Salted Egg Cleanser Machine Manuscript

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SALTED EGG CLEANSER MACHINE
A Project Study
Presented to the Faculty of the
College of Engineering
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Main Campus
Santa Cruz, Laguna
In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
AGONIA, MELFRANZ C.
MALABANAN, JOEY M.
PAMILACAN, TED ANDREI O.
July 2021
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Republic of the Philippines

Province of Laguna
VISION
The Laguna State Polytechnic University shall be the Center for Sustainable
Development transforming lives and communities.
MISSION
LSPU provides quality education through responsive instruction, distinctive
research, sustainable extension and productive services for improved quality of life
towards nation building.
QUALITY POLICY
LSPU delivers quality education through responsive instruction, distinctive
research, sustainable extension, and production services. Thus, we are committed with
continual improvement to meet applicable requirements to provide quality, efficient
and effective services to the university stakeholder’s highest level of satisfaction
through an excellent management system imbued with utmost integrity,
professionalism and innovation.
GOALS OF COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
1. To produce engineers who are able to understand the impact of engineer
solutions in a global/social context, knowledge of contemporary issues, able to
communicate effectively and be involved in community or social projects and
who are ethically and morally responsible.

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2. To conduct innovative and creative researchers that would contribute to
economic development.
3. To participate in community activities that will serve as avenues to applying
knowledge in engineering for the benefit of the community.
OBJECTIVE OF THE BSME PROGRAM
The Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering (BSME) must be able:
1. To provide the students with an education in the fundamentals of Mechanical
Engineering that will allow them to be immediately competitive in industry or
in graduate work while providing the best opportunity for achieving full
potential.
2. To develop a sense of professional responsibility and social awareness.
3. To provide practical applications and hands-on work as evidence by
laboratory, design, project study, computer exercises, and practicum courses.

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APPROVAL SHEET
The thesis entitled “Salted Egg Cleanser Machine” prepared and submitted
by Melfranz C. Agonia, Joey M. Malabanan and Ted Andrei O. Pamilacan in
partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science, major in
Mechanical Engineering is hereby recommended for approval and acceptance.
ROMEO D. SOLITARIO JR, ME

Thesis Adviser
_____________________________________________________________________
Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with the grade of _______.
_______________________________ _______________________________
MARICEL M. MATUTO, ME RINA J. ARCIGAL, Ed. D.
Member Member
__________________________________ _______________________________
KHIMBERLY CAMILLE J. ELCANO JOSEPHINE A. VILLAMIN
Member Member
_______________________________
ROMEO D. SOLITARIO JR, ME
Research Coordinator
_____________________________________________________________________
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering.
__________________________
JONNEL K. PABICO, PECE
Dean, College of Engineering
________________________________________ _________________________
RINA J. ARCIGAL, Ed. D. Date Signed
Director/Chairperson, Research and Development
RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION NO.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
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First and foremost, we would like to thank God Almighty for giving us the
strength, knowledge, ability, and opportunity to undertake this research study and to
persevere and complete it satisfactorily. Without his blessings, this achievement
would not have been possible. We would like to extend our deepest gratitude,
particularly to the following:
We take pride in acknowledging the insightful guidance of our thesis adviser,
Engr. Romeo D. Solitario Jr., our Thesis Adviser, for sparing his valuable time
whenever we approached him despite being busy with his schedule.
To Engr. Marical M. Matuto, our Subject Specialist, for sharing his familiarity
and giving helpful comments and suggestions for a good outcome for our thesis;
To Professor Rina J. Arcigal, our Technical Editor, for her assistance,
patience, time and effort in checking the research papers;
To Professor Josephine Villamin, our Statistician, for helping and sharing her
knowledge and letting us do things that are only necessary for the study;
To Mrs. Camille Khimberly J. Elcano, our English Critic, for her boundless
patience in reading and correcting the content of our research paper;
To Mr. Eugene Manalo for assisting us during the fabrication and construction
of our prototype;
To all Mechanical Engineering Professors, for sharing their knowledge and
experience in the field of engineering helped in completing the research and for
giving their endless support.
To all our classmates, ME 5-A and Thesis mates, for sharing information that
helped us somehow in doing some part of our research paper.

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To our supportive parents, relatives, and colleagues who in one way or another
shared their support either morally, financially, emotionally, and physically, thank
you.
Thank you!
M. C. A.
J. M. M.
T. A. O. P.
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DEDICATION
Every challenging work needs self-efforts as well as the guidance of elders,
especially those who were very close to our hearts.
My humble effort is dedicated to my loving parents,
Melba C. Agonia and Francisco C. Agonia,
For their unwavering love, prayers, support, and sacrifices for educating and
preparing me for my future and for giving me words of encouragement and strength
in fulfilling this research work;
To our Thesis Adviser, Engr. Romeo D. Solitario Jr., and to all the Mechanical
Engineer Professors,
For providing their endless patience and kindest support in each pace of this
project and journey;
To my supportive and loving girlfriend, Veronica P. Mangundayao, I love
you!!
To my thesis mates, Joey M Malabanan and Ted Andrei O. Pamilacan,
And lastly, to Almighty God, who gave me the knowledge I needed to
understand things that are quite critical and are necessary for our thesis, thank you so
much, oh Lord! I know I would not be able to do those things I did for this research
without your guidance.
M. C. A
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DEDICATION
I would like to dedicate this project study to all those people who gave me strength,
inspiration, knowledge and wisdom while working on this study.
First, I give all praises to Almighty God for providing knowledge and solidity while
we are doing this study
To my loving parent, Belen M. Malabanan and Gregorio M. Malabanan, for unending
love and support;
To my siblings Jonathan, Josephine, Jovelyn, Juliet, Jennylyn, Julius and Jeffrey for
the financial support and for motivating me to finish this study;
To my friends and classmates BSME 5-A, thank you for all the fun times that we
shared. I will never forget all of you;
To our Thesis Adviser and Brother to our Fraternity, Engr. Romeo D. Solitario
Jr., and to all the Mechanical Engineer Professors,
For providing their endless patience and kindest support in each pace of this
project and journey;
To my beloved Fraternity, TAU GAMMA PHI, Triskelion’s Grand Fraternity;
for guiding me to excel in my chosen fields of work and endeavour.
To my special someone, Lynel Ann O. Marzan, I love you!
To my thesis mates, Melfranz C. Agonia and Ted Andrei O. Pamilacan,
J. M. M
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DEDICATION
I would like to dedicate the project study to the following:
First, I give all praises to Almighty God for providing knowledge and solidity while
we are doing this study.
To my parents, Teddy Hugo Pamilacan and Maribel Pamilacan for their unending
love, for providing all my needs financially and for encouraging me constantly.
To my siblings Aedrian and Angelo, also to all my cousins, thank you.
To my girlfriend, Leanne T. Agorilla, thank you for all the support you gave.
To my thesismates, Melfranz C. Agonia and Joey M. Malabanan, thank you and
congratulation to us!
To my friends and classmates, to all the guidance and assistance you gave to me, I
truly appreciate it and am very grateful to all of you; and
To our professors in College of Engineering, through this we express our gratitude for
providing us knowledge that we need in our chosen field.
T.A.O.P
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Abstract
This study aimed to develop a machine that can clean the salted egg covered
with clay. The researchers gathered data and information about the related existing
machines that gave the researchers ideas to design Salted Egg Cleanser Machine. The
project prototype Salted Egg Cleanser Machine is a machine designed to clean salted
egg covered with clay. The machine consists of a 2 Hp electric motor with a speed of
1720 rpm. The pulley, belt, sprocket and roller chain were carefully designed for the
effectiveness and efficiency of the machine. These were also the significant
components needed for the construction of Salted Egg Cleanser machine. The
machine contains customized roller conveyor cover with rubber, brush and water
pressure sprayer to clean the salted eggs covered with clay effectively. The machine
also reduces the time consumption of cleaning salted eggs covered with clay. The
machine was developed to help the local duck farmers in cleaning the salted eggs.
This machine can be beneficial as it was tested and evaluated as “Excellent” and
“Very Acceptable” during the research study.

