Senior High School

Philippine Politics
and Governance
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
The Concept, Relationship and
Importance of Politics, Governance
and Governmen
Philippine Politics and Governance for Grade 12

I
 Quarter 1 – Module 1: The Concept, Relationship and Importance of Politics
Governance and Government

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of
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condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education-CEBU CITY DIVISION Region

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 Development Team of the Module

Compiler/Contextualizer:
Edwin L. Perino, J.D., Apas National High School
Vivian E. Emping , MT-1 -Apas National High School Editors /
Reviewers:
Alice Ganar, Anna Hazel Vasaya, John Paul Kapuno, Joy Andilab,
Remus C. Marińas, Daisy Von Dy and Florenda Geyroza Management
Team:
RHEA MAR A. ANGTUD, EdD
Schools Division Superintendent

DR. GRECIA F. BATALUNA

Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

DR. LUIS DERASIN, Jr.

EPS- Araling Panlipunan/SHS Division Coordinator

VANESSA L. HARAYO,LLB
EPS-in-charge of LRMS

Department of Education – School Division of Cebu City, Region VII

Office Address: New Imus Ave., Barangay Day-as Cebu City
Telephone No: (032) 253 2559
E-mail Address: cebu.city@deped.gov.ph

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Philippine Politics
and
III
 Governance
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
The Concept, Relationship and
Importance of
Politics, Governance and

Government

Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Philippine Politics and Governance, a specialized subject for

Senior High School offered in grade 12, module 1 entitled The Concept,
Relationship and Importance of Politics, Governance and Government.

This module was designed to assist learning delivery mode of senior high
school curriculum following the set of competencies based on Most Essential
Learning Competencies (MELCs) released by DepEd central office. As facilitators for
learning, teachers will guide and assist students to achieve the required learning set
of standards in the K-12 curriculum while keeping learners safe in their respective
homes in this time of pandemic.

This learning resource material will enable the learners to engage themselves
in a guided and independent set of learning activities at their own pacing.
Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills
while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

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 Welcome to Philippine Politics and Governance, a specialized subject in the
Senior High School offered in grade 12, module 1 is entitled The Concept,
Relationship and Importance of Politics, Governance and Government.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need competencies you are expected to learn in the
to Know module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check

What I Know what you already know about the lesson to take. If
you get all the answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.

This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

What’s In
current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

What’s New you in various ways; a story, a song, a poem, a
problem opener, an activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent practice to

solidify your understanding and skills of the topic.
What’s More You may check the answers to the exercises using
the Answer Key at the end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process what
you learned from the lesson.
What I Can This section provides an activity which will help you
Do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.
Assessment
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

In this portion, another activity will be given to you

to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson
learned.

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 Additional
Activities

This contains answers to all activities in the

module.
Answer Key

At the end of this module you will also find:

References: This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 First Quarter
Week 1- Module 1
The Concept, Relationship and Importance of Politics,
Governance and Government

Content Standard : The learners demonstrate an understanding of

politics and political science, governance, political
ideologies, power, state nations and globalization.

Performance Standard : The learners shall be able to clearly identify

a specific phenomenon and how it can be studied.

Competency/Code : Explain the concept, relationship and

importance of politics, governance and
government.
(HUMSS_PG12-IB-c-7)

Learning Outcomes : Identify human activities considered as political

phenomena.

What I Know

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer and write it on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. The Philippine is a state. Which of the following elements is equivalent to

independence?
a. Sovereignty b. Population c. Territory d. Government

2. Democracy as a form of government has to do with______.

a. the power or authority emanates from the people.
b. the power or authority is exercised by few privileged men.
c. the affairs of the government are run by one person usually by a king.
d. the power is concentrated in one person like dictator or authoritarian.

3. Which of the following best describes law?

a. To instill peace and order in society.

