#Express a patient’s cholesterol level of 175 mg/dL in terms of millimoles per

liter. MW=386.65 g/mol

175 mg/dL= 1750 mg/L= 1.75 g/L 1.75/386.65=0.00452 m/L = 4.52 mmol/L
#How many milliosmoles of CaCL2.2H2O (MW=147) are represented in 147 mL
of a 10% w/v of this solution? Assume complete dissociation.
300 mOsmol
#What is the concentration in (mg/ml) of a solution containing 2 mEq of
potassium chloride per milliliter? M.W. of KCl = 74.5
mg/ml= 𝑚𝐸𝑞/𝑚𝑙 𝑥 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐,𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟,𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔h𝑡 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 2 ∗ 74.5 1 =
149 mg/ml
#Normal Saline 0.9% 1500ml is prescribed to be given over 45 minutes. Q. What
is the infusion rate in ml/hour?
(1500ml x 60min ) / 45min = 2000ml/hr
#calculate the osmolarity of D5W (5% dextrose in water)
5g/dL x 1mmol/180mg x 1000mg/g x 1 mOsmol/mmol x 10 dL/L = 278
mOsmol/L
#An ophthamologist near your pharmacy swears by tropicamide 2% solution as a
mydriatic for his patients. Tropicamide is available commercially as a 0.5% and
1% solution, so you decide to humour him (or her) by mixing it special, figuring
that you can charge a healthy compounding fee in the process. The trick is to make
a isotonic solution. You decide to make a 30ml vial. The E value for tropicamide
is 0.11. Please calculate how much tropicamide, and how much sodium you will
add to each 30ml vial before qs’ing to 30ml with water.
0.9g/100ml x 30ml =0.27g = 270mg NaCl in water in order to be isotonic
2g/100ml x 30 ml = 0.6 g tropicamide needed
0.6 g x 0.11 = 0.066g NaCl accounted for by tropicamide
0.27g - 0.066g = 0.204 g NaCl needed

#How many grams of cocabutter are required to dispense 12 suppositories of

tannic acid each weighing 2 gm and contain 400 mg of tannic acid?
We want to dispense 12 suppositories each weighing 2gm and containing 400mg
of tannic acic: Amount of coca butter = 2 gm x 12= 24 gm
Amount of tannic acid = 0.4 gm x 12= 4.8 gm.
Displacement value of tannic acid is 0.9, therefore:
= 4.8/0.9 = 5.33 gm of base will displace
4.8 gm tannic acid = 5.33 gm cocabutter
Amount of coca butter = 24 gm - 5.33 gm= 18.67 gm
#A solution prepared with dissolving 40 grams of Mannitol in 400ml of water,
What is the expected osmotic pressure of the solution at 20°C.
Mannitol MW=180
40 x 1000 / 400 = 100
100/180=0.555 x 0.082 x 293 = 13.33 Atm
#Adjust the isotonicity of the prescription written below using White-Vincent
Method and calculate the final quantity of NaCl for the isotonic solution that you
have found.
Rx
Atropine sulphate................%2.0 Sodium thiosulphate............% 0.3
Chlorobutanol.....................% 0.5 WFI........................q.s.......15ml
E=0.13 E=0.33 E=0.10
2/100 x 15 x 0.3 x 0.13 x 111.1 = 4.332 0.3/100 x 15 x 0.33 x 111.1 = 1.649
0.5/100 x 15 x 0.10 x 111.1 = 0.833
4.3332 + 1.649 + 0.833 = 6.814 15-6.814= 8.186
0.9/100 x 8.186 = 0.073 g

#Calculate the volume of purified water required to make an isotonic solution.

RX
Oxymetazoline...............................2% E=0.18
Sterile purified water................... q.s to make 30ml sig for the nose as
decongestant
2/100 x 30 x 0.18 x 111.1 = 11,9988 ml 30 ml - 12 ml = 18 ml
#Suppository Hardness Tester (SBT2) is used to detect the breaking point of the
suppositories in breaking and mechanical strength test. Assume that, when a
suppository was placed inside the device for quality control test, it took 6 mins 30
sec for supp. to be collapsed. What is the total weight (consider empty weight of
the tool!) at which the supp. was collapsed?
1700 g
#In which quality control test of suppositories, calculating SD ( standard
deviation) is compulsory?
a) Breaking and mechanical strength test
b) Weight variation
c) Assay of the active ingredient
d) Determination of the melting point of suppositories
#A solution containing 10 mg/100mL of K+1 . Express the solution in terms of
milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). Atomic weight of K+1 = 39
mEq/ml=(10mg/100ml) x 1 / 39 = 0.2564 mEq/100 ml = 2.56 mEq/L
#A person is to receive 2mEq of sodium chloride per kilogram of body weight. If
the person weighs 60 kg, how many milliliters of 0.9 % sodium chloride sterile
solution should be administered? Molecular weight of NaCl = 58.5
Total mEq required= 2 x 60 =120 mEq
mg= 120 mEq x 58.5 = 7020 mg = 7.020 g
7.020 g x 100 ml / 0.9 g = 780 ml NaCl solution needed

