 KN-m

Max Bending Moment = 7356 KN-m

Area = 159167 mm2
Izz = 110182277772 mm4

yt = 740 mm, yb = 1458 mm
3
Zt = Ixx = 2.16E+08 mm
yt
Zb = Ixx = 7.56E+07 mm3
yb
Stress due to SIDL and live load at top of girder = 34 Mpa

= M
Zb
= 7356 x 1E+06 = 97 Mpa
7.6E+07
Total stresses
(Clause - 506.4.1 of IRC:24-2001)
Permissible bending compressive stress = fy/γ = 270 Mpa
Permissible tensile stress = fy/γ = 345 Mpa
Dead load(Mpa) SIDL(Mpa) Live load(Mpa) Total(mpa)

Inner At Top 182 33 34 249 Hence OK
girder At bottom 146 59 97 302 Hence OK
Outer At Top 182 39 34 255 Hence OK
girder At bottom 146 69 97 313 Hence OK
Temperature Stresses
Rising Temp. Falling Temp.
(Mpa) (Mpa)
Inner At Top 2.5 4.8
girder At bottom 0.0 3.0
Outer At Top 2.5 4.8
girder At bottom 0.0 3.0
Temp rising combination (Mpa)

Inner At Top 251 Hence Ok
girder At bottom 302 Hence OK
Outer At Top 257 Hence Ok
Temp fall combination (Mpa)

Inner At Top 254 Hence Ok
Outer At Top 260 Hence Ok
CHECK FOR DEFLECTION

10. CHECK FOR DEFLECTION
Length = 47 m
No of Girders = 4
According to Cl. 507.5.1 of IRC - 24-2001 the permissible deflection for
(DL + LL + SIDL) = L/600 = 78 mm
However , this restriction shall not apply if minimum in place pre camber is provided to compensate
for all dead and superimposed dead load deflections.
For LL only = L/800 = 59 mm
Deflection due to DL and SIDL = 115 mm

Deflection due to LL(Class A-2 lane) 36
Deflection due to 70RW - 1L = 38 mm
Hence Deflection due to Live load = 38 < 59 Hence OK
Total Deflection due to dead load+Sidl+Live Load = 153 mm Provide precamber

Precamber drawing provided with 115mm maximum precamber
DESIGN OF SHEAR CONNECTORS

11. DESIGN OF SHEAR CONNECTOR

Shear connector between RC deck slab and fabricated steel girder shall be designed which will be of flexible type deriving resistance to
horizontal shear through bending. It is proposed to provide welded strud with minimum ultimate strength of 495Mpa, yield point of
385Mpa and elongation of 18%
Safe Shear resistance of one shear connector is

Shear Stud Connectors with minimum Ultimate Tensile Strength (Futs = 495MPa), Nelson Studs
Dia of stud Connectors = 25 mm (IRC- 22 -2015 table 7)

h = 100 mm
Fck = 35 Mpa
F.O.S of Shear Connectors = 1.25 (IRC- 22 -2015 table 1)
Characteristic yield strength of Stud = 385 Mpa
Characteristic Tensile Strength of Stud = 495 Mpa
Ultimate Static Strength of one Stud = 137 kN
Number of Studs in one row = 3 Nos.
No's of fatigue cycle Nsc = 2.00E+06
Nominal Fatigue Strength Qr = 39 kN (IRC- 22 -2015 table 8)
Allowable range of Horizontal shear per stud connector

From strength criteria
Qr @ support = 110 kN
Number of studs near support 3 nos

SQ = 3 x 109600 = 328800 N
Number of studs near mid span 3 nos

SQ = 3 x 109600 = 328800 N
1) Ultimate Limit State (Strength Criteria) IRC- 22 -2015 Cl. 606.4.1
Where,
VL = Longitudinal shear per unit length
V = Vertical Shear forces due to dead load and live load (with impact)
Aec = The transformed comp. area of conc. above NA of composite cross section considering appropriate
modular ratio with respect to nature of load
Y = C.G distance of transformed copncrete area from neutral axis
I Moment of inertia of whole concrete section using appropriate modular ratio
Spacing of shear connectors for above case is given by, SL1 = Qu 
VL
Shear force
Width(mm) Depth(mm) m Ac(mm^2) Yt (mm) I(mm^4) Vl(N/mm)
V(kN)
Dead load 790 2500 230 15.0 38333 938 90283686421 315
SidL 482 2500 230 15.0 38333 938 90283686421 192
Live load 606 2500 230 7.5 76667 740 1.10182E+11 312
Spacing required, SL1 = 402 mm


2) Full Shear Connection (IRC:22-2015 Clause 606.4.1.1)

Maximum horizontal force in the slab (H):
Minimum of H1 & H2
H1 = Asl fy 10-3/gm
H2 = 0.36 fck Aec 10-3
Where,
Asl = Area of tensile steel in longitudinal direction (mm2)
Aec = Effective area of concrete
= beff.Xu for NA within Slab and beff.ds for NA in steel section
SL2 = ( ΣQu / H ) . L
Asl = 27142 mm2
Aec = 575000 mm2
gm = 1.25
H1 = 9376 kN
H2 = 7245 kN
L = 23.500 m
Serviceability Limit State (Limit State of Fatigue) (IRC:22-2015 Clause 606.4.2)
Calculate shear Vr at interface due to live load and Impact

VR = 358 kN (From STAAD) (IRC:6-2017 Cl. 204.6)
 V R . Aec Y 
Vr =   I 
 ll
Where,
Vr = Vertical shear difference due to maximum and minimum shear envelope due to live load and impact
Shear Force
at Support, Aec Yt I Vr at Support
Type Description VR (kN)
kN m2 m m4 kN/m
Girder (At support) Live Load 358 7.67E-02 0.740 1.10E-01 184
Provide, At support 3 nos. 150 mm c/c Hence OK
Provide, At 10.0m beyond 3 nos. 200 mm c/c
Provide, At 20m beyond 3 nos. 250 mm c/c
Detailing of Stud Connectors
1.) The top flange of stud connectors shall extend into the deck
slab at least 40mm above transverse reinforcement.
2.) The horizontal clear cover to any shear connector shall not be
less than 50mm.
3.) Max spacing = 600, 3*deck thk., 4*stud hgt.
4.) Min spacing = 75mm.

Check for Transverse Shear (IRC:22-2015 Clause 606.6)

Longitudinal Shear transferred from the steel girder to slab is further distributed in the transverse direction through the transverse strength
of the slab as well as the transverse reinforcemnent provided at the section.
The transverse strength and amount of transverse steel needs to be checked as per formulas given below.
(IRC:22-2015 Clause 606.10)
The shear force transferred per metre length should satisfy both the following conditions:
1) VL  0.632 L f ck
819 < 3,085 Hence OK
2) VL  0.232 L f ck  0.1 Ast . f st .n

819 < 2,498 Hence OK
Where,
VL = Longitudinal shear force per unit length calculated for Ultimate Limit State in kN/m = 819 kN/m
fck = Characteristic strength of concrete in MPa = 35 MPa
fyk = Yield strength of transverse reinforcement in MPa = 435 MPa
L = Length of possible shear plane envelope (as per Fig.11, Pg 45, IRC 22-2015) in mm = 825 mm
n = No. of times each lower transverse reinforcing bar is intersected by a shear surface = 2
Ast = Sectional area of transverse reinforcement in cm2 per metre run of beam < 2.5VL / fyk cm2/m
2
= 15.70 cm /m
2.5VL / fyk = 4.70 cm2/m Hence OK
DESIGN OF SPLICES FOR INNER AND OUTER
PLATE GIRDER

12.0 Web Splice Design (Main girder) :

Type of environment = Moderate
Grade of concrete = 35 Mpa
fy = 380 Mpa
0.5
e = (250/fy) = 0.81
Web Properties-
d = 1900 mm F
t = 20 mm
4
Iweb = 1.19E+10 mm
A
2
Aweb = 38000 mm y5
B
Stress in concrete at Deck top = 11.7 Mpa (In concrete) y2 y4
C
= 88 Mpa (In steel) D N A
2 y1
Stress in steel at girder bottom = 331 N/mm
y3
D = 2198 mm
y1 = 1968 mm D
y5 = 460 mm
y4 = 230 mm E
y2 = 52 mm
y3 = 1548 mm
Stess at A = 44 Mpa
Cover Plate Depth = 1600 mm
Stress at B = 10 Mpa
Stress at D = 294 Mpa
3
Zc required by web = 2.34E+08 mm
3
Zt required by web = 7.86E+06 mm
Factored Maximum SF, Vsf = 192 t

Factored Maximum BM, Mf = 231 tm
Let "t" be the thickness of each cover plate.

Moment of Inertia of cover plates about N.A = 2 x ( t/12 x 1600^3 + t x 1600 x ( 748^2 )
= 5886424250 xt
Zc = 113205673 xt = 2.34E+08
Zt = 3802594 xt = 7.86E+06
=> t = 2.07 mm
Provide 12 mm cover plate
(Refer clause 512.5.4 of IRC-24-2010)
Bolt Configuration
Bolt type used = M 20 Grade 10.9 HSFG type
Type of bolt arrangements = In one line
B (Nominal/shaft dia of bolt) = 20 mm
Thread dia = 20 mm
H (Head thickness) = 12.5 mm
Nos of column = 6 Nos
Nos of row = 26 Nos
Splice plate is in = Tension
Minimum spacing of bolts >= 2.5 x nominal bolt dia (Pg 142 of IRC 24-2010)
>= 50 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <= The distance between any two adjacent fastners shall not be greater than 32t or 300mm
whichever is lesser, where t is the thickness of smaller pate
<= 300 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <= The distance between any two adjacent fastners in a line shall not be greater than 16t or
200mm whichever is lesser, where t is the thickness of smaller pate.
<= 192 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <= The distance between any two adjacent fastners in a line and parallel to the edge of
outside plate shall not be greater than 148mm whichever is lesser, where t is the
thickness of smaller pate.
<= 148 mm
Provide 60 mm spacing c/c in both direction Ok under limit
Edge and End Distance
Type of edge = Hand flame cut edges
Minimum edge distance = 1.75 times hole diameter
Standard clearance in dia. and width of slot = 1.5 mm
Hole diameter = 21.5 mm
Minimum edge distance = 38 mm
Maximum edge distance = The maximum edge distance to the nearest line of fastner shall not exceed 12te
= 117 mm
Provide 50 mm edge distance Ok under limt
Covering plate size = 1600 x 420 (d x b)

50 150
50
60
1900
60
1600
150
420
Cg. of bolt group from top most left bolt
x = 160 mm
y = 750 mm
For Left/ Right side group about their own cg.

m = nos of column = 3 Nos
n = nos of row = 26 Nos
x = spacing in horizontal direction = 60 mm
y = spacing along depth = 60 mm
S x2 = m*n*x2 (m2-1)/12 = 187200 mm

2
S y2 = m*n*y2 (n2-1)/12 = 1.6E+07 mm

2
About the combined cg. of both groups.

Distance in horizontal direction from cg. of left/ right group to cg. of combined bolt group = 100 mm
2 2
Sx = 1934400 mm
Distance along depth from cg. of left/ right group to cg. of combined bolt group = 0 mm
S y2 = 31590000 mm2
Polar Moment of Inertia of bolt group

Ip = S x2 + S y2
= 33524400 mm2
Coordinate of bottom right most bolt from cg. Of bolt group

x = 160 mm
y = 750 mm
Shear at bottom, right most bolt

along x-direction
Vx = M* x / Ip
= 1.1 t
along y-direction
Vy = M* y /Ip
= 5.2 t
Shear due to vertical shear = 2.5 t / bolt
Net shear over bolt =  1.105 2 + ( 2.457 + 5.179 )2

