Smart Energy Meter

GJ Nithin Harsh Sharma

Department of Electronics and Department of Electronics and
Communication Communication
KS Institute of Technology KS Institute of Technology
Bangalore,India Bangalore,India

Mr.Sampath Kumar
Assistant Professor
Department of Electronics and
Communication
KS Institute of Technology
Bangalore,India
Abstract: This paper presents a scheme to remotely
monitor and control energy meter readings. It facilitates to
read energy meters without having to visit each and every
house/organizations. This system comprises a
microcontroller which takes the readings at regular intervals
and records it in its memory. This feature (remote
monitoring) is made available as it consists of a GSM
module which communicates the information regarding the
meter reading via an SMS. The present meter reading
system does not involve the GSM module. The scheme
proposed and tested in this paper avails the GSM
infrastructure, its nationwide coverage and the Short
Messaging System (SMS) cell broadcasting feature to
wirelessly transmit the individual house/organization power
consumption readings. This system is greatly helpful to the
Electricity Department as it enables them to take the meter
readings on a regular basis. Keywords: 89S51, SIM 300, AT
commands..
1. Introduction
In this new era of Innovations we still continue to
use Traditional Energy metering system and its
billing. In India our energy metering system uses
an electromechanical and semi digital energy
meter. It consumes time and labour In the
complete measuring process that can easily be cut
down.
A person from Electricity board has to visit each
house for measuring the power consumption and
for calculating the bill amount every month. So it
requires much of manual work. Many times slow,
costly and lack in flexibility as well as reliability.
Today accuracy in electrical billing is highly
recommended.
In order to avoid all these drawbacks we have
intended to construct a Smart GSM based energy
meter that gives real time consumption as well as
accurate billing.
The proposed energy meter measures the amount
of power consumed and sends it to EEPROM,
where monitoring and analysis of the data can be
easily done and the Real time reading of the
consumption can be sent to the user on an SMS, on
a Daily basis or whenever requested.
Extension of the Smart energy meter with an
embedded system can be designed to get
telemetering, tampering detection and supplier can
disconnect service to the consumer in the event of
meter tampering or unauthorized use of energy.
Smart Energy meter can makes the relation
between utility and user more transparent and
reliable. Power saving is possible which
contributes towards the minimization of the
problem of energy crisis.
Keywords: Energy Metering System, Smart
energy meter, Smartphone, Arduino Uno, GSM
Module
Home Automation incorporates customized
action of home machines with exceptionally
astonishing advancements and controlled over
any of the devices like workspaces, workstations
PDAs or tablets. Home robotization framework
makes the activities of different home
apparatuses a ton of helpful and furthermore
saves energy. With the energy saving origination,
home computerization or building mechanization
and brilliant homes makes life extremely straight
forward today. It includes programmed tasks of
all electrical or electronic gadgets in homes or
maybe distantly through remote correspondence
like Internet of Things (IOT), Wi-Fi and
Bluetooth is an arrangement of associated actual
articles that is available through. The 'Thing' in
IOT might be somebody with a screen, for
example objects that are doled out a data science
address and have the ability to accumulate and
move information over an organization without
manual assistance or intercession. Android
programming framework is innovation among the
main and most famous most popular frameworks
in PDAs. Advanced mobile phones
reasonableness expands everyday in view of their
sizes, innovation improvement with various
versatility. Android applications put in advanced
cells are likewise will be update each second. The
administrator should utilize the screen of the
telephone to direct the house machines. This
project is an android application that has the
possibility to manage any sort of electrical
machines giving full distant access from PDA
utilizing Bluetooth. Bluetooth innovation is
Wireless radio transmissions in an extremely
brief distance giving an important innovation to
make accommodation, insight and controllability.
This creates the individual space networks in the
home environmental elements, any place of these
machines are interconnected to one another
utilizing with a solitary regulator.
