1 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 1
1.1
1 A STRESS and INTONATION: indirect questions
Complete the indirect questions.
1 Could you t _ _ _ me where I can find one of those?
2 Do you m _ _ _ me asking if you use it yourself?
3 I was w _ _ _ _ _ ing if you’d like to go for lunch.
4 Do you have any i _ _ _ how much it costs?
5 Can I a _ _ what you pay every month?
6 Do you k _ _ _ if there’s free transport?
B 1.1 Listen to the parts of the indirect
questions that are in italics and check. Which words
are stressed?
C 1.2 Listen and repeat the complete indirect
questions.
2A 1.3 COMMONLY CONFUSED SOUNDS Listen
and repeat the sounds and words.
B 1.4 Which sound completes each sentence?
Listen and check. Then listen again and repeat the
sentences.
1 irty irsty ieves ran rough a eatre.
2   ig ill ought a right lue ag.
3    our riends ried a at ish on the
ire.
4 aptain ris arried a up of offee and
ake.
5   wo wins old ales o wenty      5A
ough eachers.
6   eep and arks ould op for oes.
1.2
3 A UNDERSTANDING CONNECTED SPEECH Draw
lines to show the linking between final consonants
and initial vowels in the sentences. There are two
examples in each sentence.
1 Has Olga been outside today?
2 She hasn’t called us for ages.
3 We sat under a tree.
4 They’ve heard us sing in church.
5 Has it been six hours?
6 She got up on time.
7 I felt able to stop it.
8 We le Jill’s oven on.
B 1.5 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat the sentences.
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4 A WORD BUILDING: stress on nouns Form nouns
from the words in the box and use five of them to
complete the sentences.
disappointed sign satisfy nervous create
identify fascinating relieved active original
1 It takes great ooOoo to design new
technological tools.
2 To get into that club, you have to show
 ooooOo, such as a driver’s licence.
3 He copied it! That doesn’t show much
oooOoo!
4 Doing a job well gives me a lot of
ooOo.
5 Swimming is a wonderful oOoo for
children – it’s fun and good for their health.
B 1.6 Listen and check.
C 1.7 Listen and repeat the words in the box
and their noun forms. Which words have the stress
on a different syllable when they become nouns?
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Nouns that end in -tion are usually stressed on the
second to last syllable. Nouns that end in -ty are
usually stressed on the third to last syllable. What
examples can you find of these ‘rules’ in Exercise 4C?
1.3
1.8 POLITE INTONATION Listen to the
conversations. What do you think the speaker
responds to the final question?
Conversation 1
A: I’d like to enquire about the cooking course. Can
you tell me the dates?
B: Yes, it runs from 5th January until 20th March.
A: Oh, OK. I was wondering if it would be possible for
me to miss the first week.
B: Yes, that’s fine. You can join in the second week.
A: Would there be any chance of a refund?
B: Ah. Um …
Conversation 2
A: Hi. Could you give me some information about the
gym?
B: Sure. What would you like to know?
A: Do you mind me asking what it costs?
B: It’s fiy euros a month.
A: Is that a good price?
B: Well, I think …
B 1.9 Underline speaker A’s polite enquiries.
Then listen and repeat them. Copy the intonation.
2 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 2
2.1
1A 2.1 WEAK FORMS IN AUXILIARIES Listen to the
poem. Find all the examples of auxiliary verbs in the
questions and mark the weak forms /ə/ or /ɪ/.
Fairy Tale
Where have you been? What have you seen?
I’ve been in a castle. I’ve kissed a queen.
What have you been doing for all of this time?
I’ve been with a wizard – an old friend of mine.
What has he been saying, this old friend of yours?
He’s taught me a spell for opening locked doors.
What else has he shown you, this wizardly man?
He’s taught me how to cook toads in a pan.
What have you learnt and what will you do?
I’ve learnt everything, but I’m not telling you!
B Listen again and say the poem with the speakers. Focus on
getting the rhythm right.
2A 2.2 VERBS/NOUNS WITH THE SAME FORM Read the
Pronunciation tip. Then look at sentences 1–6. Where is
the stress on the words in italics? Listen and check.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
When a verb and a noun use the same form, sometimes the
stress is on a different syllable and the pronunciation changes,
e.g. reject (verb) /rɪˈdʒekt/ and reject (noun) /ˈri:dʒekt/,
decrease (verb) /dɪˈkri:s/ and decrease (noun) /ˈdi:kri:s/.
1 We were able to increase our profits, and this increase was
down to hard work.
2 Today he records his 300th CD, which breaks several records.
3 We import exotic fruit. This kind of import does well
over here.
4 This is your permit. It’ll permit you to enter freely.
5 The soldiers who desert usually hide out in the desert.
6 This project has allowed us to project future weather
conditions.
B Listen again and repeat the sentences.
2.2
3 A SENTENCE STRESS: passives Read six facts about
handcuffs. Which fact is not true?
1 Handcuffs have been used for thousands of years.
2 At first, they were made of rope and animal skin.
3 Metal handcuffs began to be used during the Bronze and
Iron Ages.
4 They’re mentioned in a story by Virgil over two thousand
years ago.
5 In theory, handcuffs cannot be removed without a key.
6 Handcuffs are banned in most Asian countries.
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B 2.3 Underline the passive forms. How
are they pronounced? Where are the weak
forms? Listen and check.
C 2.4 Listen and repeat the verb forms.
4 A SILENT LETTERS Read paragraphs A, B
and C. What type of texts are they?
A
The King’s daughter le the castle in autumn.
She had long been determined to visit foreign
shores, and so she caught a ship. The sea was
calm and soon they landed on an island named
Bantorino. There she met a handsome prince.
B
Lindherst was the most fascinating man
I’d known. The first time I met him, he was
a ballet dancer in Paris. Years later, I saw
him playing the guitar in Istanbul. We went
for a walk and he told me he’d trained as
a psychiatrist in Berlin, but had become a
writer instead. I doubted his story, but then he
showed me his books.
C
The alien was asleep. I held its wrist and felt
for a pulse. Nothing. Like a good doctor, I then
examined its whole body. The muscles were
small and tight and the one leg I could see was
human-shaped, with a knee, thigh and calf.
B 2.5 Find eight words with silent letters
in each paragraph. Listen and check.
2.3
5 A INTONATION: partially agreeing Read the
conversations. How do you think speaker B’s
responses might end?
1 A: I think that film’s really good.
B: I suppose so, but …
2 A: I thought the food was excellent.
B: Fair enough, but …
3 A: I think it’s her best book.
B: I’m not so sure. Personally, I think …
4 A: The programme was brilliant.
B: I agree to a certain extent, but …
5 A: The bus system in that city is great.
B: Up to a point, but …
B 2.6 Listen and check. What adjectives
does speaker B use?
C Listen again and say B’s part with the
speaker. Focus on intonation for partially
agreeing.
3 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 3
3.1
1A 3.1 WEAK FORMS IN AUXILIARIES Read and
listen to the story below about children. What point
do you think it illustrates?
a) Children like attention
b) Children are sometimes rude to adults
c) Children say clever things
An art teacher was observing his seven-year-olds
while they were drawing pictures. He got to one little
girl who had been drawing carefully for a long time.
She was concentrating so hard she hadn’t said a word
all lesson.
‘What are you drawing?’ asked the teacher.
‘God,’ said the girl.
‘But no one knows what God looks like,’ said the
teacher.
‘They will in a minute!’ said the girl.
B Circle examples of the past perfect simple, the past
continuous and the past perfect continuous. Where
are the weak forms in the verbs you circled?
C 3.2 Listen and repeat the verb phrases from
the story.
2 A RHYTHM IN SAYINGS Use words from the box to
complete the sayings.
nothing comes Romans twice around
shy silver gained do lining
1 When in Rome, do as the
2 Nothing ventured, .
3 What goes around  .
4 Once bitten, . language up.
5 Every cloud has a .
B 3.3 Listen and check.
C Read the Pronunciation tip. All the sayings in
Exercise 2A except one have two main stresses.
Which one has more than two? Underline the stressed
words in the sayings. Then listen again and repeat.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Many sayings use parallelism. This means the second
part echoes the first part, e.g. the vocabulary and/or
the rhythm. For example, Hope for the best, but
prepare for the worst., Practice makes perfect., Easy
come, easy go. Because of this, sayings oen have
two main stresses.
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3.2
3 A SENTENCE STRESS: I wish and if only The sentences
below have the stress on three words. Which words?
1 If only I’d done my job.
2 If only he hadn’t sold it.
3 I wish you’d bought the car.
4 If only he’d stayed at home.
5 I wish I weren’t so tired.
6 I wish I could go back.
B 3.4 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.
4 A STRESS ON SEPARABLE MULTI-WORD VERBS Read
the Pronunciation tip and do the task.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Multi-word verbs are separable if an object can come
between the verb and the particle. For example:
I turned up the music. I turned the music up.
1 When we name the noun, the stress is usually on
the noun: Turn the music up. Turn up the music.
2 If a pronoun (it, her, them, etc.) is used instead of
the noun, the stress is on the particle: Turn it up.
Say sentences to illustrate rules 1 and 2 using pick
up, throw away and take back.
B 3.5 Which word is stressed in these sentences?
Listen and check. Then listen again and repeat.
1 a) I gave up smoking. b) I gave it up.
2 a) What did she take up? b) She took up tennis.
3 a) I looked up the word. b) I looked it up.
.
4 a) Hang your jacket up. b) Hang it up.
5 a) Can you wake them up? b) Wake up the girls.
6 a) He picked the b) He picked up
French.
3.3
5A 3.6 SENTENCE STRESS Listen to these
comments about books, TV programmes and films.
Which words are stressed?
1 I’m a big fan of his films.
2 I’m not a big fan of manga.
3 What I really liked about the song was the lyrics.
4 I’m not that keen on biographies.
5 I’m quite keen on opera.
6 I just couldn’t get into that series.
7 I was really into her work.
8 I can’t stand blockbusters.
9 The thing I love about it is the characters.
10 The thing I didn’t like was the plot.
B Listen again and repeat. Focus on emphasising the
stressed words.
4 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 4 4.2

