SHS

BASIC CALCULUS
QUARTER 3, WEEK 6 Module 6
Illustrating Extreme Value Theorem
and Solving optimization problems
Basic Calculus

Grade 11 QUARTER 3, WEEK 6 Module 6

Illustrating Extreme Value Theorem and Solving optimization problems

First Edition, 2021

Copyright © 2021

La Union Schools Division

Region I

All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without
written permission from the copyright owners.

Development Team of the Module

Author: Nelson Laconsay, MT I

Editor: SDO La Union, Learning Resource Quality Assurance Team

Illustrator: Ernesto F. Ramos Jr., P II

Management Team:

Atty. Donato D. Balderas, Jr.

Schools Division Superintendent

Vivian Luz S. Pagatpatan, PhD

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

German E. Flora, PhD, CID Chief

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Erlinda M. Dela Peña, EdD, EPS in Charge of Mathematics

Michael Jason D. Morales, PDO II

Claire P. Toluyen, Librarian II

 Target

One common application of calculus is to calculate the minimum or

maximum value of a function. For example, companies often want to minimize
production costs or maximum revenue. In manufacturing, companies opt to
minimize the amount of material used to package a product with a certain volume.

In your previous lesson, you have built your understanding on how to relate
the derivative of a function to the slope of the tangent line, determined the
relationship between differentiability and continuity of a function, and applied the
differentiation rules in computing the derivative of an algebraic, exponential,
logarithmic, trigonometric functions, and inverse trigonometric functions.

This module will provide you with information and activities that will help
you understand the Extreme Value Theorem and how to solve optimization
problems.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Illustrate the Extreme Value Theorem; and
2. Solve optimization problems that yield polynomial functions.

Before going on, check how much you know about this topic. Answer the
pretest on the next page in a separate sheet of paper.

Pre-test
Directions: Read the statements carefully. Select the letter of your answer.
Write you answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which best describes polynomial functions?

A. Asymptotic B. Continuous C. Infinite D. Periodic
2. Which denotes closed interval?
A. (a,b) B. (a, b] C. [a, b] D. [a, b)
For numbers 3 and 4, study the graph at the right:

3. At what value of x is f maximum?

A. c B. e
C. g D. i

4. At what value of x is f minimum?

A. A B. d
C. h D. b
 5. Which of the following gives the absolute maximum and absolute minimum
of the function 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 4 on the interval [0, 2]?
A. Absolute minimum: (1, -6) C. Absolute minima: (0, -4), (2, -4)
Absolute maxima: (0, -4), (2, -4) Absolute maximum: (1, -6)
B. Absolute minimum: (1, -6) D. No absolute minima
No absolute maxima No absolute maxima

6. Which of the following gives the absolute maximum and absolute minimum
of the function 𝑦 = −𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 4 on the interval [−1, 2]?
A. Absolute minimum: (0, -4) C. Absolute minimum: (0, -6)
Absolute maxima: (-1, 0), (2, 0) Absolute maximum: (2, 6)
B. Absolute minimum: (-1, -3) D. Absolute minimum: (1, -6)
Absolute maximum: (1, 6) Absolute maximum: (2, 8)

7. What critical point of the function y=𝑥 3 − 12𝑥 + 3 should be included on the
interval [−1, 5]?
A. x = - 2 B. x =1 C. x = 2 D. x = 6
For numbers 8 to 11: We have a piece of cardoard that is 14 inches by 10 inches.
We will cut out the corners and fold up the sides to form a box. Determine the
height of the box that will give a maximum volume.
8. Which of the following illustrates the volume of the box?
A. 𝑉(ℎ) = ℎ(14 − ℎ)(10 − ℎ) C. 𝑉(ℎ) = ℎ(14 − 2ℎ)(10 − 2ℎ)
B. 𝑉(ℎ) = ℎ(14 + ℎ)(10 + ℎ) D. 𝑉(ℎ) = ℎ(14 + 2ℎ)(10 − 2ℎ)
9. What is the first derivative of V(h)?
A. 𝑉′(ℎ) = 140 − 24ℎ + 3ℎ2 c. 𝑉′(ℎ) = 140 − 30ℎ + 4ℎ2
B. 𝑉′(ℎ) = 140 − 96ℎ + 12ℎ 2 d. 𝑉′(ℎ) = 140 − 110ℎ + 18ℎ2
10. Which could be the height of the box?
A. 1.5488 in B. 1.7632 in C. 1.8218 in D. 1.9183 in
11. What could be the maximum volume of the formed box?
A. 120.164 in3 B. 119.571 in3 C. 119.548 in3 D. 116.551 in3

