ATTACHMENT REPORT.

WEST KENYA SUGAR COMPANY NAITIRI.

BUNGOMA COUNTY.
NAME: MICHAEL SIMIYU WAFUKHO.
ADM NO: 12763
COURSE: DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEEERING.
INSTITUTION: SANG’ALO INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY.
DURATION: 1ST FEBRUARY 2020 TO 30TH A
 DECLARATION.
I Michael Simiyu do hereby declare that this report is original and complied by me purposely
for dedication to my teaching staff and company.

Name:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Admission:……………………………………………………………………

Signature:………………………………………………………………………….
 DEDICATION.
I dedicate this report to WEST KENYA SUGAR COMPANY NAITIRI and my teaching staff for the
firmness and the virtues they instilled in me enough to maintain what is considered the most
and viable of all the titles.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.
I would like to acknowledge the entire employees of WEST KENYA SUGAR COMPANY NAITIRI for
there support during my attachment period. I also acknowledge my attachment co-ordinator
for their work so that I may attain successfully the knowledge and skill required.

I am also very grateful to my family for their financial and moral support towards the
completion of the attachment.
 OBJECTIVE OF INDUSTRIAL ATTACHMENT.
The following are some of the objective;

a) Enables one to identify the process, equipment used, material of construction, their
designed and mode of operation.
b) Enables to integrate theoretical skills acquired in school to real field or industrial
practices.
c) It enables creativity in learning.
d) Enables one to learn, understand and be able to describe the unit operation used.
e) Enables one to interact with different kind of people.
 CHAPTER ONE.
MOTORS.
A motor is an electronic device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.

PARTS OF A MOTOR.

 Starter; This houses the rotor and it has got sets of coil.
 Fan; It provides circulation of air in the motor to avoid over heating of the motor.
 Fan cover; Protects the motor fan.
 Name plate; This carries the detail of a motor.
 AC MOTORS.
DIRECT ONLINE STARTER.
OPERATION.
On pressing start push button the contactor coil is energized and hence the auxiliary and the
hold on contact closes. This completes the circuit and the power is supplied to the motor
windings. When stop push button is pressed the coil is dienergized opening the links.

DISADVANTAGE.

 It has high starting torque.

It is advisable for motors less than 75 horsepower.

 FORWARD AND REVERSE.
OPERATION.

On pressing start the forward contactor coil is energized and motor runs forward on pressing
stop, the coil is dienergized and the hold on contact opens. When the start is pressed the coil is
energized and the reverse contactor is engaged, which change the phase sequence hence
direction change.
 STAR- DELTA.
OPERATION.

On pressing start push button, M, Tr and S contactor coil is energized and closes the hold on
contact, each winding being subjected to 240v ac t.the timer starts the countdown, when the
set time is reached, the timer opens its normally closed disengaging the S contactor and closes.
Its normally open thus engaging delta contactor where each winding is subjected to 415v ac.
 POWER FACTOR CORRECTION.
METHODS OF POWER FACTOR CORRECTION.

 Use of capacitor bank.

 Phase enhancers.
 Synchronous motors.
 Synchronous condensers.
 Load-tap changing transformer.
 Boost converters.
USES OF CAPACITOR BANK.
This is the method which involves the use of capacitors and resisters.

The capacitors used in the process are rated in KVAR.

The capacitors are connected in delta across the supply as shown. In a purely capacitive circuit
current leads voltage but in a purely inductive circuit, voltage leads current and since most of
the machines in the company are inductive loads, there is a great need for power factor
correction.

They introduce capacitor across the supply in delta in order to counter-react the inductive
effect of the inductive loads in order to produce a negative sign.

Resisters are also connected across the supply in delta, this simply helps in discharging the
power stored in the capacitors when there is a cut-off I the supply in order to reduce the effect
of shock risk if you so happen to touch the capacitor. The discharge time for the capacitors is
from 1 to 3 minutes.

N/B

When power factor is low, leading to zero, it leads to major losses to the machines via Kw. After
correction power factor should be leading towards one( for the company is around 0.85).
PARTS OF A DIESEL GENERATOR.

1. Diesel Engine
Fuels system
Lubrication System
Cooling System
Electrical System
Exhaust System
The Turbo Charger
2. AC Alternator
Main Rotor
Main Stator
Automatic Voltage Regulator
Exciter stator
Exciter Roter
3. Radiator
The Radiators Frame
A Top Tank/Expansion Tank
An Intercooler
4. Base Frame

5. Control Panel
Control Module
Terminal Rail
Current Transformer
A Circuit Breaker

The AC Alternator
It turns the rotary motion from the engine into electricity which is used to power the
generator load.
The Radiator
The heat generated as the engine run is taken away by the engine coolant and the
radiator fan blows air through the core cooling the engine
The Automatic Voltage Regulator
It is an electronic device for automatically maintaining generator output terminal
voltage at a set value varying load and operating temperature.
It monitors and controls the voltage in the generator. It sends power to the exciter
stator and adjusts it to keep the voltage at the main rotor at a preset level
Generator Control Panel
Providing monitoring protections and controls, it’s the brain of behind the magic. It
monitors the engine and alternator and ensures everything is running correctly.
Current Transformer
Is used to convert the high current output of the alternator to a lower current for
monitoring
Typically current transformers convert the current to a 0-5A range for monitoring

ROUTINE MAINTENANCE PRACTICES OF A DIESEL GENERATOR

Check fuel level
Check the lubrication oil level in engine and governor and top up if necessary
Tight the battery terminal
Check tightness of connections for any overheating and abnormality
Check the level of electrolyte and top up if necessary

CONCRETE BATCH PLANT

Solenoid Valves
It is control units which electrically energized or de-energized either shut off of allow
fluid flow.
The actuator takes the form of an electromagnet. When energized, a magnet filed builds
up which pulls a plunge or pivoted armature against the action of a spring

Motor Protection Circuit Breaker (MPCB)

It is designed for the protection of electric motors. It has a thermal protection which
guards the motor against overload. MPCBs usually have thermal and magnetic trips or
mechanisms to break the circuit when necessary
Relays
Are switches that open and close circuits electromechanically. Relays control one
electrical circuit opening and closing contacts in another circuit
OBSERVATION.
There is a lot of sugar wastage since it spills on the floor. Bagasse, which is a health hazard.
Most workers use mother tongue while on duty.
RECOMMENDATION.
The company should find a way of minimizing sugar wastage.

The company should find a way of trapping bagasse before it gets to air.

Office etiquette should be observed.

CONCLUTION.
The company has benefitted the society by building schools around.

It has also created employment to the society.

It has provided health facilities.