= 7.72 t
Shear capacity of Bolt (Refer clause 512.5.5.3 of IRC:24-2010)
Vdsb = Vnsb /gmb

Vnsb = Nominal shear capacity of beam.
gmb = 1.1
Vnsb = fu(nnAnb+nsAsb)/√3
fu = Ultimate tensile strength of a bolt
= 830 Mpa
nn = Number of shear planes with thread intecepting the shear plane
= 0
ns = Number of shear planes without thread intecepting the shear plane
= 2
Asb = Nominal pane shank area of the bolt
= 245 mm2
Anb = Net shear area of the bolt at threads, may be taken as the area corresponding to root diameter at the thread.
= 245 mm2

Vnsb = 234808 N
Vdsb = 213462 N = 22 t
Vdsb after reduction due to long joint, large grip joint and packing plate
Vdsb in Vertical direction
Vdsb * min(blj,blg)*bpk = 160097 N = 16.3 t > 7.6 tonne OK
Vdsb in horizontal direction

Friction grip type bolting (Refer clause 10.4 of IS800:2007)

Vdsf <= Vdsf
Vdsf = Vnsf / gmf
Slip resitance of the Bolt
Vnsf = mf *ne *Kh *Fo
mf = coefficient of friction (slip factor) as specified in IS 800-2007

= 0.50
ne = Number of effective interface offering frictional resistance to slip

= 2.0
Kh = 1.0 1 for fasteners in clearence holes

0.85 for fasteners in oversized and short slotted holes and for fasteners in long slotted holes loaded perpendicular to the slot.
0.7 for fasteners in long slotted holes loaded parallel to the slot.
gmf = 1.25
Fo = Minimum bolt tension (proof load) at installation
Fo = Anb . f0
Anb = Net area of the bolt at thread
2
= 245 mm
fub = Ultimate tensile stress of the bolt
= 830 Mpa (Table 1, IS 800-2007)
f0 = Proof stress(0.7fub)
f0 = 0.7 x Maximum permissible applied force
= 0.7 x 830 (For class 10.9, refer IS 4000-1992)
= 581 Mpa
Fo = 142345 N
Vnsf = 142345 N
Vdsf = Vnsf / gmf = 113876 N = 11.61 t
Vdsf after reduction due to long joint, large grip joint and packing plate
Shear capacity of bolt in vertical direction
Vdsf * min(blj,blg)*bpk = 11.61 x 0.75 x 1
= 8.7 tonne > 7.6 tonne OK
Shear capacity of bolt in horizontal direction
Reduction in capacity due to Long Joint : (Refer clause 512.5.8 of IRC:24-2010)

When the length of joints, lj, of a splice or end connection in a compression or tension element containing more than two fasteners exceeds
15d in the direction of load then the nominal shear capacity of the fasteners shall be reduced by blj
Reduction factor
blj = 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
lj in vertical = 1500 mm
lj in horizontal = 320 mm
d = Nominal diameter of fastener = 20 mm
blj for vertical load = 0.750
blj for horizontal load = 0.995
(Refer clause 512.5.9 of IRC:24-2010)
Reduction in capacity due to Large grip lengths :
When the grip length of joints, lg, exceeds 5 times the diameter, d of the bolt, the design shear force shall be reduced by
factor blg.

blg = 8d / (3d + lg) <= 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
Note: lg shall be no case greater than 8d
blg is applicable if lg is greater than 5d
lg in vertical = 24 mm <= 5d = 100
lg in horizontal = 24 mm <= 5d = 100
blg for vertical load = min( 1, 0.75 )

blg for horizontal load = min( 1, 0.995 )
blg for vertical load = 0.75
blg for horizontal load = 0.995
Reduction in capacity due to packing plates :

When the design shear capacity of bolt carrying shear through packing plate in excess of 6mm, the shear capacity shall be reduced
by factor b pk.
Packing plate is present = No
bpk = (1-0.0125tpk)
tpk = Thickness of thicker packing, in mm
= 0 mm
bpk = 1
For ultimate strength check

Bearing capacity of bolt :
Vdpb = Vnpb /gmb
Vnpb = Nominal bearing strength of bolt
= 2.5 kb . d . t . fu
kb = min( e/3d0, p/3d0-0.25, fub/fu, 1)
e = End distance of the fastner along bearing direction
= 50 mm
p = Pitch distance of the fastner along bearing direction
= 60 mm
d0 = Diameter of hole
= 21.5 mm
= 830 Mpa
fu = Ultimate tensile stress of the plate
= 380 Mpa
d = Nominal diameter of bolt
= 20 mm
Type of bolt fitting = Normal
H = Head thickness of bolt
= 12.5 mm
t = Summation of the thickness of the connected plates experiencing bearing stress in the same direction, or if bolts are
countersunk, the thickness of the plate minu half of the depth of countersinking.
= 12
kb = 0.680
Vnpb = 155093 N = 16 Tonne > 8 Tonne OK
Reduction in bearing capacity due to size of holes :

Type of holes = Standard clearance
Reduction factor = 1
Vnpb = 155093 N
Vdpb = 140994 N = 14 Tonne > 8 Tonne OK
Tension capacity:
Tb <= Tdb
where, Tdb = Tnb/gmb

Tnb = Nominal tensile capacity of the bolt
= 0.9fub . An < fyb . Asb (gmb / gm0)
gmb = 1.1
gmo = 1.1
fub = Ultimate tensile stress of bolt
= 830 Mpa
fyb = Yield stress of bolt
= 660 Mpa
An = Net tensile stress area(for bolts the tensile stress area shall be equal to the area at thread bottom) as
specified in appropriate Indian standard.
2
= 245 mm

Asb = Shank area of the bolt.

2
= 245 mm
Tnb = min( 183015 , 161700 )
= 161700 N = 16.5 t > 7.7 tonne OK
Combined Shear and Tension capacity: (Refer clause 10.3.6 of IS 800:2000)

2 2
(Vsb/Vdb) + (Tb/Tdb) <= 1
Vsb = Factored shear force acting on the bolt.

7.72 t
Vdb = Design shear capacity.
16.32 t
Tb = Factored tensile force acting on the bolt.
7.72 t
Tdb = Design tension capacity.
16.48 t
(Vsb/Vdb)2 + (Tb/Tdb)2 = 0.44 < 1.00 tonne OK
13.0 Bottom Flange Splice Design (Main girder) :

Bolt Configuration
Thread dia = 20 mm
Nos of row = 10 Nos
Splice pate is in = Tension
Minimum spacing of bolts >= 2.5 x nominal bolt dia
>= 50 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <= 300 mm
Provide 50 mm spacing c/c in longitudinal direction Ok under limit
Provide 50 mm spacing c/c in transverse direction Ok under limit

Standrad clearance in diameter and width of slot = 3 mm (As per table-19 of Is:800-2007)
Hole diameter = 23 mm
Minimum edge distance = 40.25 mm
= 243 mm
50 17.5
50
50
300
50 675
60 50 640
20
300
17.5
1470

300
40
640
2
Area of Bottom Flange = 27000 mm
2
Area deducted due to holes = 9200 mm
2
Net area of bottom flange plate = 17800 mm
2
Net area of cover plates reqd. = 18690 mm
2
Gross area of cover plates reqd. = 28350 mm
Provide 2 cover plates

2 Top cover plates = 300 x 25
Bottom cover plates = 640 x 25
Gross area of cover plates = 31000 mm
2
O.K.
Net area of cover plates = 19500 mm
2
O.K.
ULS Stress at mid of bottom Flange = 318 Mpa

ULS Force in bottom Flange = 857 t
Allowable stress at ultimate = 380 Mpa
Max. force in bottom flange = 676 t
Capacity required of splice plate = max (1.1* 857 , 0.8* 676 )
= 943 t
Nos of bolts provided = 136 Nos
Shear force per bolt = 6.94 tonne
Shear capacity of Bolt
Vdsb = Vnsb /gmb

gmb = 1.1
= 830 Mpa
= 0
= 2
2
= 245 mm
= 245
Vnsb = 234808.4 N
Vdsb = 213462.1 N = 21.8 t

Friction grip type bolting

Vdsf <= Vdsf
Vdsf = Vnsf / gmf
Ultimate Shear capacity of Bolt
mf = coefficent of friction (slip factor) as specified in IS 800-2007

= 0.50
for surface blasted with shot or grit and spray metallized with alluminium (thickness > 50 mm)
= 2
gmf = 1.25
Fo = Anb . f0


2
= 245 mm
= 830 Mpa
= 581 Mpa
Fo = 142345 N
Vnsf = 142345 N
Vdsf = Vnsf / gmf = 113876 N = 11.61 t
Reduction in capacity due to Long Joint :

When the length of joints, lj, of a splice or end connection in a compression or tension element containing more than two two fasteners
exceeds 15d in the direction of load then the nominal shear capacity of the fasteners shall be reduced by blj
Reduction factor
blj = 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
lj = 1370 mm
d = Nominal diameter of fastener
= 20 mm
blj = 0.75

When the grip length of joints, lg, exceeds 5 times the diameter, d of the bolt, the design shear force shall be reduced by factor
blg.
lg = 50 mm <= 5d = 100
= 20 mm
blg = min( 1, 0.75 )
blg = 0.75

When the design shear capacityof bolt carrying shear through packing plate in excess of 6mm, the shear capacity shall be reduced
by factor b pk.
bpk = (1-0.0125tpk)
tpk = thickness of thicker packing, in mm
= 0 mm
bpk = 1

Vdpb = Vnpb /gmb
= 2.5 kb . d . t . fu
kb = min( e/3d0, p/3d0-0.25, fub/fu, 1)
= 50 mm
= 50 mm
= 23 mm
= 830 Mpa


= 380 Mpa
= 20 mm
= 12.5 mm
t = summation of the thickness of the connected plates exprencencing bearing stress in the same direction, or if
bolts are countersunk, the thickness of the plate minu half of the depth of countersinking.
= 25 mm
kb = 0.475
Vnpb = 225452.9 N = 23.0 t > 6.9 tonne OK

Vnpb = 225453
Vdpb = 204957 N = 20.9 t > 6.9 tonne OK
Tension capacity:
Tb <= Tdb

gmb = 1.1
gmo = 1.1
= 830 Mpa
= 660 Mpa
2
= 245 mm
2
= 245 mm
Tnb = min( 183015 , 161700 )
= 161700 N = 16.5 t > 6.9 tonne OK
Combined Shear and Tension capacity:
(Vsb/Vdb)2 + (Tb/Tdb)2 <= 1

6.94 t
16.32 t
6.94 t
16.48 t
14.0 Top Flange Splice Design (Main girder) :

Bolt Configuration
Thread dia = 20 mm
Nos of row = 8 Nos
>= 50 mm


Provide 60 mm spacing c/c in transverce direction Ok under limit

Standard clearance in diameter and width of slot = 3 mm (As per table-19 of IS:800-2007)
= 195 mm
50 12.5
50
50
60
280
50
60 50
600 625
20
280
12.5
790
600
28
280
2
Area of top Flange = 17500 mm
2
Area deducted due to holes = 5152 mm
2
Net area of top flange plate = 12348 mm
2
Net area of cover plates reqd. = 12965 mm
2
Gross area of cover plates reqd. = 18375 mm
Provide 2 cover plates

2 Top cover plates = 280 x 20
Bottom cover plates = 600 x 20
Gross area of cover plates = 23200 mm
2
O.K.
Net area of cover plates = 15840 mm
2
O.K.
ULS Stress at mid of top Flange = 255 Mpa