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Keywords- Salted Egg, Electric Motor, Pulley, Belt, Chain, Pump
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARIES PAGE
TITLE PAGE i
LSPU VISION, MISSION, and QUALITY POLICY ii
GOALS of the COLLEGE ii
OBJECTIVES of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING iii
APPROVAL SHEET iv
ACKNOWELDGEMENT v
DEDICATION vii
ABSTRACT x
TABLE of CONTENTS xi
LIST of FIGURES xiv
LIST of TABLES xv
CHAPTER
1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction 1
Background of the Study 2
Theoretical Framework 3
Conceptual Framework 5
Objectives of the Study 6

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Significance of the Study 6
Scope and Limitations of the Study 7
Operational Definition of Terms 8
2 REVIEWS OF RELATED LITERATURE
Salted Egg 9
Cleaning Machine 11
3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design 15
Data Gathering Procedure 16
Supplies and Materials 18
Tools and Equipment 20
Construction Procedure 21
Construction Time Frame 22
Cost of Materials 23
4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Project Description 26
Physical Description 26
Project Specifications 28
Block Diagram 29
Project Development 30
Project Schedule 30
Resource Management 31
Design Calculation 32
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Try-outs and Revisions 38
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation Data 39
Evaluation 40
5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary of Findings 43
Findings 44
Conclusion 45
Recommendation 45
BIBLIOGRAPHY 46
APPENDICES 50
CURRICULUM VITAE 58
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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURES
PAGE
1 Figure 1. Conceptual Framework 5
2 Figure 2. Data Gathering Procedure 17
3 Figure 3. Construction Time Frame 22
4 Figure 4. Design of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine 27
5 Figure 5 Design of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine 28
(Side View)
6 Figure 6. Block Diagram Salted Egg Cleanser Machine 30
7 Figure 7. Duration Time Frame 31

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LIST OF TABLES
TABLES PAGE
1 Table 1. Supplies and Materials 19
2 Table 2. Tools and Equipment 20
3 Table 3. Cost of Materials 23
4 Table 4. Try-outs and Revisions 38
5 Table 5. Production Rate of Salted Egg Cleanser machine for 39
5 minutes continuous operation.
6 Table 6. Percentage of Broken Salted Eggs (Defect Rate) for 40
5 minutes continuous operation.
7 Table 7. Level of Acceptability in Terms of Salted Egg 41
Cleaning
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CHAPTER I
Introduction
Salted duck egg, locally referred to as “itlog na maalat” is a common feature
on every Filipino dining table especially during breakfast. In terms of nutrient
content, salted egg is packed with nutrients, it is highest in calcium, carbohydrates,
ash, and thiamin compared to fresh egg, balut, penoy or century egg. Salted eggs are
a rich culture passed on to generations in the town of Victoria, Laguna. Victoria
Laguna is known as the Duck Capital of Laguna because of its large duck raising
farms which produce most of the duck eggs that go to Pateros and other parts of
Metro Manila and Laguna. Researchers, which include one student from this town are
widely interested on the procedures of making the town’s well-known delicacy which
is the salted egg.
The popular method of processing salted eggs in the Philippines is called the Pateros
method. It is a style of mixing the clay from ant hills or termite mounds, table salt and
water until the texture of the admixture becomes smooth and forms a thick texture
similar to a cake batter. The fresh eggs are individually dipped on the mixture. The
eggs are stored in doors at room temperature over the next 12 to 14 days to cure, in
this way, the salt works its way into the eggs. The curing can last up to 18 days, but
that results in very long-lasting red eggs that can have a 40-day shelf life, which is
largely unnecessary. After the two-week curing period, the eggs are hand cleaned
with water and brush manually. [CITATION Gut19 \l 13321 ]

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Background of the study
Cleaning the salted eggs manually after the two weeks or more curing requires
time and manpower. With this the production consumes more time and the risk of
breaking the eggs have high risk due to mishandling it while cleaning. It has been
common practice heretofore to clean eggs by spraying water or a washing liquid onto
the eggs and scratching it with brushes manually in Victoria, Laguna.
Cleaning an egg can be a handful. Because an egg has a thin shell that can be
easily broken by applying too much pressure the shell of the egg can handle. Cleaning
an egg requires the minimum pressure it needs in order to not break the shell. Even
with the use of a high pressure on water can break the shell of the egg. A minimum
pressure of water and a soft brush is the only requirements in order to clean the egg.
This basis for this research initially came from the researchers’ passion for
developing better methods of the process of cleaning salted eggs. So, the researchers,
came up with this machine that has the requirements in order to clean the salted eggs
covered with mud by a more easily process and by doing it automatically rather than
manually. One of the possible way to lessen the time consumed by cleaning the salted
eggs and to lessen the amount of shell broken on the process of cleaning is by using
automatic cleaning equipment for the salted eggs. The researchers designed and
fabricated a low cost salted egg cleaning machine, which is the Salted Egg Cleanser
machine.[ CITATION And17 \l 13321 ]

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Theoretical Framework
The theoretical framework is supposed to help the reader make a logical sense
of relationship of variable and factor that have believed relevant to the problem so the
reader can understand the theory between them.
According to Cathcart (1968), an automatic egg cleaning machine employs a
conveyor which transports the eggs beneath a row of rotary brushes of generally
cylindrical configuration, each brush having annular depressions spaced along its
length and aligned with egg-receiving recesses in the rollers of the conveyor passing
there beneath. A two-way scrubbing action is obtained by the rotation of the brushes
about their axes, the latter extending horizontally in transverse relationship to the path
of movement of the conveyor, and by reciprocating each brush along its axis back-
and-forth across the eggs there beneath. Additionally, the axes of the brushes are
disposed eccentrically with respect to the scrubbing surfaces thereof to provide up-
and-down movement of the brushes so that pressure on the eggs is released during
each brush revolution to permit the eggs to turn more freely during the scrubbing
operation.
Based on the book written by Chen, C., Chen L. & Holly, F. (1987), the basic
flow, known as Couette flow, of a viscous incompressible fluid between two
concentric cylinders of radii r1 < r2 rotating with angular velocities v1 and v2
respectively, was studied in the 19th century experiments that were designed to test the
Newtonian stress approximation in the Navier-Stokes equations. It was observed and
calculated by a linear theory analysis the critical Reynold’s number at which Couette
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flow becomes unstable. The instability represents a supercritical steady bifurcation
from Couette flow to Taylor vortex flow which then consists of horizontal toroidal
vortices.
The theories stated showed relevance to the research study of Salted Egg
Cleansing Machine since it provided the researchers tested knowledge of necessary
variables that were needed in designing the research design.

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Conceptual Framework
This part presents the paradigm of the study which considers the input, process
and the output.
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

KNOWLEDGE  Conceptualizing the
REQUIREMENTS: prototype.
 Conducting research
- Machine Elements on major parts and
components of the
-Machine Design
prototype.
-Fluid Mechanics  Planning and lay-
outing of prototype.
MATERIAL
 Canvassing,
REQUIREMENT: purchasing, and
collecting of
Cured Salted Eggs materials needed for
the construction of
the project design.
 Machining and “Salted Egg
fabrication of the
designed body frame Cleanser
that will hold the
different machine Machine”
elements.
MATERIAL  Assembly,
SELECTION: alignment and
installation of the
 Chain conveyor components.
 Testing and
with rubberized
revisions of the
rollers project.
 Finalizing the
 Water Sprayer prototype.
 Cleaning
Brushes
 Container for
eggs
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Figure 1. Conceptual Framework
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The general objective of this study was to design and develop “Salted Egg
Cleanser Machine” for salted duck egg farms in Victoria, Laguna.
Specifically, it aimed to attain the following:
1. To determine the components needed in the construction of “Salted Egg
Cleanser Machine” that will satisfy the standard requirement.
2. To determine the performance of “Salted Egg Cleanser Machine” based on:
a. Production rate.
b. Broken salted egg which must not exceed 3-5% of the total number of
eggs being cleaned.
3. To determine the acceptability of the machine in terms of the cleaned eggs’
quality.
Significance of the Study
This study was designed to build a “Salted Egg Cleanser Machine” and the
output of this project will benefit the following:
Salted Egg Cleaners
They can use the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine to lessen the time of cleaning
newly cooked salted egg. This will help them utilize their time and increase the
production of salted eggs. It is also a great help to the elderly that experiences back
pain in cleaning salted eggs in manual method.

