Art of the Neoclassical and Romantic Periods

Subject : Arts
Grade Level : 9
Quarter : 1

Introduction and Focus Questions

Can you remember the very first artwork that you made? What was it all about?
How does it compare to the ones that you make today? It is understandable that
the more recent ones are more technically advanced, since you have had art
lessons and you have better control of your motor skills. But if you were asked
which one is more beautiful, then that is debatable. This comparison is the same
with art history. Many prehistoric artworks may look crude compared to the other
artworks of today. But it does not lessen their importance or value to humanity.
Art existed as long as human have existed. Human’s early artworks or artifacts
are essential for archeologists to learn more about human history. Although there
are many artworks that have been lost through time, the ones that have survived
still offer insights on the creative process that our ancestors had. This unit focuses
on the earliest examples of art. It touches upon the beginning of Western art
through the discussion of the artworks of the early civilizations such as the
Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans.
Lessons and Coverage
In this module, you will examine these questions when you take the following
lessons:
Lesson 1 - Prehistoric, Mesopotamian, & Egyptian Art
Lesson 2 - Classical Art
Lesson 3 - Medieval Period
Unit 1: Western Classical Art
In this unit, you are expected to do the following:

Code Learning Competencies

A9EL-Ia-2 Identifies distinct characteristics of arts during the different
art periods.
A9EL-Ia-3 Identifies representative artists from various art periods.
 A9PL-Ih-4 Compares the characteristics of artworks produced in the
different art periods.
A9PR-Ic-e-2 Describes the influence of iconic artists belonging to
Western Classical art on the evolution of art forms.
A9EL-Ib-1 Analyzes art elements and principles in the production of
work following the style of a western and classical art.
A9PL-Ih-1 Reflects on and derives the mood, idea, or message from
selected artworks.
A9PL-Ih-2 Discusses the use or function of artworks by evaluating
their utilization and combination of art elements and
principles.
A9PR-If-4 Evaluates works of art in terms of artistic concepts and
ideas using criteria from the Western Classical art
traditions.
A9PL-Ih-3 Uses artworks to derive the traditions/history of an art
period.
A9PR-Ic-e-1 Creates artworks guided by techniques and styles of
Western Classical art traditions.
A9PR-Ic-e-3 Applies different media techniques and processes to
communicate ideas, experiences, and stories showing the
characteristics of Western Classical art traditions.
A9PR-1f-5 Shows the influences of the Western Classical art traditions
to Philippine art form.

Module Map
Here is a simple map of the above lessons that you will cover:

ART

Prehistoric,
Mesopotamian, & Classical Art Medieval Period
Egyptian Art

WESTERN CLASSICAL ART

THROUGH THE EYES OF THE
YOUTH

(SIMULATION)
Pre - Assessment
Let’s find out how much you already know about this module.
Direction: Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. Which of the following is not true about the Egyptian pyramids?
a. It was the tomb of the pharaohs.
b. It was covered with white limestones
c. It is accessible to the pharaoh’s loved ones.
d. It is full of tunnels.
2. Which of the following is NOT true about the Egyptian drawings and
paintings?
a. The important persons are depicted bigger compared to others
b. The body and face are always shown facing forward
c. The drawings always show the whole body.
d. It tells stories about the gods.
3. What is the image below an example of?

a. Catacombs
b. Coat of Arms
c. Mosaic
d. Mural
4. Which of the following is NOT true about Greek art?
a. Greek sculpture is the depiction of the perfect and ideal.
b. Mathematical equations are used in the design of Greek architecture.
c. Greek statues and buildings are often painted white.
d. Greek art was made to inspire its citizens.
5. Which of the following is NOT true about Roman art?
a. Roman art was inspired by Greek art.
b. Roman sculptured portraits were made for remembrance.
c. Roman sculptures had to show the whole body.
d. Roman murals were painted on the walls of private homes.
6. Which of the following is NOT true about the Roman Pantheon?
a. It was made to honor Jupiter.
b. It features a huge dome inside.
c. There is a hole at the center of the dome.
d. It has been in constant use since its construction.
7. In the illustration below, which part of the Roman basilica does “2” indicate?
 a. Transept
b. Nave
c. Apse
d. Aisle
8. What is the Byzantine art characterized by?
a. A mix of European and Asian influences
b. Realistic images
c. Bright pastel colors
d. Dramatic lighting
9. What are the hand-drawn and written books during the medieval period
called?
a. Manuscript illumination
b. Mosaics
c. Coat of Arms
d. Psalter
10. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Gothic architecture?
a. Rounded arches
b. Spires
c. Flying buttresses
d. Gargoyles
11. What is the megalith that is made of stone slabs arranged in a circular
manner called?
a. Sphinx
b. Pyramid
c. Stonehenge
d. Tripod
12. Which early civilization developed the building method of the post and lintel?
a. Greek
b. Roman
c. Egyptian
d. Mesopotamian
13. Which early civilization developed the method of the barrel vault?
a. Greek
b. Roman
c. Egyptian
d. Mesopotamian
14. Which Greek order is seen below?

