4/2010 ВЕСТНИК

МГСУ

ɗɄɋɉɊȿɋɋ ɆȿɌɈȾɕ ȼ ȽȿɈɌȿɏɇɂɑȿɋɄɈɆ ɆɈɇɂɌɈɊɂɇȽȿ

EXPRESS METODS IN GEOTECHNICAL MONITORING

Ⱥ. ɇ. Ƚɚɜɪɢɥɨɜ, ȿ. Ɇ. Ƚɪɹɡɧɨɜɚ

A. N. Gavrilov, E.M. Gryaznova

ȽɈɍ ȼɉɈ ɆȽɋɍ, ɇɌɈɐ ɂȾɆɁɢɋ

ɉɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢ ɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ

ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ ɡɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟɦ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɜ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɣ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ.

Some results and recommendations for geotechnical monitoring of the foundations soils
during the building in congested urban environment are discussed.

ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɝɨɪɨ-

ɞɨɜ, ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɚɤ Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, ɝɞɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɚ ɷɬɚɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ, ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ
ɝɨɞɵ ɢɞɟɬ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɫ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ.
ȼɵɟɦɤɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɢ ɜɨɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɚɞɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɜ ɬɨɣ
ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ, ɱɬɨ, ɤɚɤ
ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ, ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɦɵɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ.
ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ, ɪɟɝɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ [1] ɩɪɟɞɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɪɨɤɚ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɧɟ
ɦɟɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 1-ɝɨ ɝɨɞɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɟɧɢɹ. ȼ ɨɛɳɟɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫ ɪɚɛɨɬ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧ-
ɧɨɟ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ, ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɩɪɢɦɵɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɤ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ
ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ, ɧɨ ɢ ɜɵɹɜɢɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɝɪɭɧɬɚɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɦ
ɦɚɫɫɢɜɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ. ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟ-
ɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ, ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ, ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɭ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɟ-
ɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɸ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɣ ɨɬ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ
ɪɚɛɨɬ, ɚ, ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɫɨɯɪɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ, ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɳɟɣ ɜ ɡɨɧɭ
ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ (ɫɦ. [6]).
Ⱦɥɹ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ ɧɟ-
ɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɪɟɠɢɦɧɵɯ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɡɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟ-
ɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɢ, ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɡɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ
ɢ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɜɨɞ (ɍɉȼ).
Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ, ɬɚ-
ɤɢɦɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɤɚ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɨɤ, ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ ɢ ɲɭɪɮɨɜ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜ-
ɤɚ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɧɵɯ ɦɚɪɨɤ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ, ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɬɟɫɧɨɣ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ
ɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɟɧɚ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɜɨɡ-
ɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹɯ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɜɨɡɜɟɞɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɡɨɧɭ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬ-

61
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МГСУ

ɜɚ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ

ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɢ, ɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɫɬɨɜɟɪɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɧɟ ɧɚɪɭɲɚɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɡɞɚ-
ɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ.
ɂɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɵɫɤɚɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɵɯ
ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵɟ, ɩɨɥɟɜɵɟ ɨɩɵɬ-
ɧɵɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɦɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɹ in situ [5]. ȼ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ ɫ ɭɫɩɟɯɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɤɨɧ-
ɬɚɤɬɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɨɧɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɗȾɁ), ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɬɢɩ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ
ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɚɪɨɬɚɠɚ, ɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬ-
ɜɚɯ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɨɧɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ [2]. ȼ ɛɭɪɟɧɢɢ
ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ ɢ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɧɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ.