4.1 3 A WORD STRESS Look at the table. Start at ‘classic’
and go to ‘perfect’. Choose only adjectives that
1A 4.1 CONNECTED SPEECH: contractions are stressed on the first syllable. Go up, down, le
Two words are missing from each of these or right.
sentences. Listen and add the missing words.
Contracted words count as two words. classic superb awkward embarrassed
1 To switch off, the team for a meal. breathtaking significant hilarious unethical
2 talk for hours, me and my sisters.
stunning reasonable remarkable intense
3 She swim every evening.
4 As a child, play outside all the time. exhausted anxious nervous illegal
5 always online during his downtime. fascinated responsible eager perfect
6 On long flights read novels to
unwind. B 4.3 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.
7 To chill out, we go fishing.
8 In the evening, usually watch 4A 4.4 CONNECTED SPEECH Listen and write six
the news. questions. Which words are weakened in speech?
9 In the old days, what do to relax?
10 Did they go cycling at the weekend?
B Listen again and say the questions with the
speakers. Pay attention to the weakened forms.
B Which sentences contain contractions?
4.3
C Which of the words you wrote in Exercise 1A contain
the weak form /ə/? Listen and repeat the sentences. 5A 4.5 STRESS and INTONATION: mirror
questions Listen to the conversations. What
2 A PRONUNCIATION and SPELLING: irregular forms information does speaker B want to hear again?
(consonants) Read the Pronunciation tip and do
Conversation 1
the task.
A: He was in this restaurant, Insecto.
B: He was where?
PRONUNCIATION TIP
A: In a restaurant.
1 Sometimes letters can be silent, like the ‘h’ in hour, B: Oh.
the ‘k’ in know and the ‘w’ in write.
A: And they served a plate of fried spiders.
2 At other times, the presence of a silent letter
changes the vowel sound. For example, the silent B: They served what?!
‘l’ makes the vowel sounds in calm /kɑ:m/ and Conversation 2
walk /wɔ:k/ long sounds. A: Yesterday I was walking around town with Lorna.
3 Sometimes letters combine to make entirely B: With who?
different sounds, like the ‘gh’ in enough and the A: Lorna, my friend from school.
‘ph’ in photo, which are both pronounced /f/. B: Oh yes.
Which points (1, 2 or 3) do these words illustrate? A: And we found this shopping trolley full of money!
talk design when B: You found what?
climb laugh telephone
Conversation 3
A: So we went to this party in Lordsburg.
B The words below sound different to how they are B: You went where?
written. Match the words in columns A and B that A: To a party in Lordsburg.
have a similar irregularity in spelling/pronunciation. B: Oh, OK.
1 psychologist a) debt A: And these people had a pet monkey!
2 science b) cupboard silent ‘p’ B: They had what?!
3 sign c) scissors
4 honest d) toughest B Find two mirror questions in each conversation, and
5 comb e) champagne draw an arrow where the speaker’s voice rises.
6 rough f) ghost C 4.6 Listen to the questions and check. Then
listen again and repeat the questions.
C 4.2 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.

