MA’AM ANTIGO REVIEWER

RAISE ORGANIC CHICKEN

Q1. What are the 4 stages of growing chickens and respective

durations?
1. Incubation – 21 days (eggs)
2. Brooding -21 days (chicks/starter0
3. Hardening- 22-32 days (grower)
4. Ranging – 33-70 days (finisher)

Q2. What are the standard space requirements of raising

chickens?
1. Brooding - 50 chicks/sqm.
2. Hardening and Ranging - 10 chickens/ sqm.

Q3. What is the required temperature in the incubator?

1. 37.5-37.8 degrees Celsius

Q4. What is the duration of incubation for chicken eggs?

1. 21 days

Q5. What are the factors for successful brooding?

1. Temperature
2. Space Requirement
3. Brooding design
4. Feeding and watering

Q6. What are the forms of feeds?

1. Mash
2. Crumble
 3. Pellets

Q7. What does culling mean?

1. Removal of unprofitable/unproductive birds from the flock.
2. Undesirable are those that are sick, non-laying and poor producer.

Q8. How do you classify a good breeder stock from a bad

stock?
1. Comb and wattle
2. Shiny feathers
3. Bright eyes
4. Clean beaks
5. Wide and clean vent
6. No deformities and diseases. Healthy.

Q9. Why is lighting management necessary to layers?

1. Affect egg production.
2. Increased light in chicken house stimulates the birds to mature thus
produce more eggs.
3. Decreased light retards the birds and minimizes egg production.

Q10. In case a disease outbreak, what steps should be taken?

1. Implement biosecurity measures in the farm.
2. Isolate or quarantine the affected chickens.
3. Give natural remedies and other medication program.
4. Consult a veterinarian and threat with natural inputs.

Q11. In case of cannibalism in your stocks, what necessary

steps should be taken to prevent more casualties?
1. Identify the cause
2. Review the feeding program
 3. Provide right quantity of feed rations
4. Debeaking

Q12. What are the different breeds of chickens and its

characteristics?
Native Breeds : Foreign Breeds :

1. Paraoakan 1. Sasso
2. Darag 2. Chinese Chicken
3. Banaba 3. Rhode island
4. Labuyo 4. White Leg Horn
5. Joloanon/Asil

Q13. What are the space requirements for brooding and

ranging stage?
1. Brooding – 50 chicks/sqm.
2. Ranging- 1 sq foot : 1 chicken

Q14. If sudden drop of egg production occur, what action

would you take?
1. Investigate and determine the cause.
2. Implement full biosecurity measures in the farm
3. Review feed mixing and feeding programs

Q15. What are the standard classifications of eggs?

Classification Weight

 Extra Large (XL) - 62 grams up

 Large (L) - 55-61 grams
 Medium (M) - 48-54 grams
  Small (S) - 41-47 grams
 Peewee - below 41 grams

PRODUCE ORGANICE FERTILIZER (Reviewer ng OAP NCII)

Q1. Magbigay ng mga halimbawa ng mga organikong pataba?

1. Fortified Organic Fertilizer

2. Fortified Compost Fertilizer
3. Aerobic/anaerobic Fertilizer
4. CRH
5. Compost
6. Vermicast /vermicompost
7. Decomposed/ processed animal manure

Q2. How do you prepare the composting area?

1. Consider the volume

2. Area with minimal sunlight/shaked area
3. Good drainage system and minimum or no point of contamination.

Q3. What are the characteristics of a good composting site?

1. Good drainage system

2. Availability of water supply
3. Proximity to the source of raw materials
4. Accessibility of the composting site
5. Area of minimum contamination
6. Area of minimal sunlight

Q4. What are the basic raw materials for composting?

1. Carbon Materials ( rice, straw, stalks, sugarcane, bagasse, dried weeds, saw
dust)
 2. Nitrogen Materials (animal manure, leguminous plants, plant residues,
kitchen wastes)

Q5. What are the procedures for producing vermicast and vermicompost

1. Prepare the worm bin

2. Apply the first layer-manure
3. 2nd layer- farm wastes
4. 3rd layer- manure
5. 4th layer- farm wastes
6. 5th layer-manure
7. Water every layer with IMO and molasses solution
8. Ferment for 2 weeks
9. Apply worms
10.Cover and let the worms compost then substrates for 1 month
11.Harvest

Q6. How do you apply liquid fertilizer?

1. Foliar Spray
2. Drenching

Note: Application of foliar spray should be either early in the morning

or late in the afternoon.

Q7. How does a fertilizer become organic?

