PHYTOTHERAPY for

Reproductive System
Reproductive System
• The reproductive system becomes active after puberty. During puberty the
reproductive organs mature to create a fertile individual capable of
reproducing. The primary sex organs produce the sex cells (egg/sperm)
and sex hormones. The accessory sex organs are all the components
involved in maintaining the sex cell and assisting in the process of
fertilization.
Spermatogenesis: these are the stages involved in sperm formation.
• Stage 1: formation of spermatocytes: spermatogonia divide by
mitosis to produce two daughter cells, one remains in the germ line
(to continue regeneration of more spermatogonia) and the other one
goes on to become sperm.

• Stage 2: Meiosis: this is a reduction division that takes a cell through

two rounds of division. At the end four genetically distinctive cells
(spermatids) are created which will each mature into a sperm.

• Stage 3: Spermiogenesis: spermatids mature into sperm, the cell

develops a long flagella, a mid piece with high mitochondria count,
and a “head” filled with DNA= the nucleus. At the tip of the head lies
a sac filled with digestive enzymes called the acromosome
• Other cells in the testicles perform jobs like assisting the cells to
mature and exit the scrotum (referred to as nurse cells), produce
male androgen (like testosterone), and muscular cells that cause
tiny contractions to push the sperm out of the testes. When sperm
leaves the seminiferous tubules it travels down the efferent tubules
towards the epididymis.
• II. The female reproductive system:
• These organs produce the ova (eggs), sex hormones, and provide an
environment for internal fertilization and development of the fetus. They
undergo changes according to the menstrual cycle. Mammary glands are
considered part of this system because they nourish the infant.
• 3. Uterine cycle: also called the menstrual cycle, it relates to changes
occurring in the endometrium of the uterus that are induced by female sex
hormones.

• Menstrual phase: (days 1-5) during this phase the endometrium is shed
• III. Pregnancy and childbirth: This section briefly describes the evens that
occur in the woman’s body during fertilization, pregnancy, and childbirth.
• A. Pregnancy: occurs once an egg is successfully fertilized and
successfully implants.
•2. Implantation: Six days after fertilization the
blastocyst implants as it burrows into the
endometrium. At this point some cells will become
the developing embryo and some the placenta. As
the trophoblast burrow into the endometrium it
causes bleeding (about 10-12 days after
fertilization).
• 4. The placenta: produces hormones such as progesterone and human
chorionic gandotropin HCG that keep the placenta attached. It prevents
bacteria from the mother to transfer to the child, allows nutrients and
antibodies to flow from mother to child, and the transfer of waste from child
to mother. Viruses and drugs do cross the placenta. As soon as one week
after fertilization HCG can be detected in blood test and two to three weeks
in urine.
 THERAPY HERBAL

Cimicifuga racemosa radix

 Cimicifuga racemosa

Gaube et al.,Gene expression profiling reveals effects of Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) NUTT. (black cohosh) on the estrogen receptor positive
human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, ,BMC Pharmacology 7(1):11