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A guide to the marine fauna of the Perhentian Islands (Malaysia)

Book · June 2015

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Magnus Laurence Johnson

University of Hull
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 Perhentian ID Guide.
The following guide is the product of one two week trip to the Perhentian Islands, Malaysia by
an underwater photographer and a marine biologist, made as part of the pre-trip preparation for
the University of Hull undergraduate Tropical Marine Biology field trip. All photographs were
taken using Canon G16 cameras. During this trip we encourage students to develop their
knowledge of tropical taxonomy and ecosystems by making them dive on coral reefs, twice a
day in water that is 30 degrees centigrade and has visibility of up to 20 m. We put them through
this ordeal for their own good in order to help them towards their European Scientific Diver
Qualification. This first draft has been put together in the space of a few months and we are
certain that there are spelling mistakes and mis-identifications. Any corrections should be sent
to m.johnson@hull.ac.uk.

Fish Page 2
Coral Page 12
Anemone Page 15
Invertebrates Page 16
Other Page 19

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 1

FISH

Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6

Acanthuridae Carangidae Haemulidae Lethrininae
Apogonidae Carcharhinidae Holocentridae Lutjaninae
Balistidae Chaetodontidae Kyphosidae Muglidae
Belonidae Dasyatidae Labridae Mullidae
Blenniidae Ephippidae Muraeninae
Caesionidae Gobiesocinae
Gobiidae

Page 7 Page 8 Page 10 Page 11

Naucratinae Pomacanthidae Scorpoaeindae Sphyraenidae
Nemipteridae Pomacentridae Serranidae Syngnathinae
Ostracidae Siganidae Synodontidae
Pempheridae Page 9 Tetraodontidae
Pinguipedidae Scaridae Zanclidae
Platycephalidae

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 2

 Acanthuridae Apogonidae Apogonidae
Naso Lituratus Cheilodipterus alleni Apogon aureus
Orangespine Surgeonfish Ring-tailed Cardinalfish

Apogonidae Apogonidae Apogonidae

Apogon Compressus - (Juvenile) Archamia furcata Archamia goni
Split Banded Cardinalfish Orangelined Cardinalfish

Balistidae Balistidae Belonidae

Balistoides viridescens Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus Tylosurus crocodilus
Titan Triggerfish Yellowmargin triggerfish s Hound needlefish

Blenniidae Blenniidae Caesionidae

Meiacanthus grammistes Ecsenius bicolor Caesio cuning
Striped poison-fang blenny Bicolor Blenny Redbelly yellowtail fusilier

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 3

 Caesionidae Carangidae Carangidae
Pterocaesio chrysozona Carangoides bajad Gnathanodon speciosus
Blue and gold fusilier Orange spotted trevally Golden trevally

Carcharhinidae Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae

Carcharhinus melanopterus Blacktip Chaetodon octofasciatus Chelmon rostratus
reef shark Eight banded butterflyfish

Chaetodontidae Chaetodontidae Dasyatidae

Coradion chrysozonus Heniochus acuminatus Taeniura lymma
Orange banded coralfish Longfin bannerfish Blue spotted ribbontail ray

Ephippidae Gobiesocinae Gobiidae

Platax teira Diademichthys lineatus Cryptocentrus cinctus
Longfin spadefish Long-snout clingfish

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 4

 Gobiidae Gobiidae Gobiidae
Cryptocentrus sp. Amblygobius Cryptocentrus caeruleomaculatus

Gobiinae Haemulidae Holocentridae

Ctenogobiops aurocingulus Plectorhinchus pictus Myripristis sp
Gold-streaked shrimpgoby Trout sweetlips Soldierfish

Holocentridae Kyphosidae Labridae

Sargocentron rubrum Kyphosus cinerascens Halichoeres
Redcoat Blue sea chub

Labridae Labridae Labridae

Cheilinus fasciatus Diptoctacanthus xanthurus Hemigymnus melapterus
Red breasted wrasse Blackeye thicklip wrasse

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 5

 Labridae Labridae Labridae
Labroides dimidiatus Stethojulis trilineata Thalassoma lunare
Bluestreak cleaner wrasse Three-lined rainbowfish Moon Wrasse

Lethrinidae Lethrininae Lutjaninae

Lethrinus erythropterus Lethrinus atkinsoni Lutjanus ehrenbergii
Yellow tail emperor Blackspot snapper s