1. No chemical residues
2. Raw materials are natural and organic matter
3. Undergone fermentation or decomposition process
4. Have lots of beneficial bacteria activity

Q8. How do you preserve the potency of organic fertilizers?

1. Store in dry, dark and cool place

2. Packaging material should be lined with plastic.
 3. Keep in a sealed container to prevent air-borne contamination.

Q9. What are the macro and micro elements of fertilizer?

1. Macro- nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium

2. Micro- manganese, boron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, molybdenum,
copper, chlorine, nickel.

Q10. How do you make a fortified compost fertilizer?

Materials:

1. 100 kg shredded farm wastes (dried leaves, rice straw, vegetable,

trimmings, twigs)
2. 30 Liters IMO solution (1 L IMO: 29 Liters of water)
3. 100 kg soil
4. 15 Liters FAA solution (50 ml FAA: 14. 5 Liters of water
5. 100 kg decomposed animal manure
6. 15 Liters FAA/Calphos/FFJ solution (300 ml FAA/ 100 ML CalP/100 ML FFJ:
14.5 Liters of water x2)

Procedure:

1. Pile 100mkg of shredded farm wastes and water w/ 30 Liters IMO solution
2. Wait for 3 days
3. Add 100 kg soil into the pile and water with 15 liters FAA solution
4. Wait for 3 days
5. Add 100 kg of decomposed animal manure and water with 15 Liters FAA,
CAlPhos, FFJ solution
6. Wait for 3 days
7. Repeat step 5 (liquid only) every day for 12 days
 8. If it is not hot anymore or the temperature lowered down, it is ready to
use.

Q11. How do you make a Fortified Organic Fertilizer?

Materials:

1. 100 kg D2 rice bran

2. 3o liters IMO solution ( 1 liters IMO:29 liters of water)
3. 2oo kg decomposed animal manure
4. 30 L FAA solution ( 1 L FAA of water ) x2
5. 100 kg soil
6. 300 L FAA/FFJ/ CAlPhos solution
7. 15 Liters FFA/FFJ solution
8. 100 kg CRH
9. 100 kg vermicast
10.30 L IMO/FAA solution

Procedure:

1. Pile 100 kg of D2 and water with 3o L IMO solution

2. Water for 3 days
3. Add 100 kg decomposed animal manure and water with 30 Liters FAA
solution
4. Wait for 3 days
5. Add 100 kg of soil and water 300 L FAA/FFJ/CAlP solution
6. Wait for 3 days
7. Water with 15 liters FFA/FFJ solution for 5 days
8. Add 10 kg of CRH water with 30 Liters FAA solution
9. Wait for 3 days
10.Add 100 kg vermicast water with 30 LITERS IMO/FAA solution
11.Wait for 3 days
12.Ready to use

Q12. What are the advantages of organic fertilizer over chemical fertilizer?
Organic fertilizer

 Improves soil pH
 Lowers toxicity level of micronutrients
 Increase population diversity of beneficial microorganism
 Promotes biodiversity

Chemical-based Fertilizer

 Contributes to the acidity of the soil

 Increases toxicity of the soil because of accumulate heavy metals
 Kills most of beneficial microorganisms in the soil
 Kills micro flora and fauna. Destabilizes the ecosystem

Q13. Explain the carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N ratio ) when composting

1. Organic matter are carbon based material and needs nitrogen to heat up
the carbon. Optimum C/N ratio is 75:25 to facilitate a good decomposition.
The nitrogen will heat up the carbon materials which activates the
microbes to decompose the materials.
2. Too much nitrogen will produce excess ammonia resulting to ammonia
poisoning. Lesser nitrogen will not produce heat and the compost will take
longer to decompose.
Produce organic concoctions

Q1. What are the 7 organic concoctions?

1. IMO
2. FAA
3. FPJ
4. FFJ
5. CALPHOS
6. OHN 1+2
7. LABS
 IMO- INDIGENOUS MICROORGANISMS
Materials: -1ksg cooked rice

2kgs molasses

Procedures:

1. Wash the rice properly

2. Cook it normally ( not too wet and not too dry)
3. Transfer the 1/4 full cook rice into the bamboo pole
4. Cover it with 2 layered manila paper and cellophane then tie with rubber
bands and put markings
5. Keep it under the bamboo forest
6. After 3-5 days , collect the white colored molds (black molds discard)
7. Weigh the collected rise and molds then add molasses in equal weight (1:1)
8. Put in plastic container and wipe the mouth of the pail, cover it with 2
layered manila paper and put markings. Sermon for 1 week.
9. Drain the liquid and place another container. Loosen the cap for 1 week
10.IMO is ready to use after fermentation
USAGE: plants- stronger immune system

