QUESTION 3 KOM 5115: STATISTICS FOR COMMUNICATION (20 Marks)

RESEARCH
2011
New procedures have been instituted by the Graduate School recently for graduate studies
in the University. A survey has been conducted among the Masters and PhD students to
solicit their opinion on the new procedures. The two-way classification on the responses is
presented below.

Opinion
Student In Favour Against No Opinion
Masters 105 40 25
PhD 85 32 13

a). Test hypothesis that student level and their opinion are dependent at 0.05 level
of significance.
i. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses (3 marks)
ii. Calculate the test statistic (6 marks)
iii. Determine the critical value (3 marks)
iv. Make your decision and justify your answer (3 marks)
v. State your conclusion (2 marks)
b) Explain the difference between Chi-square test and Correlation test (3 marks)

Feb 2012
Test the difference in communication satisfaction score between two employees’ groups
(Administrative and support staff) at 0.025 level of significance. Summary data for analysis
is given below:

Employees Group
Administrative staff Support staff

Sample size (n) 12 13

∑X 642 477
∑ X² 35 694 13 059
Mean (x) 53.5 36.6
Variance (s²) 122.5 46.4
Std Deviation (s) 11.01 6.812
i). Test the above hypothesis (15 marks)
ii). Do you agree that there is a significant difference in communication satisfaction
between administrative staff and support staff at 0.025 level of significance?
Why? (5 marks)

June 2012 (soalan no 12)

A study conducted to determine the correlation between relational skills (X) and
interpersonal communication satisfaction (Y) among Public Relation Officer (PRO). Data
collected from a randomly selected sample as follows:
Data:

No. X Y X² Y² XY

1 24 18 576 324 432

2 25 21 625 441 525

3 26 19 676 361 494

4 31 40 961 1600 1240

5 40 36 1600 1296 1440

6 42 18 1764 324 756

7 51 22 2601 484 1122

Total 239 174 8803 4830 6009

a. Explain the differences between Correlation and Chi-square (Test of

independent) (2 marks)
b. What is independent variable and dependent variable on this study? (2 marks)

c. Explain what is r value? (4 marks)

d. Calculate the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r value) for the
above data and describe the strength of the relationship between the two variables.
(6 marks)
e. State the decision and conclusion (6 marks)

July 2012 (soalan no 13)

 Distribution for chatters by place of origin in 2005 was 50% urban, 35% sub-urban
and 15% rural. A recent random sample of 350 chatters comprising of 160 from
urban, 100 from sub-urban and 90 from rural. Test the hypothesis that the current
chatter distribution is different from that of 2005 at 0.05 level of significance. (10
Marks)
3b. The following data was obtained from a study on marks and the time spent studying
on Statistics for Communication Research course.

Mark 69 77 81 83 72 90 64 58 80 69
s
Hours 2.7 2.9 3.0 4.0 3.4 3.8 4.7 3.5 4.0 3.2

i. Explain what is r value? (2.5 marks)

ii. Explain three (3) types of relationship (2.5 marks)
iii. Calculate the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient for the above data
and describe the strength of the relationship between the two variables. (5 marks)

Juni 2013 soalan no 9

3a. List (4) four main assumptions of Inferential Statistics (4 marks).

3b. Construct the ANOVA summary table given the following summary
information. Test the F statistics at alpha level (α ) = 0.05, following the 5-
step model of hypothesis testing and interpret the results (16 marks)

Group A: ΣX = 82; ΣX² = 1,025; n = 5

Group B: ΣX = 94; ΣX² =1,568; n = 8

Group C: ΣX = 65; ΣX² = 645; n = 10

July 2013 soalan no 3

Test null hypothesis below at the alpha (α) = 0.025. Compute the appropriate test
statistic, show the critical value, and interpret the result. (16 Marks)

Ho : μ = 100

Ha : μ ≠ 100

x (mean) = 104.125

s² (Variance) = 158.35

n (number of sample) = 56
3b. Explain the difference between Matched/Paired sample t-test and two
independent sample t-test (4 marks)
Jun 2014 soalan no 7

Explain the difference between descriptive statistics and inferential statistics? How are
this statistics related with level of measurement. (3 marks)

3b. Explain the difference between directional hypothesis and non-directional

hypothesis. (2 marks)

3c. Data on communication skill level were collected both before and after a
communication training programme. Test for the difference in communication
skill level at 0.025 level of significance.