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 b. To foster friendly relations with other countries.
c. To exercise the right to vote or to run for public office.
d. To allow people to protest when they have issues against the
government.
4. The Philippine Congress which is made up of the House of Representatives
and the House of the Senate belongs to what branch of the government?
a. Judicial b. Executive c. Legislative d. None of the choices
5. The Philippine President enforces or implements the laws of the land. He /
She is the head of what agency?
a. Legislative b. Executive c. Judicial d. Regulative

6.Which of the following describes politics?

a. The real functioning of governmental policies of the country.
b. It deals with theoretical analysis of political systems.
c. It is made up of government officials, elected and appointed, to make
decisions and implement the same.
d. It refers to the affairs of the country or state, be they economic, cultural,
environmental, social and political.

7. This is referred to as the highest law of the land.

a. Executive Orders b. Ordinances c. Memoranda d. Constitution

8. The courts which hear and decide cases belong to ___.

a. Judicial b. Executive c. Legislative d. Imperative

9. Which of the following does not qualify as a political phenomenon?

a. Political candidates campaigning.
b. Netizens posting advertisements of their products in social media.
c. People casting their votes during election.
d. Citizens assembling themselves in the streets protesting against the
passage of anti-terror law.

10. Thecyber crime prevention law is aimed to ____.

a.institute in school’s measures to stop acts of bullying.
b.penalize individuals who exploit, abuse, discriminate children.
c.punish netizens who shame, degrade or ridicule others through the use
of social media.
d. penalize person or groups of persons who are aiming to destabilize the
government.

What I Need to Know

This module is intended for Senior High School students. Philippine Politics and
Governance is a specialized subject for Senior High School Curriculum. The course
focuses on how to develop ability to solve problems and make decisions by examining

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various political concepts, structures of government within societies and among
nations, and political culture that shape societies through public policy.

The module contains the following lessons for discussion:

• The meaning of politics; How politics can be studied; The meaning
of governance.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

• explain the meaning of politics, government and governance;
• describe the connection between Politics and Political Science;
identify human activities considered as political phenomena;
• react to the present style of governance and politics in your locality.

Lesson The Concept, Relationship and

1 Importance of Politics, Governance

and Government

Politics is the way that people living in groups make decisions. It is about making
agreements between people so that they can live together in groups such as tribes,
cities, or countries. Politics is the way in which we understand and order our social
affairs and acquire greater control over the situation.
Basic concepts of politics include the ideas of order, power, and justice.

What’s In

The constitution, being the fundamental and highest law of any country, provides for
the basic principles and laws of a nation, state, or group. Much of political aspects
are laid down by the present 1987 constitution. The politics of the Philippines take
place in an organized framework of a presidential, representative and democratic
republic where the president is both the head of the state and the government within
pluriform multi- party system. This system revolves around three separate yet
independent branches. The legislative branch which is vested in both the government
and the bicameral congress, made up of the Senate and the House of
Representatives. The legislative has the power and functions to make, revise, amend
or repeal laws. The executive power is exercised by the government under the
leadership of the president. The executive branch performs powers and functions in
the enforcement of the laws. The judicial power which is the power to try and hear
cases along with the interpretation of the constitution and other laws is vested in the
courts with the Supreme Court of the Philippines as the highest judicial body.
The Philippines adheres to the ideology of republicanism which is a form of
representational government in which leaders are elected by the people. It is also

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democratic in the sense that civil liberties such as freedom of speech and expression
are enjoyed by the people. Moreover, rule of law prevails in democracy and no one is
above the law. It is a republic with presidential form of government wherein the
powers are equally divided in the executive, legislative and judicial branches.
Furthermore, it is unitary as most if not all of the governing powers reside in a
centralized government.

Activity: Identifying Political Concepts that are practiced in Philippine

politics.

Instruction: Inside the box below are some of the concepts that are true to the
Philippine political system. Write the correct answer on your answer
sheet, choices can be answered more than once.
Constitution Democracy Executive

Judicial Legislative Republicanism Unitary

______1. People elect public officials as their representatives.

______2. The real power or authority comes from the people.

______3. It is the fundamental law of the land.

______4. The government of the people, by the people and for the people.

______5. Most if not all of the governing powers are exercised by the national
government.

______6. The president is both the head of the state and the government.

______7. The law-making body of the Philippines which is bicameral or with two
houses.
______8. The Supreme Court of the Philippines belongs to this department.