Animals- stronger immune systems

- Removes foul odor

- Mix with drinking water
DOSAGE: 2tsbp/ L of water

-spray and drench for 2x a week

-total fermentation: 12 days

Fermented Fruit Juice (FFJ)

Materials: ( 1 fruit: 1 molasses)

 1 kg banana fruit
 1 kg papaya
 1kg squash/pumpkin/watermelon
 3kg molasses
Procedure:

1. Clean and wash fruits

2. Drain for 5 minutes
3. Slice to an inch size
4. Mix all fruits and molasses thoroughly in a plastic pail (20 liter capacity)
5. Put nylon screen on the top of the mixture
6. Put 5-8 pieces of 25-50 grams stone on top on the nylon screen
7. Wipe the mouth of the plastic pail
8. Cover with manila paper and add label. Ferment for 7 days
9. Extract the liquid and keep it in a plastic container
Usage: Plants - potassium fertilizer

Animals- taste enhancer, mix with drinking water

DOSAGE : 2tbsp/ L water

-spray and drench 2x a week

-total fermentation: 7 days

FERMENTED PLANT JUICE ( FPJ)

Materials – ( 2 plants: 1 molasses)

  1kg kangkong
 1kg kamote tops/ leguminous plants
 1kg banana stalks
 1.5kg molasses
PROCEDURE:

1. Clean and wash plants

2. Drain for 5 minutes
3. Slice to an inch size
4. Mix all plans and molasses for thoroughly in a plastic pail (20 liters capacity)
5. Put 5-8 pieces of 25-50 grams stone on top on the nylon screen
6. Wipe the mouth of the plastic pail
7. Cover with manila paper and add label. Ferment for 7 days
8. Extract the liquid and keep it in a plastic container
USAGE: plants- natural growth enhancer

-nitrogen fertilizer

Animals- natural growth enhancer

- Mix with drinking water

DOSAGE:

-2tbsp/ liters of water

- spray and drench 2x a wee

-total fermentation: 7 days

FISH AMINO ACID ( FAA)

Materials: (1kg fish: 1kg molasses)

 1 kg fresh fish, fish scraps and gills inerts

 1kg molasses
PROCEDURE:
 1. Clean and wash fish
2. Drain for 5 minutes
3. Slice to an inch size
4. Mix all fish and molasses for thoroughly in a plastic pail (20 liters capacity)
cover with manila paper and tie it with rubber bands
5. Put nylon screen at the top of the mixture
6. Put 5-8 pieces of 25-50 grams stone on top on the nylon screen
7. Wipe the mouth of the plastic pail
8. Cover with manila paper and add label. Ferment for 14days
9. Extract the liquid and keep it in a plastic container

USAGE: plants- nitrogen fertilizer

Animals- protein supplement

-mix with drinking water

DOSAGE:

 2tbsp/ liter of water

 Spray and drench 2x a week
 Total fermentation: 14 days
Q2 . How do you protect your concoctions from contaminations?

1. Clean and sterilized , equipment and working area before use

2. Wear proper PPEs
3. Prevent stray animals from coming into the farm
4. Wash materials before preparation
5. Avoid direct exposure to sunlight
6. Maintain room temperature
7. Apply proper cover to prevent air-borne contaminants
Q3. What are the importance of labeling in making organic concoctions?

1. Identification
2. Indicate time production and harvest
 3. Basic for record keeping
Q4. What is dilution rate of concoctions to water upon application?

1. 20 ml per liter of water

RAISE ORGANIC HOGS

Q1. How do you prevent in breeding in your stocks?

1. Castration
2. Proper record keeping
3. Purchase and introduce new breeder stocks from other farms
Q2. What are the good stock qualities of a breeder sow/ gilt?

1. Young female swine should have minimum of 6 pairs of well-developed

and properly space function teats
2. Long bodied sows are desirable because of the more spaced created for
under developed
3. Well-developed ham , lean and shoulder
4. Well place feet and legs. Medium short feet and short upright pasterns
are preferable
5. Select the biggest among the litters
6. Having a litter of 8 or more good-sized piglets with high survivability Is a
good female breeder
7. Well-developed vulva
8. Vulva slightly pointed downward
Q3. What are the good stock qualities of breeder bear?

1. No deformities
2. More vigorous
3. Well-developed sex organs
4. Equal size of testicles
5. Well-developed ham , loin and shoulders
6. Biggest among other bears
Q4. What are the 3 stages of fertility of sow/gilts?
 1. Preheat
2. Standing heat
3. Post heat
Q5. What are the good stock qualities of piglets?