ULS Force in top Flange = 446 t
Allowable stress at ultimate = 380 Mpa
Max. force in bottom flange = 469 t
Capacity required of splice plate = max (1.1* 446 , 0.8* 469 )
= 490 t
Nos of bolts provided = 56 Nos
Shear force per bolt = 8.4 tonne
Vdsb = Vnsb /gmb

gmb = 1.1
= 830 Mpa
= 0
= 2


2
= 245 mm
= 245
Vnsb = 234808 N
Vdsb = 213462 N = 21.8 t


Vdsf <= Vdsf
Vdsf= Vnsf / gmf

= 0.50

= 2.0

gmf = 1.25
Fo = Anb . f0
2
= 245 mm
= 830 Mpa
= 581 Mpa
Fo = 142345 N
Vnsf = 142345 N
Vdsf = Vnsf / gmf = 113876 N = 11.61 t

When the length of joints, lj, of a splice or end connection in a compression or tension element containing more than two two fasteners
exceeds 15d in the direction of load then the nominal shear capacity of the fasteners shall be reduced by blj
Reduction factor
blj = 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
lj = 690 mm
= 20 mm
blj = 0.9025

factor b lg.
lg = 40 mm <= 5d = 100
= 20 mm
blg = min( 1.00 , 0.9025 )
blg = 0.9025

When the design shear capacityof bolt carrying shear through packing plate in excess of 6mm, the shear capacity shall
be reduced by factor b pk.
bpk = (1-0.0125tpk)
= 0 mm
bpk = 1 mm

Vdpb = Vnpb /gmb
= 2.5 kb . d . t . fu
kb = min( e/3d0, p/3d0-0.25, fub/fu, 1)
= 50 mm
= 50 mm
= 23 mm
= 830 Mpa
= 380 Mpa
= 20 mm
= 12.5 mm
t = summation of the thickness of the connected plates exprencencing bearing stress in the same direction, or
if bolts are countersunk, the thickness of the plate minu half of the depth of countersinking.
= 20
kb = 0.475
Vnpb = 180362 N = 18.4 tonne > 8.4 tonne OK

Vnpb = 180362
Vdpb = 163966 N = 16.7 tonne > 8.4 tonne OK
Tension capacity:
Tb <= Tdb

gmb = 1.1
gmo = 1.1
= 830 Mpa
= 660 Mpa

2
= 245 mm
2
= 245 mm
Tnb = min( 183015 , 161700 )
= 161700 N = 16.5 t > 8.4 tonne OK

8.38 t
19.64 t
8.38 t
16.48 t
Web Splice Design (End Diaphragm) :

Type of environment = Moderate
Grade of concrete = 35 Mpa
fy = 380 Mpa
0.5
e = (250/fy) = 0.81
Web Properties-
d = 1600 mm F
t = 16 mm
4
Iweb = 5.46E+09 mm
A
2
Aweb = 25600 mm y5
B
Stress in concrete at Deck top = 11.7 Mpa (In concrete) y2 y4
C
= 87.5 Mpa (In steel) D N A
2 y1
Stress in steel at girder bottom = 330.6 N/mm
y3
D = 1870 mm
y1 = 1640 mm D
y5 = 391 mm
y4 = 161 mm E
y2 = -109 mm
y3 = 1209 mm
Stess at A = 36 Mpa
Cover Plate Depth = 1100 mm
Stress at B = -24 Mpa
Stress at D = 270 Mpa
3
Zc required by web = -1.50E+07 mm
3
Zt required by web = 1.35E+06 mm
Factored Maximum SF, Vsf = 192 t

Factored Maximum BM, Mf = 37 tm
Let "t" be the thickness of each cover plate.

Moment of Inertia of cover plates about N.A = 2 x ( t/12 x 1100^3 + t x 1100 x ( 658.65^2 )
= 2285392762 xt
Zc = -21035172.56 x t = -1.50E+07
Zt = 1890869.846 x t = 1.35E+06
=> t = 0.72 mm
Provide 12 mm cover plate (Refer clause 512.5.4 of IRC-24-2010)

Bolt Configuration
Thread dia = 20 mm
Nos of row = 21 Nos
Splice plate is in = Tension
>= 50 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <= The distance between any two adjacent fastners shall not be greater than 32t or 300mm
whichever is lesser, where t is the thickness of smaller pate
<= 300 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <= The distance between any two adjacent fastners in a line shall not be greater than 16t or
200mm whichever is lesser, where t is the thickness of smaller pate.
<= 192 mm
Maximum spacing of bolts <= The distance between any two adjacent fastners in a line and parallel to the edge of
outside plate shall not be greater than 148mm whichever is lesser, where t is the
thickness of smaller pate.
<= 148 mm
Provide 50 mm spacing c/c in Vert. direction Ok under limit
Provide 50 mm spacing c/c in Horiz. direction

Standard clearance in dia. and width of slot = 1.5 mm
Hole diameter = 21.5 mm
= 117 mm
2 plates of 130
50 250
50
50 50
1600
50
1100
250
260
Cg. of bolt group from top most left bolt
x = 80 mm
y = 500 mm
For Left/ Right side group about their own cg.

m = nos of column = 2 Nos
n = nos of row = 21 Nos
x = spacing in horizontal direction = 50 mm
y = spacing along depth = 50 mm
S x2 = m*n*x2 (m2-1)/12 = 26250 mm

2
S y2 = m*n*y2 (n2-1)/12 = 3850000 mm

2
About the combined cg. of both groups.

Distance in horizontal direction from cg. of left/ right group to cg. of combined bolt group = 55 mm
S x2 = 306600 mm2
Distance along depth from cg. of left/ right group to cg. of combined bolt group
= 0 mm
S y2 = 7700000 mm2
Polar Moment of Inertia of bolt group

Ip = S x2 + S y2
= 8006600 mm2

Coordinate of bottom right most bolt from cg. Of bolt group
x = 80 mm
y = 500 mm
Shear at bottom, right most bolt

along x-direction
Vx = M* x / Ip
= 0.4 t
along y-direction
Vy = M* y /Ip
= 2.3 t
Shear due to vertical shear = 4.6 t / bolt
Net shear over bolt =  0.365 2 + ( 4.563 + 2.282 )2

= 6.85 t
Shear capacity of Bolt (Refer clause 512.5.5.3 of IRC:24-2010)
Vdsb = Vnsb /gmb

gmb = 1.1
= 830 Mpa
= 0
= 2
= 245 mm2
= 245 mm2
Vnsb = 234808 N
Vdsb = 213462 N = 21.8 t
Vdsb in Vertical direction
Vdsb in horizontal direction
Friction grip type bolting (Refer clause 10.6 of IS800:2000)

Vdsf <= Vdsf
Vdsf = Vnsf / gmf
Slip resitance of the Bolt
mf = coefficient of friction (slip factor) as specified in IS 800-2007

= 0.50

= 2.0

gmf = 1.25
Fo = Anb . f0
2
= 245 mm
= 830 Mpa

= 581 Mpa
Fo = 142345 N
Vnsf = 142345 N
Vdsf = Vnsf / gmf = 113876 N = 11.61 t
Shear capacity of bolt in vertical direction
Shear capacity of bolt in horizontal direction
Reduction in capacity due to Long Joint : (Refer clause 512.5.8 of IRC:24-2010)

When the length of joints, lj, of a splice or end connection in a compression or tension element containing more than two fasteners exceeds
15d in the direction of load then the nominal shear capacity of the fasteners shall be reduced by blj
Reduction factor
blj = 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
lj in vertical = 1000 mm
lj in horizontal = 160 mm
blj for vertical load = 0.825
blj for horizontal load = 1.000
(Refer clause 512.5.9 of IRC:24-2010)
factor blg.
lg in vertical = 24 mm <= 5d = 100
lg in horizontal = 24 mm <= 5d = 100
blg for vertical load = min( 1, 0.825 )

blg for horizontal load = min( 1, 1)
blg for vertical load = 0.825

blg for horizontal load = 1.00

When the design shear capacity of bolt carrying shear through packing plate in excess of 6mm, the shear capacity shall be reduced
by factor b pk.
bpk = (1-0.0125tpk)
tpk = Thickness of thicker packing, in mm
= 0 mm
bpk = 1
For ultimate strength check

Vdpb = Vnpb /gmb
= 2.5 kb . d . t . fu
kb = min( e/3d0, p/3d0-0.25, fub/fu, 1)
= 50 mm
= 50 mm
= 21.5 mm
= 830 Mpa


= 380 Mpa
= 20 mm
= 12.5 mm
t = Summation of the thickness of the connected plates experiencing bearing stress in the same direction, or if bolts are
= 12
kb = 0.525
Vnpb = 119744 N = 12.2 Tonne > 6.9 Tonne OK

Vnpb = 119744 N
Vdpb = 108858 N = 11.1 tonne > 6.9 tonne OK
Tension capacity:
Tb <= Tdb

gmb = 1.1
gmo = 1.1
= 830 Mpa
= 660 Mpa
2
= 245 mm
2
= 245 mm
Tnb = min( 183015 , 161700 )
= 161700 N = 16.5 t > 6.9 tonne OK
Combined Shear and Tension capacity: (Refer clause 10.3.6 of IS 800:2000)

6.85 t
17.95 t
6.85 t
16.48 t
DESIGN OF END DIAPHRAGM
CONSTRUCTION OF 05 (FIVE) NOS. DOUBLE LANE RCC BRIDGE ON ROAD BETWEEN SANGRAM TO NYAPIN PH-1 UNDER RIDF-XXIV Document No. - Date

15.0 DESIGN OF END DIAPHRAGM

Design of End diaphram is done for jacking condition only as the bending moment and shear force at this condition are
comparable to normal condition.
STAAD INPUT
Static loads Factors Hogging Sagging Shear
Steel only (Self weight) 1.35 170 70 180
Deck Slab 1.35 270 120 305
Splices etc 1.35 40 20 50
SIDL - Crash Barrier 1.35 205 40 215
SIDL - Wearing Coat 1.75 90 40 120
1082 408 1223
Max Bending Moment of girder HOGGING (factored) = 1082 KNm
Max Bending Moment of girder SAGGING (factored) = 408 KNm
Max Shear force (factored) = 1223 KN
PROPORTIONING OF DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF INNER GIRDER
1) Dimensioning of the Web

Assuming the girder is laterally supported throughout the span i.e. stiffeners are provided.
Assuming the Thickness of the web tweb = 16 mm
Yield stress of web fy = 390 Mpa
Max perm. bending stress sbct = 345 Mpa
Effective length of end diaphragm (max) = 2500 mm
Partial safety factor for material = 1.10
Average Shear Stress = 0.35 x fy

= 0.35 x 390 = 137 MPa
Min overall depth = L = 2500 = 100 mm

25 25
Overall depth Provide inclusive deck slab = 1640 mm HENCE OK

Assuming Thk. of the Bottom Flange Plate-1 = 20 mm
Assuming Thk. of the Bottom Flange Plate-2 = 0
Therefor Depth of the Web Plate = 1600 mm
Assuming a web plate of size = 1600 x 16 mm
Assume Spacing of Stiffener = C = 1500 mm
Minimum web thickness of member
(a) Minimum web thickness for serviceability requirement clause 509.6
Case (WEB CONNECTED TO FLANGE ALONG BOTH LONGITUDINAL EDGES)
Conditions NO STIFFENER
Minimum web thickness requirement 10 d/tw<=200ε
(b) Minimum web thickness of compression flange buckling requirement
Case WHEN THE TRANSVERSE STIFFNESS ARE PROVIDED
Minimum thickness of web require 7.2 C>=1.5d HENCE OK


DESIGN STAGE I (INNER GIRDER)
Assuming that the bending moment is carried by the flanges

Approximate Area of flanges required
2
Af = Mz * γmo = 9 mm
fy * D
Area of flange provided = = 8400 mm2

2
> 9 mm Hence OK
CHECK FOR DESIGN STRENGTH IN BENDING
V (factored design shear force) = 1223 kN

