ASSAINMENT

ON
“A STUDY ON THE LIVELIHOOD OF THE COASTAL AREA OF CAMBODIA: UNDERSTANDING THE
CONSEQUENCE OF SAND LIFTING FROM THE RIVERS OF KOH KONG PROVINCE”

COURSE TITLE: SOURCING AND PROCUREMENT

COURSE CODE: PSM-501

MASTER’S IN PROCUREMENT & SUPPLY MANAGEMENT (MPSM)

Submitted To:
Shish Haider Chowdhury
BRAC Institute of Governance and Development (BIGD)
BRAC UNIVERSITY

Submitted by:
Md. Arafat Hossain
MPSM ID#21382041
BRAC UNIVERSIT
Ground of study:

The Dirty Business of Sand –Sand Dredging in Cambodia, Sand lifting from the rivers of koh kong
province at Cambodia herein two party are directly involved with illegal business transection and
one of independent party who has explore the illegal business transaction as follows.
(1). Cambodian Government
(2). Singapore Government
(3). Global Witness (An Individual International NGO, Based in London).
In this case studies an International NGO (Global Witness) tried to explore illegal business
consequence (Shifting Sand) between Singapore and Cambodian government, through this
business transection they didn't care about rich marine life and destroyed the livelihood of the
poor fishermen and villages who relied on Koh Kong River but the both country’s Government
rejected the allegation and says they had made contract for Shifting Shad based on couple of
Survey and feasibility study about environmental instability and how much devastated will be
happens for dredged sand from river.

History of Related Party:

1st Party: Cambodian Government:
Cambodia was a country rich in natural resource but after its independence in 1953 due to
political instability and large number of people lived in poverty, after election in 1998
government to pursue economic development and to pull out Cambodians out of poverty, so
that they have decided to sales of natural resources to develop and raise income but Cambodia
facing the parabox of the poverty due to instability of the commodity market, decline
competitiveness in new sector for the lack of enough investment, lack of good governance and
corruption that the all had greater for income disparity compared which were resource poor.
2nd Party: Singapore:
Singapore is a sovereign island city-state in maritime Southeast Asia as well as economically
developed from than Cambodia, Singapore want to developed there Jurong town for that
ministry of national development decide to import reclamation sand from good sources to
considering exporting countries adverse impact to the environment and after gating satisfactory
report from concern authority they made Business deal with Cambodian local exporter to supply
sand.
Independent Party: The NOG (Global Witness):
Global Witness is an international NGO based in London, they are doing investigating individually
for “Shifting Sand” business transection actually that the NOG has couple of investigation
experience in Cambodia regarding some sensitive issues, they had worked in Cambodia in 1995
and that the investigations had uncovered the practices of illegal trade of Timber between the
regime and Thailand, again in 1999 they are appointed to be an independent monitor in
Cambodia by the consultative group of the “Forest Crime Monitoring and Reporting Project” in
2007 the again publish another investigation report call as “Cambodia’s Family Trees” in early
2009 Global Wetness published another investigation report “Country for Sales” and lastly in 19th
May 2010 they had published their investigation report “Shifting Sand” that all report has
published against Cambodian government activities but the government usually rejected all
allegations.

Consequence of Case Study:

(A).
In terms of Cambodian government, as we know that Cambodia is economically & politically
unusable country and the government power own by Government relative, so that type of illegal
business transaction is very much common. To overcome from this situation Government need
to empower individually and build trusted relationship with concern stakeholder and ensure
stakeholders right.
(B).
In terms of Singapore Government, Singapore is well established economically & politically sound
developed country, they should more careful about feasibility study against presented report by
concern department while they had business deal with local send exporter of Cambodia, if it
didn't think that the Shifting Sand deal only not for business it also a part of sustainable
development, the allegation do not came in to front.
(C).
In terms of Global Witness (NGO), bravely explore the illegal business transaction but they
missed to connect related stakeholder like international regulatory body, Both Countries Public,
International Journal, International Donors who has assets to Cambodian Government, it if the
report noticed to the mentioned concern, than the both party come back form that type illegal
business transaction.