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Researchers/Students
This project study will give the future researchers an idea for them to
construct another project study and an inspiration to provide a useful machine. This
project study will provide some guidelines and will also serve as a reference for the
future researchers.
University
This will serve as a result of their proper teachings to the students and can be
used as an example to their discussion that will help the students understand the
principles and concepts in machine design.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focused on the development of the performance of salted egg
cleanser machine by considering the factors that affects the machine’s efficiency:
characteristics and quantity of the incoming eggs to be cleaned, size, proportions, and
inclination of the eggs, rotational speed of conveyor, and dirt of the eggs and
distances of the rollers.
Considerations:
The machine works with the possibility of breaking some of the salted eggs
being cleaned. The number of salted eggs that may be broken through the process is
expected to range from 3-5% of the number of salted eggs that are being cleaned by
the machine.
Definition of Terms
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The following terms were defined by the researchers based on their relevance in
the conduct of this study.
Belt and Pulley. Is a loop of flexible material with pulley which is used to transfer
the mechanical energy to the roller conveyor which helps in conveying process.
Chain and Sprockets. It is a profiled wheel with chain. Sprocket’s teeth, cogs, or
even sprockets mesh with a chain to make the rubberized roller rotating too.
Chain conveyor. A chain conveyor that has parallel rubberized rollers mounted in
frames to convey eggs while rotating from the starting point to the end process.
Electric Motor. It converts electricity to mechanical work.
Frame. It mainly supports the entire components of the machine. Flat
Pressurized Water Sprayer. Is a pressurized water used to effectively clean the
eggs.
Starter. A device use to turn the electric motor on or off.
Speed Reducer. It is a gear set used to reduce the rotational speed of the input shaft
produced by the electric motor used.

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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Salted Egg
According to Kaewmanee, Benjakul, & Visessanguan (2009), duck egg
consisted of 10.87% shell, 54.73% egg white and 33.94% yolk. Salting resulted in an
increase in weight proportion of egg white, but a decrease in yolk proportion.
Moisture contents of both egg white and yolk decreased gradually with concomitant
increases in salt and ash contents as the salting time increased. Protein and lipid
contents increased slightly in both interior (viscous portion) and exterior (hardened
portion) egg yolk with increasing salting time. Oil exudation was observed in yolk,
particularly in exterior yolk.
Based on the study made by Wang, S., Wang, S., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, R.
(2013), reducing the time of making salted eggs became the issue which domestic
scholars were concerned about. The quality of salted duck eggs has the characteristics
of moderate salinity, deliciousness, pure protein, delicate, crispy yolk, and the flow of
yolk oil. The researchers fabricated a rapid salted experimental apparatus of a duck's
egg, which mainly contained the pressure vessel, the air compressor, the circulating
system, heating devices, and control systems. As a result, the production cycle of the
traditional salted eggs method was shortened by 90%, and it was conducive to the
industrial production of salted duck egg. Because the applied pressure vessel volume
is limited, it cannot be used for large quantities of salted duck egg tests. In the future,
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the egg-salting device can be scaled into the mechanization and automation of
production of efficient Chinese egg products processing equipment that can quickly
salt duck egg without pollution.
Based on the study made by PU Y. et al. (2012) the result of the salt duck
which is processed by the dirty duck egg of the different storage time revealed: the
storage time of the dirty duck eggs and qualified rate of salted duck egg rate existed
negative correlation, and were extremely significant difference. The qualified rates of
salt duck egg which is processed by the cleaned duck egg is higher than that by the
dirty duck egg that is not cleaned. The dirty duck egg through 17% saline is better in
the three cleaning methods which is tap water,17% salt water cleaning and 0.2%
methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, and vacuum-packed egg through high temperature have
accord with standard of the salt duck egg.
On a study edited by Hayafuji and Deng (2013), a pulsed pressure-water cycle
technology was applied to accelerate the salting process. Effects of pulse pressure
amplitude, high pressure holding time/atmospheric pressure holding time ratio and
water cycle acting time on salt contents of duck white and duck yolk were studied by
single factor and orthogonal array design methods. The experimental results showed
that during the 3-day salting with 24% Salt solution under 30 °C. To obtain optimal
quality of salted eggs and the optimum mass transfer rate, solution was obtained
under the following conditions: pulse pressure amplitude was 140 kpa and high-
pressure holding time/ atmospheric pressure holding time ratio was 8:16min, water
cycle pulsation ratio was 2:10 min, and the water cycle acting time was 132 min.
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The above studies are related to the present study because the properties of
salted egg that tells how the machine must work. Therefore, the possibility of making
this study possible was also built up.
Cleaning Machine
According to Hwi Chan Jang (2013), an autonomous cleaning machine with a
brush cleaning unit to clean a brush unit. The autonomous cleaning machine includes
a main body, the brush unit rotatably provided on the main body, first brush cleaning
members contacting the brush unit to move foreign substances wound on the brush
unit in a lengthwise direction of the brush unit, and second brush cleaning members
contacting the brush unit to remove the foreign substances wound on the brush unit
from the brush unit.
Based on the study of Cavallaro & Morganson (2011), a method for
automatically washing eggs by (a) dispensing a detergent-wetting agent mixture
having a detergent concentration onto the eggs; (b) determining if the detergent
concentration is at least a pre-set minimum, and going to step (a) if it is; (c) activating
a detergent pump pumping at a rate; (d) activating a wetting-agent pump at 1/Nth the
rate of the detergent pump, to form the detergent-wetting agent mixture; (e)
determining if a pre-set interval has expired, and going to step (b) if it has not;
otherwise (f) stopping the detergent pump and the wetting agent pump.
Based on the study of W. Messens et.al (2011), although the practice of
washing eggs was mainly developed to clean dirty eggs (Class B), this processing
may also improve the visual appearance of eggs and their hygienic quality by
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decreasing the bacterial load on the shell surface (‘sanitising’). This chapter first
reviews the historical and commercial perspectives of egg washing. It then gives an
overview of the egg washing process. Next, factors that influence the microbiological
quality of washed eggs are listed before describing postwashing treatments. Finally,
the benefits and problems associated with egg washing are discussed.
Based on the study of Cavallaro and Morganson (2005), A method for
automatically washing eggs by (a) dispensing a detergent-wetting agent mixture
having a detergent concentration onto the eggs; (b) determining if the detergent
concentration is at least a pre-set minimum, and going to step (a) if it is; (c) activating
a detergent pump pumping at a rate; (d) activating a wetting-agent pump at 1/Nth the
rate of the detergent pump, to form the detergent-wetting agent mixture; (e)
determining if a pre-set interval has expired, and going to step (b) if it has not;
otherwise (f) stopping the detergent pump and the wetting agent pump.
Based on the study of Rivers (2017), A cleaning device for eggs and more
specifically relates to an egg washing apparatus structured and arranged to be used by
small-scale chicken farmers and people who prefer to purchase free range eggs from
their local farmer's market or co-op.
Based on the study of Suh (2015), an egg processing apparatus is provided.
Such an apparatus includes a plurality of egg processing devices configured to
interact with a plurality of eggs carried by an egg carrier. An egg support assembly is
positioned beneath the egg processing devices such that an egg carrier is capable of
being moved between the egg processing devices and the egg support assembly. The
egg support assembly includes a plurality of pedestals, with each pedestal having a
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plurality of discrete egg support members cooperating to form a seating arrangement
portion for contacting and supporting an end of an egg in the egg carrier. An
associated assembly and method are also provided.
Based on the study of Bliss and Pietila (2012), an egg carrier including a
gripper mechanism wherein the egg carrier is operative to grip and release an egg at a
predetermined orientation. Accordingly, the egg carrier includes a mechanism
whereby the gripper mechanism can be rotated whereby an egg can be released at an
angle greater or less than 90°. The gripper mechanism capable of gripping an egg in
one orientation and then pivoting or changing the orientation of the egg such that the
egg is released at a predetermined angle.
Based on the study of Buisman (2007), a method of washing eggs in a manner
which allows controlling the level of pollutants of the washing fluid. At least two
sprayer units are located over a conveyor in which eggs to be washed travel in a
conveying direction. The eggs are engaged by a brush at each sprayer station. At least
two sprayer units located over the conveyor receive washing fluid, spray the washing
fluid over the eggs and collect the washing fluid in a collector. The intake of washing
fluid, the spraying of the washing fluid and the collecting of the washing fluid at each
of the sprayer units is confined to that sprayer unit. Each sprayer unit except the
farthest downstream sprayer unit receives washing fluid from the collector of the next
downstream sprayer unit.
Based on the study of Holm and Madsen (2017), an apparatus for washing
shell eggs includes a washing unit and an egg conveyor extending in a longitudinal
direction, and having a transverse direction. The longitudinal and transverse