a. Doric
b. Ionic
c. Corinthian
d. Tuscan
15. Which of the following is NOT true about the Romanesque art?
a. It was influenced by Classical Roman art
b. The colors used were bright and vivid
 c. The paintings looked flat.
d. Romanesque structures had big windows.
16. What is the image below an example of?

a. Psalter
b. Tympanum
c. Oculus
d. Transept
17. Which era is the type of architectural design often associated with?
a. Roman Era
b. Byzantine Era
c. Romanesque Era
d. Gothic Era
18. What do we call these protruding supports that help carry the weight of the
roofs and walls?
a. Barrel Vault
b. Post and lintel
c. Flying Buttress
d. Tympanum
19. In what area in the Roman Colosseum were the bodies of the defeated
gladiators kept?
a. Amphitheater
b. Basilica
c. Spoliarium
d. Pyramid
20. Which art era is often described to have a feeling and characteristics of
“verticality”?
a. Roman era
b. Byzantine era
c. Romanesque era
d. Gothic era
Unit 1: Western Classical Art
Explore
This unit is about understanding of art elements and processes by
synthesizing and applying prior knowledge and skills. Furthermore, this topic
tackles Western Classical Art which allow learners to discover pedagogical
variety of artworks which will enhance learners’ skill for crafting modern
innovations thereafter, learners can recognize the vitality of art to express human
emotions, outward expressions and self-interaction.
In this module you will learn that:
Even before humans learned to read and write they were already artists as
manifested by the different archeological discoveries from the different parts of the
world. Each and every civilization of the world has its distinct art forms depending
on its aesthetic and utilitarian needs. Pre-historic art is classified into three periods
such as; Paleolithic (Old Stone Age), Mesolithic (Middle Stone Age), and Neolithic
(New Stone Age) Eras. Egyptian civilization was one of the early civilizations that
have greatly contributed in the development of art, religion, science, and
technology of the world. Egyptian art is primarily religious in nature.
Ancient Greek art depicts naturalism. They portray human forms in a realistic
and anatomically correct manner. Their art has a conservative form with a very
complex detail. Roman art developed as a new source of artistic creativity much
more progressive than the conservative Greek art. The diversity of its form and its
variety inspired the modern attitude in art.
Byzantine art was purposely made to glorify the Christian religion and to express
its mystery. It is filled with spiritual symbolism, illustrates a love of splendor. It was
a combination of Eastern (decorative art forms) and classical Western art
(naturalistic art). Romanesque art was characterized by its very vigorous style in
painting and sculpture, lavishly decorated manuscripts, and retained many basic
features of Roman architectural styles. It was also greatly influenced by Byzantine
art with a highly innovative and coherent style.
The basic characteristics of Gothic art styles reinforce symbolic meanings. The
church symbolizes the transcendence of the soul, and the underlying philosophy
is to create buildings of height and light.
Different eras different styles, different characteristics and functions of the arts
occurred but all of those contributed in the development and establishing the
importance of arts in our lives today.
Activity 1: KWL CHART
Instruction: Now, before you proceed, browse through topics included in the two
lessons (Western Classical Art) of this chapter. In the first box below, write what
you know about any of these topics. Then, write in the second box what you are
interested to know or learn about it. Leave the last box for you to fill out at the end
of the chapter.

KWL

What I Know What I Want to What I Learned

Know

TOPIC: Western Classical Art

Question to Answer
• How did artists from western classical art produce artworks?