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5 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA
UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 5
5.1
1 A STRESS IN COMPOUND NOUNS AND COMPOUND
ADJECTIVES Read the Pronunciation tip and then
complete sentences 1–6 with words from the box
according to their stress pattern and meaning.
There are four extra words.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Compound nouns usually have the stress on the first
syllable: breakthrough, trade-off.
Compound adjectives use two words to form an
adjectival phrase. The stress is oen equal on both
parts. For example: highly-regarded doctor, energy-
efficient light bulb, hand-made chocolates.
outlook drawbacks downside hand-held
breakdowns waterproof built-in eco-friendly
breakthrough solar powered
1 I’m afraid there are several Oo to
this suggestion.
2 The house comes with OO
bookcases.
3 The Green Life Hotel is completely
OoOo.
4 Aer years of research, she finally made a
 Oo.
5 Charles Macintosh invented Ooo
clothing.
6 The car is OoOo, with panels on the
side; it works during the day.
B 5.1 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.
5.2
2A 5.2 SENTENCE STRESS: conditionals Read
and listen to the sentences below. Underline the
stressed words.
1 Ads are fine as long as they’re short.
2 Unless he improves, he’ll lose his contract.
3 If I had time, I’d bake a cake.
4 Suppose they came here, what would we do?
5 As long as we’re on time, we’ll be OK.
6 Which would you buy if money were no object?
7 She’ll be here soon unless there’s heavy traffic.
8 If you work hard, you’ll get your reward.
B Listen again and say the sentences with the
speakers.
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5.3
3A 5.3 INTONATION: suggestions Listen to
the conversation. What do you think they are
discussing?
A: How do you feel about this one?
B: Um, I like it, but to be honest, it wouldn’t be my
first choice. It’s a beautiful picture but the child is
alone and I think we want to emphasise the group
nature of the camp.
A: That it’s a big group of kids learning together.
C: Yes, I was thinking the same. I like the picture, but
to put it bluntly, it wouldn’t work for what we’re
trying to do.
B: It’s not quite right, is it?
C: I have to say, I think we’re on the wrong track
showing this blond kid who looks like an angel.
B: Kids aren’t angels. It looks too …
C: It’s too idealistic. I think we should go with
something more down to earth showing some of
the activities.
A: How does this second one strike you?
B: Better.
C: I think it would be great if we could use something
like this.
A: With a group of children.
C: With a bigger group. Hmm. Actually, is rock
climbing the image we want to promote?
B: Frankly, I don’t think this would be effective. A lot
of parents would be scared by this.
A: With that in mind, suppose we tried a group shot
of the kids doing something else, something safer.
B: Like fishing?
C: Or sleeping. Or eating burgers.
B Circle five phrases for making and asking for
suggestions and mark them S. Then underline
the stress.
C 5.4 Listen to the phrases. Do they start with
high or low intonation? Listen again and repeat,
copying the intonation.
4 A INTONATION: showing reservations Circle
five phrases for showing reservations in the
conversation in Exercise 3A and mark them R. Then
underline the stress.
B 5.5 Listen to the phrases. Then listen again
and repeat, copying the intonation.
6 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 6 B Complete the idioms in the nonsense rhymes with
the words in the box.
6.1
time feelings drags no despair downs
1A 6.1 EMPHASISING CORRECTIONS Listen to kill nick
the conversations. What words does speaker A
1 The sight of your hair
stress in order to emphasise the correct information?
Fills me with .
1 A: My cousin turns sixteen today.
2 Let’s go to the zoo
B: Sixty?
To an hour or two.
A: No, sixteen!
3 I try to make deals
2 A: She ate a pear. While he his heels.
B: She ate a bear?! 4 We stopped the crime
A: No, a pear! In the of time.
3 A: The book is about Marx, the comedian. 5 Any now
B: Karl Marx? She’ll milk the cow.
A: No, Groucho Marx! 6 She’ll be here in time
4 A: Aer Sydney, I visited the capital. With my lemon and lime.
B: Sydney is the capital, isn’t it? 7 About wooden ceilings
A: No, it’s Canberra. I have mixed .
5 A: I saw Jack’s son yesterday. 8 All these little towns
B: Who’s Jackson? Have their ups and .
A: No, Jack’s son.
C 6.3 Mark the stress on the idioms. Listen and
B Listen again and say A’s final line with the speaker. check. Then listen again and say the idioms with
Put the emphasis on the corrected information. the speakers.