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directions define a conveyor plane. Spray nozzles are arranged in the washing unit
above the conveyor plane so that in a first step the eggs can be subjected to a liquid jet
from a first liquid spray nozzle spraying in a first spray direction, and in a second step
the eggs can be subjected to a liquid jet from a second liquid spray nozzle spraying in
a second spray direction. The first and second spray nozzles are arranged on opposite
sides of the egg when seen in the transverse direction and at a distance above the
conveyor plane so that the liquid sprayed in the first and second spray directions hits
the egg from opposite sides in a downwards angle.
Based on the study of Jinping (2012), the invention discloses a duck egg shell
cleaning and disinfection method which belongs to the technical field of duck egg
shell bacteriostasis. The method comprises the following process flow: selecting an
egg, checking the egg, preparing a disinfection fluid, soaking the egg in the
disinfection fluid, scrubbing the egg shell, drying the egg, and storing or processing
the egg. The method provided by the invention is good in cleaning effect and can
completely kill bacteria on the surface of the egg shell, is conductive to the fresh
keeping of the duck egg and slightly influences quality change of the duck egg. The
duck egg can keep pretty good quality by soaking in an aqueous solution of an 84
disinfectant, which has a certain fresh keeping effect on the duck egg. Quality decline
of the duck egg is slowed by sterilizing or disinfecting the duck egg so that shelf life
of the duck egg is prolonged. The method provided by the invention has no big
influence on duck egg content.

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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
The researchers used a developmental type of research. Developmental
research, as opposed to simple instructional development, has been defined as the
systematic study of designing, developing, and evaluating instructional programs,
processes, and products that must meet criteria of internal consistency and
effectiveness. Past researches or studies were used in able to construct the ideas in
making a new design for a salted egg cleanser machine. The researchers collected
data and information to discover ideas on how to develop the machines on the past
researches. The main concept of this study was to develop and improve the cleaning
efficiency of the machine. This is made possible by adding a pressure washer and
nylon brushes.
Making a prototype means that the prototyped unit can be tested in its true
environment and potential overlooked issues with the manufacturing process or the
design itself can be highlighted and implemented ahead of full-scale production. The
researchers must ensure that the developed prototype can demonstrate feasible results
based on the problem.
According to Dudgeon (1937), one or more eggs are rotatably supported
thereon in such fashion that may continuously moving belt tangentially contacts and
thereby individually drags each egg shell successively around both its minor and its
major axes to effectively tumble and thereby bring all surface regions thereof
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including the opposite ends into active wiping engagement with such cleansing belt,
but without subjecting the cured eggs to a centrifugal or the like disturbing impulsive
force that might lead to abnormal shell cracking.
Data Gathering Procedure
This part supported the idea of the research design about the Salted Egg
Cleanser Machine. The researchers gathered the necessary data and information from
Salted egg makers in Victoria, Laguna. Internet is also one of the sources of data
regarding the design. Some developments and improvements were done to improve
the design of the machine as well as to the cleaning process. Consultation with their
instructors and engineers regarding the principles and operations of the design were
conducted to gain boarder knowledge to be applied in the study of the Salted Egg
Cleanser Machine. This phase has a figure that depicted the flow of the procedure on
how the researchers gathered the data used to make this project possible.
This study employed engineering design, analysis, and planning to achieve a
simple but still efficient design that meets the purpose of this study which is to make a
machine that would lessen the time, effort and money spent to clean eggs cured to
make salted eggs.
The procedures used in this study were divided into two phases to convene the
objectives of the study. These consist of the personal interview with owners of
different salted egg makers in Victoria, Laguna, analyzing and designing of the
machine.
17
Before starting up with the research designs, gathering information about the
topic was conducted. Researchers first went to a very well-known salted egg maker in
Laguna which is named as “Itlog ni Kuya” and was able to have a personal interview
with the owner and knew about their needs in the production of the salted eggs.
There, it was concluded that the main problem of the owner is in the cleaning process
of the salted eggs that is cured in mud and different ingredients that is included in the
so-called Pateros method of making salted eggs. It is also said that during the manual
cleaning process, 3-5% of the eggs being cleaned get cracks or damages during the
cleaning process. Through researching online and going to other salted egg farms to
look for details that would help the researchers visualize the possibility of the project,
the researchers were able to move on to the second phase.
The second stage of the study is analyzing and designing of the machine. In
this phase, past researches are very well used to be able to make designs for different
parts of the prototype. The researchers collected associated data about the salted egg
cleanser machine, its design, parts, and the materials to be used in fabrication. The
researchers prioritized available materials to develop a cost-effective apparatus.
After these phases, the design of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine is ready for
fabrication.
Personal interview with owners of Victoria’s
Salted Egg Farms
Analyzing and Designing of the Machine

Figure 2. Data Gathering Procedure
18
The figure above represents the process involved in designing the research
project in sequence. It started in personal interviews, followed by conceptualization of
the design, and its finalization.
Supplies and materials
The supplies and materials of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine consist of the
parts and pieces essential for the production of the prototype. This section contains
the complete lists, with their perspective quantities and specifications. These supplies
and materials are best to use for the design project.
Quantity Unit of Measurement Description of Material

1 Pc Electric Motor 1hp
1 Pc Speed Reducer 1:60
1 Pc Water Pressure Washer
1.5 Meter Hose #1
1 Pc Angle bar 3/16x1
2 Pcs Angle bar 3/16x1 1/2
1 Pc Steel plate 2.0 mm 2ft
1 Pc G.I Sheet 1.0
1 Pc C Channel 2x3
1 Pc Flat Bar 3/16 x1
4 Pcs Flange bearing
2 Pcs Fan belt 38 B
1 Pc Pulley 3x2 B
2 Pcs Pulley 8x1 B
1 Pc Sprocket 12T #40
1 Pc Sprocket 60T #40
4 Ft. Chain #40
8 Pcs Set Screw 5/16
10 Pcs Bolt/Nut 5/16 x1
20 Pcs Bolt/Nut 3/8x1
2 Pcs Bolt/Nut3/4x3
2 Ft. Shafting #1
4 Ft. G.I Pipe ½
19
4 Pcs Sprocket 27T

20 Ft. Chain #60
27 Ft. G.I Pipe 1 ½
64 Pcs Bearing 6703
64 Pcs Bolt/Nut ¼ x2
27 Ft. Shafting 5/8
4 Pcs Spray Nozzle
32 Ft. Rubber mat
2 Sets Marine Epoxy
Table 1. Supplies and Materials
Table 1 shows the list of supplies and materials used in constructing the
machine for Salted Egg Cleanser Machine. The researcher depended on the
approximate supplies and materials that were available in the market to attain the
desired output.
Tools and Equipment
The tools and equipment used in the construction of the researchers’ project
prototype, “Salted Egg Cleanser Machine,” were shown in the table below. These
tools and equipment are required to make this project based on the design layout.
Table 2. Tools and Equipment
Tools and Equipment Function

Drill Press It was used in producing holes in metal by
means of rotating drill acting on a secured
held piece.
Welding Machine It was used in joining metals of all kinds by
means of a process using electric current.
Bench Grinder It was used for grinding work piece.
Socket Wrench A tool that has apart which fits over the end
of bolt or nut and was used to turn it.
Power Hacksaw It was used in the cutting of metal parts of
light and medium section needed in
construction of the prototype.
20
Adjustable Wrench It has a movable jaw and was used in

adjusting nuts of various sizes.
Meter It was used for measurement purposes.
Lathe Machine It was used for operations such as cutting,
sanding curling, drilling and deforming.
Table 2 shows the tools and equipment that the researchers used in
constructing the prototype of the project. It also contains the functions of each tool
and materials on how it was used in the project prototype.
Construction Procedure
In order to meet the desired outcome, the researchers used the following
procedure in developing the project Salted Egg Cleanser Machine:
1. Canvassing, purchasing and collecting of all the materials needed for the
construction of the project design.
2. Machining and fabrication of the designed body frame that holds the different
machine elements.
3. Assembly, alignment, and installation of the components.
4. Testing and revisions of the project. In this procedure, several test and trials
were done to know the output of the project.
5. Finalizing the prototype. The researchers were already ready for evaluation
after tests were done to know the possible solutions for the improvement of
the final prototype.