Lutjaninae Lutjaninae Muglidae

Lutjanus lutjanus Lutjanus vitta Valamugil seheli
Big eye snapper Brown stripe snapper Bluespot mullet

Mullidae Muraeninae Muraeninae

Upeneus tragula Gymnothorax herrei Siderea thysoidea
Freckled goatfish Palechin moray White eyed moray

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 6

 Naucratinae Nemipteridae Nemipteridae
Elagatis bipinnulatus Pentapodus caninus Scolopsis affinis
Rainbow runner juvenile? Small toothed whiptail Peter’s monocle bream

Nemipteridae Nemipteridae Nemipteridae

Scolopsis ciliatus Scolopsis margaritifera Scolopsis monogramma
Whitestreak monocle bream Pearly monocle bream Monogrammed monocle bream

Nemipteridae Ostraciidae Ostracidae

Scolopsis vosmeri Ostracion sp. Rhynostraciaon nasus
Whitecheek monocle bream Boxfish

Pempheridae Pinguipedidae Platycephalidae

Pempheris oualensis Parapercis clathrata Cymbacephalus beuforti
Copper Sweeper s Latticed sand perch female s Crocodile flathead s

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 7

 Pomacanthidae Pomacanthidae Pomacanthidae
Pomacanthus sexstriatus Caetodontoplus mesoleucus Pomacanthus annularis
Six banded angelfish s Vermiculated angelfish Blue ringed angelfish s

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae

Dischistodus perspicilliatus Abudefduf bengalensis Abudefduf sexfasciatus
White damsel Bengal sergeant Scissortail sergeant

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae

Abudefduf viagiensis Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster
Sergeant major Yellowbelly damsel Yellowbelly Damselfish

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae

Amblygphidodon aureus Amphiprion clarkii Amphiprion ocellaris
Golden Damsel Clarke’s Anemonefish False Clown Fish

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 8

 Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae
Amphiprion peridarion Amphiprion polymnus Dascyllus flavicaudus

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae

Dischistodus chrysopoecilus Hemiglyphidodon plagiometopon Neoglyphidodon nigroris (adult)
Lagoon damselfish Black-and-gold chromis

Pomacentridae Pomacentridae Pomacentridae

Neoglyphidodon nigroris (juv) Pomacentrus alexanderae Pomacentrus moluccensis
Black-and-gold chromis Alexander's damsel Lemon Damselfish

Scaridae Scaridae Scaridae

Bolbometopon muricatum Scarus ghobban Scarus oviceps
Bumphead Parrotfish Blue barred parrotfish Dark capped parrotfish

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 9

 Scaridae Scorpaeniformes Scorpaeniformes
Scarus tricolor Inimicus didactylus Inimicus didactylus
Tricolour parrotfish Spiny devilfish Spiny devilfish

Scorpaenidae Scorpaeninae Scorpaeninae

Pterois volitans Parascorpaena picta Scorpaenopsis venosa
Red lionfish Painted scorpionfish Raggy Scorpionfish

Serranidae Serranidae Serranidae

Epinephelus fasciatus Cephalopholis formosa Ephinephelus merra
Blacktip grouper Bluelined grouper Honeycomb grouper

Siganidae Siganidae Siganidae

Siganus virgatus Siganus javus Siganus corralinus
Barhead spinefoot Streaked spinefoot Blue spotted spinefoot

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 10

 Sigianidae Sphyraenidae Syngnathinae
Siganus guttatus Sphyraena flavicauda Corythoichthys amplexus
Goldenline spinefoot Yellowtail barracuda Brown banded pipefish

Synodontidae Tetradontidae Tetraodontidae

Synodus variegatus Arothron stellatus Arothron mappa
Reef lizardfish Stellate puffer Map puffer

Tetraodontiformes Tetraodontiformes Zanclidae

Chilomycterus reticulates Diodon holocanthus Zanclus cornutus
Spotfin burrfish Longspined porcupinefish Moorish Idol