______9. This makes people enjoy their civil liberties like freedom of speech,
expression, or religion.

_____10. To rule that a law is constitutional or not is the duty of this department.

What’s New

Aristotle said that “Man is by nature a political animal.” He was motivated by his
claim that every man, by nature, has an impulse towards a partnership with others.

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Why do people participate in political life? Daily, people can not escape from political
realities happening.
The following reports including thousands of others reflect the involvement of people
to politics, either directly or indirectly.

On June 26, 2020 police in Manila

arrested at least 20 people at an LGBT
Pride event protesting an anti-terrorism
bill that threatens rule of law in the
Philippines.
In April, 2020, a news was on dozens of
people marching in Metro Manila to
demand food and relief supplies during
the COVID 19 lockdown.
On May 13, 2019 elections, the random
manual audit committee of the
COMELEC reported a 99% accuracy rate
Illustration 1: Rally for Anti-Terrorism
Bill
using the automated election system.
In 2019 elections, Philippine National
Police arrested 441 across the country for
alleged vote buying.
In January of 2006, Philippine President
Joseph Estrada was impeached by the
lower house to face trial in the senate.
In 2019, Asia Times reported that the
over- dominance of dynasties has
undermined the electoral process by
making genuine political competition
virtually impossible.

Illustration 2: Philippine Health Workers Battle

Coronavirus Harassment.
There are events either natural or political that occur with remarkable impact to
people. Climate change or global warming are called natural phenomena as its
happening invites global attention and concern. Individuals can be phenomenal
figures as well. What happens to a country when Pope Francis visits? Or to people
in a place where Catriona Gray is invited to speak? In same manner, political events
occurring through the actions of people as its impact would either directly or
indirectly affect them are called political phenomena. Wouldn’t it be strange if most
boycott the elections? How about the shift from presidential to federal form of
government?

Political Scenarios Characteristics

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 1. Political dynasties Families in which several members are involved in
politics and businesses.
2. Vote buying Purely an economic exchange in which the voter sells
his or her vote to the highest bidder.
3. Impeachment of the An exclusive list of public officials whose removal from
President office can be initiated in the House of Representatives
and tried by the House of the Senate.
4. Automated election A system using appropriate technology for voting and
system electronic devices to count votes and canvass/
consolidate results.
5.Protest against Anti- Rights groups condemn the law to criminalize dissent
Terror Law and crack down on critics of the government.

Examining the examples presented above, what are common to these events? Why
do you think these events are affecting people’s lives? Have you thought of the close
connection between politics, governance and government? Can these three terms be
studied by Political Science?

Activity: Identifying actions as political or non- political event.

Instruction: Identify if the following statements are political or non-
political events. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

________1. Farmers cultivating and planting crops on their fields.

________2. People protesting against the proposal for the restoration of death penalty.

________3. Children playing in amusement parks.

________4. Registered voters casting their votes during elections.

________5. Film actors characterizing their roles for a movie.

________6. Lawmakers debating on the passage of anti-dynasty bill.

________7. Students campaigning for seats in the Supreme Student Council.

________8. Young boys playing games in internet cafes.

________9. The president addressing the nation during his annual state of the
nation address.

________10. Individuals filing their certificates of candidacy.

What is It

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The connection between Politics (the phenomenon) and Political Science (the
method of inquiry).

Politics (from Greek word “politika” which means the affairs of the state) is the set
of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups or other forms of
power relations between individuals. This refers to the actions or activities with
achieving and using power in a country or society. The affairs can be in the economic,
social, environmental, cultural and political aspects of the country.

The basic concepts of politics are order, power, and justice. The study of politics
seeks to study how human life in the aggregate is ORDERED firstly; as a community
of individuals who shares a common identity; secondly, as a government which is
tasked to maintain and perpetuate the community.