21
Construction Time Frame
The researchers used a Gantt chart to give an overview of the activities with
their time prior to the construction of the project.
Duration Time Framework

Activities No. of Weeks
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1. Canvassing,
purchasing and

collecting of all the
materials needed.
2. Machining and
fabrication of the

designed body
frame.
3. Assembly,
alignment, and

installation of the
components.
4. Testing and

revisions.
5. Finalization of

the project.
Figure 3. Construction Time Frame
Figure 3 presents the different activities that should be done during the
production of Salted Egg Cleanser Machine and the corresponding estimated time
allotment for each work activity. It consumed weeks and months for canvassing and
purchasing, finishing and evaluation of the project prototype. However, one (1) week
was allotted in the canvassing of supplies and materials, three (5) weeks in
22
constructing and assembling of the project, two (2) weeks in testing and revision of
the project and one (1) week of finalization and evaluating the project.
Cost of Materials
A detailed list of the materials needed for the construction of the proposed
project as well as other expenses, description, and cost of each material is presented in
the table.
Table 3. Cost of Materials
Quantit Unit of Description of Unit cost Total

y Measurement Material (Php) cost (₱)
1 Pc Electric Motor 1hp 4,500 4,500
1 Pc Speed Reducer 1:60 4,200 4,200
1 Pc Water Pressure Washer 452 452
1.5 Meter Hose #1 452 452
1 Pc Angle bar 3/16x1 380 380
2 Pcs Angle bar 3/16x1 1/2 180 360
1 Pc Steel plate 2.0 mm 2ft 550 550
1 Pc G.I Sheet 1.0 1,100 1,100
1 Pc C Channel 2x3 650 650
1 Pc Flat Bar 3/16 x1 350 350
4 Pcs Flange bearing 450 1,800
2 Pcs Fan belt 38 B 300 600
1 Pc Pulley 3x2 B 300 300
2 Pcs Pulley 8x1 B 400 800
1 Pc Sprocket 12T #40 250 250
1 Pc Sprocket 60T #40 420 420
4 Ft. Chain #40 800 800
8 Pcs Set Screw 5/16 22 176
10 Pcs Bolt/Nut 5/16 x1 18 180
20 Pcs Bolt/Nut 3/8x1 25 500
2 Pcs Bolt/Nut3/4x3 50 100
2 Ft. Shafting #1 400 400
4 Ft. G.I Pipe ½ 250 250
4 Pcs Sprocket 27T 580 580
23
20 Ft. Chain #60 4,000 4,000

27 Ft. G.I Pipe 1 ½ 620 620
64 Pcs Bearing 6703 75 4,800
64 Pcs Bolt/Nut ¼ x2 18 1,152
27 Ft. Shafting 5/8 850 850
4 Pcs Spray Nozzle 350 1,400
` Ft. Rubber mat 30 960
2 Sets Marine Epoxy 1,500 3,000
Material Cost ₱ 47, 420
Labor Cost ₱ 30, 000
Total Expenses ` ₱ 77,420
Table 3 shows the cost of materials and production with its quantity, unit price
and total price including the labor cost, material cost and total cost of the entire
project. The material cost summed to a total cost of ₱ 47,420.00, and the labor cost
summed to a total cost of ₱ 30,000.00 to a grand total of ₱ 77, 420.00.

24
CHAPTER IV
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter contains project description, physical description, block diagram,
resource management, design calculation, try-outs and revision, and presentation,
analysis and interpretation of data
Project Design
The Salted Egg Cleanser Machine is a machine develop to clean the salted egg
covered with clay after curing. The machine is composed of different mechanical
parts like pressure washer, rubberized roller, cleaning brushes, speed reducer, belts
and chains. The belt and the conveyor with rubberized roller were attached to
mechanical linkage which are connected to the pulley and the belts all the way to the
speed reducer, motor and power source. The machine is driven by an electric motor
with 2-Hp having a speed of 1720 rpm as a prime mover of the object and has a speed
reducer at 1:60 ratio
Project Description
The project name of the prototype was “Salted Egg Cleanser Machine” which
was used to clean salted eggs covered with clay. In this section, the physical
description the prototype was discussed. This part portrayed the features of the
prototype.
25
Figure 4. Design of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine
Figure 4 shows the design of the prototype entitled “Salted Egg Cleanser
Machine.” Referring to the figure, it was consisted of first container (1), which the
salted egg covered with clay will be put in to, the switch (2), which start the machine,
the chain conveyor with rubberized rollers and water sprayer (3), which transport and
clean the salted egg covered with clay, the sprocket and chain (4), which is connects
to the motor which enable the conveyor to move, the chain conveyor with rubberized
roller (5), which transport the salted egg from the first container to the second
container, the second container, (6), which were the cleaned salted eggs will be
collected.
Figure 5 Design of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine (Side View)
Figure 5 shows the frame (7), which mainly support the entire components of
the machine, the third container (8), which where the muddy water goes to, the drain
(9) where the water flows and goes to the third container, the electric motor (10), with
26
specification of 2 Hp and 1720 rpm which were, the speed reducer (11) with
specification of 1:60, the water pressure washer (12), which power the water sprayer
to clean the clay out of the salted eggs.
Project Specifications
Overall physical property
Length = 8 ft
Width = 1.5ft
Height = 3ft
Motor:
Motor Hp = 2 hp
Speed Reducer:
Speed Reducer = 1:60
Sprockets:
Sprocket #40: 12T
60T
Sprocket #60: 27T = 4pcs
Pulley:
Pulley Diameter = 6 in.
Pulley Diameter = 8 in.
Pulley Diameter = 3in.
Belt: Belt Length = 32in.
Belt Length = 38in.

27
Chain:
Chain #60 = 20 ft.
Chain #40 = 4ft
Block Diagram
A block diagram is a diagram using levelled blocks connected by straight lines
to represent the relationship of the parts of phases as the steps is a data processing
application. In this phase is shows how components of the system are related to each
other and how the system operates with its inputs and outputs at various stages.
Figure 6. Block Diagram Salted Egg Cleanser Machine
AC Motor
Chain Conveyor Pump
Water Sprayer Water Sprayer
Cleaning brushes
Figure 6 shows the diagram for the operation of the system. The system starts
at the AC motor which is the power source that drives the conveyor that transport the
eggs from the start to the end point.

28
Project Development
The researchers thought of an idea on how their project study can create a
useful machine that is essential on cleaning the cured salted eggs.
The development of design of the prototype was completed with the ideas
combined by the researcher, guidance of their adviser, and the help of their fabricator.
The study was approved by the panel because the design has the potential to improve
the process of cleaning cured salted eggs. The researchers started the construction of
the prototype by purchasing the materials needed. With the assistance of the fabricator
and the help of the researchers, adviser, the prototype was fabricated on time.
29
Project Schedule
The researchers used a Gantt chart to give an overview of the amount of time
consumed with respect to the corresponding activities for the completion of the
project design. These are activities from the planning of the design up to evaluation of
the machine.
Figure 7. Duration Time Frame

2021
ACTIVITY Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Observation
and
Gathering of
Information
Analyzing
and
Designing
Construction
of the Design
Testings and
Revisions
Evaluation of
the finished
Project
Figure 7. Duration Time Frame
Figure 7 represents the different activities conducted by the researches. This
part serves as the overview of the schedule of the development, fabrication and
evaluation of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine.