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МГСУ

Ʉ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɤɚɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɤɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɬɨɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɚɪɨɬɚɠɚ ɩɪɢ ɡɨɧɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɧɢɠɟ ɍɉȼ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɵ ɬɟɯɧɨɝɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɭɬɟɱɤɚɦɢ ɢɡ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚ-
ɰɢɣ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ, ɷɬɨɬ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧ ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ
ɗȾɁ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɟ ɫ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɨɦ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-
ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɵɫɤɚɧɢɣ.
ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɢɫɬɨɪɢ-
ɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɝ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɣ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ. ɇɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɫɬɪɨɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɚɞɪɟɫɭ: ɝ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, Ɇɚɥɚɹ ɇɢɤɢɬɫɤɚɹ ɭɥ. ɞ. 15, ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ
ɧɨɜɨɝɨ 6-ɬɢ ɷɬɚɠɧɨɝɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɭɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɮɚɫɚɞɚ ɨɬ
ɫɬɚɪɨɝɨ ɫɧɟɫɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɦɚ. ɍɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɮɚɫɚɞ ɛɵɥ ɭɫɢɥɟɧ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɧɚ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɪɚɡɛɨɪɤɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɫɬɚɪɨɝɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɤ ɫɬɪɨɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɩɪɢɦɵɤɚɸɬ ɟɳɟ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ, ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɤɨ-
ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɦɹɬɧɢɤɚɦɢ. ɉɥɚɧ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ.1
ɉɨɞ ɧɨɜɵɦ ɡɞɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɞɜɭɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɣ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɫɬɨɹɧ-
ɤɢ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɨɤɨɥɨ 8-ɦɢ ɦɟɬɪɨɜ. Ⱦɥɹ ɱɟɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɣɬɢ ɤɨɬɥɨɜɚɧ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬ-
ɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɵ ɩɨɞ ɡɚɳɢɬɨɣ ɲɩɭɧɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ.
Ⱦɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɫ 1979 ɩɨ 2007 ɝ. ɧɟɨɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢ-
ɥɢɫɶ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɡɵɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢ Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɝɨ
ɬɪɟɫɬɚ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɨ-ɝɟɨɞɟɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɤɚɪɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ (ɆȽȽɌ). ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɛɵɥɨ ɭɫ-
ɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ, ɩɨɞ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɩɪɢɦɵ-
ɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɤ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ, ɡɚɥɟɝɚɥɢ ɚɥɥɸɜɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɟɫɱɚɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɵ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ
ɤɪɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɝɪɚɜɢɟɦ, ɪɟɠɟ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɟ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɦɨɞɭɥɟɦ ɨɛɳɟɣ
ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ȿɨ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ 32 Ɇɉɚ. Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɩɨɥ-
ɧɟɧɨ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨɟ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɜ ɡɨɧɭ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɨɛ-
ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɫɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ
ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ. Ɂɚ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɦɢ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ ɢɸɥɹ 2004 ɝ. ɆȽȽɌ ɛɵɥ ɭɫɬɚ-
ɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɝɟɨɞɟɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝ.
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɵɫɤɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɟɦ
ɡɚ 20 ɥɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɝɢɞɪɨɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɨɧɤɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɩɨ-
ɤɚɡɚɧɵ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ.2 (ɚ ɢ ɛ).
ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɧɚɱɚɬɵ ɜ ɫɟɧɬɹɛɪɟ 2007 ɝ. ȼɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ, ɤ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɥɟɠɚɥɢ ɜ
ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ -3,1 ÷ -5,5 ɦɦ. ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɥ ɩɪɨ-
ɯɨɞɤɭ ɥɢɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ 377 ɦɦ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ 18 ɦ ɞɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɲɩɭɧɬɨɜɨɝɨ
ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ. ɉɪɨɯɨɞɤɚ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɨɤɬɹɛɪɟ 2007 ɝ. ɲɧɟɤɨɜɵɦ ɛɭ-
ɪɟɧɢɟɦ, ɜɦɟɫɬɨ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɦ, ɤɨɥɨɧɤɨɜɨɝɨ.
ɉɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɛɵɥ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɪɨɫɬ ɨɫɚɞɨɤ, ɡɧɚɱɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɤ ɤɨɧɰɭ ɨɤɬɹɛɪɹ 2007 ɝ. ɥɟɠɚɥɢ ɭɠɟ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ -2,5 ÷ -90,8 ɦɦ. Ɋɨɫɬ ɨɫɚ-
ɞɨɤ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɥɫɹ ɬɪɟɳɢɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɮɚɫɚɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɧɚɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɩɪɢɦɵɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɤ
ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ. ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɪɢɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɨ ɜ
ɤɪɚɬɱɚɣɲɢɟ ɫɪɨɤɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɫɬɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɭ ɮɭɧɞɚ-
ɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɲɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ.
ɉɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɪɟɲɚɥɚɫɶ, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɦ ɜɵɲɟ, ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɗȾɁ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɩɪɨɜɟ-
ɞɟɧɢɹ ɗȾɁ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɚ ɜ [2], ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ, ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɹɫɶ ɧɚ ɧɟɣ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɨ,
ɫɪɚɡɭ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ.