Second concept of politics is power. With power, the government can maintain order,
function properly as in the delivery of public services. The concept of justice is served
if exercised in the interests of the ruled or the people.

Political Science is the study of politics. It deals with systems of governance and
the analysis of political activities, political thoughts, constitution and political
behavior. The nature, relationship and importance of politics, governance, and
government are explained by Political Science. The table below describes the
similarities and differences between Politics and Political Science.

Types Definition Similarities Differences

Derived from Greek word Like Political Science, Politics is a real
“politika” which means politics focuses on practice as it
affairs of the city-state. governance and refer to involves concrete
Politics the state of affairs of a act of governing a
Refers to the state of certain country. country.
affairs of a country,
including the structure, its Both the government The application of
government and the and the structure of the theory
decision taken by the country’s political enunciated by
ruling party. system are the main Political Science
subjects.
Refers to the theoretical Like politics, Political Political Science is
analysis of all political Science studies kinds theoretical as it
systems including their of government and the uses comparative
origins, their underlying structure of country’s methods to
Political values and goals. political system. achieve a
comprehensive
Science
Provides tools and understanding of
theoretical background politics and
needed to understand governance.
reality and to foresee
political choices. Only a theory or
concept

Insights from the table presented above:

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 1. Politics could not exist without the theoretical foundation of political
science and in turn, political science would not exist without politics.

2. Political Science deals with abstract ideas like forms and structure of
government while politics is the concrete act of governing a country.

3. Both Politics and Political Science are not mutually exclusive as both focus
on governance and refer to the state of affairs of a country. The government
and the structure of political system are the subjects of both.

Government - refers to a group of people that has the power to rule in a territory
like a country, provinces within a country or a region. The conduct of governmental
functions is exercised by elected and appointed officials or civil servants.
Government pursuant to the constitution or set of fundamental principles makes
laws, regulations, and policies to ensure effective governance. The government is
responsible for the people's well-being and happiness through the delivery of social
welfare, law and order, defense and financial affairs of the country. The existence of
a government in whatever forms and the power and functions of officials are provided
by constitution and other laws. Essentially, the government of the Philippines which
the constitution provides as being democratic, republican, presidential and unitary
comes to life upon the people’s consent through approval by way of a referendum or
plebiscite.
Governance involves the processes and institutions to produce results that meet the
needs of the society. The affairs of the government which are run by officials either
as elected or appointed are put into real action through governance. Governance
entails the processes of decision making and the implementation of such decision.

Here, governance is the act of steering, governing, or of directing and controlling a

group of people or the state. It involves complex processes whereby some sectors
enact public policies processes which directly affect human and institutional
interaction for the common good.

Is there good governance in the collection and disposal of garbage? How about the
management of traffic? Are rivers emptied of all kinds of trash? Is the city safe from
all sorts of criminal activities? Is your school free from acts of bullying? Are health
services readily accessible? Now, who are the people behind governance? And for
whom governance is? Will people benefit from good governance? On the contrary,
what if bad governance is practiced?
The power exercised by the participating sectors is always for the common good.
“Salus populi est suprema lex” or the welfare of the people is the supreme law
justifies that governance must redound to the welfare of the people.
Indicators of Good Governance:
1. Participatory- that requires active participation of different sectors of society.
2. Rule of law – that the government is of law and not of men is a democratic
principle which puts no one, however rich or powerful, above the law.

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3. Effectiveness and efficiency – an effective governance happens when the needs of
society are met by the different sectors while there is efficient governance when
resources are utilized and not wasted.

4. Responsiveness – that the institutions and processes serve the people in a timely
and appropriate manner.

5. Equity and inclusiveness – that all members of society, especially the most
vulnerable ones must be taken into consideration in policy making

6. Transparency – that transactions involving public interests must be fully

disclosed and made accessible to the people.

7. Consensus oriented – when decisions are made after taking into consideration the
different viewpoints of the people

8. Accountability – that every person or groups are responsible for their actions most
especially when their acts affect public interest.