Transition Statement:
“Let’s learn more about Western Classical Art, open your textbooks to page 127-
and read until page 175. Let us check and see if you can identify the particular
artwork.”
Firm-Up
Your goal in this section is to learn and understand Western Classical Art.
The learning competencies you are to master are listed in the checklist below.
Monitor your achievement in these competencies.
Learning Competencies
1. Identifies distinct characteristics of arts during the different
art periods.
2. Identifies representative artists from various art periods.

3. Compares the characteristics of artworks produced in the

different art periods.
4. Describes the influence of iconic artists belonging to Western
Classical art on the evolution of art forms.
Activity 2: Sorting and Classifying Activity
Instructions: To know how much you have learned form the discussion about the
paintings of the Early Age, fill in the box with the characteristics and functions that
would best describe the painting in every period/era.
Click the link given and answer the following activity below, select the
corresponding art given in a box and write it to the period where it belongs.
 Process Questions:
1. What are the differences of the three eras?

2. What particular era that has unique characteristics from the other eras?
Activity 3: Classifying
Instructions: Read the following links given, thereafter, identify the characteristics
and function of the artworks from the different artists.
Early Age Art Forms Philippine Art Forms

Tutankhamen’s inner coffin from the tomb of Manungul Jar,

Tutankhamen, Valley of the Kings 895-775 BC
Dynasty 18, 1336/5-1327 BCE. Manunggul Cave, Lipuun Pt., Palawan
Gold inlaid with glass and semi-precious stones, Secondary burial jar
Height 6’n7/8” (1.85m)
Egyptian Museum, Cairo

Characteristics:

Function:

Early Age Art Forms Philippine Art Forms

 Bul- ol
Igorot’s carved wood idol used to guard their crops
Venus of willendorf , Austria c,
22,000 -21,000 BCE limestone
height 4 ¾” (11cm) Naturhistorishes
Museum, Vienna Austria

Characteristics:

Function:

Early Age Art Forms Philippine Art Forms

 Gothic architectural style and being divided into Pampanga’s Capiz lantern
segments by stone mullions and tracery.

Characteristics:

Functions:

Process Questions:
• What were the differences of early age art forms to Philippine art forms?
• What were the lessons you’ve gained from the topic?
• How essential is art to one’s life?
Activity 3: Comparison Table
Instructions: Choose two sculptures from the different era. Compare and contrast
the two using the following indicators:
1. Name of Sculpture
2. Period, and era when it
was created
3. Materials used
4. The use of elements of arts
in the sculpture (lines, shape,
color, texture).
5. The distinctive
characteristic of the
sculpture.

Process Questions:
1. What are the similarities that you’ve notice from the different art works?
2. What were the common characteristics you have deciphered from the
different artworks of the distinct periods?
3. What about Western and Classical Art that caught your attention? Why?

Activity 5: Timeline Photo

Instructions: From the choices below, write the letters corresponding to the
pictures on the Eras where they should belong.
Self-assessment:
Instructions: Let’s evaluate your extent and level of understanding of the topic as
well as your internalization and formation of skills and values.
Process Questions:
• What particular art period that inspires to craft an artwork?
• How do you find art?

Quiz 1:
Identification
I. Identify what art period was being described.
1. Their paintings were found inside the caves.
2. The emphasis of their arts depicts the importance of life after death.
3. Their sculptures shows perfect human anatomy and proportions.
4. They developed a form of architecture based on Megaliths.
5. Temples were designed in one of the three architectural style or orders
6. In this period emperors erected a huge halls and arenas for public games, baths and
procession
7. Their architectural design in this era depicts pointed arch, high ceiling vaults and
stone vaulting borne.
8. The Court of Empress Theodora, mosaic is an example of artwork from this period.
9. Venus of Willendorf and Venus of Brassempouy is a sculpture that exist from this Era.
10. The Last Judgment,Tymapnum of the west portal, Cathedral of Saint-Lazare is an
example of sculpture from what era?
Quiz 2:
Matching Type: Match column A with column B.

Quiz 3:
Comparative Analysis in relation to Activity 3:
Reflection Questions:

1. Were you able to point out the incongruity of the different periods?
2. What were the elements that made every periods’ disparity?