6.2 6.3
2A 6.2 WEAK FORMS: auxiliaries Listen to what 4 A INTONATION: persuading Read some notes from
six people say about their future. Are any of these a conversation. What is the problem and what is
statements true for you? speaker B’s advice?
By 2030 … A: Son hanging out with bikers. Worried.
1 ‘I’ll have travelled the world.’ (Petrus, 42) B: Stage going through?
2 ‘We’ll be living in a house in the countryside.’ A: Son wants: go out, get tattoos, go on trips. Not
(Marianne, 32) mature enough.
3 ‘My partner and I will have started a family.’ B: Talk to him. Going out normal for teenagers.
(Ahmed, 18) A: Up to parents to set limits.
4 ‘I’ll be working in a law firm.’ (Gennaro, 17) B: Son wants to be part of group. Usually what happens.
5 ‘My kids will have grown up.’ (Ana, 29) A: Will talk to him.
6 ‘I’ll be enjoying my retirement.’ (Blessing, 53)
B 6.4 Listen to the complete conversation and
B Look at the auxiliary verbs have and be. How do you check.
pronounce these in connected speech? Listen and
check. Then listen again and repeat the sentences. C Complete the persuasive sentences from the
conversation.
3 A STRESS: idioms Read the Pronunciation tip and do 1 Don’t you think it’s just a he’s going
the task. through?
2 Isn’t it to talk to him about this?
PRONUNCIATION TIP 3 that’s normal for teenagers these days.
Idioms are oen very short phrases with two 4 Surely it’s to us to set some limits.
stressed words. Their rhythm helps to make them 5 Doesn’t he want to be part of a
memorable for speakers. Which two words do you group?
think are stressed in these idioms?
You’re a dark horse. It’s a piece of cake. D 6.5 Listen and check. Then listen again and
Give me a hand. I put my foot in it. repeat, copying the speaker’s intonation.

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7 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 7 7.3

7.1
1A 7.1 CONNECTED SPEECH: linking Listen to
the text. What type of blogger is the speaker and
why does he continue to write a blog?
Message from [03-Feb]
A few of us started blogging in 2000. None of us
thought it would become so popular. Me and a
partner started a food blog, although neither of us
knew much about food! Lots of our friends said it was
a waste of time. Plenty of other early bloggers gave
up. But both of us enjoy it so we continued.
B Circle one example of of + initial vowel in each
sentence. How is it pronounced in fast, connected
speech? What other examples of final consonant +
initial vowel can you find?
C Listen again and say the text with the speaker.
2A 7.2 STRESS IN MULTI-WORD VERBS Listen to
the sentences. Circle the multi-word verbs. Which
part is stressed in each: the verb, the particle(s) or
both equally?
1 I came across this old book.
2 That smell put me off my food.
3 Our car broke down.
4 They brought out a new game.
5 I take back what I said.
6 Turn down the music, please.
7 How do you put up with her?
8 I took him on and won!
9 That takes me back to my childhood.
10 They put me up for the night.
B Listen again and repeat the sentences.
4A 7.4 SENTENCE STRESS: emphasis Listen to
the conversations. Circle the phrases which are used
for emphasis.
1 A: Did you see the story about the billionaire
living on the streets?
B: The amazing thing is that no one recognised him.
2 A: The President passed a law guaranteeing free
healthcare.
B: How on earth did he manage that?
3 A: It says here that a plane crashed and everyone
survived.
B: That is so amazing!
4 A: Wow! Over a hundred thousand people applied
to take part in a reality show.
B: There’s no way I’d do that!
5 A: It says here pollution levels have reached a
record high.
B: I do think they should do something about it.
B Underline the stress on speaker B’s responses.
Which parts are said with high intonation? Listen
again and say B’s part with the speaker.
5 A VOWEL SOUNDS: minimal pairs Read the
Pronunciation tip and do the task.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Some vowel sounds can sound similar in fast,
connected speech. Usually the context tells us what
the speaker means, but sometimes we need to listen
carefully to hear the correct vowel sound.
Say these pairs of sentences fast. Make sure you
differentiate the bold words.
I can fill (/fɪl/) it. I can feel (/fiːl/) it.
That’s a big bull (/bʊl/)! That’s a big ball (/bɔːl/)!
It’s getting light (/laɪt/). It’s getting late (/leɪt/).

7.2 B 7.5 Listen and number the sentences in each

pair in the order you hear them. Then listen again
3 A WORD STRESS: reporting verbs Do the pairs of and repeat.
verbs have the same stress pattern or different? 1 a) She drew a heart. b) She drew a hat.      
Write S (same) or D (different) next to each pair. 2 a) Come into b) Come into
1 a) admit b) threaten       the shade. the shed.      
2 a) persuade b) suggest       3 a) Don’t sleep now!   b) Don’t slip now!      
3 a) advise b) promise       4 a) I’m hoping!       b) I’m hopping!      
4 a) agree b) refuse       5 a) That’s cool, b) That’s coal,
5 a) deny b) apologise       isn’t it? isn’t it?      
6 a) remind b) invite       6 a) Pass me the pen. b) Pass me the pin.      
7 a) offer b) accuse       7 a) It’s far. b) It’s fire.    
8 a) warn b) tell       8 a) We saw the pot.   b) We saw the port.
     
B 7.3 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.