The relationship of these three terms is with reference to the various affairs of the
country or state affecting people’s lives whether economic, social, cultural,
religious, environmental or political termed as POLITICS to the policy-making,
decisions, and implementations vested in the elected or appointed government
officials referred to as the GOVERNEMNT, which will carry out these functions into
action known as GOVERNANCE. The nature, relationship, and importance of
these terms are inquired into by Political Science.

What’s More

Activity 1: Is it Politics or Political Science?

Instruction: Identify whether the statement below falls under Politics or Political
Science. Write your answer in your answer sheet.

______1. It deals on abstract ideas or theories about forms of government, there

origins, and their evolution to the modern times.

______2. It has something to do with how the affairs of the government are being run.

______3. A political candidate, in his campaign, promises to improve the economy of

the country.

______4. Monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy are forms of government.

______5. Philippine Congress approved supplemental budget for Social Amelioration.

Activity 2: Let’s Classify.

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Instruction: Classify if the given situation below constitutes participatory, rule of
law, effectiveness and efficiency, responsiveness, equity and
inclusiveness, transparency, consensus oriented or accountability
in good governance. Write your answer in your answer sheet.

__________1. The audit and accounting records of a government office can be seen
and checked.

__________2. Before a death penalty law can be passed, all sectors of society are free
to express their opinions.

__________3. One senator has no record of tardiness and absences; moreover, he is

known for the quality of the bills he sponsored.
__________4. The alleged drug suspect, when caught in a buy bust operation, was
informed of his rights to remain silent, to be assisted by a lawyer and
to remain silent.

__________5. For all to see, the school has continuously posted its purchases of
materials allowable under monetary and other operating expenses along
with the balances.

__________6. To prevent the increase of covid-19 cases, the government involved the
services of police, soldiers, and private sectors.

__________7. The government through the Risk Reduction Management distributed

relief goods to the victims of Taal Volcano eruption.

__________8. LGBTQ, as a marginalized sector of society is allowed to nominate its

candidates and run for the congressional election.

__________9. The court meticulously evaluates the testimonies of the witness and the
evidences presented before a decision is promulgated.

_________10. The drug lord was sentenced to life imprisonment due to his criminal
conduct

Activity 3: True or False

Instruction: Read the sentences carefully. Write T if the statement is true and F if
the statement is false. Write your answer in your answer sheet.

__________1. The foremost indicators of bad governance in the Philippines are the
unending cycle of poverty, deep seated tradition of corruption and the
huge gap between the rich and the poor.

__________2. An effective governance involves the proper utilization of resources.

__________3. The principle that no one is above the law belongs to the concept of
transparency.

__________4. Bad governance is the root cause of all problems of many countries.

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__________5. Governance which is the power exercised by public sector, private sector
or civil society is for the common good.

__________6. Red Cross, a non – governmental organization, is an example of civil

society that is private in nature but partakes public functions.

__________7. Transparency as an indicator of good governance involves the taking of

consideration of different viewpoints from all sectors.

__________8. Politics is broader in scope than governance.

__________9. Bad governance could come from ineffective and inefficient services of
those employed in the public sector.

_________10. Governance has something to do with the act of steering or governing,

or of directing or controlling a group of people or state.

What I Have Learned

Activity 1. Synthesizing the Relationship between Politics, Governance and

Government

Instruction: Cite concepts that connect Politics, Government and

Governance. Write your answer in answer sheet by copying the Venn
Diagram below.

Politics

Government
Governance

Activity 2 : Assessing What Government Is

Instruction: Write your responses on the items asked inside the interlinked
circles. Copy and answer in your answer sheet.

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 What are the
functions of
the
government?

Who are the What are the

What is
actors of bases of the
government?
government? government?

What is the
purpose of
government?

What I Can Do

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Evaluating the kind of politics and style of governance in your locality.
Instructions: Let us process your learning on politics and governance right in the
places where you live. The following situations involve politics and
governance by your officials. To be able to answer, you are guided with
questions found after this table. Write your answer on a sheet of paper.
Each response is worth ten (10) points.