Quiz 4:
Multiple Choice:
Instructions: Encircle the letter of the best answer from the given choices.
1. It is method of painting water-based pigments on a freshly applied plaster
usually on a wall surface.
a. Encaustic b. Fresco c. Acrylic d. Tropme-l’-oeil
2. It is a method of applying pigments mixed with beeswax and fixed with heat
after its application
a. Encaustic b. Fresco c. Acrylic d. Tropme-l’-oeil
3. An art process where you create an image using an assemblage of small
pieces of colored glass, stones, or other materials
a. Stained glass b. collage c. mosaics d. Tropme-l’-oeil
4. A stone coffin, often inscribed or decorated with sculpture
a. Tomb b. megaliths c. pyramid d. sarcophagus
5. It is a colored glass used to form decorative or pictorial designs
a. Encaustic b. mosaics c. stained glass d. collage
Transition Statement:
” Eventually the early men became less nomadic and made more permanent
settlements. They became more organized; their numbers grew and became
civilizations. There were four early civilizations that developed. Let’s dig deeper
for a better understanding of the two periods.”

Deepen
Your goal in this section is to develop a deeper understanding of Western
Classical Art. The learning competencies you are to master are listed in the
checklist below. Monitor your achievement in these competencies.
Learning Competencies
1. Analyzes art elements and principles in the
production of work following the style of a western and
classical art.
2. Reflectson and derives the mood, idea, or message
from selected artworks.
3. Discusses the use or function of artworks by
evaluating their utilization and combination of art
elements and principles.
4. Evaluates works of art in terms of artistic concepts
and ideas using criteria from the Western Classical art
traditions.

Activity 6:
(Analysis)
Instructions: Analyze the given activity in every table, provided with you a link
which could be your basis for a synthesis/essay writing.
GUIDED GENERALIZATION TABLE

Essential Video Picture Picture 3

Question
Elements and Principles Cave of Lascaux Historical Analysis
of Art
https://en.wikipedia. https://www.khanacade
org/wiki/Lascaux my.org/humanities/ap-
art-history/start-here-
apah/intro-art-history-
 apah/a/introduction-to-
art-historical-analysis

(40) ELEMENTS AND

PRINCIPLES OF ART IN
WESTERN AND CLASSICAL -
YouTube, (40) Grade 9 Arts:
Elements & Principles of
Arts in Western & Classical
Period (DepEd Module Base)
- YouTube

• How Answer: Answer: Answer:

did
West
ern
and
Classi
cal
Art
produ
ce
artwor
ks?

Supporting Texts: Supporting Text:

Supporting Text:

Reason: Reason: Reason:

Common Ideas in Reasons: Synthesis/Paragraph Writing

Enduring Understanding/Generalization:

C-E-R Questions:
1. What could be the reason of art historians to relate their artworks from
previous events?
2. How did artists craft artwork through history using elements and principles
of art?
3. EQ: How did Western and Classical Art produce artworks?
Video 1:

Link: (40) ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF ART IN WESTERN AND CLASSICAL - YouTube, (40) Grade 9 Arts:
Elements & Principles of Arts in Western & Classical Period (DepEd Module Base) - YouTube

Picture :

Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lascaux

Historical Analysis:

Link: https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/start-here-apah/intro-art-history-
apah/a/introduction-to-art-historical-analysis

Holistic Rubric for Guided Generalization:

4 In addition to Level 3 response, student’s answer shows in- depth inference that
go beyond class discussion of the Enduring Understanding (EU) and other compelling
evidences related to the text.
3 Explanation shows no major errors or omission regarding the Enduring Understanding
(EU). Justification shows logical reasoning with appropriate text citation.
2 Explanation contains major errors or omission regarding the Enduring Understanding (EU).
Justification shows logical reasoning but text citation is not relevant.
1 Explanation has no major reference to the Enduring Understanding (EU). Justification is
either incomplete, missing or lacks support of evidence.
0 No explanation or justification was found in the answer.

Transition Statement:
“Let’s proceed to crafting an artwork in relation to bearing the theme “Western
Classical Art through the Eyes of the Youth”. Let us know how much you have
learned knowledgeably and skillfully.”
 Transfer

Activity 7: Picture Journal

Instruction: Craft a picture journal that displays varied artworks from distinct art
periods. Paste it in a 1/8 illustration board.

Activity 8: Pottery
Instruction: Illustrate a Greek and Roman Pottery in a short bond paper. Follow
the format given below.

0.5 inch
Name: Date:

Year and Section: Score:

0.5 inch “Title” 0.5 inch
0.5 inch
0.5 inch 0.5
inch

0.5 inch

Activity 9: Coat of Arms

Instruction: Make your own version of Coat of Arms depicting Western Classical
art traditions.