0.6Vd (design shear strength) = 2871 kN (Using simple post critical method)
CONDITION: V < 0.6Vd
1223 < 2871
Design bending strength of the section

Md=βb*Zp*fy/γo < 1.2*Ze*fy /γmo
= 7127 kNm < 8553 kNm Hence OK clause 509.2.1.2
Also, Md ≥ Mz
Md(design bending strength of the section) ≥ Mz(maximum bending moment)
7127 kNm > 1082 kNm
HENCE SAFE TO CARRY APPLIED MOMENT
CHECK FOR THE THICKNESS OF WEB FROM SHEAR CONSIDERATION -

2). FLANGE -
Assuming the followng Flange elements

Top Flange Area -
I)Top Plate-1 420 x 20 = 8400 mm2
2) Top Plate-2 0 x 0 = 0 mm2
II).
2
S Af = 8400 mm
2
> 9 mm Hence OK
Bottom Flange Area -
2
I)Top Plate-1 420 x 20 = 8400 mm
2
2) Top Plate-2 0 x 0 = 0 mm
II).
2
S Af = 8400 mm
Therefore distance of N.A. from top fibre , yt = 820 mm
Ixx = 1.648E+10 mm4

yb = D - yt
= 1640 - 820
= 820 mm

Stress at top fibre = M/Zt = 6.48E+08

2.01E+07
= 32 Mpa
< 345 Mpa
Hence OK
Stress at bottom fibre = M/Zb = 6.48E+08
2.01E+07
= 32 Mpa
< 345 Mpa
Hence OK
Assuming y1 is the distance of equal area axis from top

420 X 20 + (yt- 20 )X 16
= 21200 mm2
yt = 820 mm
yb = 820 mm
Now distance of centroid of area above equal axis

y1 = 562 mm
y2 = 562 mm
Plastic section modulus

Zp = A ( y1+y2) = 23848000 mm3
2
CHECK FOR THE LOCAL CAPACITY OF THE SECTION Table 2 -IRC 24-10
b1 = 202 mm
b2 = 202 mm
Yield stress ratio for flanges ε sqrt(250/fy) = 0.80
Yield stress ratio for web ε sqrt(250/fy) = 0.80
Top flange ratio b1/tf1 = 10.1 SEMI COMPACT
Bottom flange ratio b2/tf2 = 10.1 SEMI COMPACT
Web ratio d/tw = 100.0 SEMI COMPACT
Condition WEB NEED STIFFNING AND WEB BUCKLING NEED TO BE CHECKED. clause 509.4.2.1
d/tw >67ε √(Kv/5.35)
Design of Intermediate transverse web stiffeners
When only transverse stiffener are provided

( in webs connected to flanges along both logitudinal edges)
condition d/tw<=200ε clause 509.6

assume C= spacing of transverse stiffener
d=depth of the web
Now, d = 1600 mm
3*d = 4800 mm
assume C = 1500 mm
CHECK FOR MINIMUM STIFFENERS CL-509.7.2.4
c/d = 0.938 < √2 (c/d <√2 )

Imin = minimum moment of inertia required
Imin 1.5 xd3xtw3/c2 = 2.80E+07 mm4

Let a single stiffener on only one side of the web is provided

ts = Thickness of the plate Stiffener = 12 mm
a = Outstand = 195 mm
Moment of inertia about face of the web

ts x a3 = 2.97E+07 mm4
3
The stiffener has more than the minimum required stiffness

PLAN
195 mm
Hence, provide 195 mm x 12 mm

as a vertical web stiffener
12 195
CHECK FOR OUTSTAND CLAUSE 509.7.1.2
Outstand of the stiffener a = 195 mm

Check 14tqε = 135 mm
a > 14tqε Hence OK
Buckling resistance of the intermediate transverse stiffeners C- 509.7.1.5

Design as a strut
The effective length of web equal to 20*tw on each side of the centre line of stiffener can be considered
along with the stiffener
20tw = 320 mm
MI about centre line of the stiffener

= 9734215 + 109227
= 9843442 mm4
Area = Area of stiffener + 5120
= 6734 mm2
rx=radius of gyration = I = 38.2 mm

A
effective length from clause 509.7.1.5
L ef = 0.7L = 1750 mm
Slenderness ratio, λ = L ef = 45.77

rx
Buckling class = c from table 4 IRC 24-2010.
f cd = 246 N/mm2 from table 6C IRC 24-2010.
Design Buckling resistance, Fqd = 1657 KN


Buckling check on intermediate transverse stiffeners without using tension field action
Fq = V - Vcr
γmo clause 509.7.2.5
V= factored shear force adjacent to the stiffener

Vcr=shear buckling resistance of the web panel designed itjout using tension field method
V = 1223 KN
Vcr = 4784 KN
Fq = -3238 KN < 1657 kN

Stiffener is safe in buckling
USING TENSION FIELD METHOD CL- 509.4.2.2 (b)

Vn = nominal shear resistance
Vn=Vtf
τb = Buckling strength
fv= Yield strength of the tensile field
φ = inclination of the tensile field
wtf= width of the tensile field
fyw= yield stress of the web
d= depth of the web
τb= shear stress corresponding to buckling of the web
Sc,St= anchorage lengths of tension field along the compression and tension flange respectively,
Mfr= reduced plastic moment capacity of the respective flange plate
fyf= yield stress of the flange
fv
φ = 0.82 radians
2
Ψ = 280 N/mm
Nf=axial force in the flange, due to overall bending in comp flange

M = 668 KN
(d+Tf)
Reduced plastic moment of the compression flange plate
Mfr
= 1.51E+07 N mm
Anchorage length along

tension field of comp flange Sc = 0 <= 1500 Hence OK
axial force Nf in tension flange = 668 KN

Reduced plastic moment of the tension flange
Anchorage length along Mfr = 1.51E+07 Nmm
Tension field of tension flange St = 135 <= 1500 Hence OK
Width of the tension field
w ft
= 2090 mm

fv (Yield strength of tension field)
= 75 N/mm2
V tf = 6423 KN
CHECK FOR SHEAR

Calculation for τb
poisson's ratio = 0.30
yield stress of the web= 390 Mpa
λw = 1.10
Kv = 4.0+5.35/(c/d)^2 = 10.1
τcr,e = 186.9 N/mm2
Now,
For λw ≥ 1.2 τb = fyw/(√3λw2)
τb = 186.9 N/mm2
Shear force corresponding to web buckling, Vcr = dtwτb = 4784 kN
CONDITION STRENGTH OF THE WEB AS GOVERNED BY THE SHEAR BUCKLING clause 509.4
METHOD SIMPLE POST CRITICAL MEHOD =

SHEAR RESISTANCE = 4784 >= 1223 Hence OK
Shear Table
Allowable Actual Safety
PLASTIC SHEAR RESISTANCE 5240 kN 1223 kN SAFE
SIMPLE POST CRITICAL MEHOD 4784 kN 1223 kN SAFE
TENSION FIELD METHOD 6423 kN 1223 kN SAFE
Welding Requirements for Stiffener
Shear force on welds connecting the stiffener to web (q1) = t2w CL- 509.7.2.6
5bs
tw = thickness of the web
bs = outstand width of the stiffener
shear force = 263 N/mm
The shear strength of the fillet weld (P) = Pq . L . t

= Pq . t N/mm
Assume size of fillet weld = 6 mm
Pq=permissible stress in fillet weld = 199 Mpa
P = 846 N/mm
The welding is done on both faces, then the weld length per meter length of plate
The required length of the weld for 1000mm length on each side
= 263 x 1000
2 x 846 160 mm/1000 mm length

DESIGN OF JACKING STIFFENERS
Check For the Need of a Stiffener clause 509.7.4
Assume width of the bearing plate at the support = 180 mm

Assume size of bearing = 100 mm
Stiff bearing length b 1 = 70 mm
Dispersion length (1:2.5) slope = 50 mm
Maximum Reaction = 1223 kN
Local capacity of the web
Fw = (b1+n2)twfyw = 681 kN
γmo < 1223 kN
Provide a bearing stiffener
Design of stiffener
Try 2 Plates 135 mm wide 12 mm thick as a stiffener
Check for outstand

Maximum outstand of stiffener 20tqε = 192 mm > 135 mm
Hence OK
14tqε = 135 mm < 135 mm
Hence OK
Check for buckling

Local buckling resistance
Area = 3240 + 5120 = 8360 mm2 clause 509.7.1.5
Least moment of inertia

neglecting the buckling resistance of the web
Ix = 19683000 + 109227 = 19792227 mm4
radius of gyration ( r) = sqrt(I x /A) = 48.7 mm
slenderness ratio ( λ ) = L eff /r = 23.02

from table 4
f cd from table = 297 N/mm2 from table 6C
Buckling resistance = 2481 kN > 1223 kN

Stiffener is safe
DESIGN OF JOINT BETWEEN FLANGE AND WEB

Assuming fillet weld on each side of the web
Assuming size of the fillet weld = 6.0 mm

Permissible strength of the fillet weld = 199 N/mm2
The shear strength of fillet weld

P = Pq.L.t
t= throat thickness
= Pq .t N/mm
= 846 N/mm
First moment of area of top flange plate @ C.G. is
Q = 420 x 20 x ( 820 - 10 ) = 6.8.E+06 mm3

The Shear flow

q = V .Q
I
= 1223 X 6804000 X 1000
16484373333
= 505 N/mm
Providing 6 mm fillet weld whose strength is 846 N/mm

weld length = 505 X 1000

2 X 846
Hence OK
First moment of area of bottom flange plate @ C.G is

Q = 420 x 20 x ( 820 - 10 ) = 6.8.E+06 mm3
The Shear flow

q = V .Q
I
= 1222.50 X 6.8.E+06 X 1000
1.648E+10
= 504.59 N/mm
providing 6 mm fillet weld whose strength is 846 N/mm

weld length = 504.59 X 1000

2 X 846.06
Hence OK
Design for Fatigue Limit: (IRC 22: 2015)

The actual normal and shear stress range "f " and "τ " at any point of the strucuture subjected to Nsc cycles in life shall satisfy
γ mft (Table 5, IRC 22-2015) = 1.35 (Non-Fail-Safe) IRC 22-2015,Table 3 Pg 27

f =< 27/γmft = 20 MPa
satisfy the following:
f <= f fd = μ r f f / γ mft (normal /flexure stress) IRC 22:2015 Clause 605.4 Pg. 34
τ <= τ fd = μ r τ f / γ mft (shear stress)
where,
μr = capacity reduction factor for fillet or butt joint IRC 22-2015, Clause 605.2 Pg 26
= (25 / tp)0.25 <= 1.0 (for plate thickness tp greater than 25 mm) ,
ff ,τf = normal and shear fatigue stress ranges for the actual life cycle, Nsc,
tp = actual thickness in mm of the thicker plate being joined.
For normal stress range,

ff = f fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/3 when, Nsc <= 5 x 106
6 1/5 6
= f fn (5 x 10 / N sc ) when, 5 x 10 <= Nsc <= 1 x 108
For shear stress range,
τf = τ fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/5
f fn , τ fn = normal and shear fatigue strength of the detail for 5 x 106 cycles, for the detail category as per
IRC 22-2015 Table 4 through Table 6
Note: Partial safety factor for "loads" in the evaluation of stress range in fatigue design shall be taken as 1.0
Thickness of Bottom flange plate = 40 mm

Thickness of Top Flange plate = 28 mm
Thickness of Web = 20 mm
μr (Bottom flange plate) = 0.89 (tp > 25 mm)
μr (Top Flange plate) = 0.97 (tp > 25 mm)
μr (Web Plate) = 1.06 (tp > 25 mm)

