LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE Z, values at level of significance (a) a 1%(.01) 5%(.05) 10% (1) ‘Two -tailed test Z=2.58 Z=1.96. Za=1.645 Right- tailed test Li=2.33 Z.=1.645 Z.=1.28 Left- tailed test Zi=-2.33 Zq=-1.645 \ Zq=-1.28 VEL OF SIGNIFICANCE Z, values at level of significance (a) f 1%(.01) 5%(.05) 10%(.1) Two -tailed test Zi=2.58 Z.=1.96 Z=1.645 Rigitt- tailed test Z=2.33 Z.=1.645 Ze=1.28 Left- tailed test Zq=-2.33 Zq=-1.645 Zy=1.28 LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE Z, values at level of significance (a) : 1%(.01) 5%(.05) 10% (1). Two-tailed test | Z,=2.58 Zo=1.96 Zq=1.645 Right- tailed test Zq=2.33 Ze=1.645 Z=128 |‘As12 mee STATISTICAL TABLES 3, Areas under the Standard Normal Curve from 0 t0 z (Normal Tables) ars fe oo | om on omy 03199 fss7 | 0596 0636 067s 71a ois | 987 102610681103, t781 131 ios 318801517 700 | 36 IT 1881879 poss | oss 2im Us? 2180 | | as | pe. uss iso asi 688 \ yor | 2a “res 2194 2852 | zoe | 3023. 30st” 3078 3133 wot) hase SHS OBES sss | ssn ass¢ 35773599300 | \ ayy | ou 3m am 38103880 3025 9s 3997 ns | 309 | MLS sa) gen a7? | ast | 68 sa ao | 430 06H aan | fs0s | asis ass as a85 | “soi | 4590 “ae 4616 254633, orl | A6TS 46864693 -4gN 4706 Goss | aaa 4750 i738 aTot 767 ama | 79849034808 4812817 Saag | ater Asie 85048844857 aos | ase ase) ees a8aT ‘3903 | 49064909 an) 4913, a6 | so} | 909 ays 952 88486 re ae ee ee ‘os9 | 960 A561 96249634964 asco | a0 aT] 72 a3 TH io | ors p79 479884981 ops | 98h aps 9858854886 a ee ee ee ee Lf ‘ser | ao appz 92 a8 900 ‘ona | ao01 ayaa 99839854995 “os | i005 35954996. 0954057 | ‘sor | 07 a9p7 49978874008 35 : 553 | 4998 a0p3 998 ASS 4988 36 | aos os 490 459999 | 4859994989998 | 37 | 9 4909 too 46994909 | a999 ayo 498949991989 aa | i 1969 i559 49994999 | 49994094999 gtHD 499 39 | S00 sco scr so00 soon | S000 500050005000 5000 |4. te-Critical Values of the Distribution ’ 0.40 0.30 0.20 ous 0.10 10325? 08 2 02806171051 1386 1.886 30am ose 08 1280 4 0am 0569119058 0267 05590920 hs6 a6 6 026 = 05820906 ass a0 7 026 = 059089819 Lals $022 == oste oso 307 9 0261s) 0883 1088 0200s) 087s 322 0200s 0870881363 Ir) 0290s3) OTS 0ms 1356 1B. 029 = 053. 08701350 May 0258 = 0537 O86F 0753s is) 0288 0536085607813 16 0288 oss. 0865 tom 1337 170257, 054 863.069 1.333, 18 0257 Osh 086210671330 190257053381 1.066 1308 200257050860 6k 28 nh m ©0286 0s 08S8 st 23 0286 = 0sO8Ss 108019, m% 026s ORT 10591318 250256. «OSHS L058 36 2% ©0256 = Oss. 7 02586 =o tds? 8 28 0256 = oss tos 2902560530 oss$ 10s. HT 30026. = 008k =n 310 40 05052) 4.050 1.38 6 054 = 0sa7 oss 1286 100254 = 0526 8S 1.0m 1289 0 0.253 0.524 0.842 1.036 1.282te-Critical Values of the Distribution ’ 002 ois 01 0.0075 0.005 0.0025 0.0005 1 15.895 21.205 31,821 42.434 63.657 127322 636.590 2 4849 5.643 6.965 8.073 9.925 14.089 31.593, 3 3.482 3.896 4.541 5.087 S841 7.453 12924 4 2.999 3.298 3.747 4.088 4.604 5.598 8o10 5 2787 3.003 3.365 3.634 4.032 4773 6.869 6 2612 2.829 3.143 3372 3.707 4317 5.959 7 2517 215 2.998 3.203 3.499 4.029 5.408 8 2.449 2.634 2.896 3.085 