Activity 10: Poster Making

Instruction: Create a poster that displays the diverse Philippine art forms which
bear the style and rhythm of Western Classical Arts.

Activity 11: Simulation

Instruction: Simulate a news report wherein the crafted artworks from the different
eras would be showcased. You will present it through a video and introduce the
following information of artworks: Title, Artist, Medium Used, Art era that inspired
it, and inspiration of the artwork crafted. Your work will be assessed through a
rubric.
 Analytic Rubric

In this section, your task was to appreciate and learn from the distinct eras
of art which deals a different variety of art techniques most especially forming
arts through utilization of the histories which will be of use for future reference
and be a virtuoso when it comes to crafting specifically using the techniques
and styles of Western Classical Art.
How did you find the previous activity?
How did the task help you see the real-world use of the topic?
You have completed this lesson. Now, I assume that you have understood
all the topics deliberated. May I valuate if you have learnt so much from the
lesson; answer the ff. post assessment below.
Post Assessment:

Direction: Encircle the letter of the best answer.

1. Which of the following is not true about the Egyptian pyramids?
a. It was the tomb of the pharaohs.
b. It was covered with white limestones
c. It is accessible to the pharaoh’s loved ones.
d. It is full of tunnels.
2. Which of the following is NOT true about the Egyptian drawings and
paintings?
a. The important persons are depicted bigger compared to others
b. The body and face are always shown facing forward
c. The drawings always show the whole body.
d. It tells stories about the gods.
3. What is the image below an example of?
 a. Catacombs
b. Coat of Arms
c. Mosaic
d. Mural
4. Which of the following is NOT true about Greek art?
a. Greek sculpture is the depiction of the perfect and ideal.
b. Mathematical equations are used in the design of Greek architecture.
c. Greek statues and buildings are often painted white.
d. Greek art was made to inspire its citizens.
5. Which of the following is NOT true about Roman art?
a. Roman art was inspired by Greek art.
b. Roman sculptured portraits were made for remembrance.
c. Roman sculptures had to show the whole body.
d. Roman murals were painted on the walls of private homes.
6. Which of the following is NOT true about the Roman Pantheon?
a. It was made to honor Jupiter.
b. It features a huge dome inside.
c. There is a hole at the center of the dome.
d. It has been in constant use since its construction.
7. In the illustration below, which part of the Roman basilica does “2” indicate?

a. Transept
b. Nave
c. Apse
d. Aisle
8. What is the Byzantine art characterized by?
a. A mix of European and Asian influences
b. Realistic images
c. Bright pastel colors
d. Dramatic lighting
9. What are the hand-drawn and written books during the medieval period
called?
a. Manuscript illumination
b. Mosaics
c. Coat of Arms
d. Psalter
10. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Gothic architecture?
 a. Rounded arches
b. Spires
c. Flying buttresses
d. Gargoyles
11. What is the megalith that is made of stone slabs arranged in a circular
manner called?
a. Sphinx
b. Pyramid
c. Stonehenge
d. Tripod
12. Which early civilization developed the building method of the post and lintel?
a. Greek
b. Roman
c. Egyptian
d. Mesopotamian
13. Which early civilization developed the method of the barrel vault?
a. Greek
b. Roman
c. Egyptian
d. Mesopotamian
14. Which Greek order is seen below?

a. Doric
b. Ionic
c. Corinthian
d. Tuscan
15. Which of the following is NOT true about the Romanesque art?
a. It was influenced by Classical Roman art
b. The colors used were bright and vivid
c. The paintings looked flat.
d. Romanesque structures had big windows.
16. What is the image below an example of?