 2. Literature survey
 N. Sriskanthan and F. Tan, A. Karande,
“Bluetooth based home automation system,”
Microprocessors and Microsystems, Elsevier,
Vol. 26, pp. 281-289, 2002
The work of N. Sriskanthan shows the
implementing smart home Using Bluetooth using a host
controller, which Is implemented on a PC and
connected to a Microcontroller-based sensor and device
Controllers. It is proposed to make the Communication
between devices possible. The System allows multiple
device controllers to be Connected to the host
controller. In some ideal Conditions Bluetooth has the
highest up to some 100m range.
 “Smart Home Automation System Using
Bluetooth Technology”, Muhammad Asadullah
978-1- 5090-3310-2/17/©2017 IEEE
It is a home automation system developed
using Arduino board, Bluetooth module HC06,
smartphones.
3. Hardware Architecture
A. Arduino Uno
Arduino Uno is microcontroller based open source
hardware board in which ATmega328P microprocessor
used. It consists of 14 digital input output pins and 6 pins
are used as analog inputs which controls the switches or
sensors and control multiple outputs and the operating
voltage is from 5 to 9 volts DC supply and at 16 MHz quartz
frequency clock. It has 32 KB flash memory, 2 KB SRAM
and 1 KB EEPROM.
B. Bluetooth Module HC-06
Bluetooth module is used as an connecting device between
Arduino Uno and smart phones. HC-06 acts as slave device
and operating voltage if from 3 to 6 volts DC supply. It has
6 pins that is: State, RXD, TXD, GND, VCC and EN. For
the communication of the Arduino and the Bluetooth device
the RXD pin of HC 06 is connected to the Arduino TXD at
pin 1 and the TXD of HC 06 connect to the RXD of the
Arduino at pin 0.
C. Relay
Relay is an electromagnetic device that is used to isolate two
different circuits electrically and connect them magnetically,
it is used usually for the interface of the electronic circuits
which works on low voltages that is able to trigger the
devices at high voltages. For an example, a relay will use
the 5V DC supply to trigger the 230V AC mains circuit or
also higher voltages. A relay switch is operated through an
armature which is attracted to an electromagnet or through
plunger drawn into the solenoid and this is the input part of
the relay that generate force when a low voltage applied to
that.
D. PIR Motion Sensor
PIR sensors allow you to sense motion and also used to
detect whether a human has moved in or out of the sensors
range by using infrared radiation. They are small,
inexpensive, low-power, easy to use and don't wear out. For
that reason they are commonly found in appliances and
gadgets used in homes or businesses. They are often referred
to as PIR, "Passive Infrared", "Pyroelectric", or "IR motion"
sensors.
4. Working
In this undertaking, a home computerization
framework is planned which can be constrained by a cell
phone. The computerization framework is associated with
the cell phone through Bluetooth. The advanced cell conveys
control messages to turn home apparatuses ON or OFF by an
android application through Bluetooth interface.
The undertaking is based on Arduino UNO and is utilized
to control LEDs and home machines associated with the
Arduino through transfers. The Arduino board is interfaced
to a HC-05 Bluetooth module to match with the advanced
cell.
An application named "Arduino Bluetooth regulator" is
utilized on the advanced mobile phone which is fit for
sending text strings to a combined gadget. The application
will combine with the home mechanization framework
through HC-05 Bluetooth Module. Each module has a
remarkable MAC address and a secret phrase for blending
with different gadgets. Like the Bluetooth module utilized in
this venture had a MAC address – 98:D3:31:F4:18:22 and
had a secret word "1234" for blending with other Bluetooth
gadgets.
The Arduino uno board receives the user commands in
the form of numbers from the smart phone through Bluetooth
interface. Each home appliances are assigned with these
numbers and are toggled either ON or OFF on receiving the
numeric command. The Arduino board receives the numeric
commands from the Bluetooth module and operates relays to
switch appliances based on the numeric command.