Bases for rating:

Content/Substance of ideas – 5 points
Relevance/Importance _ 5 points
Total =10points

Situation Kind of Politics and Style of Governance

Environmental sanitation. In your barangay In your city

Discipline of residents during In your purok or sitio In your barangay

pandemic.

Guide Questions:

1. What are some of the observable behavior of people on these two situations?
Are the kind of politics and the style of governance practiced on those locations
the same, different, effective or ineffective? You have to support your answer
with facts available on line or from reading materials.

2. In your own little way as a student, what help you can offer as a possible
solution in each situation?

Assessment

Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer in your answer sheet.

1. The word politics is derived from the Greek word ________.

a. Politica b. Politika c. Pulis d. Policia

2. Which of the following characterizes a political phenomenon?

a. Office workers eating in food shops
b. Mothers breastfeeding their infants
c. Students watering the ornamental plants.
d. People protesting against the proposed restoration of death penalty.

3. Which indicator of good governance is followed that prior to the adoption of a

governmental policy, all sectors’ views are heard?
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 a. Transparency c. Accountability
b. Consensus-oriented d. Effectiveness and efficiency

4. It refers to the way that people living in groups make decisions and making
agreements among people so that they can live together in groups, cities, tribes,
or countries.
a. Politics b. Political Science c. Economics d. Linguistics

5. Which of the following choices can be the best response to the statement that
“politics can be studied by analyzing events and comparing them in today’s
political arena to attempt to predict outcomes.”
a. True b. False c. Maybe d. Can’t be determined

6. It is the manner of steering or governing, or of directing and controlling a group

of people or state.
a. Governance b. Government c. Politics d. Political Science

7. Public school teachers routinely submit lesson plans, attends their classes
regularly and at same time utilize public resources without indication of wastage.
This constitutes ____________.
a. Participatory c. Consensus-oriented
b. Effectiveness and efficiency d. Rule of law

8. Rule of law in good governance has something to do with__________.

a. Transactions involving public interests must be fully disclosed and made
accessible to the people.
b. Every person or groups of people are responsible for their actions most
especially when their acts affect public interests.
c. The government acts within the limits of the powers and functions
prescribed by law.
d. Requires the active involvement of all affected and interested parties in the
decision-making process

9. The following are true to Political Science except.

a. It deals with the analysis of political activity and behavior.
b. It studies the human mind and its functions that affect human behavior.
c. It deals with the study of political systems and forms of government
including their origin and evolution.
d. It is concerned with theory, description, analysis and prediction political
behavior, political systems and politics.

10. What could be the implication of Aristotle’s description that “Man is by nature
a political animal.”
a. Man is both a body and a spirit.
b. Man by nature is born free and good.
c. Man by nature is born evil, cruel and selfish.
d. Man by nature has the impulse towards a partnership with others.

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 Additional Activities

Applying your learning of the concepts of politics, governance, and government and
you as a citizen who is a member of the political body which is the Philippines,
answer the following activities by writing a position paper using these instructions:

1. Use one whole bond paper.

2. Be reminded of the format of the position paper must be followed.
In making your position paper indicate if your stand whether you agree
or disagree, followed by statements in support of your stand and
finally make conclusions to convince others.
3. Criteria for rating:

Content (the substance of your argument or position) - 40%

Relevance (having a direct bearing on the matter asked) - 30%
Originality (personally created not copied) – 30%
Total = 100%
4. Choose only one position paper topic.
Position Paper Topic 1: Thomas Malthus Theory, “The population is potentially
exponential while the growth of food supply and other resources is linear.”

Position Paper Topic 2: The Present Philippine Congress reviving the death
penalty on drug related cases and heinous crimes.