3.355 3.833 5.041 9 2.398 2574 2821 2.998, 3.280 3.690 4.781 10 2359 2827 2764 2.932 369, 3.581 4.587 i 2328 2491 2718 2.879 3.106 3.497 4437 2 2303 2461 2.681 2.836 3.055 3.428 4318 B 2282 2.436 2.650 2801 3.012 3.372 “ 2264 2415 2624 27 2977 3.326 15 2.249 2.397 2.602 2.746 2947 3.286 4.073 6 2235 2.382 2583 2724 2921 3.252 4.015 0 2.368 2587 2708 2.898 3.222 3.965 18 2214 2356 2552 2.689 2878 3.197 3.922 19 2.205 2246 2530 2.674 2861 3.174 3.883 20 2197 2336 2528 2.661 2.845 3153 3.849 2 2.189 2.328 2518 2.649 2831 3.135 3.819 2 2.183 2320 2.508 2.639 2819 3.119 3.792 a 217 2313 2500 2.629 2.807 3.404 3.768 24 2.172 2307 2492 2.620 2.797 3.091 3.745 25 2.167 2301 2.485 2612 2.787 3.078 3.725 6 2.162 2.296 2479 2.605 2779 3.067 3.707 2 2.158 2291 2473 2.598, 27 3.057 3.690 28 2.154 2.286 2.467 2.592 2763 3.087 3.674 29 2.150 2.282 2.462 2586 2.156 3.038 3.659 30 2487 2278 2457 2.581 2750 3.030) 5.646 40 2125 2250 2423 2542 2.704 2971 3551 60 2.099 2233 2390 2504 2.660 2915 3.460 120 2.076 21196 2.358 2.468, 2617 2.860 3373 ey 2.054 2.170 2.326 2432 2576 2.807 3.2915. x%-Crtica Values of the Chi-squared Distribution » 0995 9.99 098 oss 095 090 080075075 asp 3 004393 003157 0.03628 0.03982 040039300138 00612 oN? ode 0.455 5 patoo 0201 0.0404 0.0505 0.103021 ods Oss OTS 1386 j dovi7 O11s 0185 0216-0352 Osea 10081213 pape 2.366 $ Quy 02970429 odes O71. std tgs ton 238 S 9412 0554 0.752 ORs! 1S 1610243265 UOD 4351 $ 067 08721434 1.237 1.68520 3073455 3.938 5348 3 O98 1239 S64 6902167 2s3 aan ges gas 6346 § is L646 203221802733 3.490 4504 Son ssa 7344 9 3ose 2532-2700 3325468 53808996303 aa 10 2558 3.059 3.247 3.940 4865 617967379367 S47 12 302 3053 3.609 3816 47S 5578 69897584 8.148 10341 Boge 357 47s ase 5.228 63047807 ads 9098 Ia 1s aghs 410747655008 5802 70284349299 99n¢ ED is 4S 4660 5.368 5.629 6571 7.790 9467 Joes Ioan 15 4601 52295985 6.262 7.261 854710307 L086 Ihat 16 Si2 S812 6614 6.908 79629312 sz 11912 2624 ty 37 6a08 72557564 8672 10.085 12002 12992 Last 13 620570157906 8.331930 1086512857 T8675 Lasgo 3 SS 76338567 8.907 10117-65116 dase Isao 20 7434-8260 9.237 959110851 1248314578 S452 Lede 3. BOM 8897 9.915 102831591 13.240 1544516344 17.180 Ro R6G 9542 10.600 1098212338 40H esta 1928 Ie Ian 3h 9260 10196 11.283 11.688 13091 aes 7187 R137 LODet Ze 2886 10856 11.992 1240113848 15.659 18.062 19037 19948 25 10520 11524 12.697 13.120 1461116473 18940 1993920867 36 tte 12.498 13409 13844 15379 17.292 19.820 20843 21,799 22 AOS 12879 4.125 4573161518114 20703 E9979 BH WaGl 1356514847 15.308 16.928 1893921588 29087 oe 3% 13421. 16256 15574 16047 . 17708 19.768 20475 23567 ae 27714953 16.306 1679118493 20599 23361 tare 2s sonx2 Critical Values of the Chi-squared Disti 0.005 P0630 025 020 “010 * 00s = onas 002 oor 0.001 ; 40% 1323 16422708 aga she S412 6635 7879 10827 y 24082733219 460s S01. Fare 7824 9.210 10597 13.815 ; 368 41084692 62517815 Gase 9837 11345 12.838 16.268 $ AS75385 5989 7779 gags 1.668 13.277 14.860 18 465 5 $054 6626 7289 ©9236 L071 RS 13.388 15.086 16.750 20517 $23 78H 8558 oss 12592 ta.ago 