Number of stress cycles, Nsc = 2000000

For Welded Plate I-Section and Box girder with Continuous automatic longitudinal fillet welds carried out from both sides
and all welds not having un-repaired stop start position Detail Category 92 is referred of IRC:22-2015 , Table 5, Page 28
τ fn , f fn = 92 MPa
6 1/3
.`. f f = f fn (5 x 10 / N sc ) =92×(5×10^6/2.00E+06)^(1/3) = 125 MPa
.`. τ f = τ fn (5 x 10 6 / N sc ) 1/5 =92×(5×10^6/2.00E+06)^(1/5) = 111 MPa
Design Bending fatigue strength, ffd = μ r f f / γ mft = 82 MPa

Design Shear fatigue strength, τfd = μ r τ f / γ mft = 73 MPa
Evaluation of Actual shear stress range (LL with impact):

4
Moment of Inertia of Cross-section for Short Term Loading = 1.102E+11 mm
Ybottom of Section = 1,458 mm
Ytop of Section = 510 mm
Maximum Bending Moment in Section (Live Load Only Considered) = 111 kNm (Fatigue truck = 12+14+14 = 40T)
(Proportioned to 40/100*1.1)
Maximum Shear Force in Section = 12 kN
Shear Stress in Section = 0.30 MPa OK

Bending Stress in Top flange of Section = 0.51 MPa OK
Bending Stress in Bottom flange of Section = 1.47 MPa OK
As the stresses are sufficiently below the permissible limits, the fatigue assessment is not required
DESIGN OF CROSS BRACING

16.0 DESIGN OF WIND BRACING

Wind Bracing shall be provided diagonally connecting top flange to the bottom flange at
= 3.2 m c/c
spacing
The members shall be designed for 2.5% of the max. force in compression flange carried by both the chords at the section under
consideration in addition to the wind and centrifugal forces.
Cl. 508.11.4 of IRC - 24 - 2010
Concrete deck of unit width
28.1 kN/per bracing
Calculation of Wind Load : -

Total length of superstructure = 47 m
Cl. 209.3 of IRC - 6 - 2010
i) Wind Force on D.L. : - crash barrier
Exposed area of superstr. = 174 m2
Bridge situated in plain terrain

Basic wind speed = 44 m/s
wind pressure for 33m/s basic wind speed for Ht <15m = 464 N/m2
wind pressure for 44m/s basic wind speed (PZ)= (47/33) x 463.7 = 618.3 N/m2
= 63 Kg/m2
Gust factor G = 2
Drag Coeff CD = 2*(1+c/20.d) = 2.13
Wind force = F = Pz . A . CD . G F = 46599 Kg
ii) Wind force on L.L. : -

F= Pz . A . CD . G
Length of superstructure = 47.00 m
A = 94 m2
CD = 1.20
G = 2.00
Wind force = 14218 Kg
Total wind force = 46599 + 14218.24261 = 60817 Kg
Wind force on each int. x-girder = 60817.148 x 13.77212 = 17821 Kg

47
F.O.S = 1.5
Factored Wind force on each int. cross girder + 2.5% comp. force = 295 KN
Adopting ISMC 200
ryy =radius of gyration = 2.23 cm
L = 1.75 x 100 = 78 < 140 Hence OK

ryy 2.23 IRC24-2010:508.5

Allowable compressive stress = 107 MPa

As per IRC 24:2010 table 6c (For fy = 250 MPa)
Min. Sectional Area required = 295 x 1000 = 2761 mm2

107
Area for ISMC 200 = 28.2 >
27.6 Cm2
Hence OK
Compressive stress in section = 295.41 x 1000 = 104.7 < 107.0
28.21 x 100 Mpa
Hence OK
The area of ISA 130 x 130 x 12 is comparable to the area of lateral bracings provided. Thus, for bottom planar bracing the same has
been used.
CONSTRUCTION OF 05 (FIVE) NOS. DOUBLE LANE RCC BRIDGE ON ROAD BETWEEN SANGRAM TO NYAPIN PH-1
UNDER RIDF-XXIV
Document No. Date
00-01-1900
17.0 DESIGN OF BOLTED CONNECTION IN BRACING
The force on the bracing P = 295 KN

Lever arm = 2.0 m
Moment in bracing due to lateral force = 295 x 2.0

= 581 KN-m
Gusset plate thickess = 12 mm
Bolted Connections
No of bolts n = sqrt ( 6 M/ p R) Per vertical line

n = P/ R
Therefore M = n2*p* R/ 6
Where R = Rivet or Bolt value
Strength of bolt in single shear = 3.14/4 * d2 *Fs

Dia of bolt d' = 20 mm
Hole diameter = 21.5
Safe stress in shearing Fs = 0.43fy = 108 Mpa IRC : 24-2001; Table 6.3
Strength of bolt in single shear = 176 kN
Stength of Bolt in bearing = d* t * Fbr
Bearing strength Fbr = 1.0fy 250 Mpa

Thickness of plate, t = 12 mm
Stength of Bolt in bearing = 64500 N
Bolt Value = 176 kN
Minimum Pitch p = 2.5* d' 53.75 mm
Provide Pitch of 60 mm Hence OK
No of bolts = 295.41/176
No of bolts = 1.68 Nos
Provide 3 Nos bolts in a single row Hence OK
Design of Gusset Plate

Design load of gusset plate = 295 kN
Width of gusset plate = 350 mm
Thickness of gusset plate = 12 mm
No. of gusset plate = 1
Design strength by yielding of gross section

Gross area = 42 cm2
gmo = 1.1
fy = 250 Mpa
Tdg = Ag x fy/gmo = 955 kN
The capacity of gusset plate is quite high for the design force. Hence OK.
DESIGN OF SEISMIC STOPPERS

18.0 DESIGN OF LONGITUDINAL SEISMIC STOPPER (RESTRAINTS)
Horizontal force to be resisted by stopper (ultimate) = 1382 kN

LA from line of action of force to the fix end of stopper = 0.35 m
Ultimate moment due to horizontal force = 484 kNm
Details of stopper
Yield stress of structural steel member t> 40mm = 320 Mpa
Yield stress of structural steel member 20 < t < 40mm = 330 Mpa
Yield stress of structural steel member t< 20mm = 350 Mpa
Breadth of top flange = 350 mm

Thickness of top flange = 22 mm
Breadth of bottom flange = 350 mm
Thickness of bottom flange = 22 mm
Depth of web @ free edge = 281 mm
Thickness of web plate, tw = 22 mm
Overall depth of plate girder @ free edge = 325 mm
Height of stopper = 325 mm
Slope of bottom flange with horizontal = 0.4H : 1.0V
Overall depth of the section at its fixed edge = 530 mm
Thickness of top plate = 22 mm
b1 = 164 mm
b2 = 164 mm
Yield stress ratio for flanges, ε sqrt(250/fy) = 0.87
Yield stress ratio for web, ε sqrt(250/fy) = 0.87
Top flange ratio b1/tf1 = 7.45 COMPACT
Bottom flange ratio b2/tf2 = 7.45 COMPACT
Web ratio d/tw = 24.09 PLASTIC
Capacity of the section is governed by compact section modulus
Check for Shear

Plastic shear resistence
Calculation for τb
Poisson's ratio = 0.3
yield stress of the web = 330 Mpa
λw = 0.25
Kv = 5.35+4.0/(c/d)^2 = 9.35
τcr,e = 2985 N/mm2
Now,
For λw ≤ 0.8 τb = fyw/ √3
τb = 190.5 N/mm2
SF corres. to web buckling, Vcr = dtwτb = 2222 kN
Therefore, design shear resistance = 2020 kN

Design shear force = 1382 kN
HENCE OK

Check for Moment capacity

Elastic properties of section
2
C/s area: 26092 mm
yb : = 265 mm
yt : = 265 mm
4
Izz = = 1.20E+09 mm
4
Iyy = = 1.58E+08 mm
3
Ze : = 4545729 mm
Plastic properties of section

C/s area: = 26092mm2
yb : = 265mm
cg of compression from EQ area axis = 200mm
cg of tension from EQ area axis = 200mm
3
Zp : = 5210678 mm
Moment capacity of a section Md=βb*Zp*fy/γo = 1364 kNm

Design bending moment = 484 kNm
HENCE OK
Design of Bolted connection :

Bolt Configuration
Thread dia = 20 mm
Nos of row = 8 Nos
>= 50 mm
Provide 60 mm spacing c/c in transverce direction Ok under limit

Standard clearance in diameter and width of slot = 3 mm (As per table-19 of Is:800-2007)
Minimum edge distance = 39 mm
= 230 mm

Vdsb = Vnsb /gmb

gmb = 1.1
= 830 Mpa
= 0
= 1
Asb = Nominal plane shank area of the bolt
2
= 245 mm
= 245
Vnsb = 117404 N
Vdsb = 106731 N = 10.9 t


Vdsf <= Vdsf
Vdsf = Vnsf / gmf

= 0.50

= 2
Kh = 1.0
gmf = 1.25
Fo = Anb . f0
2
= 245 mm
= 830 Mpa
= 581 Mpa
Fo = 142345 N
Vnsf = 142345 N
Vdsf = Vnsf / gmf = 113876 N = 11.61 t


When the length of joints, lj, of a splice or end connection in a compression or tension element containing more than two two fasteners exceeds 15d in the
direction of load then the nominal shear capacity of the fasteners shall be reduced by blj
Reduction factor
blj = 1.075 - (lj / (200d)) but 0.75 ≤ blj ≤ 1.0
lj = 580 mm
= 20 mm
blj = 0.93
When the grip length of joints, lg, exceeds 5 times the diameter, d of the bolt, the design shear force shall be reduced by factor blg.
lg = 62 mm <= 5d = 100
= 20 mm
blg = min( 1, 0.93 )
blg = 0.93
When the design shear capacityof bolt carrying shear through packing plate in excess of 6mm, the shear capacity shall be reduced by factor bpk.
bpk = (1-0.0125tpk)
= 0 mm
bpk = 1

Vdpb = Vnpb /gmb
= 2.5 kb . d . t . fu
kb = min( e/3d0, p/3d0-0.25, fub/fu, 1)
= 50 mm
= 60 mm
= 23 mm
= 830 Mpa
= 830 Mpa


= 20 mm
= 12.5 mm
t = summation of the thickness of the connected plates exprencencing bearing stress in the same direction, or if bolts are
= 22 mm
kb = 0.620
Vnpb = 565663 N = 58 t > 4.3 tonne OK

Vnpb = 565663
Vdpb = 514239 N = 52 t > 4.3 tonne OK
Tension capacity:
Tb <= Tdb

gmb = 1.1
gmo = 1.1
= 830 Mpa
= 660 Mpa
An = Net tensile stress area(for bolts the tensile stress area shall be equal to the area at thread bottom) as specified in
appropriate Indian standard.
2
= 245 mm
2
= 245 mm
Tnb = min( 183015 , 161700 )
= 161700 N = 16.5 t > 4.3 tonne OK

4.32 t
10.12 t
4.32 t
16.48 t
DESIGN OF DECK SLAB
Design of Deck slab :
0.230
0.000
0.3025 0.000
.
0.020
1.250 2.500 2.500 2.500
Total carriageway width = 10.000 m

Member Nodes details at Inner Girder
Face of Girder top flange

Face of Girder web
c/L Girder
Average Thickness of deck (central portion) = 0.230 m

Average Thickness of deck (Haunch) = 0.230 m
Average Thickness of deck (support/ Girder) = 0.230 m
Average Thickness of deck (Cantilever portion) = 0.230 m
As per IRC: 112,Annexure B-3

bef = a.a (1-a/lo) + b1 ( for solid slab spanning in one direction )
= 1.2 a + b1 ( for solid slab cantilever )
bef = effective width of slab
lo = effective span = 2.50 m
a = distance of c.g. of conc. load from nearer support
b1 = breadth of concentration area of the load i.e. the dimension
of tyre over road surface in the direction at right angle to span
plus twice the thickness of wearing coat
a = a constant having the values depending upon ratio b/lo
= 2.6
Thickness of wearing coat = 50 mm