At the point when the circuit is fueled on, the
Arduino loads the necessary libraries and switches transfers
to OFF position. The Arduino waits for the numeric
command to be received from the Bluetooth module. Based
on the number of home appliances used according to that the
numbers should be assigned. If there are four appliances used
then these appliances are assigned numbers from 1 to 4. If
either number is obtained as a string from the Bluetooth
module, the status of the respective appliance is toggled. By
default, the pins connecting to the relays have a LOW logic
driving the relays to switch the appliances OFF.
If an appliance is in OFF condition and number
representing the appliance is passed through the Bluetooth
app, the Arduino switches the logic at the respective pin to
HIGH triggering the relay to switch the appliance ON.
If an appliance is in ON condition and number
representing the appliance is passed through the Bluetooth
app, the Arduino switches the logic at the respective pin to
LOW driving the relay to switch the appliance OFF. . The
numbers are moved to the interfaced Bluetooth module from
the paired mobile phone.
The above graph is the PIR movement sensor circuit which is
utilized for the security reason which can recognize any
infrared radiation around the environmental elements. Once,
the infrared radiation from the human body or any another
source is received by the pyroelectric sensors it generates a
sudden electric signal, then the first slot of the PIR sensor is
intercepted. Then the voltage flowing between the two
sensors changes and a positive differential voltage is
generated. This signal is carried out to the base of transistor
through the output terminal of PIR sensor. A little base
current in the semiconductor will bring about a huge
progression of collector current, because of this the PIR
sensor can recognize the little change in the radiation of the
environmental factors. Collector terminal is connected to the
input of 6v relay using a diode which allows only the current
to flow in one direction the output of the relay is given to the
load(light) and the load is powered.
5. Future enhancement
Extension of our current prototype with an
embedded system, where controlling can be done
instead of just monitoring the meters usage and
power consumption
The further step of controlling can be done with the
help of a relay and certain modifications in the
program code.
This enhancement will help in controlling the power
consumption through an SMS where we can turn on
and turn off the Energy meter, thus saving money
for the user and also helps the environment with the
current energy crisis.
Using more Advanced Technology features like
Wi-Fi can be used instead of GSM, an Android
App can be developed for the user interface instead
of the SMS feature, and cloud Storage facility can
be utilised for storage of the collected data. Energy
control methods can be implemented using a relay.
A Website and Graph plot can be Added as the
Backend interface. This can enable control of the
device from any part of the world with an internet
connection
6. Result and Conclusion
The purpose of this paper was to bring up energy
consciousness in users by giving them timely feedback
of the power consumption and alerting the user when
the consumption exceeds a certain limit.
In this paper, the architecture of low cost and flexible Smart
Energy Meter system using Arduino and GSM based Smart
Energy Meter for advanced metering and monitoring system
is built which is able to read and send data via wireless
protocol using GSM technology, through GSM modem,
capable of managing the meter as well as the line connection
is proposed and implemented.
. We use GSM Module and Arduino in light of the fact that
this is straightforward and its coding is extremely simple. By
carrying out this kind of framework, we can likewise
guarantee the energy conservation. With the assistance of
this framework, we can increase the effectiveness of power
consumption.
However, this projet needs more modification for more
reliable and higher degree of satisfaction and safety. For
GSM module the network coverage of the SIM used is one
might be bit complicated due to network strength issues.
7. References
 An elegant home automation system using
GSM and ARM-based architecture,V.I.K
Bharadwaj Manda, Voona Kushal, and N.
Ramasubramanian
 Smart Home Automation ans Security
Using Bluetooth Technology, Muhammad
Asadullah
 Silviu Folea, Dariela Bordenca, Casiana
Hotea, and Honoriu Valean,”smart home
automation system using Wi-Fi low power
devices”
 A. Alheraish,”Design and Implementation
of Home Automation System”,IEEE
Transactions on Consumer Electronics
 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/33
3044694_Bluetooth_Based_Home_Automa
tion_System_Using_Android_and_Arduino
 https://www.engineersgarage.com/bluetoot
h-controlled-home-automation-system/