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 8 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 8 8.2

8.1
1 A CONNECTED SPEECH: weak forms Read the news
headline and the six comments. Are any of the
comments true for you?
Girl, 15, jumps into lion cage to save
6-year-old boy who fell in.
1 ‘I would have done the same thing.’ (Wen-Chi, 22)
2 ‘I wouldn’t have jumped in!’ (Max, 17)
3 ‘I might have called for help.’ (Britney, 19)
4 ‘I couldn’t have saved him. I can’t climb fences.’
(Paulo, 77)
5 ‘I would have called the zookeeper.’ (Sanjay, 30)
6 ‘I might not have jumped in but I’d have done
something.’ (Ella, 24)
B Underline the conditional verb forms in the
sentences. How are they pronounced in connected
speech?
C 8.1 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.
2 A COMPOUND ADJECTIVES Read the Pronunciation
tip and do the task.
PRONUNCIATION TIP
Compound adjectives oen have the stress on both
of the words.
Say these compound adjectives plus the noun. Put
equal stress on the two parts of the adjective.
high-heeled shoes dark-haired girl
hand-made chocolates
3 A CONNECTED SPEECH: intrusive /w/ Read the
sentences and underline the examples of to. How is
it pronounced: /tə/ or /tu:w/? Can you remember
the rule?
1 We don’t want to eat here.
2 This gives us a chance to relax.
3 You seem unable to cope.
4 I hate having to organise everything.
5 She likes being able to ask questions.
6 I tend to put off decisions.
7 The language isn’t easy to understand.
8 I enjoy being able to make my own decisions.
9 We’d like to open a restaurant.
10 It’s important to be patient.
B 8.3 Listen and check. Then listen again and
repeat. Focus on pronouncing /tə/ and /tu:w/
correctly.
8.3
4 A WORD STRESS Write the words in the correct
group according to their stress patterns.
diplomatic tactful tactless aggressive
sensitive insensitive focused unfocused
supportive unsupportive unhelpful
sensible direct indirect assertive
Oo oO

B Read the two paragraphs. What type of texts are

they? Ooo oOo ooO
The man was well-built. He was broad-shouldered
and very tall. I didn’t get a good look at his face but
he was curly-haired. The other thing I remember is
that he was wearing tight-fitting jeans. I saw him
running, and then he jumped over that 4-metre
fence.
oOoo ooOo
Learning a language can be time-consuming.
The two-month intensive course is part of our
long-running Language Masters program. Taking
place in our brand-new building on Berkeley Street,
the course boasts highly-qualified teachers and all
the latest technology.

C Circle five compound adjectives in each text. B 8.4 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.

D 8.2 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.

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Upper_Intermediate_Pronounciation_Extra.indd 8 22/02/2016 07:55

9 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 9 B Underline the modal verb forms in the sentences
in Exercise 3A. Then match them to the phonemic
9.1 symbols below.
a) /maɪtəv/ b) /kʊdəntəv/ c) /kɑːntəv/           
1 A CONNECTED SPEECH: elision Match the crimes in d) /kʊdəv/ e) /mʌstəv/           
the box to witness statements 1–8.

pickpocketing stalking vandalism C 9.3 Listen and repeat the sentences. Focus on
identity the counterfeiting mugging the past modals.
arson shopliing
9.3
1 He smashed ten windows and a door.
2 He burned down the factory. 4 A CONSONANT CLUSTERS Read the Pronunciation tip
3 The man kept turning up at my house. and do the task.
4 She put her hand deep into my bag.
5 I stopped to help the poor lady on the floor. PRONUNCIATION TIP
6 They made dozens of documents – all fakes. Consonant clusters are groups of two or more
7 She pretended to be me. consonant sounds that occur together and can be
8 She stole loads of things from that department store. difficult to pronounce. For example, trip has the
cluster ‘tr’ (/tr/), cloud has the cluster ‘cl’ (/kl/) and
B 9.1 Listen to the statements and cross out splashed has two clusters: ‘spl’ /spl/ and ‘shed’ /ʃt/.
letters at word endings that are not pronounced. Underline the consonant clusters in these words.
Then listen again and repeat. Which word has two consonant clusters? How are the
words pronounced?
2A 9.2 WEAK FORMS: dependent prepositions
pinch throw crab bathes accept scrape
Listen to the radio news headlines and write the
strain angle filth
missing prepositions.
1 A company has banned smokers its offices.
2 A manufacturer has been criticised its B Two words in each sentence are missing the same
treatment of workers. consonant cluster. Complete the sentences.
3 A jury has cleared the President bribery. 1 That Fre restaurant does a very good
4 A doctor dreams becoming Olympic champ. lu .
5 An actor has been rescued a mugging. 2 They will attem  to ado  a baby.
6 A pilot is being blamed a fatal crash. 3 October is the te mo of the year.
7 A sports star is suspected tax evasion. 4 I’ve watched this iller ee times!
8 A CEO has apologised pollution to the 5 You’ll need a ong piece of ing to tie
rainforest. around it.
6 Walking through the ju , I didn’t see a
B How are the prepositions pronounced in fast, si animal.
connected speech? Listen again and repeat the 7 Hea is more important than wea .
sentences. 8 You need stre to walk the le of the
country.
9.2 9 The recent bir and dea  are listed in
the paper.
3 A CONNECTED SPEECH: 10 This tiny insect’s wi is just one
past modals Look at hundre of an inch.
the photo and read
11 She eamed because of one little
the sentences about
atch!
it. Which do you
12 It was a endid feeling to it the
agree with?
lottery winnings.
1 It must have been
13 He brea more easily when wearing light
an earthquake.
clo .
2 It couldn’t have
14 In the ing these birds ead all over
been a bomb.
the continent.
3 The photo could have been taken around 1900.
4 The people in the photo might have lived there. C 9.4 Listen and check. Then listen and repeat.
5 They can’t have expected such a disaster.