63
ВЕСТНИК 4/2010
МГСУ

Ɂɨɧɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɨɫɶ ɜ 25 ɬɨɱɤɚɯ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.1) ɜ

ɥɢɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧɚɯ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ 2,5 ÷ 4,0 ɦ, ɩɪɨɣɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɤɜɨɡɶ ɬɨɥɳɭ ɧɚɫɵɩɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɧ-
ɬɨɜ. Ƚɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɡɨɧɞɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɥɚ 11 ɦ, ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɚ ɜɫɸ ɦɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ
ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢ.
ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɱɚɫɬ-
ɤɚɯ, ɝɞɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɤɟ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɢɯ ɥɢɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ, ɩɨɹɜɢɥɫɹ ɧɨ-
ɜɵɣ, ɪɚɧɟɟ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɧɟ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɢɣɫɹ, ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ
(ɂȽɗ) – ɪɵɯɥɵɟ ɩɟɫɤɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ, ɪɟɠɟ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɟ. Ƚɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɨɧɤɢ ɫ
ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɜɵɦɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɦɨɞɭɥɹ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ (ȿɨ) ɩɨ ɬɨɱɤɚɦ
ɗȾɁ ʋ3 ɢ ʋ6, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɟ ɫɤɜɚɠɢɧ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ʋ 3/87 ɢ ʋ2/03 ɧɚ ɪɢɫ.
2 (ɜ ɢ ɝ).

64
 4/2010 ВЕСТНИК
МГСУ

ɂɡ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɬɨɱɤɚɦ ɗȾɁ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ,

ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɥɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ, ɜ 1,8 ɪɚɡɚ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɡɧɚ-
ɱɟɧɢɣ ȿɨ., ɱɬɨ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɩɨɜɵɫɢɥɨ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɵ-
ɡɜɚɥɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɫɚɞɨɤ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɩɪɢɦɵɤɚɸɳɢɯ ɤ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ.
ɂɡ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɜɢɞɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɩɨ ɨɫ-
ɜɨɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ
ɫɪɟɞɭ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ. ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟ-
ɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɢɫɶ ɢ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɯ, ɪɚɫɩɨ-
ɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ ɝ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɵ ɢ ɢɦɟɜɲɢɯ ɫɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-
ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ. (ɫɦ. [3]). ȼ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ, ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ
ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɣ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨ-
ɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɳɚɞɹɳɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɫ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢ-
ɟɦ, ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ, ɨɩɟɪɟɠɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ, ɩɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɦ,
ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɜ ɡɨɧɭ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ, ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɨ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɪɢ
ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɦɚɝɚ «ȼɨɟɧɬɨɪɝ» [7].
Ɍɚɤɠɟ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɵɫɤɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ
ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ
ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɜɢɛɪɚɰɢɢ, ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɣ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ, ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ.
ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ, ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ, ɩɪɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟ-
ɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɸɳɭɸ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɸ.
ȼ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ:

1. ɉɪɨɯɨɞɤɚ ɤɨɬɥɨɜɚɧɨɜ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-

ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɹ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɪɚɡɭɩɥɨɬɧɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ, ɩɨɜɵɲɚɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ
ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɢɯ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ȿ0 ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɧɢɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɟɦ 1,5
ɪɚɡɚ, ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɢ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɨ-ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɵ-
ɫɤɚɧɢɹɯ ɞɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ;
2. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɚ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɜɵɩɨɥ-
ɧɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜ [4], ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɣ
ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ, ɩɪɢ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ, ɡɚɬɪɭɞɧɟɧɨ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ
ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɗȾɁ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ
ɨɩɟɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨɛ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɮɢɡɢɤɨ-ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɝɪɭɧ-
ɬɨɜ ɛɟɡ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ.
3. ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɨɜ ɨɫɜɨɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɥɨɬ-
ɧɨɣ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɳɚɞɹɳɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɜɟɞɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɡɟɦɥɹɧɵɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɫ ɨɩɟɪɟɠɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ-
ɦɢ, ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ, ɩɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɦ, ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɜ ɡɨɧɭ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ, ɤɚɤ
ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɨ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɪɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɦɚɝɚ «ȼɨɟɧɬɨɪɝ»

Ʌɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ

1. ɆȽɋɇ 2.07-01 Ɉɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɵ ɢ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɟ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ. Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ 2003 ɝ.;