1. Rounded body
2. Alert and lively
3. No abnormalities or deformities
4. Bright eyes
5. Don't have scars and any disease
6. No rancid smell
7. Short and shiny hairs
Q6 . What are the 5 nutrients of feeds?

1. Carbohydrates
2. Protein
3. Lipids
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
Q7 . What is the standard space requirements of pigs in the pig pen?

1. 1.5 square meter per head

Q8. What are advantages and disadvantages of natural breeding vs. artificial
insemination?

ADVANTAGES
 Owner actually sees the boar
 Less labor and equipment cost
 Increase the number of sows that can be serviced?
 Eliminates injuries during mating
 Reduces sexually transmitted disease
 Less transportation cost

DISADVANTAGES
  Limits the number of sows that can be serviced
 Occurrence of injuries during mating
 Increase sexually transmitted disease
 High transportation cost
 Laborious and requires Techniques
 High labor cost
 Expensive (laboratory and equipment)

COMPLETE THE TABLE

STARTER 4 WEEK CONVERSION PERIOD

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4

( acquisition and 37-52 days old 49-59 days old 51-66 days old
newly weened 30-
45 days old)
CF FF CF FF CF FF CF FF SL

Q10. What are the ingredients in preparing pig beddings?

1. 8 sacks of carbon materials- rice hull, sawdust, Coconut husks

2. 1sacks soil
3. 1 sack CRH
4. 5kgs salt
5. IMO, molasses and water

FIRST VIDEO

Base in Philippine Standards (Standards ng TESDA)

:Kailangan sundin ang standards ng TESDA para makapasa ng NC.