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10 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

UPPER INTERMEDIATE UNIT 10 3 A CONNECTED SPEECH: two-part phrases

Complete the nonsense rhymes by adding
10.1 one word.
1 Sooner or         
1A 10.1 INTONATION: relative clauses Listen to the
I’ll catch an alligator!
description of a book. Would you like to read it? Why/Why not?
2 I’m tired of this riot.
David, who was born deaf, travels to France to meet his older I need peace and !
sister, Jeannie. Before he meets her, Jeannie, who is on holiday, 3 Statues made of bronze
witnesses a gang murder. The criminal gang, whose boss turns Have their pros and .
out to be a politician, then captures Jeannie. David must try to
4 One way or           
rescue her. The suburbs of Paris, where most of the action takes
I’ll beat my little brother!
place, are a perfect setting for this dark tale. The book, which
was recently made into a film, is fast-paced and full of suspense. 5 The trouble with John
Is that he goes on and !
B Underline five non-defining relative clauses and then read 6 ‘Please – some give and !’
the Pronunciation tip. Said the mouse to the snake.
7 I’m sick and           
PRONUNCIATION TIP Of getting fired!
Non-defining relative clauses contain extra information that is 8 ‘You’ve come on leaps and
not essential to the meaning of the sentence. For this reason, !’
they are oen said in a slightly lower pitch than the main clause. Said the fox to the hounds.

B 10.3 Listen and check.

C Listen again and say the description with the speaker. Copy
C 10.4 Listen and repeat the two-part
the intonation, focusing on how the non-defining relative
phrases only. Concentrate on the rhythm
clauses are said in a lower pitch.
and make sure you use the weak form
of and.
10.2
2 A WORD STRESS: the arts Use the words in the box to 10.3
complete the sentences. Choose them according to their
stress pattern and meaning.
4A 10.5 INTONATION IN COMMENTS
Listen to these lines from a tour. Where is
acoustic saxophone face the music performance sell-out the tour taking place?
drum up letdown ground-breaking clarinet for a song 1 As I’m sure you know, Nelson Mandela
rave reviews create a stir alternative changed his tune spent 27 years in prison.
1 That film has been getting OoO. 2 As a matter of fact, 18 of these years
were spent here on Robben Island.
2 I made a big mistake, so now I have to  OoOo.
3 Apparently, when Mandela arrived here,
3 The concert’s a Oo; there are no tickets le.
a warden told him, ‘This is the island.
4 He’s one of the world’s greatest Ooo players. This is where you will die.’
5 We need to OO some support for our ideas. 4 The story goes, Mandela oen
6 He’s not a mainstream actor; he prefers protested about the treatment of the
 oOoo films. prisoners and his punishment was to be
7 That type of guitar is usually expensive, but he got it locked up in isolation.
ooO. 5 Interestingly, the prisoners were
8 Aer all the hype, the book was a bit of a Oo. allowed to take educational courses.
9 This controversial film is going to oOoO. 6 Believe it or not, many of Robben
10 She plays six instruments, but her favourite is Island’s prisoners later returned to work
the ooO. here as tour guides.
11 The critics say it’s a really Ooo exhibition.
12 It’s a new piece for oOo guitar. B Which parts of the words/phrases in bold
are stressed?
13 I just loved the lead actor’s oOo.
14 When he saw the costs involved, he OoO. C 10.6 Listen to the underlined words/
phrases in bold and copy the intonation.
B 10.2 Listen and check. Then listen again and say the
sentences with the speakers.

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 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

UPPER INTERMEDIATE 1.3 4B

ANSWER KEY 5B A: daughter, castle, autumn, foreign,
caught, calm, island, handsome
Conversation 1 B: fascinating, known, ballet, guitar, walk,
UNIT 1 I’d like to enquire about the cooking psychiatrist, writer, doubted
1.1 course. C: wrist, whole, muscles, tight, could, knee,
Can you tell me the dates? thigh, calf
1B I was wondering if it would be possible for
1 tell 2 mind 3 wondering 4 idea me to miss the first week.
5 ask 6 know Would there be any chance of a refund? 2.3
The words that are missing in Exercise 1A Conversation 2
Could you give me some information
5B
are all stressed.
about the gym? The final chunk for partially agreeing –
2A Do you mind me asking what it costs?
Is that a good price?
‘up to a point’ – is new language for Ss.
Explain that it means the same as ‘to a
Audio script
/t/ tip /d/ dip certain extent’.
/f/ few /v/ view UNIT 2 1 long 2 expensive 3 boring
/p/ pack /b/ back
4 disturbing 5 slow
/k/ come /g/ gum 2.1
/ʃ/ shake /ʒ/ pleasure Audio script
/θ/ thick /ð/ them 1A 1 A: I think that film’s really good.
Where have /ə/ you been? What have /ə/ B: I suppose so, but it’s a bit long.
2B you seen? 2 A: I thought the food was excellent.
1 /θ/ (‘th’) 2 /b/ (‘b’) 3 /f/ (‘f’) What have /ə/ you been /ɪ/ doing … ? B: Fair enough, but it’s a bit expensive.
4 /k/ (‘c’) 5 /t/ (‘t’) 6 /ʃ/ (‘sh’) What has /ə/ he been /ɪ/ saying … ? 3 A: I think it’s her best book.
What else has /ə/ he shown you … ? B: I’m not so sure. Personally, I think it’s
What have /ə/ you learnt … ? a bit boring.
1.2 4 A: The programme was brilliant.
3B 2A B: I agree to a certain extent, but it was
1 We were able to increase our profits, a bit disturbing.
1 Has Olga been outside today? and this increase was down to hard 5 A: The bus system in that city is great.
2 She hasn’t called us for ages. work. B: Up to a point, but it’s a bit slow.
3 We sat under a tree. 2 Today he records his 300th CD, which
4 They’ve heard us sing in church. breaks several records.
5 Has it been six hours? 3 We import exotic fruit. This kind of
UNIT 3
6 She got up on time.
7 I felt able to stop it.
import does well over here. 3.1
4 This is your permit. It’ll permit you to
8 We le Jill’s oven on. enter freely. 1A
4A 5 The soldiers who desert usually hide
out in the desert.
c) Children say clever things