References:
Illustration
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 1. Philippine police crack down on LGBT protest, 10-21-2020,
https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/06/29/philippines-police-crack-down-lgbt-protest
2. Philippine health workers battle corona virus, harassment, 10-21-2020,
https://www.voanews.com/science-health/coronavirus-outbreak/philippine-health-workers-
battlecoronavirus-harassment

Online Sources

1. What is the origin of the word “politics”? What is its definition, 10-21-2020,
https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-origin-of-word-politics-What-is-its-definition
2. Governance/Politics and Power, 1-21-2020, https://www.britannica.com/topic/governance
3. Political Science, 10-21-2020, https://www.britannica.com/topic/political-science
4. What is governance, 10-21-2020, https://tamayaosbc.wordpress.com/2014/08/21/what-
isgovernance/
5. What is Politics and Governance?, 10-21-
2020,?https://tamayaosbc.wordpress.com/category/politics-and-governance/
6. Eight Elements of Good Governance, 10-21-2010, https://www.governancepro.com/news/
7. The Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, 10-21-2020,
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/
8. Politics and Governance with Philippine Constitution and Philippine History
Notes, 10-21-2020,
https://www.academia.edu/30874515/POLITICS_AND_GOVERNANCE_WITH_PHILIPPINE_CONSTITUTI
ON_AND_PHILIPPINEHISTORY_NOTES
9. Governance Indicators in the Philippines: A users’ Guide, 10-21-2020,
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guide
10. Philippine Governance Indicators Survey Tools. Alex Brillantes.10-21-2020,
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 Answer Key

What I know What’s In

1. a 6. d 1. Republicanism 6. Executive
2. a 7. d 2. Democracy 7. Legislative
3. a 8. a 3.Constitution 8. Judicial
4. c 9. b 4.Democracy 9. Democracy
5. b 10. c 5. Unitary 10. Judicial

What’s New What’s More

1. Non-political 6. Political
Act. 1 : Politics or Pol Sci?
2. Political 7. Political 1. Pol Sci
3. Non-political 8. Non-political
2. Politics
4. Political 9. Political 3. Politics
5. Non-political 10.Political4. Pol Sci
5. Politics
Act. 2 Classification Act. 3 True or False
1.Transparency 1. T
ASSESSMENT 2. Consensus-oriented 2. T
1. B 6.
3. Effectiveness and Efficiency 3. F
A
4. Rule of law 4. T
2. D 7. B 3. B
8. C
5. Transparency 5. T
4. A 9. B 6. Participatory 6. T
5. A 10. D
7.Responsiveness/Participatory 7. F
8. Equity and inclusiveness 8. T
9. Rule of law 9. T
10. Accountability 10. T

WHAT I CAN DO: Personal Evaluation (Response that

conforms to substance and relevance is worth ten (10) points
per situation. Facilitator’s discretion matters in rating .
students’ responses)
Situation Kind of Politics and Style of
Governance
Environmental In your In your city
sanitation. barangay

Discipline of In your purok In your barangay

residents or sitio
during
pandemic.

17
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED Act. 1. Synthesis
Note : Referred to as the various affairs of the country or state affecting people’s lives
whether economic, social, cultural, religious, environmental or political (POLITICS), the
decisions and implementations rest with either elected or appointed government officials (
GOVERNEMNT) who will carry out these functions into action (GOVERNANCE).
POLITICS GOVERNMENT GOVERNANCE
- The various affairs of - Composed of elected - The act of carrying
the country and civil servants out the function of
- the set of activities - Referred to as the the government from
that are associated group of people who national down to
with making formulates plans, local gov’t units like
decisions in groups make decisions and province, city,
or other forms of implements these municipality and
power relations decisions barangay)
between individuals
- involves the concept
of order, power and
justice

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED Act. 2 Assessing What Government Is

Definition Function Bases Actors Purpose

The group of Conduct 1. The 2. Elected Established
people that governmental Constitution, public for the
has the functions like Administrative officials common good
power to policy-making, Code of the and
rule in a decision Philippines, appointed
territory making and and other officials
implementing related laws. 3. Private
these policies 2. People as entities
and decisions Philippines is exercising
a democracy public
characterized functions
by right of
suffrage or
election

18
19