Thickness of deck slab = 230 mm
Class-A Loading
Contact width perpendicular to span = 250 mm
Contact width parallel to span = 500 mm
Distance between two loads perpendicular to span = 1.2 m
Concentrated load = 5.7 t
b1 = 0.25 + 0.050 x 2 = 0.350 m

Loading -1 Class A single lane Eccentrically placed
0.90 0.35 1.45 1.05
1.25 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.25

Length of dispersion along the span =
0.5 + 2x ( 0.050 + 0.23 ) = 1.06 m
Load Nos. Load (t) a (m) bef (m) bef1 (m) Load (t/m)
1 5.7 0.350 0.770 0.770 6.984
2 5.7 1.050 1.933 1.567 3.432
bef1 = (bef+1.2)/2, if bef >1.2
Loading -2 Class A single lane, For Maximum sagging moment
0.05 1.75
1.25 2.50 2.50 2.50 1.25

1.25
1 5.7 0.050 0.410 0.410 13.116
2 5.7 0.750 1.715 1.458 3.689
bef1 = (bef+1.2)/2, if bef >1.2
Loading -3 Class A single lane, For Maximum Hogging moment at intermediate support
0.9 0.9
1.6
1.25 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.25
1 5.7 0.900 1.85 1.524 3.529
2 5.7 0.900 1.85 1.524 3.529
bef1 = (bef+1.2)/2, if bef >1.2
Loading -4 Class A single lane, For Maximum Sagging moment at intermediate support
0.35 1.8
1.25 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.25
1 5.7 0.350 1.133 1.133 4.748
2 5.7 0.350 1.133 1.133 4.748
bef1 = (bef+1.2)/2, if bef >1.2
CLASS 70R LOADING
Max. load on a wheel = 20 = 5.0 t
4
2
Max. tyre pressure = 5.273 kg/cm
Contact width parallel to span = 360 mm

2
Contact area = 5000 = 948 cm
5.273
2
= 94823 mm
Contact width perpendicular to span = 94823 = 263 mm

360
Distance between two loads perpendicular to span = 1.22 m
b1 = 0.263 + 0.050 x 2 = 0.363 m
Loading -5 One Lane of Class 70R, For max. Sagging Moment on first intermediate span
0.66 0.45 1.48 0.45
2.59
1.25 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.25
Length of dispersion along the span = 0.685
Load case 2
1 5 0.655 1.620 1.420 5.140
2 5 1.105 1.967 1.593 4.581
3 5 0.085 0.577 0.577 12.653
4 5 0.535 1.457 1.338 5.454
bef1 = (bef+1.22)/2, if bef >1.22
Loading -6 One Lane of Class 70R, For max. Hogging Moment at intermediate Support
1.31 0.45 1.48 0.45
1.25 2.50 2.50 2.50 1.25
1 5 1.190 1.985 1.602 4.555
2 5 0.740 1.718 1.469 4.969
3 5 0.740 1.718 1.469 4.969
4 5 1.190 1.985 1.602 4.555
bef1 = (bef+1.22)/2, if bef >1.22
Summary of Forces due to Permanent Loads
Bending Moment Shear Force
DL SIDL Surfacing DL SIDL Surfacing
S.No. Moment at Node No. Tm Tm Tm T T T
1 Cantilever Portion
Face of haunch 2 0.260 0.430 0.060 0.600 0.500 0.220
Face of web 3 0.260 0.430 0.060 0.600 0.500 0.220
2 Hogging moment intermediate span

Face of haunch 8 0.260 0.430 0.060 0.600 0.500 0.220
Face of web 9 0.260 0.430 0.060 0.600 0.500 0.220
3 Sagging moment intermediate span

Mid span 7 -0.150 0.150 -0.100 0.550 0.250 0.220
Summary of Forces due to Live Loads

Impact Factor for Live Load
Span Class A Class 70R
Cantilever Portion 1.25 0.50 0.25
Intermediate span 2.50 0.50 0.25
Forces with Impact (From STAAD Analysis) Maximum Shear

Bending Moment Force
S.No. Moment at Node No. Tm T
1 Cantilever Portion
Face of haunch 2 0.750 -3.850
Face of web 3 0.800 -3.850
2 Hogging moment intermediate span

Face of haunch 8 3.000 -9.500
Face of web 9 3.000 -9.500
3 Sagging moment intermediate span

Mid span 7 -4.000 -2.000
DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT
Summary of Design Forces ULS
Component Bending Moment Shear Force
LL With Factored LL With Factored
DL SIDL Surfacing DL SIDL Surfacing
Nature Impact BM Impact SF
Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm
Cantilever Portion
Cantilever (Girder Top Flange Face) Hog 0.26 0.43 0.06 0.75 2.16 0.6 0.5 0.22 -3.85 -3.91
Cantilever (Girder Web Face) Hog 0.26 0.43 0.06 0.80 2.24 0.6 0.5 0.22 -3.85 -3.91
Load Factors (ULS basic) 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.50 1.35 1.35 1.75 1.50
Intermediate supports
Girder Top Flange Face Hog 0.26 0.43 0.06 3.00 5.54 0.60 0.50 0.22 -9.50 -12.38
Girder web Face Hog 0.26 0.43 0.06 3.00 5.54 0.60 0.50 0.22 -9.50 -12.38
Intermediate span
Intermediate Mid Span Sag -0.15 0.15 -0.10 -4.00 -6.18 0.55 0.25 0.22 -2.00 -1.54
Summary of Design Bending Moment SLS

Component Bending Moment (Rare Combination) Bending Moment (QPCombination)
LL With Factored LL With Factored
Surfacing Surfacing
Nature DL SIDL Impact BM DL SIDL Impact BM
Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm Tm
Cantilever Portion
Cantilever (Girder Top Flange Face) Hog 0.26 0.43 0.06 0.8 1.51 0.26 0.43 0.06 0.75 0.76
Cantilever (Girder Web Face) Hog 0.26 0.43 0.06 0.8 1.56 0.26 0.43 0.06 0.80 0.76
Load Factors (SLS basic) 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.0
Girder Top Flage Face Hog 0.26 0.43 0.06 3.0 3.76 0.26 0.43 0.06 3.0 0.76
Girder web Face Hog 0.26 0.43 0.06 3.0 3.76 0.26 0.43 0.06 3.0 0.76
Intermediate span
Intermediate Mid Span Sag -0.15 0.15 -0.1 -4.0 -4.12 -0.15 0.15 -0.1 -4.0 -0.12
MATERIAL PROPERTIES :
Grade of concrete = M 35 MPa PERMISSIBLE STRESSES
Grade of Reinforcement = Fe 500 MPa 1) Premissble concrete compressive stresses
fywd = 0.8 fyk = 400 MPa Load Combi Permissble Stress
Clear cover = 50 mm SLS Rare 0.48 fck = 16.8 Mpa
Modulus of Elasticity steel Es = 200000 Mpa SLS QP 0.36 fck = 12.6 Mpa
For short Term loading Ecm = 32000 Mpa
For long Term loading Ecm' = 16000 Mpa
fcteff Mean tensile strength = fctm = 2.77 Mpa 2) Permissble Tensile stress in steel (Rare) = 0.6 fy = 300 Mpa
fcd = 0.447 fck = 15.65 Mpa Permissble Tensile stress in steel (QLS) = 0.8 fy = 400 Mpa
Creep factor f = 1.00
euk = 0.0025 3) Permissible crack width wk
eud = 0.0022 SLS QP Load combination = 0.300 mm
ecu2 = 0.0035
xumax/d = 0.6167
Reinforcement provided
Reinforcement at Top
2
Layer-1 16 f@ 150 c/c = 1340 mm
Reinforcement at Bottom
2
Layer-1 16 f@ 150 c/c = 1340 mm
0 f@ 150 c/c
A) ULS CAPACITY CHECK
Ast,cal =M/ 0.87 fyk

xu = 0.87 fyk Ast /
Check Check
Ast Calc.< Ast Provided
Ast,provided > Ast min

Ast,
(d'-0.416 xu)
MED b D d xmax Check Ast min
0.362 fck b
Provided
Load comb. Tm mm mm mm mm2 mm mm mm2 mm2

Cantilever Portion
Cantilever (Girder Top Flange Face)
2.16 1000 230 172 1340 106 46 UR, OK 325 OK 258 OK
Cantilever (Girder Web Face)
2.24 1000 330 272 1340 168 46 UR, OK 203 OK 408 OK
Girder Top Flange Face
5.54 1000 230 172 1340 106 46 UR, OK 833 OK 258 OK
Girder web Face
5.54 1000 330 272 1340 168 46 UR, OK 503 OK 408 OK
Intermediate span
Intermediate Mid Span
6.18 1000 230 172 1340 106 46 UR, OK 929 OK 258 OK
Calculation of Distribution Reinforcement :
Distribution Renforcement :
At Least 20% of the main Reinforcement (Refer IRC:112 clause 16.6.1.1)
Reinforcement in deck in longitudinal direction

2
Top face = 10 f @ 200 = 393 mm
2
Bottom face = 10 f @ 200 = 393 mm OK
2
Secondary transverse reinforcement = 0.2 x 393 = 79 mm /m
2
Provide reinforcement as = 10 f @ 200 = 393 mm OK
B) SLS STRESS CHECK

Rare Load combination. Formula used for calculation of stress
Ec,eq = Ecm*(MQP+MST) dc (depth of neutral axis) = -m*As +  ( m2 * As2 + 2* m*As*b* d )
MST +(1+f)* MQP b
MST = MRARE -MQP INA (Transformed) = b *dc3/3 + m* As *(d-dc)2
m = Es/ Ec,eq
Compressive stress in concrete sc = MRARE* dc / INA
Quasi Permanent Load Combination Tensile stress in steel ss = m* MRARE* (d - dc ) / INA
m = Es / Ecm'
Stress Check for SLS Load Combinations
Ast, modular N.A. depth Comp Max C. Tensile Max T

Check Check
Load comb. M b d Provided
ratio (dc) INA stress Stress stress Stress
2
(tm/m) mm mm mm mm mm4 Mpa Mpa Mpa Mpa
Cantilever Portion
SLS (R Comb.) 1.51 1000 172 1340 9.40 54 2E+08 3.6 16.8 OK 73 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 0.76 1000 172 1340 12.50 61 3E+08 1.6 12.6 OK 37 400 OK

SLS (R Comb.) 1.56 1000 272 1340 9.30 71 6E+08 1.8 16.8 OK 47 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 0.76 1000 272 1340 12.50 80 8E+08 0.8 12.6 OK 23 400 OK
Girder Top Flage Face
SLS (R Comb.) 3.76 1000 172 1340 7.52 50 2E+08 9.7 16.8 OK 181 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 0.76 1000 172 1340 12.50 61 3E+08 1.6 12.6 OK 37 400 OK
Girder web Face

SLS (R Comb.) 3.76 1000 272 1340 7.52 65 5E+08 4.6 16.8 OK 112 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 0.76 1000 272 1340 12.50 80 8E+08 0.8 12.6 OK 23 400 OK
Intermediate span
SLS (R Comb.) 4.12 1000 172 1340 6.43 47 2E+08 11.3 16.8 OK 196 300 OK
SLS (QP Comb.) 0.12 1000 172 1340 12.50 61 3E+08 0.3 12.6 OK 6 400 OK
C) SLS CRACK WIDTH CHECK (QUASI PERMANENT LOAD COMBINATION)

1) CHECK Ast,min for crack control
Load b h d Act =bh/2 ss = fyk k kc As,min =kc k fct,eff Act h k
comb. mm mm mm mm 2
Mpa / ss As,provided Check 0 1
Cantilever Portion 0.3 1
Cantilever (Girder Top Flange Face) 0.8 0.65
SLS QP 1000 230 172 115000 500.00 1.00 0.4 255 1340 OK 3 0.65
SLS QP 1000 330 272 165000 500.00 1.00 0.4 366 1340 OK
SLS QP 1000 230 172 115000 500.00 1.00 0.4 255 1340 OK
Girder web Face
SLS QP 1000 330 272 165000 500.00 1.00 0.4 366 1340 OK
Intermediate span
SLS QP 1000 230 172 115000 500.00 1.00 0.4 255 1340 OK
2) CHECK FOR MAXIMUM SPACING b/w bars.