Check the spelling of all the noun forms
before Ss do Ex 4C.
disappointment signature satisfaction
nervousness creativity identification
fascination relief activity originality
4B
6 This project has allowed us to project
future weather conditions.
1B
An art teacher was /wəz/ observing
They were /wə/ drawing
One little girl who had /həd/ been /bɪn/
2.2
drawing
3A She was /wəz/ concentrating
Check Ss know the meaning of
She hadn’t said a word

1 creativity 2 identification ‘handcuffs’, either using mime or by 2B/C

3 originality 4 satisfaction 5 activity drawing a pair on the board. 1 When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
2 Nothing ventured, nothing gained.
4C Fact 6 is not true.
3 What goes around comes around.
satisfy satisfaction
create creativity 3B 4 Once bitten, twice shy.
5 Every cloud has a silver lining.
identify identification 1 have /əv/ been /bɪn/ used
2 were /wə/ made Saying 5 has three stresses.
fascinating fascination
active activity 3 began to /tə/ be used
original originality 4 They’re /ðeə/ mentioned 3.2
5 cannot be removed
6 are /ə/ banned 3B
4A 1
2
If only I’d done my job.
If only he hadn’t sold it.
Extracts from novels/short stories 3 I wish you’d bought the car.
4 If only he’d stayed at home.
5 I wish I weren’t so tired.
6 I wish I could go back.

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 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

4A 4.2 5.3
Suggested answers:
Pick the paper up. Pick up the paper. Pick it up. 3B 3A
Throw the rubbish away. Throw away the classic, breathtaking, stunning, reasonable,
Guide Ss through the recording with
rubbish. Throw it away. anxious, nervous, eager, perfect
questions, e.g. What are the speakers
Take the book back. Take back the book.
Take it back. 4A looking at? How many pictures? What do
the pictures show? Why are they choosing
pictures?
4B Tell Ss to write out the questions in full
with no contractions.
1 a) I gave up smoking. They are discussing an ad campaign for an
b) I gave it up. 1 Where will you be at six o’clock? outdoor camp for children.
2 a) What did she take up? 2 What are you doing tonight? (what are
b) She took up tennis. is pronounced /wɒtə/) 3B
3 a) I looked up the word. 3 When will you know? How do you feel about this one?
b) I looked it up. 4 Where are you going? (where are is I think we should go with …
4 a) Hang your jacket up. pronounced /weərə/) How does this second one strike you?
b) Hang it up. 5 Who will you speak to? I think it would be great if we could …
5 a) Can you wake them up? 6 When are you leaving? (when are is With that in mind, suppose we tried …
b) Wake up the girls. pronounced /wenə/)
6 a) He picked the language up. 3C
b) He picked up French. High intonation
4.3
3.3 5A 4A
To be honest To put it bluntly
1 where A was and what they served
5A 2 who A was walking around town with
I have to say Actually Frankly
1 I’m a big fan of his films.
2 I’m not a big fan of manga.
and what they found
3 where A went and what the people had
4B
3 What I really liked about the song was Aer Ex 4B, have Ss listen to and shadow
the lyrics. 5C read the whole recording again.
4 I’m not that keen on biographies. 1 He was where? They served what?!
5 I’m quite keen on opera. 2 With who? You found what?
6 I just couldn’t get into that series. 3 You went where? They had what?! UNIT 6
7 I was really into her work.
8 I can’t stand blockbusters.
The voice rises on the wh- question at 6.1
the end.
9 The thing I love about it is the
characters. 1A
10 The thing I didn’t like was the plot. UNIT 5 1 A: My cousin turns sixteen today.
B: Sixty?
5.1 A: No, sixteen!
UNIT 4 2 A: She ate a pear.
4.1
1B B: She ate a bear?!
1 drawbacks 2 built-in 3 eco-friendly A: No, a pear!
1A 4 breakthrough 5 waterproof
6 solar powered
3 A: The book is about Marx, the
1 will go 2 We’d 3 used to 4 I’d comedian.
5 He’s 6 I’ll 7 used to 8 I’ll B: Karl Marx?
9 would you 10 use to 5.2 A: No, Groucho Marx!
4 A: Aer Sydney, I visited the capital.
1B 2A B: Sydney is the capital, isn’t it?
Sentences 2, 4, 5, 6, and 8 contain 1 Ads are fine as long as they’re short. A: No, it’s Canberra.
contractions. 2 Unless he improves, he’ll lose his 5 A: I saw Jack’s son yesterday.
contract. B: Who’s Jackson?
1C 3 If I had time, I’d bake a cake. A: No, Jack’s son.
3, 7 and 10 contain the weak form /ə/ in 4 Suppose they came here, what would
the to of used to. we do?
5 As long as we’re on time, we’ll be OK. 6.2
2A 6 Which would you buy if money were no
talk – 2 design – 2 when – 1 climb – 2 object? 2B
laugh – 3 telephone – 3 7 She’ll be here soon unless there’s heavy 1 have /həv/ 2 be /bi:/ 3 have /həv/
traffic. 4 be /bi:/ 5 have /həv/ 6 be /bi:/
2C 8 If you work hard, you’ll get your reward. Ss will know that the auxiliary have is
1 b) (silent ‘p’) 2 c) (silent ‘c’) oen weakened to /əv/. However, in this
3 e) (silent ‘g’) 4 f) (silent ‘h’) exercise, where have is preceded by will,
5 a) (silent ‘b’) the speakers do pronounce the initial /h/
6 d) (‘gh’ makes a /f/ sound) in order not to make the weakened form
too challenging for the level.

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 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

3A UNIT 7 UNIT 8
You’re a dark horse. It’s a piece of cake. 7.1 8.1
Give me a hand. I put my foot in it.