For numbers 12 to 15: A lot owner plans to enclose his rectangular field with a
fence. He has 500 feet of fencing material and a building is on one side of the field
which doesn’t need any fencing. Determine the dimensions of the field that will
enclose the largest area.
12. Which gives the perimeter equation of the above problem?
A. 500 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 C. 500 = 2𝑥 + 2𝑦
B. 500 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 D. 500 = 2𝑥 + 3𝑦
13. Using 𝑥 = 500 − 2𝑦, what is the area function in terms of y?
A. 𝐴(𝑦) = 500 − 2𝑦 2 C. 𝐴(𝑦) = 500𝑦 − 4𝑦 2
B. 𝐴(𝑦) = 500𝑦 − 2𝑦 2 D. 𝐴(𝑦) = 500𝑦 − 𝑦 2
14. What is the critical point?
A. 62.5 B. 125 C. 150 D. 225
15. What dimensions of the field will give the largest area?
A. 450 x 50 B. 375 x 62.5 C. 250 x 125 D. 200 x 150
 Module Illustrating the Extreme Value Theorem

6 and Solving Optimization Problems that

Yield Polynomial Functions
In most reality shows on television, we have seen the “extreme” of different
situations explored and exploited by the actors as an avenue of entertainment. This
makes sense, since “extreme” suggests the most of something or the least of
something. Similarly, mathematically speaking, extreme indicates the greatest
value or the least value on some interval.

Meanwhile, optimization recommends to identify the maximum or minimum

way to finish a task. It indicates the action of making the most effective use of a
certain situation or available resources.

In the previous modules, you have learned on how to relate the derivative of
a function to the slope of the tangent line, determined the relationship between
differentiability and continuity of a function, and applied the differentiation rules in
computing the derivative of an algebraic, exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric
functions, and inverse trigonometric functions.

In this module you will learn how to illustrate the Extreme Value Theorem
and how to solve optimization problems that yield polynomial functions.

Jumpstart

For you to understand the lesson well, do the following activities.

Have fun and good luck!

Activity 1: Master, Review Me!

Directions: Perform the following problems. Write your solutions on the
space provided.
1.1 Evaluate. Given 𝑓(𝑥 ) = −𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 5, find the function value when
a. 𝑥 = 4 b. 𝑥 = −2

1.2 Find the Roots. Solve the values of x for the equation 3𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 − 20 = 0.

1.3 Power Rule for Derivatives. Use the power rule to find the derivative of the
following functions:
a. 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 4 + 7𝑥 3 − 21𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 7 b. 𝑔(𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 3 − 9𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 2
1.4 Find the Critical Numbers. Recall that a critical number of a function is a
value of c such that 𝑓 ′ (𝑐 ) = 0 or 𝑓 ′(𝑐 ) 𝐷𝑁𝐸 (does not exist). Find the critical
numbers of the function below:
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 3 − 6𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 + 51

Step 1: Find the derivative of f(x).

Step 2: Let f ‘(x) be equal to 0.

Step 3: Solve for the value/s of x.

Discover

Lesson 1: Illustrating the Extreme Value Theorem

Extreme Value Theorem: If f is continuous on a closed interval and bounded

interval [a, b], then the extreme values (maximum and minimum) of f always exist,
and occur either at the endpoints or at the critical points of f

The Extreme Value Theorem states the existence of absolute extrema on closed
intervals. The candidates for absolute extrema are the endpoints of the closed
interval [a, b] and the critical numbers of the function that lie in the given closed
interval.