Pre-test Score Post Test Score Difference (d)

4 8 4
5 6 1

3 5 2
4 7 3

6 9 3
3 6 3

2 5 3
5 6 1

4 6 2
3 7 4

Total 39 65 26
Mean 3.9 6.5 (a)

Standard Deviation 1.197 1.269 (b)

(s)

i). Calculate the value of:

(a) = ________ (1 mark)
(b) = ________ (1 mark)

ii). State the appropriate null and alternative hypothesis (2 marks)

iii). Calculate the test statistics (5 marks)
iv). Determine critical value (2 marks)
v). State your decision (2 marks)
vi). State your conclusion (2 marks)

Jul 2014

Test the difference in communication satisfaction score between two

employees’ groups (Administrative and support staff) at 0.025 level of
significance. Summary data for analysis is given below:
Employees Group
Administrative staff Support staff

Sample size (n) 12 13

∑X 642 477
∑ X² 35 694 13 059
Mean (x) 53.5 36.6
Variance (s²) 122.5 46.4
Std Deviation (s) 11.01 6.812

i). Test the above hypothesis (15 marks)

ii). Would you agree there is a significant difference in communication satisfaction
between administrative staff and support staff at 0.025 level of significance?
Why? (5 marks)

Jan 2015

3a Explain the difference between:

i) Matched/Paired sample t-test and two independent sample t-test (2 marks)
ii) ANOVA and Two Independent sample t-test (2 marks)

3b Let say you are given a grant to conduct study in the effect of Facebook
usage on your organization.
i) What would be your three major variables? (3 marks)
ii) For each variable, write one question that gives ordinal data and
another question that gives interval/ratio data (3 marks)
iii) The following are the scores obtained by staff in their effect of Facebook
usage on your organization:
10 18 18 19 28 24 18

15 17 18 15 29 12 18
 16 19 25 10 18 13 14
Please calculate the range, standard deviation, variance, mode, median and mean of
the score (10 marks)

June 2015

3a Explain the differences between Correlation and Chi-square (Test of

independent) (2 marks)

3b A study was conducted to determine the relationship between Job Satisfaction

(JS) and Communication Satisfaction (CS) among Public Relation Officer
(PRO). Data collected from a randomly selected sample follow. Exploratory
Data Analysis (EDA) revealed the data were normally distributed.
Data set:

JS 2 3 3 4 4 5 6 7 8 9

CS 3 3 8 2 7 8 4 9 6 13

a. What is independent variable and dependent variable on this study? (2 marks)

b. Explain what is r value? (4 marks)
c. Calculate the Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r value) for
the above data and describe the strength of the relationship between the two
variables. (6 marks)
d. Test the hypothesis on the association between the two variables at 0.05 level
of significance (6 marks)

Dec 2015
3The following data represent the score of Communication Satisfaction among Master of
Corporate Communication Students at UPM. Organize the data and show the data
presentation by appropriate table (Please include all the relevant calculation) (11 marks)

15 26 10 12 30

21 27 24 13 21

14 32 21 21 13

17 12 34 14 21

25 30 22 31 16

13 21 10 28 21

a. Please calculate the range, standard deviation, variance, mode, median

and mean of the score (6 marks)
b. Explain the difference between:
i. Matched/Paired sample t-test and two independent sample t-test (1 mark)
ii. ANOVA and Two Independent sample t-test (1 mark)
iii. Correlation and Chi-square (Test of independent) (1 mark)
(Total Marks: 20 marks)

Jun 2016 soalan 8

3 a. Explain the difference between Matched/Paired sample t-test and Two

Independent sample t-test (2 marks).

a. Dr. Abdullah J conducted a study to compare WhatsApp phobia among

Lecturers at Universiti Putra Malaysia in 2016 and the previous study at
Chulalongkorn University. Summary information gathered from a randomly
selected sample is as follow. Test the hypothesis below at the alpha (α) =
0.05.

Ho : μ = 51

Ha : μ ≠ 51

x (mean) = 45

s (standard deviation) = 12
 i). State the appropriate null and alternative hypothesis (2 marks)
ii). Calculate the test statistics (6 marks)
iii). Determine critical value (4 marks)
iv). State your decision (3 marks)
v). State your conclusion (3 marks)

2017
Explain the difference between:
i). Matched/Paired sample t-test and two independent sample t-test (2 marks)

ii). ANOVA and Two Independent sample t-test (2 marks)

iii). Correlation and Chi-square (Test of independent) (2 marks)

b. Test null hypothesis below at the alpha value (α) = 0.05. Compute the appropriate
statistical test, show the critical value, and interpret the result (14 marks)

Ho : μ = 100

Ha : μ < 100

x (mean) = 104.125

s² (Variance) = 158.35