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1 CAM Intro Final
1 CAM Intro Final
1 CAM Intro Final
Definition(1/2)
Effective utilization of computer technology
in the MANAGEMENT, CONTROL and
OPERATIONS of the manufacturing facility
through either direct or indirect computer
interface with the physical and human
resources of the organization.
Definition(2/2)
Computer Aided Manufacturing involves the
use of computer programs specifically
designed to create the geometry and tool
paths needed for parts to be machined. These
tool paths can then be automatically
processed into a program specific for the CNC
machine to be used.
Use of computer in the economy
Business
Manufacturing
Banking
Entertainment
Research
Defence
Agriculture
Telecommunication
Few points about manufacturing(1/2)
Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor
to make things for use.
The term may refer to a range of human activity, from
handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied
to industrial production, in which raw materials are
transformed into finished goods on a large scale.
The manufacturing sector is closely connected with
engineering and industrial design.
Few points about manufacturing(2/2)
Computer controlled analysis are employed in the
manufacture of products ranging from tiny electronic
components to automobiles and even aircrafts or
ships.
Computer controlled tools can make parts that are
closer to actual design specifications. This is not
possible in conventional tools.
Influence of computers on
manufacturing environment
Business Data
Processing
System
Manufacturing
System
Business Data Processing System
Financial management
Costing
Sales and marketing
Purchase and order control
Vendors
Subcontracting
Personnel
Computer Aided Manufacturing
Process planning
Production Planning
CNC part programming
Robot programming
CMM (Co-ordinate measuring machine)programming
Manufacturing System
Production activity Production
Machining management(MPS, MRP,
Assembly MRP II,JIT)
Material handling and BOM
storage Inventory Control
Production control
Loading, scheduling,
balancing
Capacity planning
Quality control
Computer Aided Design
Feature and solid modeling
Variation and parametric modeling
Computer graphics
Design analysis tools(FEA, FEM simulation)
Mechanism test and analysis
Designing of tools
Role of computers in
manufacturing(1/2)
1. Computer monitoring and control of the
manufacturing process.
2. Manufacturing support applications( deals with
preparation of actual manufacturing and post
manufacture operations.)
Role of computers in
manufacturing(2/2)
In first category computer is directly interfaced with
the manufacturing m/c for monitoring and control
function.
The second category include all the support functions
that computer can provide for successful completion of
operations.
Computer monitoring and
control(1/2)
Process data
Process Computer
Computer Monitoring
Computer monitoring and
control(2/2)
Process data
Computer Control
Manufacturing support function
Numerical control part programming by computers
Computer automated process planning
Computer generated work standard
Production scheduling
Material requirement planning
Shop floor control
List of support function by
computer(1/2)
• Numerical Control Part Programming
• Control program are prepared for automated machine tools
NCPP
• Computer Aided (automated)Process Planning
• Use of the computer to generate the process plan for the product.
• Computer prepare s a list of operation sequence required to process a particular product or
CAPP component.
Flexible
Production Automation
Quantity
Programmable
Automation
Product Variety
Fixed Automation
Sequence of processing (or assembly) operations is fixed
by the equipment configuration
Typical features:
Suited to high production quantities
High initial investment
High production rates
Relatively inflexible in accommodating product variety
Programmable Automation
Capability to change the sequence of operations
through reprogramming to accommodate different
product configurations
Typical features:
High investment in programmable equipment
Lower production rates than fixed automation
Flexibility to deal with variations and changes in
product configuration
Most suitable for small batch production
Physical setup and part program must be changed
between jobs (batches)
Flexible Automation
System is capable of changing over from one job to the next
with little lost time between jobs.
Flexibility in manufacturing means the ability to deal with
slightly or greatly mixed parts, to allow variation in parts
assembly and variations in process sequence, change the
production volume and change the design of certain
product being manufactured.
Typical features:
High investment
Continuous production of variable mixes of products
Medium production rates
Flexibility to deal with product variety
Automation Principle
1.Understand the existing process
Input/output analysis
2. Simplify the process
Reduce unnecessary steps and moves
3. Automate the process
Ten strategies for automation and production systems
Automation migration strategy
Automation Strategies
1.Specialization of operations
2. Combined operations
3. Simultaneous operations
4. Integration of operations
5. Increased flexibility
6. Improved material handling and storage
7. On-line inspection
8. Process control and optimization
9. Plant operations control
10. Computer-integrated manufacturing
Automation
Migration
Strategy
Production System & Automation
Production System Automation Achieved
Batch Production •Numerical control (NC), direct numerical control (DNC), computer numerical control
(CNC).
•Adaptive control machining
•Robots for arc welding, parts handling, etc.
•CIM systems.