Consider the graph of a function on a closed interval [a, b]:

For this function, the absolute

maximum occurs at the endpoint,
𝑥 = 𝑎, on the closed interval. This
means the absolute maximum value
is f(a).

Meanwhile, notice that the absolute

minimum occurs at the critical
number 𝑥 = 𝑐 in the interior of the
closed interval [a, b]. This means
the absolute minimum value is f(c).
Be guided by the definition of absolute maximum (or minimum) below:

1. f(x) has an absolute maximum at 𝑥 = 𝑐 if 𝑓(𝑥) ≤ 𝑓(𝑐) for every x in the

domain we are working on.
2. f(x) has an absolute minimum at 𝑥 = 𝑐 if 𝑓(𝑥) ≥ 𝑓(𝑐) for every x in the
domain we are working on.

The definition above only implies that an absolute maximum (or minimum) at 𝑥 = 𝑐
provided 𝑓(𝑐) is the largest (or smallest) value that the function will ever take on the
range of x’s in the given interval.

Let us consider another graph to better understand the definition above.

For the function shown in this graph, the absolute maximum is at 𝑥 = 𝑑 and the
absolute minimum is at 𝑥 = 𝑎 since these two points are the largest and smallest
that the function can get from the closed interval [a, e]. In addition, notice that the
absolute extrema for a function can occur at either the endpoints of the domain or
at critical points.

Steps in Finding Absolute Extrema of f(x) on [a, b]

1. Verify that the function is continuous on the interval [a, b].

2. Find all critical points of f(x) that are in the interval [a, b].
3. Evaluate the function at the critical points in step 2 and the endpoints.
4. Identify the absolute extrema.
Example 1: Determine the absolute extrema of the function
𝑓 (𝑥) = 2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 4 on [−4, 2].
Step 1: f(x) is a polynomial function, so it is continuous everywhere. This means
that f(x) is continuous on the given interval.
Step 2: To find the critical points of the function, get the derivative using the Power
Rule.
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 6𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 12 = 6(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 1)
Let 𝑓′(𝑥)=0. Thus, it has two critical points, 𝑥 = −2 and 𝑥 = 1. Both points fall in the
interval [-4, 2] which means 𝑥 = −2 and 𝑥 = 1 are candidates for the absolute
extrema aside from endpoints.
Step 3: Evaluate the function at the critical points and the endpoints of the
interval.

𝑓(−2) = 2(−2)3 + 3(−2)2 − 12(−2) + 4 𝑓(1) = 2(1)3 + 3(1)2 − 12(1) + 4

𝒇(−𝟐) = 𝟐𝟒 𝒇(𝟏) = −𝟑
𝑓(−4) = 2(−4)3 + 3(−4)2 − 12(−4) + 4 𝑓(2) = 2(2)3 + 3(2)2 − 12(2) + 4
𝒇(−𝟒) = −𝟐𝟖 𝒇(𝟐) = 𝟖

Step 4: The absolute maximum of f(x) is 24 which occurs at 𝑥 = −2 (a critical point)

and the absolute minimum is −28 which occurs at 𝑥 = −4 (an endpoint).

Example 2: Determine the absolute extrema of the function

𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 12𝑥 on [0, 4].
Step 1: f(x) is a polynomial function, so it is continuous everywhere. This means
that f(x) is continuous on the given interval.
Step 2: To find the critical points of the function, get the derivative using the Power
Rule.
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 12 = 3(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 2)
Let 𝑓′(𝑥)=0. Thus, it has two critical points, 𝑥 = −2 and 𝑥 = 2. However, 𝑥 = −2 does
not lie in the closed interval [0, 4] which means only 𝑥 = 2 is considered a candidate
for the absolute extrema aside from endpoints.
Step 3: Evaluate the function at the critical point and the endpoints of the interval.