#A solution contains 10 mg% of Ca++ ions. How many milliosmoles are

represented in one liter of the solution? Atomic weigh of Ca++ = 40
mOsmol/L = No. of moles x No. of species x 1000
10 mg%= 10 mg/100mL = 100 mg/L= 0.1 g/L Number of moles= weight/ atomic
wt= 0.1/40= 0.0025 mOsmol/L = 0.0025 x 1 x 1000= 2.5 mOsmol/L

#How many milligrams would 3 mmoles of dibasic sodium phosphate weigh?

M.W. of dibasic sodium phosphate is 138.
Number of moles= 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔h𝑡 (𝑔)/ 𝑀𝑊
weight (g) = moles * MW = 0.003 * 138 = 0.414 g = 414 mg
#A patient is given 125 mg of phenytoin sodium (m.w. 274) three times a day.
How many milliequivalents of sodium are represented in daily dose?
mEq= 𝑚𝑔 𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑐,𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟,𝑜𝑟 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔h𝑡
125 mg three times a day = 375 mg = 375 𝑥 1 274 = 1.37 mEq
#A solution containing 10 mg/100mL of Ca++. Express the solution in terms of
milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). Atomic weight of Ca++ = 40
((10mg/100ml ) x 2 )/40 = 0.5 mEq/100 ml = 5 mEq/L

#What is the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by adding 13.65 g of sucrose

(C12H22O11) to enough water to make 250 mL of solution at 25 °C?
C = 12 g/mol
H = 1 g/mol
O = 16 g/mol
molar mass of sucrose = 12(12) + 22(1) + 11(16) molar mass of sucrose = 144 +
22 + 176
molar mass of sucrose = 342 nsucrose = 13.65 g x 1 mol/342 g nsucrose = 0.04
mol
Msucrose = nsucrose/Volumesolution Msucrose = 0.04 mol/(250 mL x 1 L/1000
mL) Msucrose = 0.04 mol/0.25 L
Msucrose = 0.16 mol/L
T = 298 K
Π = iMRT
Π = 1 x 0.16 mol/L x 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K x 298 K Π = 3.9 Atm

#0.500 g hemoglobin was dissolved in enough water to make 100.0 mL of

solution. At 25oC the osmotic pressure was found to be 1.78 × 10-3 atm.
Calculate the molar mass of the hemoglobin.
c = Π ÷ RT
Π = 1.78 × 10-3 atm
R = 0.0821 L atm K-1 mol-1 (from data sheet)
T = 25oC = 25 + 273 = 298 K
c = 1.78 × 10-3 ÷ (0.0821 × 298) = 7.28 × 10-5 mol L-1
n = c ×V
c = 7.28 × 10-5 mol L-1
V = 100.0 mL = 100.0 × 10-3 L
n = 7.28 × 10-5 × 100.0 × 10-3 = 7.28 × 10-6 mol
molar mass = mass ÷ moles
mass = 0.500 g
moles = 7.28 × 10-6 mol
molar mass = 0.500 ÷ (7.28 × 10-6) = 68 681 g/mol

#You have been asked to prepare 20ml of naphazoline 0.5% ophthalmic

solution in a sodium chloride base. You have naphazoline HCl, USP (MW
246.74), which has a sodium chloride equivalent value of 0.27. How much
naphazoline will you measure, how much sodium chloride, and
approximately how much water will you add. Assume that no other
substances will be added.
0.9g/dL x 1dL/100ml x 20ml x 1000mg = 180mg NaCl or equivalent
needed
0.5 g/dL naph x 1/100ml x 20ml x 1000mg x 0.27 = 27 mg of NaCl
equivalent by the naphazoline
180mg - 27mg = 153mg NaCl needs to be added to the product.
0.5g/dL naph x 1 dL/100ml x 20ml x 1000mg = 100mg naphazoline HCL
153mg NaCl , 100mg naphazoline HCL, qs to 20ml steril water
#A drug with a displacement value of 0.5 in Theobroma is required in
suppository form. 200mg suppositories are required and a 2gm mould is
available. What are the quantities to be used to manufacture a batch of 24.
What will each suppository weigh ?
24 x 2gm suppositories = 48gms base
24 x 200mg = 4.8gms drug
4.8gms base displace (4.8/0.5) gms theobroma = 9.6gms
So weight of ingredients = 4.8gms drug A + (48-9.6) = 38.4gms
Theobroma each suppository will weigh (4.8 + 38.4)/24gms = 43.2 /
24gms = 1.8 grams
4.8 g of drug, 38.4 g of Theobroma , each suppository weight= 1.8 g