a. Psalter
b. Tympanum
c. Oculus
d. Transept
17. Which era is the type of architectural design often associated with?
a. Roman Era
b. Byzantine Era
 c. Romanesque Era
d. Gothic Era
18. What do we call these protruding supports that help carry the weight of the
roofs and walls?
a. Barrel Vault
b. Post and lintel
c. Flying Buttress
d. Tympanum
19. In what area in the Roman Colosseum were the bodies of the defeated
gladiators kept?
a. Amphitheater
b. Basilica
c. Spoliarium
d. Pyramid
20. Which art era is often described to have a feeling and characteristics of
“verticality”?
a. Roman era
b. Byzantine era
c. Romanesque era
d. Gothic era
Glossary of Terms
Ancient – dating from remote period; of great age; very old
Aristocratic – a member of a ruling class or of the nobility
Corinthian- elegantly or elaborately ornate
Dolmens- consisting of two or more large, upright stones set with a space
between and capped by a horizontal stone.
Doric- one of the five classical orders of architecture, typically characterized by a
flute column having as a capital convex circular molding supporting a square
slab or abacus
Elaborated- intricate and rich in details ARTS
Encaustic- a paint consist of pigment mixed with beeswax and fixed with heat
after its application
Era- a period of time as reckoned from a specific date serving as the basis of its
chronological system.
Fresco- a technique of painting on a wall using a moist plaster surface with
colors ground up in water or a limewater mixture.
Hellenistic – relating to or a characteristic of the classical Greek Civilization
from the death of Alexander the Great to the accession of Augustus
Hieroglyphics- a system of writing using picture symbols used in ancient Egypt.
Ionic- one of the five classical orders of architecture, characterized by fluted
columns and capitals with scroll- like ornaments
Mastaba- an ancient Egyptian tomb with a rectangular base, sloping sides and
flat roofs.
Medieval – relating to middle ages
Megaliths- a very large stones used in the pre historic architectures
Menhir- an upright monumental stone, standing by itself or in a group
Mille fleur- literally means thousand flowers
Mosaics- a design or decoration made up of small pieces of colored glass,
stone etc.
Mythological figures- creatures, Gods and animals in the Mythology
Naturalism- factual or realistic representation
Outline- a line by which a figure or object is defined or bounded
Pigments- a substance used in coloring,
Pillars- a slender, freestanding, vertical support; a column
Portraits- a painting, drawing, sculpture, photography, or other likeness of an
individual especially the face.
Pyramids- a massive monument of an Ancient Egypt having a rectangular base
and four triangular faces culminating in a singular apex, built over around a crypt
or tomb.
Realistic- relating to representation of objects, action, or social as they actually
are
Sarcophagus – a stone coffin, often inscribed or decorated with sculpture
Scarab- sacred beetle
Sophisticated- complex and intricate
Stained glass- colored glass used to form decorative or pictorial designs
Stonehenge – an ancient megalithic monument in Southern England; probably
used in a ritual
Symbolism- use symbols to represent ideas or qualities
Taolmaen – stone tables
Terracotta- a type of fired clay, typically of brownish red color and unglazed,
used an ornamental building material and in modeling.
Tomb- a large vault used for burying the dead.
Triliths- Greek word meaning three stones
Tropme-l’-oeil – a style of painting in which things are painted in a way that makes
them look like real objects
Vaults- a roof in the form of an arch or a series of arches
References Used in the Lesson
Books
Hamlyn, Paul, (1961), Treasures of the World, Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd.,
Hamlyn House, the Center, Feltham, Middlesex London , New York, Sydney,
Toronto, arrangement with Golden Pleasures Books Ltd
Rene Huyghe, (1963), Art and Mankind, Larousse Encyclopedia of Byzantine
And Medieval Art, The Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd., Hamlyn House, The
Center, Feltham, Middlesex
Websites
http://historyofrchitecture.blogspot.com/2010/12/prehistorian-architecture.html
http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/01/17/bf/d9/carnac.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pompejanischer_Maler_um_10_20_001.jpg
http://www.colosseum.net/images/colosseum-entrance.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-
_Dtc5CI79X0/TeWfaHDFuvI/AAAAAAAAABc/DsPQoXoYHQQ/s320/Hagia+Sop
hia+Exterior.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barberini_Ivory
http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/01/17/bf/d9/carnac.jpg
http://images.search.yahoo.com/images/view;_ylt=A2KJkezWolRS90YAGIKJzbk
F;_ylu=X3oDMTFxa29hNzk3BHNlYwNzcgRzbGsDaW1nBG9pZAMzZTVkMGQ3
N2M5OGFjn
http://www.timeforlearning.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Stonehenge2.
Prepared by: Checked by:
:

AILEEN A. MAPUTE KATHERINE P. GALUPO

Subject Teacher Subject Area Coordinator

Noted By:

RANEBIE B. INOJALES

Academic Coordinator

Approved By:

MERIAM K. TUTOR

School Principal