𝑓(0) = (0)3 − 12(0) 𝑓(2) = (2)3 − 12(2) 𝑓(4) = (4)3 − 12(4)

𝒇(𝟎) = 𝟎 𝒇(𝟐) = −𝟏𝟔 𝒇(𝟒) = 𝟏𝟔

Step 4: The absolute maximum of f(x) is16 which occurs at 𝑥 = 4 (an endpoint) and
the absolute minimum is −16 which occurs at 𝑥 = 2 (a critical point).

Lesson 2: Solving Optimization Problems that Yield Polynomial Functions

Many real-life situations require us to find a value that best suits our needs. If we
are given several options for the value of a variable x, how do we choose the “best
value?” Such a problem is classified as an optimization problem. We now apply our
previous discussion in finding extrema of a function to solve optimization problems.

Suggested Steps in Solving Optimization Problems

1. Read the problem slowly and carefully. Know exactly what the problem is
asking.
2. If possible, draw a diagram or sketch of the problem.
3. Assign variables to all unknown quantities involved.
4. Specify the objective function. This function must be continuous.
a) Identify the quantity, say q, to be maximized or minimized.
 b) Formulate an equation involving a and other quantities. Express q in
terms of a single variable, say x. If necessary, use the information given
and relationships between quantities to eliminate some variables.
c) The objective function is
maximize 𝑞 = 𝑓(𝑥)
or minimize 𝑞 = 𝑓(𝑥).
5. Determine the domain or constraints of q from the physical restrictions of
the problem. The domain must be a closed and bounded interval.
6. Use appropriate theorems involving extrema to solve the problem. Make sure
to give the exact answer (with appropriate units) to the equation.

Example 1: A lot owner plans to enclose a rectangular field with a fence. He has
500 feet of fencing material and a building is on one side of the field that doesn’t
need any fencing. Determine the dimensions of the field that will enclose the largest
area.

Solution:

y y

The problem indicates the use of 500 ft of fencing material (perimeter) that can give
the maximum area of the rectangular field. Thus, the equations for these are:

Maximize: 𝐴 = 𝑥𝑦
Constraint: 500 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦
Since the lot owner will only fence the three sides of his rectangular lot, then we
will only add those with a sum of 500 ft.
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑦 = 500
𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 500

From here, we will solve the constraint for one of the two variables that can be
substituted into the area function of a single variable.

Let us solve the constraint for x.

500 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦
𝑥 = 500 − 2𝑦

Substituting this into the area function gives a function of y.

𝐴(𝑦) = (500 − 2𝑦)𝑦

Now, we want to find the largest value this will have on the interval [0, 250]. The
limits in this interval corresponds to taking 𝑦 = 0 (i.e. no sides to the fence) and 𝑦 =
250 (i. e. only two sides and no width, also if there are two sides each must be 250
ft to use the whole 500 ft). This means the endpoints of the interval will not make
any sense if we want to enclose some area because both will give zero area.
𝐴(𝑦) = 500𝑦 − 2𝑦 2
Now, get the derivative and look for the critical points.
 𝐴′(𝑦) = 500 − 4𝑦
Let 𝐴′(𝑦) = 0,
0 = 500 − 4𝑦
4𝑦 = 500
4𝑦 500
=
4 4
𝑦 = 125
Substituting this into the area function gives 𝐴(125) = 31,250 𝑓𝑡 2 . This must be
the largest possible area since the area at either endpoint is zero based from our
discussion in Extreme Value Theorem.

Get the value of x to determine the dimensions being asked in this problem. We can
determine x by substituting y in the constraint.
𝑥 = 500 − 2𝑦
𝑥 = 500 − 2(125)
𝑥 = 250
Therefore, the dimensions of the field that will give the largest area by using exactly
500 ft of fencing material are 250 x 125.

Example 2: A sheet of cardboard 3 ft by 4 ft will be made into a box by cutting

equal-sized squares from each corner and folding up the four edges. Determine the
height of the box that will give the largest volume?