3B 1A 1C
A food blogger. He enjoys it. 1 I would have done
1 despair 2 kill 3 drags 4 nick 2 I wouldn’t have jumped
5 time 6 no 7 feelings 8 downs 1B 3 I might have called
3C Check Ss’ answers before they listen and
4 I couldn’t have saved
5 I would have called
1 Fills me with despair shadow read the text in Ex 1C.
6 I might not have jumped, I’d have done
2 To kill an hour or two
Examples of consonants at the end of a In connected speech, have is oen
3 drags his heels
word + vowel sound at the start of the contracted to /əv/.
4 In the nick of time
next word are underlined.
5
6
Any time now
in no time A few of us started blogging in 2000.
2B
7 have mixed feelings The first text is a witness statement.
None of us thought it would become so
8 Have their ups and downs popular. The second text is an advertisement or
promotional material for a language
Me and a partner started a food blog, school.
6.3 although neither of us knew much about

4B
food! 2D
Lots of our friends said it was a waste of well-built, broad-shouldered, curly-haired,
Speaker A’s son is hanging out with bikers time. tight-fitting, 4-metre
and wants to go out with them, get tattoos Plenty of other early bloggers gave up. time-consuming, two-month,
and go on trips, but he’s too young. But both of us enjoy it so we continued. long-running, brand-new, highly-qualified
Speaker B thinks speaker A should talk to
Of in fast connected speech is
him about it.
pronounced /əv/.
Audio script 8.2
B: So what’s up? 2A 3B
A: My son’s started hanging out with this 1 I came across this old book.
group of bikers. 2 That smell put me off my food. 1 /tu:w/ 2 /tə/ 3 /tə/ 4 /tu:w/
B: Oh yes? Are you worried? 3 Our car broke down. 5 /tu:w/ 6 /tə/ 7 /tu:w/ 8 /tə/
A: Very. 4 They brought out a new game. 9 /tu:w/ 10 /tə/
B: Don’t you think it’s just a stage he’s 5 I take back what I said. When to comes before a vowel sound, it is
going through? You know, trying to find 6 Turn down the music, please. pronounced /tu:w/. Before a consonant it
his identity. 7 How do you put up with her? is pronounced /tə/.
A: Yes, but he wants to go out with them, 8 I took him on and won!
get tattoos, go on trips. I don’t think 9 That takes me back to my childhood.
he’s mature enough. 10 They put me up for the night.
8.3
B: Have you asked him about it?
A: No, not yet.
4B
B: Isn’t it better to talk to him about this? 7.2 Oo: tactful, tactless, focused
I mean, going out, that kind of thing. oO: direct
Surely that’s normal for teenagers 3B Ooo: sensitive, sensible
these days. 1D 2S 3D 4S 5D 6S 7D 8S oOo: aggressive, unfocused, supportive,
A: I suppose so. But we can’t let him do unhelpful, assertive
whatever he wants. We try to give him ooO: indirect
7.3 oOoo: insensitive
enough freedom, but surely it’s up to us
ooOo: diplomatic, unsupportive
to set some limits.
B: Doesn’t he simply want to be part of a
4A/B
1 The amazing thing is
group? That’s usually what happens at UNIT 9
2 How on earth did
that age.
3 That is so amazing!
A: Yes, you’re probably right. I’ll talk to
4 There’s no way I’d do that!
9.1
him.
5 I do think they should do something
1A
4D about it.
1 vandalism 2 arson 3 stalking
1 stage 2 better 3 Surely 4 up The stressed parts are said with high 4 pickpocketing 5 mugging
5 simply intonation. 6 counterfeiting 7 identity the
5B 8 shopliing

1 a) 1 b) 2 2 a) 2 b) 1 3 a) 2 b) 1
4 a) 1 b) 2 5 a) 1 b) 2 6 a) 1 b) 2
7 a) 2 b) 1 8 a) 2 b) 1
1B
1 smashed ten 2 burned down
3 kept turning 4 hand deep
5 stopped to 6 made dozens
7 pretended to 8 that department

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 PRONUNCIATION EXTRA

2A 10.3
1 from 2 for 3 of 4 of 5 from
6 for 7 of 8 for 4A
Robben Island, South Africa, where Nelson
2B Mandela was imprisoned
The prepositions all use the schwa sound
/ə/ in fast, connected speech. 4B
1 As I’m sure you know
2 As a matter of fact
9.2 3 Apparently
4 The story goes
3B 5 Interestingly
a) 4, might have 6 Believe it or not
b) 2, couldn’t have
c) 5, can’t have
d) 3, could have
e) 1, must have

9.3
4A
pinch, throw, crab, bathes, accept (two
consonant clusters), scrape, strain, angle,
filth

4C
1 nch (/ntʃ/) 2 pt (/pt/) 3 nth (/nθ/)
4 thr (/θr/) 5 str (/str/) 6 ngle (/ŋgl/)
7 lth (/lθ/) 8 ngth (/ŋkθ/) 9 ths (/θs/)
10 dth (/dθ/) 11 scr (/skr/)
12 spl (/spl/) 13 thes (/ðz/)
14 spr (/spr/)

UNIT 10
10.1
1B
who was born deaf
who is on holiday
whose boss turns out to be a politician
where most of the action takes place
which was recently made into a film

10.2
2B
1 rave reviews 2 face the music
3 sell-out 4 saxophone 5 drum up
6 alternative 7 for a song 8 letdown
9 create a stir 10 clarinet
11 ground-breaking 12 acoustic
13 performance 14 changed his tune

3B
In most of the two-part phrases the ‘d’ of
and is elided and you may like to point
out this for Ss. It is however pronounced
in item 5 as the next word starts with a
vowel sound.

1 later 2 quiet 3 cons 4 another

5 on 6 take 7 tired 8 bounds

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