30
The researchers spent 3 weeks in observation and gathering of information
and 4 weeks of analyzing and designing of the prototype. The construction of the
design was done in 8 weeks. Testing and revisions of the Salted Egg Cleanser
Machine were done in 8 weeks, where motor power was changed to increase the
pressure of the water sprayer that makes the machine more capable of cleaning the
salted eggs. Evaluation of the finished project lasted for 2 weeks.
Resource Management
This part discuss the resources needed in the utilization and construction of
the project and how it was utilized by the researchers. Money was spent for the
fabrication cost, the material, and printings during revision and other expenses.
Materials needed were canvassed and chosen properly to make sure that the machine
would work properly. The machine and Equipment that were used in fabricating and
constructing the prototype of Salted Egg Cleanser Machine are drill, grinder, welding
machine, lathe machine, meter, adjustable wrench and power hacksaw. Manpower
needed in paper works, design and construction of the prototype were employed
evenly.
Design Calculation
The following are the calculations of the design that helped provide data to the
researchers to attain the desired output of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine. The data
thoroughly calculated and computed to attain the right dimension and specifications
of the required materials.

31
Determination of pump power
Q x δ x TDH
Power =
η
Where:
Q = pump flow rate, 4.67 x10−4m3/s
δ = Specific weight of liquid flowing
TDH = Total dynamic Head
η = pump efficiency ; η = 90%
Determination of the velocity of liquid
Q
V=
A
Where:
Q = flow rate of pump
A = Cross-sectional area of pipe
D of pipe = 0.0127 m
Solving for velocity of liquid
4 xQ
V= = 4 x¿¿
π x D2
V =3.684 m/s
Solving for Total dynamic head
v2 P
TDH = + +z
2g δ
Where:
32
v = velocity of the liquid flowing; v = 3.684 m/s
g = gravitational acceleration; g= 9.8066 m/s 2
P = pressure; 28 kg/cm2 = 2746.862 kPa
z = elevation; z = 1
Solving for TDH
(3.684)2 2745.862
TDH = + +1
2(9.9066) 9.8066
TDH = 281.693 m
Solving for pump power
Q x δ x TDH
Power =
η
−4 ¿
Power =( 4.67 x 10 ) x (9.8066)x 9281.693 ¿ 0.90
1 hp
Power = 1.43 kw X ( )
0.746 kw
Power = 1.9 Hp use 2Hp
Desired Speed
2.5
Motor Speed: = 1720rpm X ( )
9
= 477.778 rpm
1
Gear Box: = 477.779 rpm X ( ¿
60
= 7.963 rpm
12
Final drive: = (7.93 rpm ) X ( )
27
= 3.593 rpm (speed of conveyor and sprocket)

33
Active diameter of sprocket = 6”
6” x 3.1416 = 18.85“
(18.85)(3.539) = 66.710 inches per min
¿
= 66.710 1∈ min ¿ x ¿
= 1.69 m / min
Conveyor speed: 1.69m/min
Conveyor Capacity: 2 eggs/roller
; 14 roller/ 1.25m
Production Rate = Conveyor speed x Conveyor Capacity
1.69m 14 rollers 2 eggs

= x x
min 1.25 m roller
Production Rate = 37.856 eggs/min ~ 38 eggs/min
Motor Specification:
Power Output (P): 2 hp
Speed (N): 1720 rpm
To calculate force:
F= m x g
Where:
F= Force, n
m= Mass of duck egg, kg
g= 9.8066, m/s2
F= (5 kg) (9.8066 m/s2)
F= 49.033N = 10.940 lb
34
To calculate torque:
T= F x d
Where:
T= Torque, N-m
F= Force, N
d= distance/diameter of small pulley
10.940lb x 6 in
T= 65.640 lb-in
To calculate motor load power:
πTN 4.482 N
P=
30
= π ( 65.640 ln−¿ ) ( 1lb
¿¿ )
1 Hp
P = 1345.957 W x
746 W
P= 1.804 Hp = 2Hp
Belt and Pulleys

Torque
2 πTN
P=
33000
Given:
P= power, hp, 2Hp
T= torque, lb-in
N= speed, rpm
Solution:
2 π x T x 1720rpm
2Hp= ft−lb
33000
hp . min
¿
T = 6.1078ft-lb x 12∈ 1 ft ¿
35
T= 73.284 lb-in
Speed ratio (Motor - Pump)
N 1 D2
SR =
N 2 D1
Given,
SR = Speed ratio
N1= Speed of motor (small pulley), 1720rpm
N2= Speed of large pulley, rpm
D1= Diameter of small pulley, 3in
D2= Diameter of large pulley, 6in
Solution:
N 1 D2
=
N 2 D1
1720 6
=
N2 3
N2 = 860 rpm
Speed ratio (Motor – Speed Reducer)
N 1 D2
SR =
N 2 D1
Given,
SR = Speed ratio
N1= Speed of motor (small pulley), 1720rpm
N2= Speed of large pulley, rpm
D1= Diameter of small pulley, 3in

36
D2= Diameter of large pulley, 8in
Solution:
N 1 D2
=
N 2 D1
1720 8
=
N2 3
N2 = 645 rpm
Calculate the center distance (Motor - Pump)
(D 1+ D2)
C= + D1
2
Where:
C = Center distance, inch or m
D1= Diameter of small pulley, 3 inches
D2= Diameter of large pulley, 6 inches
(3+6)
C= +3
2
C = 7.5 inches
Calculate the center distance (Motor – Speed Reducer)
(D 1+ D2)
C= + D1
2
Where:
C = Center distance, inch or m
D1= Diameter of small pulley, 3 inches
D2= Diameter of large pulley, 8 inches

37
(3+8)
C= +3
2
C = 8.5 inches
Belt Length (Motor - Pump)
Length of belt = 2 C+ π ( DD 21 )+¿ ¿

Where:
L – Belt length in inches
C – center length between two pulleys in inches, 7.5inch
D2 – pitch diameter of first pulley in inches, 6inch
D1 – pitch diameter of first pullet in inches, 3inch
Length of belt = 2(7.5)+ π ( 63 )+¿ ¿

Length of belt = 31.837 inch
Used belt length = 32inch
Belt Length (Motor – Speed Reducer)
Length of belt = 2 C+ π ( DD 21 )+¿ ¿

Where:
L – Belt length in inches
C – center length between two pulleys in inches, 8.5inch
D2 – pitch diameter of first pulley in inches, 8inch
D1 – pitch diameter of first pullet in inches, 3inch

38
Length of belt = 2(8.5)+ π ( 83 )+¿ ¿

Length of belt = 37.837 inch
Used belt length = 38 inch
Chain and Sprocket
Solving diameter of sprocket for Speed Reducer
Teeth of Sprocket at Speed Reducer = 12 teeth
Speed from Speed Reducer = N1 = 30 rpm
Required Speed: N2 = 6N
T 1 N 1 (12)(30)
T2 = = =T2=60T
N2 6
Chain # 40
Pitch 1
2
P 1 T 1 (0.5)(12)
D1= = =1.909= 2in.
π π
D1 N 1 (1.909)(30)
D2 = = = 9.54in.
N2 6
Limiting Speed
PT 1 N 1 (0.5)(12)(30)
Vm = = = 15fpm
12 6
Length of Chain
(12+60) ( 60−12)2
L=2(1.5) + +
2 40 (1.5)
L = 77.4 in = 6.45ft
39
Solving Diameter of Sprocket for main
T 1 N 1 ( 27 ) (25)
T2 = = = T2= 27T
N2 25
Teeth of Sprocket at Speed Reducer = 27T
Chain # 60
Pitch, inch 3
4
P 1 T 1 (0.75)(27)
D1 = = = 6.446in.
π π
D1 N 1 ( 6.445 ) (25)
D2 = = = 6.446in.
N2 25
Limiting Speed
P 1 T 1 N 1 ( 0.75 ) (27 ) (25)