Solution:

The problem intends to create a box with the maximum volume out of a cardboard
with a dimension of 3ft by 4 ft.

Let the height of the box be x. So, the width or length of the corners being cut out
is also x which means the longest side will become of 4 − 2𝑥 and the width will
become 3 − 2𝑥.

Since the constraint is simply the size of the piece of cardboard and has been
factored in the figure, there is no problem about the constraint equation. In this
case, we want to maximize the volume.
𝑉 = (𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ)(𝑤𝑖𝑑𝑡ℎ)(ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡)
𝑉 = (4 − 2𝑥)(3 − 2𝑥)(𝑥)
Now, we want to find the largest value this will have on the interval [0, 1.5]. The
limits in this interval corresponds to taking 𝑥 = 0 (i.e. no box formed) and 𝑥 = 1.5 (i.
e. no box formed). We did not consider 𝑥 = 2 since the output will become negative.
 𝑉(𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 − 14𝑥 2 + 12𝑥
Now, get the derivative and look for the critical points.
𝑉′(𝑥) = 12𝑥 2 − 28𝑥 + 12
Let 𝑉′(𝑥) = 0,
0 = 12𝑥 2 − 28𝑥 + 12
Use the Quadratic formula to find the critical points.
−(−28) ± √(−28)2 − 4(12)(12)
𝑥=
2(12)

7 ± √13
𝑥=
6

Thus, 𝑥 ≈ 0.57 or 𝑥 ≈ 1.77. However, 𝑥 ≠ 1.77 since it does not lie in the interval
[0, 1.50]. Therefore, 𝑥 = 0.57.

Substituting 𝑥 = 0.57 in the Volume function gives a maximum volume of

approximately 3.03 ft3.

Therefore, x= 0.57 ft can give the largest volume.

Example 3: A manufacturer needs to make a cylindrical can that will hold 1.5
liters of liquid. Determine the dimensions of the can that will minimize the amount
of material used in its construction.

Solution:

Since 1 liter is equivalent to 1000

cubic centimeters, then 1.5 liters is
equal to 1,500 cm3.

Based from the problem, the

cylindrical can has two circles with
area of 𝜋𝑟 2 . Also, it can be made from
a rectangle wherein its length is the
circumference of a circle 2𝜋𝑟 and its height, h. This yields the area equal to 2𝜋𝑟ℎ.
The corresponding mathematical models are:
Minimize: 𝐴 = 2𝜋𝑟 2 + 2𝜋𝑟ℎ
Constraint: 𝑉 = 𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ = 1,500

Solve for h in the second equation.

𝜋𝑟 2 ℎ = 1,500
1,500
ℎ=
𝜋𝑟 2
Substitute h in the Area function to express it using one variable.

1,500
𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 + 2𝜋𝑟 ( )
𝜋𝑟2

3,000
𝐴(𝑟) = 2𝜋𝑟 2 +
𝑟
Differentiate A(r) using the power rule.
 3,000
𝐴′ (𝑟) = 4𝜋𝑟 −
𝑟2
Let A’(r)= 0.
3,000
0 = 4𝜋𝑟 −
𝑟2
3,000
4𝜋𝑟 =
𝑟2
3,000
𝑟3 =
4𝜋

3 3,000 3 750
Since r>0, the only critical number is 𝑟 = √ =√ . It is easy to see that A’(r)<0
4𝜋 𝜋
3 750 3 750
for all 0<r< √ and A’(r)>0 for all r> √ . Therefore, the minimum value of the area
𝜋 𝜋
3 750
must occur at r= √ ≈ 6.2035cm and this value is
𝜋

3 750
𝐴 (√ ) ≈ 725.3964 𝑐𝑚2
𝜋
The height of the can is
1,500 1500
ℎ= = 2 ≈ 12.4070 𝑐𝑚
𝜋𝑟2 750
3
𝜋(√ 𝜋 )

Therefore, the dimensions of the can that will minimize the amount of material used
in constructing a cylindrical can to hold 1.5 liters of liquid are r≈ 6.2035cm and
h≈ 12.4070 𝑐𝑚.