15033 16812 I8.s4g 22.457 838390379803 12017 14067 e019 16622 18475 20.278 24.399 $ Bs2 10219 1.030 13362 iss07ISe4e 18.168 20.090 21955 36.195 9 pss 11.389 12242 14.684 e919 as 19.679 21.666 23.589 27.g77 1 WT 12549 1344215987 sacs 3p 483 21.161 209 25.188 29.588 ty 28 13701 146317275 1969594 $20 2618 24725 26.757 34.264 i {20 14.845 15.812 18.540 21038 3yoee 24054 26.217 28.390 32.909 te {S12 15.984 16985 9812 32569 3a 736 25472 27.688 20.819 34.508 te 18222 17.17 18:51 21.064 24685 36.119 26873 29.141 31319 46123 17322 1824 9311 22307 2409638 48828259 30578 32'801 37.697 17 [8418 19369 20465 23.542 26.296 3g 845 29.633 32.000 34.267 39.5 Hy 19511 20.489 21615 24769 987 30.191 30995 33.409 35.718 40.790 1 3061 21.605 22.760 a5980 aeg69 3 326 32346 34805 37156 42.312 19 31882 22718 23900 27204 dosage 33.687 36.191 38582 43.820 2 23828 25038 2841231410 34170 sang 37.566 39.997 45.315 Hos 26171 9615 6M 35.479 36-343 38.932 41.401 46.797 3089-27301 30813 3924 36781 sree 40289 42.796 48.268 jas, 28429 32007 35172 38075 saDeg 41.638 44.181 40.728 sail 28553 3319636418 30361 done 42.980 45.558 51170 2933930675 3438237652 406s aI ee 44314 46.928 52.620 38 9245 30434 31.795 35.563 aesgs 41923 42.856 45.642 48.290 54052 3, 2031931528 32912 ena) GoD (3.194 44.140 46.963 49.645 55.476 3p L391 32.600 34027 Gr916 41337 44461 45419 48.278 50.903 56.393 so 3248) s.71 35439 39087 agg? 722, 46.693 49.588 52336 58.302 3033530 34800 36250 40256 43794 46979 47.962 50.892 53.672 54.7036. Critical Values of the F-Distribution Values of Feast. ¥2) ” 1 6 3 4 3 6 Z a 9 1 Word 1995-2157 «2246-2302 2340 © 2368 238.9 20S 2 1851 1990 19.16 19.25 1930 19.33, 19,35, 19.37 19.38 3 10.13 955 9.28 9.12 9.01 894 889 3.85 881 4 a7 6.94 6.59 639 6.26 6.16 6.09 6.04 6.00 3 6.61 519 5.41 5.19 5.05 4.95 438 4.82 477 6 5.99 5.4 4.16 453 439 4.28 42 45 410 7 3.59 47a 435 42 397 387 3.79 a3 3.68 3 8 5.32 436, 407 384 3.69 3.58 350 3d 3.29 2 Sie: 426 3.86 3.63 3.48 337 3.29 3.23 3.18) 10 4.96 4.10 371 3.48 3.33 3.22 3.14 3.07 3.02 uw 434 3.98 3.59 3.36 3.20 3.01 295 2.90 2 475 3890 3.49 3.26 BIL 291 285 2.80 1B 4.67 381 341 38 3.03 283 am 271 14 4.60 374 334 3. 2.96 2.76 2.10 2.65 15 454 3.68 3.29 3.06 2.90 an 2.64 259 16 449, 3.63 3.24 3.01 285 2.66 24 a 4.45 3.59 3.20 296 281 261 249 18 aat 3.58 316 2.93 277 2.58 5 246 9 438 352 33 2.90 274 254 248 242 20 435 3.49) 3.10 287 2m 281 245 335 2 432 347 3.07 2.68 249, 242 237 x 4.30 aaa 3.05 2.66 246 240 2M 2 4.28 3.42 3.03 2.64 at 237 oa) 3.40 3.01 3 2 SEbR8 B58 ae SIT TO SAL > 196Critical Values of the F-Distribution ‘Values of Feast. ¥2) 1 2 15 20 2 30 0 o 10 5 1 tp R259 2480 9.1 BSD 2ST. 5 25332543, 5 “ios0 1dt 19431945 194519461947 NV4S 19.4919. 3 8 8TH «RTO «86H BOE HZ BSD 8ST BSS 8S $5060 5915860 S80 S77 5.75 SZ 569 $8.66 5.63 5 and) 468 6246S 450 44H 43 AAD 436, 6 406 4003.98 3840381037774 3.0 3.67 7 364 3873.31 3al 338334 330327323 8 338328 3.22 312-308 308301297293 9 3i4 307301 200 «286-283 2792.75 7 1029829) 28S 274 2702.66 262258284 aes) 2792265261257 253 249 245 2.40 22S) 269 62254 ST BAT 243 238M 230 3267260253 246242238 2M 280225221 e260 253 2d 239 235 BN 22722 2823 15 24g 240233229225 2.20, 262A 2.07 16 dpa? 235228 224 DSH 2.06 2.08 245238231 228219 24S D206 2.01 1.96 1 o2at 234227219 2S 206 2029718 19238023228 2G L207 2.0898 19318 20 223 -2202S«22 208204199195 801 2m 23228 8210205. 