2. Ⱥɧɢɤɢɧ Ɉ.ɉ., Ƚɚɜɪɢɥɨɜ Ⱥ.ɇ., Ƚɪɹɡɧɨɜɚ ȿ.Ɇ. «ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɢ
ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɣ ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ" ɜ ɤɧ. «ɋɨɜɪɟɦɟɧ-
ɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢɧɠɟɧɟɪɧɵɯ ɢɡɵɫɤɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ». Ɇ. ɆȽɋɍ. 2001 ɝ., ɫɬɪ.41-50;
3. Ƚɚɜɪɢɥɨɜ Ⱥ.ɇ., Ƚɪɹɡɧɨɜɚ ȿ.Ɇ., ɋɬɚɪɤɨɜ Ɋ.Ɋ. «ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɝɟɨ-
ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɟ» // «ȿɠɟɦɟɫɹɱɧɵɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɠɭɪɧɚɥ
ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ», ʋ10, 2007 ɝ., ɂɡɞɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ «ɉȽɋ».Ɇ.2007 ɝ.;

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МГСУ

4. «Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɢ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝɭ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɢɪɭɟ-

ɦɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ» Ɇ. «Ɇɨɫɤɨɦɚɪ-
ɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ». 1998, ɫɬɪ.89.
5. ȼ.Ɇ. ɍɥɢɰɤɢɣ, Ⱥ.Ƚ. ɒɚɲɤɢɧ «Ƚɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ»
Ɇ. Ⱥɋȼ. 1999;
6. ɉɨɫɨɛɢɟ ɤ ɆȽɋɇ 2.07-01 Ɉɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɵ ɢ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɟ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ. Ɉɛɫɥɟɞɨ-
ɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɦɨɧɢɬɨɪɢɧɝ ɩɪɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɢ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ. Ɇɨ-
ɫɤɜɚ 2004 ɝ.;
7. A.N.Gavrilov, E.M.Grjaznova, R.R. Starkov, V.V.Tregubov «Control data from designing and
reconstructing buildings in an urban area: the file of Voentorg Central Military Stores», Proceedings of
the 14th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. Volume 3. Madrid
2007.

The literature

1. MGSN 2.07-01. Soil bases, footings and underground structures. Moscow, 2003;
2. O.P. Anikin, A.N.Gavrilov, E.M.Grjaznova. Application of geophysical methods for surveying
buildings and structures within congested urban development. In book “Current site investigation me-
thods in civil engineering”, Moscow, Moscow State Civil Engineering University, 2001, pp. 41-50;
3. A.N.Gavrilov, E.M.Grjaznova, R.R. Starkov. Application of express methods for geotechnical
monitoring. Monthly Journal «Industrial and Civil Construction», No. 10, 2007, PGS Publishers, Mos-
cow, 2007;
4. Recommendations for survey and monitoring of technical condition of existing buildings, lo-
cated near a new construction or reconstruction site. Moscow, «Moskomarchitectura», 1998, p. 89;
5. V.M. Ulitsky, A.G. Shashkin. Geotechnical support of urban redevelopment, Moscow, ACB,
1999;
6. Manual to MGSN 2.07-01. Soil bases, footings and underground structures. Survey and moni-
toring in construction and redevelopment of buildings and underground structures. Moscow, 2004;
7. A.N.Gavrilov, E.M.Grjaznova, R.R. Starkov, V.V.Tregubov «Control data from designing and
reconstructing buildings in an urban area: the file of Voentorg Central Military Stores», Proceedings of
the 14th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. Volume 3. Madrid
2007.

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹ, ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ɝɟɨɮɢɡɢɤɚ, ɝɟɨɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɦɨɧɢ-

ɬɨɪɢɧɝ, ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ, ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ, ɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɹ, ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ.

Keywords: reconstruction, underground building, geophysics, geotechnical monitoring, express me-

thods, technical condition, geology, base of constructions.

ȿ-mai ɚɜɬɨɪɨɜl: centre_mgsu@mail.ru

Ɋɟɰɟɧɡɟɧɬ: ɇɢɤɢɮɨɪɨɜɚ ɇɚɞɟɠɞɚ ɋɟɪɝɟɟɜɧɚ ɞɨɤɬɨɪ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɭɤ, ɫɬɚɪɲɢɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɣ ɫɨ-
ɬɪɭɞɧɢɤ.Ɂɚɦ. ɡɚɜ. ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɢɟɣ ʋ2 ɇɂɂɈɋɉ ɢɦ. ɇ.Ɇ.Ƚɟɪɫɟɜɚɧɨɜɚ ɈȺɈ «ɇɂɐ» ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶ-
ɫɬɜɨ», ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɆȽɋɍ
e-mail: n.s.nikiforova@mail.ru

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