Vm = = = 42.187fpm
12 12
Length of Chain
(27+ 27) ( 27−27)2

L= 2(6.113) + +
2 40(6.113 )
L= 8.661ft
Try-outs and Revisions
In this phase, the trials and revisions made by the researchers were presented.
Table 4. Try-outs and Revisions

Trial Situation Result Revision
40
1 100 pcs cured Cured salted eggs are Adjust the pressure of
salted eggs partially cleaned. Needs the water sprayer by
improvement. adding more holes on
the sprayer.
2 100 pcs cured Cured salted eggs are almost Changed the motor
salted eggs cleaned. Still for power to supply more
improvement. power to the pump
therefore water spray
will be more effective.
3 100 pcs cured Desired cleaning quality is N/A
salted eggs being achieved already
Table 4 shows the try-outs and revisions that were made before achieving the
best outcome. The researchers adjusted the pressure of the water sprayer by adding
more holes on the sprayer. Until they arrived in changing the motor power to supply
more power to the pump therefore water spray will be more effective. Rubbers for the
containers were also placed in to reduce the chance of breaking the eggs during
operations.
Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
Table 5. Production Rate of Salted Egg Cleanser machine for 5 minutes

continuous operation.
No. of
No. of Input Salted Production
Operation Time Cleaned
Trial Eggs (Dirty) Rate
(min) Salted Eggs
(pcs) (eggs/min)
(pcs)
5 192 192 38
1
5 192 192
2 38
3 5 193 193 39
5 192 39
41
Average 192
Table 5 shows the production rate of Salted Egg Cleanser Machine for 5
minutes continuous operation. Based on the computed data, the production rate for
trial 1 is 38 eggs/min. For trial 2, results showed that 192 eggs of cured salted eggs
were cleaned in 5 minutes, 38 eggs/min production rate is obtained. For trial 3, the
production rate for 193 eggs in 5 minutes operation is 39 eggs/min. It also shows the
average Production Rate of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine in 5 minutes of
continuous operation. The average production rate for the three trials conducted were
38 eggs/min, 38 eggs/min, and 39 eggs/min, respectively. With these results, the
overall computed production rate of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine was 39
eggs/min.
Table 6. Percentage of Broken Salted Eggs (Defect Rate) for 5 minutes

continuous operation.
No. of No. of Percenta

Operation No. of Input
Cleaned Broken ge of
Time Salted Eggs
Trial Salted Salted Eggs Broken
(min) (Dirty) (pcs)
Eggs (pcs) (pcs) Eggs (%)
5 192 1
1 192 0.52
5 192 1
2 192 0.52
3 5 193 0
193 0
Average 5 192 0.67 0.35%

192
42
Table 6 shows the percentage of broken salted eggs for 5 minutes continuous
operation. Based on the computed data, the defect rate for trial 1 is 0.5 %. For trial 2,
results showed that 1 egg of cured salted eggs were broken in 5 minutes, 0.5 % defect
rate is obtained. For trial 3, the defect rate for 0 eggs in 5 minutes operation is 07 %.
For the average defect, three trials conducted wherein percentage of 0.5 %, 0.5 %,
and 0% are obtained respectively. With these results, the overall computed defect rate
of the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine was 0.35 %.
Evaluation
Table 7. Level of Acceptability of Salted Eggs in term of quality
Verbal
Weighte Standard
Criteria Interpretatio `Description
d Mean Deviation
n
1. The cleaned
eggs do not 0.49 Highly
4.74 Excellent
have muddy Acceptable
color.
2. The cleaned 4.68 0.51 Excellent Highly
egg’s color is Acceptable
almost the
same with the
fresh duck’s
43
egg before it is
cured with
mud
3. Cleaned
eggs have the 0.46 Highly
4.7 Excellent
natural white Acceptable
egg shell color.
4. Cleaned
salted egg’s
shell does not 0.40 Highly
4.8 Excellent
have cracks Acceptable
and looks
ready to cook.
5. There is no
sign of other
curing 0.51 Highly
4.68 Excellent
materials on Acceptable
the egg shell/s
surface.
Highly
Average 4.72 Excellent
Acceptable
Table 7 shows the outcome of the survey for the level of Acceptability of
Salted Egg Cleanser Machine in terms of the Quality of cleaned eggs. The researchers
gathered 50 respondents including Salted Egg cleaners and Farm Owners to answer
the survey. The overall result showed that the machine is “Excellent” and “Highly
Acceptable” in terms of cleaning having an average weighted mean of 4.72.

44
CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter discussed the summary, findings, conclusions, and
recommendations made after the whole project study.
Summary of Findings
The primary purpose of this study was to develop a machine that will
automatically clean the cured salted eggs with less manpower, time, and energy
needed. The results would give benefits for those business owners who currently
employ a lot of man just to achieve their minimum egg requirements for each day
operation.
45
The “Salted Egg Cleanser Machine” was designed and developed by the
researchers. It was capable of cleaning the cured salted eggs covered with clay and
salt. The machine's major components are the conveyor, water sprayer, cleaning
brushes and containers both for cleaned and uncleaned eggs.
While creating this project, the proponents encountered problems in
analyzing, designing, and constructing the project prototype. Revisions took place to
meet the desired result of the researchers.
The researchers conducted production rate evaluation conducting three 5-
minute continuous operation to test the production rate of the machine. It was
concluded that the Salted Egg Cleanser Machine can clean cured salted eggs at the
average rate of 39 eggs/min with a defect rate of 0.35% only.
Findings
Based on the data gathered during the development of the study and several trials and
testing of the prototype, the following are the findings:
1. The Salted Egg Cleanser Machine was built with the following
components such as: one unit of 2 HP Capacitor Start Motor served as
prime mover of the chain conveyor and pump. The pulley in the motor
having a diameter of 3 inches is connected to the pulley of the speed
reducer having a diameter of 8 inches with one A32 V- Belt. A piece of
speed reducer having a ratio of 1:60 was used to reduce the speed of the
46
motor. A 12 teeth sprocket in the speed reducer is connected to 60 teeth
sprocket in chain conveyor using a #40 chain. Four 27 teeth sprocket in
the motor is connected to 60 teeth sprocket in chain conveyor using #40
chain.
2. Production rate:
a. Based on the 5-minutes continuous operation that were used on the
trials conducted by the researchers, the range of results for each trial to
get production rate were 38 eggs/min, 38 eggs/min, and 39 eggs/min,
respectively.
b. Based on the 5-minutes continuous operation that were used on the
trials conducted by the researchers, the range of results for each trial to
get the defect rate were 1 egg/5min, 1 egg/5min, and 0 egg/min,
respectively.
3. The acceptability of the machine in terms of the cleaned eggs’ quality got
an average mean of 4.72. The capability of the Salted Egg Cleanser
Machine is better than the manual cleaning method in terms of the
production rate by 1,155 eggs/hr.
Conclusions
With the outcome of the researcher’s project study, the following conclusions
were formulated:
1. It is possible to build the prototype to achieve the desired function and output
by using and design machine component such as motor, chain conveyor, water
47
sprayer, cleaning brushes and egg containers. The prime mover of the prototype
was 2 HP capacitor start motor having a rated speed of 1720 rpm.
2. For the production rate on the testing through 5 minutes continuous operation
wherein result of 38 eggs/min, 38 eggs/min, and 39 eggs/min respectively
obtained a result of is 39 eggs/min. The average results for the defect rate on the
testing through 5 minutes continuous operation wherein result of 1 egg/5min, 1
egg/5min, and 0 egg/5min respectively obtained a result of 0.35%.
3. Based on the evaluation of the machine in terms of the cleaned eggs’ quality,
the criteria obtained “Excellent” remarks. It was therefore determined that the
performance of the prototype is “Very Acceptable.”
Recommendations
Improvements in the research can be made by applying recommendations
from the researchers. The salted egg cleaning process has a room for improvements
which are expressed in the following:
1. Make the machine bigger to increase the egg cleaning capacity.
2. Make a good design for container to lessen man power requirement.