Explore

Here are some enrichment activities for you to work on to master and
strengthen the basic concepts you have learned from this lesson.

Enrichment Activity 1: Calculate the Extrema!

Calculate the absolute extrema of the given functions. Perform using the indicated
steps.

𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 +4 Function and 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 4𝑥 3 + 15𝑥 2 − 18𝑥 +7

on [0,2] Interval on [-1,4]

Step 1:
Continuous or
 Not?

Step 2:
Critical Points

Step 3:
Evaluate

Step 4:
Extrema!

Enrichment Activity 2: Let’s Optimize!

Solve the problems below. Show your complete solutions.
1. An open-top box is to be made from a 24 in. by 36 in. piece of cardboard by
removing a square from each corner of the box and folding up the flaps on
each side. What is the maximum volume of the box?

2. If 1000 cm2 of cardboard is available to make a box with a square base, find
the largest possible volume of the box.

3. A container in the shape of a right circular cylinder with no top has surface
area 3𝜋 𝑓𝑡 2 . What height h and base radius r will maximize the volume of the
cylinder?

Great job! You have understood the lesson.

Are you now ready to summarize?

Deepen

At this point, you are expected to demonstrate your competence in

solving an optimization problem by showing your step-by-step and detailed
solution. You are expected to write your solutions on a sheet of paper and create a
box out of a 14 in by 10 in cardboard. The following scoring rubric will be used in
assessing your performance.

Problem: We have a piece of cardboard that is 14 inches by 10 inches. We will

cut out the corners and fold up the sides to form a box. Determine
the height of the box that will give a maximum volume.
Scrapbook and Box
What you need
Sheet of paper, pen, 14 in x 10 in cardboard, paste/ tape, scissors, ruler
What you have to do
1. Copy the problem. Identify the given and unknown.
2. Write your complete solution, including the identity used.
3. Construct your conclusions to answer the problem.
4. Gather your materials in creating the box.
5. Measure 10 inches width and 14 inches length.
6. Cut squares in all corners using your calculated measurement.
7. Fold and create the box.
8. Document your steps (then print to attach in your scrapbook or send it
online)
9. Finalize your scrapbook with your complete solutions and
documentations.
10. Also submit your created box.

Rubrics for Scoring the Scrapbook

Indicators Poor Fair Good Very Good
2 point 3 point 4 points 5 points
Understanding -Show no -Show a little -Show good -Find all
of the Problem understandin understanding understanding important
g of the of the problem of the problem parts of the
problem problem
-Fully
understand
the problem
Process and -Demonstrate -Demonstrate -Demonstrate -Demonstrate
Strategies little or no a limited a general a clear
knowledge or knowledge and knowledge knowledge
application of application of and and
math skills math skills application of application of
math skills math skills
Accuracy (x2) -Inaccurately -Solution has -Solution is -All
solutions some mistakes correct calculation is
-Small correct
mistakes may -Correct
exist solution
Communication -No evident -Has -Explanation -Has clear
/ Explanations explanation explanation has good use and
(x2) but not clear of math thoughtful
to understand language explanation
-Procedures -Procedures
can be are organized
followed and labelled,
easy to easy to
understand understand
Documentation -No -Submitted -Submitted -Submitted
and Box documentatio documentation documentatio documentatio
n and box pictures (in n pictures (in n pictures (in
print or online) print or print or
and box but online) and online) and
showed box but box with
 incorrect showed least correct
measurement measurement measurement
of the box errors of the of the box
box
Total
____
⁄35

Well done! You have just finished the different activities for this lesson.
Be ready with the final assessment. Good luck!