201.96 92ST LT 2 230 «223 S207 20319819489 RANT 2272023205 2OL 1.96 TBH BE 1.76 ts 2B 2039S 94189 BH THATS 352k 220020) .96 RT BIT AT 2% 22S 20799 9S 190 KS BOTS 1.69 7: 220002320697 93 BB BE ID TB LOT t8O21922 208 HEY DTT TE 1.65 2% 2182102039490 BS TST TS .70 30216 20920) 8D BH TD NTS RP ao 208 200192 T 6D AGE SB ST 199192 T8H TS 701.65 SDSS ATA 100018) 66H SS SO AB BS 15 cS TST S246 DDD 10DCritical Values of the F-Distribution Values of Fyey(. ¥2) L 3 4 5 A . 49985 54035625 S764 3859 S981 9900 99.17 998.25 99.30 99.33.38 99.37 3082-2946 28712824 a67 77.49 1800 1669 15.98, 15.52 1498148086, 271206 1.39", 109T. 1067 ta 10291016 10.92 978 95 875 847 826 8.10 198, 955 845 785 7.46 719 699 684 on 865 759 7.01 663 637 6.18 60. 591 8.02 699 642 6.06 5.30 561 347 535 7.56 655 5.99 5.64 539 5.20 5.06 494 4 965 7. 622 3.67 332 S07 439 474 463 R 933 693 5.95 sal 5.06 4g 4.64 450 439 B 9.07 670 374 521 486 4 444 430 49 4 8.86 631 5.56 5.04 4.69 446 428 4a 4.03 1s 568 636 542 439 456 43 414 400 3.89 16 853 623 529 477 44 420 4.03 3.89) 378 7 340 6 5.18 467 434 4.10 3.93 379 3.68 18 829 oot 5.09 458 4. 4.01 534 371 3.60 19 a8 593 501 450 4.17 394 317 352 20 8:10 585 494 443 410 3.87 3.70 3.56 3.46 a 8.02 578 487 437 408 381 351 3.40 2 7.95 sm 4g? 431 3.99 3.76 3.45 3 7.88 5.66 476-426 3.04 371 3a 3 7.82 561 an 42 3.90) 6 3.3 3 m 557 468 418 3.85 3.63) 346 332 x 26 m7. 533 464 44 a 168 549 46000 alt 2 ed 545 437 407 » 7.60) 5a 454 404 x 156, 539 451 302 40 731 Sas 4s 383 0 1.08 498 43 3.65 120 685 479 3.95 3.48 3 9.63 461 378 32Critical Values of the F-Distribution Values of Foot. ¥3) so » 5 2 4 0 4 6 120 © 1656106 ~CSIST~—~«CDOS=~«NNK=SC*«GT:SCCSBT_—CGBIS GI. 6366 5 p40 99d2 99ds 9945 WG ~9AT.—«- BAT. BAS BHAT 89.50 5 tras 270826872669 26602450 PHAL_ 263226222613 44558371420 193 Bad TS 16S S36 5 1005 9s9 9 our 9 9.299.208 6 78778674 TM 72} TE 70669788 5 ba 67 wl 6167599 SUL SRD STH SS 8 Sor 852536 «S28 «5.20512 S0B 498.86 9 Sir 49648) 473465 4ST 4a8 4d 0 An 456 al 433425417 408 80D 3.81 a 4442540402398 38H 37369 3.60 2 aig dol 385378 3D 362.88 336 B 356 382-366 359 35) 34} an “4 38043650381 3433S 327318 3093.00 5 367 337329 32t 313305296287 16369355 3203830 gor 28) aS 1) 359346 ALG 308 300292283278 26S 1351337323 308300282 28k 27S 2H 2ST 3a) 330315 300-287 ASk 276 = 267258249 % 337323309298 DR] 27869 HL 282 BHP aaa] BIT 303 2B -272 HE 25S 246238 je 326a?=s298283 278 2672582502402 3 gator 293278270262 258A 23826 bya? 308289278 266,258 249 24D BB 22 bs 3329928520262 2SH 24S 23H 227 26 30)2.96 BL 26628820 12233 2B 305 293278263255 24728229 210 os 303290278 2608224235 206 % 300287278287, 24228 203 3029828! 270,285 247239230 2ow 40 280-265-252 23722920 180 @ 26 «© 250235220, 22203188 160 10247 219203195186 1761.86 138 co 3a 22RD 1.00