PRODUCE ORGANIC VEGETABLES

1. Paano itanatanim ang buto sa seedling tray?

 Paghaluin ang mga sangkap na vermicast, CHR at lupa – 1:1:1 ang ratio.
 Pagtimpla ng mga concoctions sa tubig.
 Paghalu haluin lahat ng sangkap saka diligan ng tinimpla (30-40-% moisture
content)
 Ilipat sa seedling tray ang tinimplang potting mix.
 Seedling Potting Mix (punch holes into the tray using an empty tray)
2. Paano itinatanim ang buto sa seedling tray?
 Butasan ang potting mix na nakalagay sa seedling tray.
 Magpunla ng buto. Isang buto sa isang butas.
 Diligan ang mga bagong punla na buto.
 Lagyan ng label- pangalan ng itinanim na gulay, kailan ipinunla, kailan
ililipat tanim at pangalan ng tao na nagtanim.
 Apply Markings- write the variety, date of sowing, date of transplant and
name of the person who sown the seeds.
3. Ayon sa Philippine National Standards ano ang mga batayan sa pagpili ng
buto?
 Selection of Seed Standards
 Ito ay galing sa certified organic seed producer.
 Hindi dapat ito GMO.
 Hindi man ito galing sa certified organic seed producer, dapat hindi
ito ginagamitan ng mga kemikal.
4. Anu-ano ang mga katangian ng isang organikong seedling nursery?
 Malinis at walang kontaminasyon at mayroong buffer zone kung
kinakailangan.
 Mayroong shade/screen or plastic na bubong upang proteksyon sa
matinding init at ulan.
 Mayroong supply ng malinis at hindi klorinadong tubig.
 Mayroong mga concoctions.
 Malinis na mga garden tools.
 Bawal ang mga galang hayop.
 Magkaroon ng tamang record.
5. Ano ang dalawang uri ng basal application?
 Surface of the soil.
 Beneath of the soil.
6. Paano ginagawa ang beneath the soil and preparation?
 Maghukay ng kanal sa gitna ng plot.
 Ikalat ang mga farm waste tulad ng mga pinagpiliang gulay at dumi
ng hayop sa kanal.
 Budboran ng fortified na pataba.
 Diligan ng IMO
  Takpan ang kanal ng lupa.
 Lagyan ng mulch.
 Maghintay ng 14 araw o 2 linggo bago taniman.
7. Paano ginagawa ang surface of the soil land preparation?
 Magbudbod ng organikong pataba sa ibabaw ng lupa.
 Lagyan ng mulch.
 Diligan ng IMO.
 Maghintay ng 7 araw bago ito taniman.
8. Anu-ano ang mga hakbang ng pagla-land preparation?
 Tanggalin ang mga damo at mg bato.
 Araruhin
 Durugin/Pinuhin
 Gawan ng mga kamang taniman
 Sterilization
 Lagyan ng basal
 Mulching
9. Ano ang palatandaan na maaari nang ilipat-tanim ang isang seedling?
 Age
 May 2-3 dahon
10.Ito ay ang paglilipat ng tanim galing sa nursery papunta sa kamang taniman.
A. Transplating o paglilipat tanim
11.Paano isinasagawa ang paglilipat tanim?
 Alamin muna kung ano ang tamang distansya ng mga tanim.
 Maghukay ng butas kung saan itatanim ang mga seedling.
 Tanggalin ng dahan-dahan ang seedling mula sa tray o cup.
 Ilagay ito sa butas at tabunan ng lupa kasing taas lang din ng potting
mix.
 Diligan ito sa katawan para dumerecho sa ugat.
12.Paano gamitin ang backpack sprayer?
FOLIAR SPRAY
1. Calibrate the backpack sprayer
 Pump
 Nozzle (rate of spray)
 On-off knob
 Sprayer cap
2. Wear PPE (Hats, pantalon, jacket anything na mahaba)
3. Magtimpla ng concoctions sa tubig
 4. Isalin sa backpack sprayer
5. Takpan ang backpack sprayer
6. Isuot ang backpack sprayer sa likod at bombahin ng kaunti para
magkaroon ng pressure.
7. Kapag puno na ang pressure, tsaka muna i-spray sa ibabaw at ilalim ng
dahon.
13.Ano yung best time to spray?
 Spray only in the morning (5-9 AM ) after 3-6 pm (afternoon)
 Spray onto top and under the leaves.
14.Paano patatabain ang lupa sa organikong pamamaraan?
 Gumamit ng mga organikong pataba
 Wag mag iispray ng mga kemikal
 Gawin ang crop rotation at iwan ang mono cropping
 Ipahinga ang lupa pagkatapos ng anihan
15.Anu-ano ang mga halimbawa ng maturity index?
 Size- haba, kapal, taas, kabilugan
 Bilang ng dahon
 Tigas o lambot
 Lasa- tamis, asim, pait
 Timbang
 Kulay
 Development ng buto
 Amoy
16.Paano ang harvest at post-harvest procedures?
 Ihanda ang gagamitin sa pag haharvest
 Suot ng PPE
 Gumamit ng gunting kapag tatanggalin muna sa puno
 After mag harvest, dalhin mo na sa post harvest facility
 Timbangin, hugasan ang mga gulay , ipasok sa sorting, packaging,
17.Anu-ano ang mga natural na pamamaraan ng pag sugpo sa mga kalabang
insekto nang hindi gumagamit ng mga kemikal?
 Multi-cropping
 Crop rotation
 Companion planting
 Net bagging
 Beneficial insects
 Flower-amarilyo at cosmos
  OHN
18.Magbigay ng mga pangkaraniwang peste na sumisira sa taniman.
 Socking insects – sumisipsip ng mga katas ng halaman
 Choppers- ngumangatngat ng mga dahon
Examples of Insects -fruit fly, aphids, cucurbit beetle, white fly,
spider mites, flea beetle, ibon, daga, aso, pusa

19.Magbigay ng pangkaraniwang sakit ng gulay

 Bacterial
 Fungal
 Nematicidal
 Viral
Fungus – anthracnose, downy mildew, late blight, mosaic virus, powdery mildew,
bacterial leaf spot, bacterial wilt, virus, nematodes and fungus
20.Magbigay ng ibat-ibang families ng gulay
 Solanacious- kamatis, talong, sili
 Cucurbits- pipino, ampalaya, upo
 Leafy- petchay, mustasa, letsugas
 Legumes- sitaw, bataw, patani, kundol
 Crucifers- kale, cauliflower,broccoli
 Herbs- pasley, rosemary, thyme, mint basil
21.Paano ginagawa ang pag-aalaga sa mga halaman?
 Pagbisita sa taniman araw-araw
 Pagdidilig
 Pang tatanggal ng damo
 Pag spray ng mga orgnikong concoctions
 Pagtatanim ng mga herbs at iba pang halaman na pang tabay sa taniman
 Crop rotation
22.Paano ina-apply ang basal at foliar na fertilizer
A: Ang basal fertilizer ay inihahalo sa lupa habang ang foliar fertilizer naman
ay iniispray sa mga dahon at ipinang didilig
23.Paano mag record ng mga gawain sa farm o ano ang kailangan I record sa
farm?
 Activities, petsa, mga ginamit na pataba, gastusin, taong gumawa, iba pang
kailangang ilista
24.Anu-ano yung PPE na suot kapag nagtatrabaho sa bukid?
 Boots, gwantes, hat, facemask, damit na pang bukid (mahaba pero
magaan), pang ibaba (maong, jogging pants).