Gauge

Directions: Read the statements carefully. Select the letter of your answer.
Write you answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the first thing to consider when finding the extrema of a function?
A. Check the critical points. B. Evaluate x on the given interval.
C. Identify the asymptotes. D. Verify whether continuous or not.
2. In what interval does x=4 lie?
A. [-2, 4) B. (0, 3] C. [-2, 6] D. [-1, 2]
For numbers 3 and 4, study the graph at the right using the interval [-5, 5]:

3. What is the maximum point?

A. (-3, 2) B. (-1, -3)
C. (2, 1) D. (4, -1)

4. At what value of x is f minimum?

A. 4 B. 2
C. -1 D. -3

For numbers 5 and 6, use 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = −𝑥 3 − 14𝑥 2 − 60𝑥 − 75 on the interval [−7, −5].
5. Which is the absolute minimum?
A. (−7, −6) B. (−6, −3) C. (−5, −1) D. (−4, 0)
6. Which is the absolute maximum?
A. (−7, 2) B. (−7, 0) C. (−6, 3) D. (−5, 4)
7. Which of the following can be candidates for absolute extrema?
I. asymptotes of the function III. endpoints of the closed interval
II. critical points of the function IV. limits of the given function
A. I and II only B. I and IV only C. II and III only D. III and IV
only
For numbers 8 to 11: An open-typed rectangular box is to be made from a piece of
cardboard 24 cm long and 9 cm wide by cutting out identical squares from the four
corners and turning up the sides.
 8. Which of the following illustrates the volume of the box?
A. 𝑉(ℎ) = ℎ(24 − ℎ)(9 − ℎ) B. 𝑉(ℎ) = ℎ(24 + ℎ)(9 + ℎ)
C. 𝑉(ℎ) = ℎ(9 − 2ℎ)(24 − 2ℎ) D. 𝑉(ℎ) = ℎ(9 + 2ℎ)(24 − 2ℎ)
9. What is the first derivative of V(h)?
A. 𝑉′(ℎ) = 240 − 124ℎ + 4ℎ2 B. 𝑉(ℎ) = ℎ(24 + ℎ)(9 + ℎ)
C. 𝑉′(ℎ) = 140 − 132ℎ + 12ℎ 2 D. 𝑉′(ℎ) = 216 − 132ℎ + 12ℎ2
10. Which could be the height of the box?
A. 1.75 cm B. 2.00 cm C. 2.10 cm D. 2.50 cm
11. What could be the maximum volume of the formed box?
A. 210 cm3 B. 200 cm3 C. 190 cm3 D. 180 cm3
For numbers 12 to 13: A farmer has 2,400 ft of fencing and wants to fence off a
rectangular field that borders a straight river. He needs no fence along the river.
12. Which of the following gives the derivative of A(x)?
A. 2, 400 − 𝑥 B. 2, 400 − 4𝑥 C. 1,200 − 𝑥 𝐷. 1,200 − 2𝑥
13. What are the dimensions of the field that can give the maximum area?
A. 500 𝑓𝑡 𝑥 1,400 𝑓𝑡 B. 600 𝑓𝑡 𝑥 1,200 𝑓𝑡
C. 700 𝑓𝑡 𝑥 1,000 𝑓𝑡 D. 800 𝑓𝑡 𝑥 800 𝑓𝑡

For number 14 to 15: A manufacturer needs to make a cylindrical can that will hold
2 liters of liquid. Determine the dimensions of the can that will minimize the
amount of material used in its construction.

14. What is the approximate measure of the radius of the cylindrical can made?
A. 5.78 cm B. 6.29 cm C. 6.83 cm D. 7.18 cm
15. Which is the approximated height of the cylindrical can?
A. 11.56 cm B. 12. 58 cm C. 13.66 cm D. 14.36 cm

Great job! You are almost done with this module.

References

Printed Materials:

Department of Education. (2016). Lesson 7: Optimization, Basic Calculus Learner’s

Material (pp. 169-184). Pasig City, Philippines.