Spacing b/w bars Check
Load comb. Bar dia cover Provided Calculated
feq c mm mm
Cantilever Portion
SLS QP 16 50 150 290 OK
SLS QP 16 50 150 290 OK
SLS QP 16 50 150 290 OK
Girder web Face
SLS QP 16 50 150 290 OK
Intermediate span
SLS QP 16 50 150 290 OK
3) CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH
esm - ecm =Max [ [ ssc -
smax =3.4c +
0.17 f /rPeff
hc,eff =Min [ 2.5 ( h - rpeff = kt fct,eff ( 1+ ae rP,eff ) /
ssc
d ) , ( h - x/3 ) , A ceff = A s/Ac,eff ae = rP,eff ] /Es ,
x =neutral axis
Load comb. h/2] hc,eff *b Asprovided depth kt Es/Ecm' 0.6ssc/Es ] wk check
mm mm2 mm2 mm Mpa mm
Cantilever Portion
SLS QP 115 115000 1340 0.012 403.36094 37.48 60.99 0.5 12.50 0.0001124 0.045 OK
SLS QP 145 145000 1340 0.009 464.2377 23.18 80.18 0.5 12.50 6.953E-05 0.032 OK
SLS QP 115 115000 1340 0.012 403.36094 37.48 60.99 0.5 12.50 0.0001124 0.045 OK
Girder web Face
SLS QP 145 145000 1340 0.009 464.2377 23.18 80.18 0.5 12.50 6.953E-05 0.032 OK
Intermediate span
SLS QP 115 115000 1340 0.012 403.36094 5.90 60.99 0.5 12.50 1.771E-05 0.007 OK
SUPERSTRUCTURE - STRESS SUMMARY
Parameter Unit Required Provided/Available Status
Minimum Web Thickness requirement of Plate Girder mm 11.3 20 OK

Web Depth requirement of Plate Girder mm 1880 2198 OK
Design Bending Strength of the section for Plate Girder kNm 20997 25412 OK
Self wt stage, Stress check at top fibre for Plate Girder Mpa 64 345 OK
Self wt stage, Stress check at bottom fibre for Plate Girder Mpa 52 345 OK
Stiffener Outstand Length for Plate Girder mm 179 200 OK
Shear capacity for Plate Girder KN 1878 7771 OK
Design Fatigue Bending Stress in Top flange Section Mpa 10.0 82 OK
Design Fatigue Bending Stress in Bottom flange Section Mpa 29 82 OK
Design Fatigue Shear Stress in Section Mpa 6 73 OK
Green conc stage, Top fibre Mpa 182 270 OK
Green conc stage, Bottom fibre Mpa 146 355 OK
Stress check for Composite Girder in Top fibre Mpa 255 270 OK
Stress check for Composite Girder in Bottom fibre Mpa 313 345 OK
Deflection due to Live Load mm 38.0 58.8 OK
Shear Connector Spacing Requirement mm 259 150 OK
Shear capacity of Bolt for Web Splice in Vertical direction tonne 7.6 16.3 OK
Shear capacity of Bolt for Web Splice in Horizontal direction tonne 1.1 21.7 OK
For Ultimate Strength - Bearing capacity of Bolt in Web splice tonne 7.7 14.4 OK
Tension capacity of Bolt in Web splice tonne 7.7 16.5 OK
Combined Shear and Tension capacity in Web splice tonne 0.4 1.0 OK
For Ultimate Strength - Bearing capacity of Bolt in Bottom Flange splice tonne 6.9 20.9 OK
Tension capacity of Bolt in Bottom Flange splice tonne 6.9 16.5 OK
Combined Shear and Tension capacity in Bottom Flange splice tonne 0.4 1.0 OK
For Ultimate Strength - Bearing capacity of Bolt in Top Flange splice tonne 8.4 16.7 OK
Tension capacity of Bolt in Top Flange splice tonne 8.4 16.5 OK
Combined Shear and Tension capacity in Top Flange splice tonne 0.4 1.0 OK
For Ultimate Strength - Bearing capacity of Bolt in End Diaphragm Web splice tonne 6.9 11.1 OK
Tension capacity of Bolt in End Diaphragm Web splice tonne 6.9 16.5 OK
Combined Shear and Tension capacity in End Diaphragm Web splice tonne 0.3 1.0 OK
Web Thickness of End Diaphragm mm 10 16 OK
Web Depth of End Diaphragm mm 100 1600 OK
Design Bending Strength of the section for End Diaphragm kNm 1082 7127 OK
Self wt stage, Stress check at top fibre for End Diaphragm Mpa 32 345 OK
Self wt stage, Stress check at bottom fibre for End Diaphragm Mpa 32 345 OK
Stiffener Outstand Length for End Diaphragm mm 135 195 OK
Shear capacity for End Diaphragm KN 1223 4784 OK
Design Fatigue Bending Stress in Top flange Section for End Diaphragm Mpa 1 82 OK
Design Fatigue Bending Stress in Bottom flange Section for End Diaphragm Mpa 1 82 OK
Design Fatigue Shear Stress in Section for End Diaphragm Mpa 0 73 OK
Cross Bracing Sectional Area requirement cm2 28 28 OK
Number of Bolts requirement for Cross bracing Nos. 2 3 OK
Shear Resistance for Seismic Stopper kN 1382 2020 OK
Moment Capacity of section for Seismic Stopper kNm 484 1364 OK
Bearing Load Calculation (with Live laod) :
1.25
L1 TRANS GUIDED FREE BEARING R1
2.50
FREE BEARING R2
L2 TRANS GUIDED
2.50 10.00
L3 FIXED BEARING LONG GUIDED R3
2.50
L4 TRANS GUIDED FREE BEARING R4
1.25
45.00
A1 Bearing Arrangement A2
1) Non-Seismic Case :
Reaction due to DL and SIDL over supports
Node DL SIDL Surfacing
kN kN kN
L1 FIXED 610 250 130 Total DL = 4880 kN
L2 FIXED 610 43 130 Total SIDL = 2212 kN
L3 FIXED 610 43 130
L4 FIXED 610 250 130
R1 FREE 610 250 130
R2 FREE 610 43 130
R3 FREE 610 43 130
R4 FREE 610 250 130
Reaction At Left & Right support due to Live Load without impact (from grillage model of structure)
L1 L2 L3 L4 R1 R2 R3 R4 Rq
S.No. Loads Considered
Max 364 489 408 135 356 440 372 440
1 Max Reaction 1108
Min -3 -1 -1 -7 -7 -1 -3 -7
Impact factor :
Effective Span = 45.00 m
Impact factor = 0.154
Summary of Maximum & Minimum vertical Loads over bearings only due to Live load including impact
Support No. Max Min
L1 420 -3
L2 564 -1
L3 471 -1
L4 156 -8
R1 411 -8
R2 508 -1
R3 429 -3
R4 508 -8
Rg = 3546 kN Reaction due to Permanent loads

Rq = 1108 kN Reaction due to Live load
Braking Force due to Live load :
Due To Class 70 RW = 1000 x 0.20 = 200 kN
Fh = 200 kN * Braking Force due to Live load
1) Non-Seismic Case :
Longitudional force over Bearing at Fixed End :
Total Longitudinal Force = Max of Fh- m(Rg+Rq) m = 0.03 and 0.05 which ever governinng
Fh/2+ m(Rg+Rq)
No Live Load
Total Longitudinal Force = mRg = 177 kN
For single train of 70R Wheeled :

Total Longitudinal Force = Max of 60 kN = 333 kN
333 kN
2) Seismic Longitudinal case :

Seismic zone = V
Z = 0.36
*No seismic component of live load is considered in longitudinal direction
Sa / g = 2.50
Response reduction factor R = 1.0
Importance Factor = 1.2
= 0.540
Av = Ah 2/ 3 = 0.360
Seismic component of DL = 2635 kN (Full span)

Seismic component of SIDL = 1194 kN (Full span)
Seismic Component DL + SIDL = 3830 kN (Full span)
Live load considered : 20%

and no impact is considered
Braking foce due to LL (70 R single train) = 40 kN
Total horizontal force over fixed support = 3830 + 40
= 3870 kN
Longitudional force over Bearing at Fixed End :
Rg = 3546 kN
Rq = 222 kN 20% live load considered
No Live Load
External Horizontal force applied = 3830 kN
Total Longitudinal Force = Max of 3723 kN = 3723 kN (FULL SPAN)

2092 kN
With Live Load

Total Longitudinal Force = Max of 3757 kN = 3757 kN (FULL SPAN)

2123 kN
3) Seismic Transverse case :
Horizontal force over bearing at Fixed End :
a) Forces In longitudinal direction

Rg = 3546 kN
Rq = 222 kN 20% live load considered
No Live Load
Total Longitudinal Force = mRg = 177 kN
With Live Load

Total Longitudinal Force = Max of -73 kN = 208 kN

208 kN
b) Forces In Transverse
Horizontal seismic coefficent = 0.540
Seismic component of DL (Transverse) = 2635 kN
Seismic component of SIDL (Transverse) = 1194 kN
Live load considered : 20% and no impact is considered
Maximum LL over span = 1108 x 0.2

= 222 kN
Seismic component of LL (Transverse) = 120 kN
Braking force due to LL (Longitudinal) = 40 kN

Horizontal force in Transverse dir (Without Live Load) = 3830 kN
Horizontal force in Transverse dir (With Live Load) FhT = 3949 kN
Additional reactions overs each supports due to seismic transverse

Total depth of Super-structure = 1.97 m FLL
Cg of super structure above soffit = 1.31 m FSIDL
Cg of SIDL above soffit of super-structure = 2.368 m 3.368
Lever arm from soffit for LL = 3.168 m 2.568
Depth of bearing = 0.20 m (Assumed) FDL 7.50
1.51
Seismic Forces Fix/ Free End due to B1 B4
Seismic component of DL (Transverse) FDL = 1318 kN
Seismic component of SIDL (Transverse) FSIDL = 597 kN
Seismic component of LL (Transverse) FLL = 60 kN
+Ve reaction over B2

Due to DL seismic compenent = 266 kN
Due to SIDL seismic compenent = 204 kN
Due to LL seismic compenent = 27 kN
No-Live Load Condition

Total +ve reaction over bearing B2 = 470 kN
Total -ve reaction over bearing B1 = -470 kN
With Load Condition

Total +ve reaction over bearing B2 = 497 kN
Total -ve reaction over bearing B1 = -497 kN
Summary of Horizontal Forces At Fix & Free End:

Load Case Fix End
Hx Hz
Non-seismic
No-Live Load 177 0
With Live Load 333 0
Seismic Longitudinal
No-Live Load 3723 0
Seismic Transverse
No-Live Load 177 3830
Nos. of brg. Sharing Forces 4 2

Movement Calculation
o
Maximum temperature Tmax = 40.0 C
o
Minimum temperature Tmin = 2.5 C
o
Average Temprature Tav = 21.25 C
o
Temperature varation Tvar = ± 10 C
o
DT = Tmax - ( Tav - Tvar ) = 28.75 C
o
Coefficent of thermal expansion = 1.20E-05 / C
Creep coefficient = 1.900