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 11

Coral

Acroporidae Acroporidae Acroporidae

Acropora danai Acropora formosa Acropora hyacinthus

Acroporidae Acroporidae Agariciidae

Montipora delicatula Montipora turgescens Pavona cactus

Acroporidae Acroporiidae Agaricidae

Acropora hyacinthus Acropora hoeksemai Pavona frondifera

Agariciidae Agariciidae Dendrophylliidae

Leptoderis Pachyseris speciosa Turbinaria peltata

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 12

 Faviidae Faviidae Faviidae
Echinopora horrida Favia favus Favia maritima

Faviidae Faviidae Faviidae

Favia speciosa Favia vietnamensis Goniastrea retiformis

Fungiidae Fungiidae Fungiidae

Herpolitha limax Polyphyllia talpina Ctenactis crassa

Fungiidae Fungiidae Merulinidae

Cycloseris cyclolites Fungia fralinae Hydnophora microconus

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 13

 Merulinidae Milleporidae Oculinidae
Hydnophora exesa Millepora platyphyllia Galaxea fascicularis

Pocilloporidae Pocilloporidae Poritidae

Pocillopora damicornis Pocillopora danae Goniopora columna

Poritidae Poritidae Poritidae

Goniopora columna Goniopora lobata Porites mayeri

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 14

 Other Cnidarians

Alcyoniidae Alcyoniidae Alcyoniidae

Sarcophyton trocheliophorum Sinularia gibberosa Sarcophyton trocheliophorum

Stichodactylidae Stichodactylidae Stichodactylidae

Heteractic magnufuca Heteractic magnifica Stichodactyla mertensii

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 15

Invertebrates

Decapoda Decapoda Decapoda

Alpheus djibutensis Alpheus Dasycaris zanzibarica

Decapoda Decapoda Decapoda

Rhyncocinetes Periclimenes Periclimenes

Mollusca Mollusca Mollusca

Jorunna funebris Phyllidia varicosa Pteraeolidia ianthina

Asteroidea Asteroidea Asteroidea

Acanthaster planci Culcita novaeguinea Linkia multiflora

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 16

 Cerianthidae Echinodermata Ellisellidae
Cerianthus filiformis Crinoidea Ctenocella pectinata

Echinodermata Echinodermata Echinodermata

Diadema Echinocardium Maretia

Holothiria Holothuroidea Holothuroidea

Holothuria edulis Holothuria atra Pearsonothuria graeffi

Holothuroidea Holothuroidea Holothuroidea

Stichopus chloronotus Stichopus variegatus Stichopus vastus

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 17

 Holothuroidea Porifera Porifera
Thelenota anax Amphimedon Biemna

Porifera Porifera Porifera

Ircinua Oceanapia sagittaria Sigmadocia ambionensis

Porifera Porifera Bivalvia

Xestospongia exigua Xestospongia muta Ostreidae Lopha

Bivalvia Mollusca Mollusca

Tridacna squamosa Cypraea arabica Cypraea arabica

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 18

 Mollusca Mollusca Mollusca
Cyprea tigris Cyprea tigris Lambis lambis

Mollusca Annelida Annelida

Pedum spondyloideum Polycheata Sabellastarte Sabellidae giganteus

Annelida Ascidian Ascidian

Sabellidae indica Botryllus schlosseri Didemmum molle

Crustacea Chelonidae Chelonidae

Cirrepedia Eretmochelys imbricate Chelonia mydas
Hawksbill turtle Green turtle

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 19

 The Authors

Will Brown is a PADI instructor, underwater photographer, videographer

and fixer. He has spent many years travelling the world and has worked in
a variety of fields, including managing humanitarian projects in Haiti,
building dive shops and teaching diving. Currently he is running Sci-Dive, a
scientific dive company specialising in running university dive research and
training trips.

Magnus Johnson is a PADI instructor and senior lecturer in the School of

Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences at the University of
Hull, England. He has worked all over the world as a scientific diver and
general marine researcher. He has been leading undergraduates on field
trips to various destinations every year since 2000. For many it is a once in
a lifetime experience that galvanises their desire to try and protect the
planet. http://www.marine-biology.org.uk or http://www.hull.ac.uk

Twitter: @marine_bio_hull

Anti Gravity Divers are (we think) the best dive shop on Perhentian. They
have a focus on offering an excellent service to all of their customers. As
well as running PADI Open Water, Advanced Open Water, Rescue Diver
and Divemaster Training, they are an Instructor Development Centre with
many years of experience. http://www.scubadivingperhentian.com/

Twitter @antgravlanta

Photography – Will Brown and Dr Magnus Johnson 20

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