Websites:

105optimization.pdf (ursinus.edu) Retrieved from:

http://webpages.ursinus.edu/myahdi/105files/105optimization.pdf

2.4 The Extreme Value Theorem and Some of its Consequences (gmu.edu)
Retrieved from: http://math.gmu.edu/~dsingman/315/sect2.4nounc.pdf

4.5: Optimization Problems - Mathematics LibreTexts Retrieved from:

https://math.libretexts.org/Courses/Monroe_Community_College/MTH_210
_Calculus_I/Chapter_4%3A_Applications_of_Derivatives/4.5%3A_Optimizati
on_Problems

Calculus I - Finding Absolute Extrema (lamar.edu) Retrieved from:

https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcI/AbsExtrema.aspx

Calculus I - Optimization (lamar.edu) Retrieved from:

https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcI/Optimization.aspx

Calculus I - Minimum and Maximum Values (lamar.edu) Retrieved from:

https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/CalcI/MinMaxValues.aspx#EVT

chap12.pdf (reed.edu) Retrieved from:

http://people.reed.edu/~mayer/math111.html/chap12.pdf

ExtremeValueTheoremV2 (wccusd.net) Retrieved from:

https://www.wccusd.net/cms/lib/CA01001466/Centricity/domain/60/less
ons/Calculus%20Lessons/ExtremeValueTheoremV2.pdf

ExtremeValueTheorem.pdf (colorado.edu) Retrieved from:

http://math.colorado.edu/activecalc1/ExtremeValueTheorem.pdf

graph of a polynomial function extreme value theorem - Bing images Retrieved

from:https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=%2bFjAEr
hf&id=02FB3F5B80FB6C8971A95F6A6C974FA6B70A3790&thid=OIP.-
FjAErhfu7nKUxuf-vqGFQAAAA&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fs-media-cache-
ak0.pinimg.com%2f736x%2f2c%2f9c%2f8c%2f2c9c8c68e2b5873859435a5a
02322ec7.jpg&exph=196&expw=300&q=graph+of+a+polynomial+function+ex
treme+value+theorem&simid=608047522967062708&ck=07805F8CA59727
F5BB2AB0F434433F0B&selectedIndex=40&FORM=IRPRST&ajaxhist=0
Greff.pdf (whitman.edu) Retrieved from:
https://www.whitman.edu/Documents/Academics/Mathematics/2016/Gre
ff.pdf

Maximum/Minimum Problems (ucdavis.edu) Retrieved from:

https://www.math.ucdavis.edu/~kouba/CalcOneDIRECTORY/maxmindirec
tory/MaxMin.html#PROBLEM%201

Section 3.4 The Extreme Value Theorem (asu.edu) extremevalues-print.pdf

(auburn.edu) Retrieved from:
https://math.la.asu.edu/~arce/mat210_web/lessons/Ch3/3_4/3_4ol.htm

Section 4.5 Optimization Problems by Kiryl Tsishchanka 2010. Retrieved January

4, 2017 from https://www.coursehero.com/file/15273276/Optimization-
Problems/

Software:

Kuta Software LLC-Infinite Calculus

Pre-test
1. b 2. c 3. c 4. d 5. a
6. a 7. c 8. c 9. b 10. d
11.a 12. b 13. b 14. b 15. c
Jumpstart Activity 1: Master, Review Me!
1.1 a. -9; b. -15
5
1.2 x= ; -4
3
1.3 a. 8x3+21x2-42x+4; b. 12x2-18x+4
1.4 x=3 or x= -1
Explore
Enrichment Activity 1:
1. absolute minimum: (1, -3) and absolute maximum (2, 8)
1 9
2. absolute minimum: ( , ) and absolute maximum (4, 431)
2 4
Enrichment Activity 2:
1. 𝑉 ≈ 1,825 𝑖𝑛3
10000√15
2. 𝑉 = 𝑐𝑚2
27
3. ℎ = 1 𝑓𝑡; 𝑟 = 1 𝑓𝑡
Deepen
h=1.9183 in; V=120.1644 in3
Gauge:
1. d 2. c 3. a 4. c 5. b
6. a 7. c 8. c 9. d 10. b
11.b 12. b 13. b 14. c 15. c
Answer Key