Elastic strain at transfer = 0.00006
Creep strain = 0.00012
Movement due to creep = 5.18 mm
Shrinkage strain = 0.0002

Movement due to shrinkage = 9.00 mm
Movement in longitudinal direction :

Total long. movmnt due to temp. = a L DT = 15.53 mm
Shrinkage strain = 0.0002
Design movement in longitudinal direction = 29.71 mm
Total irreversible translation = 14.18 mm

Total reversible translation = 15.53 mm
Total factor for ULS = 1.35
Movement in Transverse direction :

Movement due to temprature = a L DT = 2.16 mm
Movement due to shrinkage = eL = 1.00 mm
Total Transverse movement = 3.16 mm
Movement due to creep = 0.58 mm
Design movement in transverse direction = 3.73 mm
Total irreversible translation = 1.58 mm

Total reversible translation = 2.16 mm
Rotation :
Grade of concrete = M 40
Modulus of elasticity for peramanent loads Ec1 = 16500 MPa
Modulus of elasticity for LL Ec2 = 33000 MPa
Longitudinal Transverse
a) Rotation due to Self weight (in rads) = 0.00610 0.00000
b) Rotation due to creep on Self weight (in rads) = 0.00549 0.00000
c) Rotation due to SIDL (in rads) = 0.00110 0.00003
d) Rotation due to creep on SIDL (in rads) = 0.00099 0.00003
b) Rotation due to LL (in rads) = 0.00210 0.00000
Total (in rads) = 0.01578 0.00006
Design rotation = 0.01578 radian
Summary of Maximum & Minimum vertical Loads over Left & Right bearings
LL seismic case
DL + SIDL LL Normal case Additional due to Seismic transverse
Support 20% of normal
No. Reaction Reaction Reaction Dead Load Live load
Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min Max Min
L1 990 990 420 -3 84 -1 470 -470 27 -27

L2 783 783 564 -1 113 0 470 -470 27 -27
L3 783 783 471 -1 94 0 470 -470 27 -27
L4 990 990 156 -8 31 -2 470 -470 27 -27
R1 990 990 411 -8 82 -2 470 -470 27 -27
R2 783 783 508 -1 102 0 470 -470 27 -27
R3 783 783 429 -3 86 -1 470 -470 27 -27
R4 990 990 508 -8 102 -2 470 -470 27 -27
Additional Maximum & Minimum Reactions overs bearing due seismic vertical component
Seismic vertical component of
DL + SIDL LL Maximum & Minimum Reactions due to Load Combinations
Support
No.
Reaction Reaction 1) DL+SIDL Normal case Seismic Long. Seismic Transv
Max Min Max Min Support No. Max Min Max Min Max Min
L1 356 -356 30 0 L1 990 990 1346 634 1346 634

L2 282 -282 41 0 L2 783 783 1065 501 1065 501
L3 282 -282 34 0 L3 783 783 1065 501 1065 501
L4 356 -356 11 -1 L4 990 990 1346 634 1346 634
R1 356 -356 30 -1 R2 990 990 1346 634 1346 634
R2 282 -282 37 0 R3 783 783 1065 501 1065 501
R3 282 -282 31 0 R4 783 783 1065 501 1065 501
R4 356 -356 37 -1 R5 990 990 1346 634 1346 634
2) DL+SIDL+LL Normal case Seismic Long. Seismic Transv
Max Min Max Min Max Min
L1 1410 987 1461 633 1488 606
L2 1347 782 1218 501 1245 474
L3 1254 782 1193 501 1220 474
L4 1146 982 1389 631 1416 605
R1 1401 982 1458 631 1485 605
R2 1291 782 1203 501 1230 474
R3 1212 780 1182 500 1208 473
R4 1498 982 1484 631 1511 605
Load Combinations
Particulars ULS COMB. SLS COMB.
LC-1 LC-2 LC-3 LC-4 LC-5 LC-6 LC-7 LC-8 LC-9 LC-10 LC-11 LC-12
DL 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.00 1.00 1.00
SIDL 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.35 1.00 1.00 1.00
SURFACING 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.20 1.20 1.20
LIVE LOAD 0.00 1.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00
LL Horiz 1.50 1.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00
CENTRIFUGAL 0.00 1.50 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00
SEISMIC X 0.00 0.00 1.50 1.50 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SEISMIC Y 0.00 0.00 0.45 -0.45 1.50 -1.50 0.45 -0.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
SEISMIC Z 0.00 0.00 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 1.50 1.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Summary of Loads (Outer Bearings)
Vertical Longitudinal Transverse

MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN
DL 610 610
SIDL 250 43
SURF 130 130
LL 564 -8
LLH 83 44
Centrifugal 0 0 0 0 0 0
SX 939 931
SY 853 -853
SZ 1975 1915
Vertical Longitudinal Transverse

MAX MIN MAX MIN MAX MIN
LC-1 1389 1109 125 66 0 0
LC-2 2235 1097 125 66 0 0
LC-3 1885 723 1425 1405 889 862
LC-4 1117 1491 1425 1405 889 862
LC-5 2781 -173 439 428 889 862
LC-6 221 2388 439 428 889 862
LC-7 1885 723 439 428 2962 2872
LC-8 1117 1491 439 428 2962 2872
LC-9 1389 1109 0 0 0 0
LC-10 1016 809 83 44 0 0
LC-11 1580 801 83 44 0 0
LC-12 1016 809 0 0 0 0
A.1 Typical Load Data Format
Bearing Identification mark
1 Fixed Free Long Trans
Type of Bearing
Bearing Bearing Guided Guided
2 Number Off 1 3 1 3
Structural Structural
Structural steel Structural steel
3 Upper Surface steel steel
Seating Material and Character
Strength Lower Surface Concrete Concrete Concrete Concrete
Serviceability 324 324 324 324

Upper Surface
Allowable contact Pressure Ultimate 410 410 410 410
4
(N/sqmm) 17.9 17.9 17.9 17.9
Lower Surface Serviceability
Ultimate 40 40 40 40
Max 1580 1580 1580 1580
Serviceability Vertical Permanent 1016 1016 1016 1016
Limit State Min 801 801 801 801
(SLS) Longitudinal 83 0 0 83
Horizontal
Transverse 0 0 0 0
5 Design Load (kN)
Max 2781 2781 2781 2781
Vertical Permanent 1389 1389 1389 1389
Ultimate Limit
Min 107 107 107 107
State (ULS)
Longitudinal 1425 0 0 1425
Horizontal
Transverse 2962 0 2962 0
Longitudinal - 14.2 14.2 -
Serviceability Irreversible
Transverse - 1.6 - 1.6
Limit State
Longitudinal - 15.5 15.5 -
(SLS) Reversible
Displacement Transverse - 2.2 - 2.2
6
(mm) Longitudinal - 19.1 19.1 -
Irreversible
Ultimate Limit Transverse - 2.1 - 2.1
State (ULS) Longitudinal - 21.0 21.0 -
Reversible
Transverse - 2.9 - 2.9
Longitudinal 0.0137 0.0137 0.0137 0.0137
Serviceability Irreversible
Rotation Transverse 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
7 Limit State
(Radians) Longitudinal 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021 0.0021
(SLS) Reversible
Transverse 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Longitudinal 650 650 650 650
Upper Surface
Maximum Bearing Transverse 650 650 650 650
8 Dimensions (mm), Longitudinal 1000 1000 1000 1000
Lower Surface
if restricted Transverse 1000 1000 1000 1000
Overall Height (Bearing + Pedestal) (mm) 350 350 350 350
Maximum acceptable reaction to rotation under Longitudinal NA NA NA NA
9
Serviceability Limit State (kN x m), if restricted Transverse NA NA NA NA
Upper Surface Bearing plate Bearing plate Bearing plate Bearing plate
10 Type of Fixing Required
Lower Surface Dowel/Stud Dowel/Stud Dowel/Stud Dowel/Stud

Superstructure - SC Girder (47m EJ) - 4 Girders

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Superstructure - SC Girder (47m EJ) - 4 Girders

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INDEX

Sr. No. Content

2 Characteristic Stresses and material constants

3 Static Load Calculation

6 Differential Temperature Calculations

7 Design of inner and outer plate girder (Full load)

8 Design of inner and outer plate girder (green concrete stage)

9 Check for ULS stresses for the composite section

10 Check for deflection

11 Design of shear connector

12 Web Splice Design (Main girder)

13 Bottom Flange Splice Design (Main girder)

14 Top Flange Splice Design (Main girder)

15 Design of End Diaphragm

16 Design of Cross Bracing

17 Design of Bolted Connection In Bracing

18 Design of Transverse/Longitudinal Seismic Stopper (Restraints)

19 Design of Temporary Lateral Support of Individual Girder

20 Design of Deck Slab

Sr. No. Design Chainage (CA) Proposed Chainage (P&P)

Designed Checked Approved

1.0 Input Data

CRASH BARRIER 0.45

Designed Checked Approved

Nos of Girder = 4 1.968

c/L Jack (typ.)

1.250 2.500 0.900

Summary of section properties:

1.3 Sectional Properties Used for Analysis of Structure

20 Izz = 625*28^3/12+625*28*(1968-14-877.03)^2 +20*1900^3/12

Composite for transient loading (For LL) - Outer Girders

Z Z Izz = 52050512424+(2500*230^3/12+2500*230 *(1968+115-

(At Top Fibre) 110182277772/(1968+230-1457.92)*7.5 =

Z3 : (At Bottom Fibre) 110182277772/1457.92 = 7.56E+07 mm3

Designed Checked Approved

Composite for permanent loading (For SIDL) - Outer Girders

Izz = 52050512424+(2500*230^3/12+2500*230 *(1968+115-

Z1 : (At Top Fibre) 90283686421/(1968+230-1,259.61)*15 = 1.44E+09 mm3

Z3 : (At Bottom Fibre) 90283686421/1,259.61 = 7.17E+07 mm3

Composite for transient loading (For LL) - Inner Girders

Z Z Izz = 52050512424+(2500*230^3/12+2500*230 *(1968+115-

(At Top Fibre) 110182277772/(1968+230-1457.92)*7.5 =

Z3 : (At Bottom Fibre) 110182277772/1457.92 = 7.56E+07 mm3

Designed Checked Approved

Composite for permanent loading (For SIDL) - Inner Girders

Z1 : (At Top Fibre) 90283686421/(1968+230-1,259.61)*15 = 1.44E+09 mm3

Z3 : (At Bottom Fibre) 90283686421/1,259.61 = 7.17E+07 mm3

End Cross girder - Steel only

Z2 : = 2.01E+07 mm3 (At Top Fibre)

3 Z3 : = 2.01E+07 mm3 (At Bottom Fibre)

End Cross girder - Composite properties

3 Z2 : = 1.04E+08 mm3 (At Intersection Fibre between concrete and steel)

Seismic arrestor (Longitudinal)

Z2 : = 4.55E+06 mm3 (At Top Fibre)

3 Z3 : = 4.55E+06 mm3 (At Bottom Fibre)

Designed Checked Approved

2.0 Characteristic Stresses and material constants

Grade of concrete for deck slab = M 35 Mpa

Partial safety factor γm = 1.1

3.0 Static Load Calculation

Udl for slab on outer girder = 16.4 kN/m

2) Superimposed Dead load (SIDL) - Crash Barrier & Wearing course

SIDL - Wearing Course

20 Izz = 62528^3/12+62528(1968-14-877.03)^2 +201900^3/12

Z Z Izz = 52050512424+(2500230^3/12+2500230 *(1968+115-

Izz = 52050512424+(2500230^3/12+2500230 *(1968+115-

Z Z Izz = 52050512424+(2500230^3/12+2500230 *(1968+115-