48
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53
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
54
THE PROTOTYPE
APPENDIX B
Tools and Equipment

55
DRILL PRESS
LATHE MACHINE
56
BENCH GRINDER
ADJUSTABLE WRENCH
57
METER TAPE
WELDING MACHINE
58
APPENDIX C
Manual of Operation
A. Operational Manual
1. Place the dirty salted eggs in the first container.
2. Fill the containers a lot of water to remove some of the dirt of the
salted eggs.
3. Place the end of the drainage hose in the water drainage.
4. Plug the 220V supply.
5. Turn on the switch for the conveyor and pump.
6. Put the eggs in the entrance of the machine.
7. Pick up the eggs in the exit of the machine and place it in the egg
trays.
8. After using the machine turn off the switch and unplug it.
B. Safety Precautions
1. Before plugging the machine, make sure that your hands are
always dry to avoid electric shock.
2. Make sure to operate in a stable ground to avoid unnecessary
vibrations.
3. If extension wire is needed, make sure to use thick insulation.
4. Make sure that the bolts and nuts are tightened.
5. Immediately turn off machine when unnecessary noise or
vibrations occurs.
59
C. Care and Maintenance
1. Before using the machine, always check if the moving parts are tightened.
2. Check for any suspicious dents and markings around the machine.
3. Check if the switches are functioning and no electrical wires are exposed.
4. Check all moving parts if there is any obstruction.
5. Machine guarding of any parts of the machine must not be removed while
in operation.
6. Make sure that no tools, loose parts are left in or out of the machine.
7. Always clean the machine after use.

60
APPENDIX D
Republic of the Philippines

Province of Laguna
Farm’s Name: ___________________________
Gender: __________________________________ Age: ____
Instruction: Put a check (✓) in the table for selection of options. Use the following
guidelines.
NUMERIC EVALUATION DESCRIPTION VERBAL
INTERPRETATION
5 Highly Acceptable Excellent
4 Slightly Acceptable Very Satisfactory
3 Acceptable Satisfactory
2 Not Acceptable Unsatisfactory
1 Very unacceptable Very Unsatisfactory
STATEMENT 5 4 3 2 1
Acceptability of Salted Egg Cleanser Machine in terms of the Quality of cleaned eggs
1. The cleaned eggs do not have muddy color. (Hindi kulay putik ang
balat ng itlog)
2. The cleaned egg’s color is almost the same with the fresh duck’s egg
before it is cured with mud. (Halos kakulay ng sariwang itlog na hindi
ibinabad sa putik ang kulay ng itlog)
3. Cleaned eggs have the natural white egg shell color.
(Bumalik sa normal na kulay puti ang balat ng itlog.)
4. Cleaned salted egg’s shell does not have cracks and looks ready to
cook. (Walang basag at maaari nang lutuin ang itlog)
5. There is no sign of other curing materials on the egg shell/s surface.
(Walang bahid ng kahit anong bagay na pinagbabaran ng itlog ang balat
nito)
Recommendations:
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
________________
Signature
61
CURRICULUM
VITAE
MELFRANZ CANDELARIA AGONIA

Purok 2A, Masapang, Victoria, Laguna
62
melfranzcagonia@gmail.com
0970-343-2430
OBJECTIVES:
To impart and exercise the understanding and abilities I gained in Mechanical

Engineering as an intern, and work in my fullest potential in a goal-motivated
environment.
PERSONAL DETAILS:
Birthdate : September 27, 1998
Birthplace : Sta. Cruz, Laguna
Age : 22
Sex : Male
Status : Single
Nationality : Filipino
Language spoken : Filipino and English
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND:
TERTIARY Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
Brgy. Bubukal, Santa Cruz, Laguna
2015 up to present
SECONDARY Liceo de Pila
Pila, Laguna
2011-2015
INTERMEDIATE Masapang Elementary School
Victoria, Laguna
63
2005-2011
SEMINARS/TRAININGS ATTENDED
 Mechanical Engineering Days 2019
“Opportunities for Mechanical Engineers in the Industry”
LSPU SCC (Sta. Cruz, Laguna)
(March 18, 2019)
 8th PSME National Students’ Conference Seminar
SMX Convention Center
(October 17-18, 2018)
 A Seminar for Safety:

“Bridging and Uplifting Awareness, Knowledge and Actions toward Safety
Engineering”
(May 12, 2017)
 English Skill Training and Employability Skills Training Program
(November 22-23, 2017)
 Mechanical Engineering Day 2017
“Focusing the perspective of Mechanical Engineering student

as Pioneers of the Future”
(March 29, 2017)
(October 16-17, 2018)

64
“Mechanizing & Enhancing the Capability and Harmony

among Future Mechanical Engineers”
(February 10-12, 2020)
SKILLS & ABILITIES
 Computer Literate
 Critical Thinking
 Can do Work Productively Under Pressure
 Time Management
 Problem-solving
 Adaptability
 Creative
REFERENCES:
 Engr. Mark Augusto V. Agus | University Instructor |
Laguna State Polytechnic University Main Campus |
0917-526-2975
 Engr. Romeo Solitario Jr. | University Instructor |
0977-814-3861
65
JOEY MERCADO MALABANAN
144 Brgy. Tubuan, Pila, Laguna

joeymalabanan24@gmail.com
0965-823-6226
OBJECTIVE:
To contribute further on development of your esteemed

organization through active participation in company operations in
ways that will enable me to enhance my skills and knowledge and to
provide an opportunity for personal development and career growth.
PERSONAL DETAILS:
Birthdate : June 24, 1998

Birthplace : Pagsanjan, Laguna
Age : 23
Sex : Male
Status : Single
2015 up to present
66
SECONDARY Laguna State Polytechnic University
Sta. Cruz, Laguna
2011-2015
INTERMEDIATE Missionary Oratorians of Jesus School
Victoria, Laguna
2005-2011
(March 18, 2019)
(October 17-18, 2018)

Engineering”
(May 12, 2017)
(November 22-23, 2017)

67
(March 29, 2017)
(October 16-17, 2018)

(February 10-12, 2020)
SKILLS & ABILITIES
 Time Management
 Problem-solving
 Adaptability
 Creative
REFERENCES:
0917-526-2975
0977-814-3861
68
TED ANDREI ORBISTA PAMILACAN

145 Sitio Rosal, Brgy. Bubukal,
Sta Cruz Laguna
tedandreipamilacan@gmail.com
09213973880
OBJECTIVE:
. To utilize my technical skills for achieving the target

and developing the best performance in the organization. I would
like to implement my innovative ideas, skills and creativity for
accomplishing the projects.
PERSONAL DETAILS:
Birthdate : April 6, 1999

Birthplace : Sta. Cruz, Laguna
Age : 22
Sex : Male
Status : Single
69
2015 up to present
SECONDARY Southbay Montessori School
Sta Cruz, Laguna
2011-2015
INTERMEDIATE Duhat Elementary School
Duhat, Laguna
2005-2011
(March 18, 2019)
(October 17-18, 2018)

Engineering”
(May 12, 2017)

70
(November 22-23, 2017)

(March 29, 2017)
(October 16-17, 2018)

(February 10-12, 2020)
SKILLS & ABILITIES
 Time Management
 Problem-solving
 Adaptability
 Creative
REFERENCES:
71
0917-526-2975
0977-814-3861

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i

SALTED EGG CLEANSER MACHINE

Republic of the Philippines

Development transforming lives and communities.

LSPU provides quality education through responsive instruction, distinctive

towards nation building.

LSPU delivers quality education through responsive instruction, distinctive

continual improvement to meet applicable requirements to provide quality, efficient

and effective services to the university stakeholder’s highest level of satisfaction

through an excellent management system imbued with utmost integrity,

professionalism and innovation.

GOALS OF COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

1. To produce engineers who are able to understand the impact of engineer

solutions in a global/social context, knowledge of contemporary issues, able to

communicate effectively and be involved in community or social projects and

who are ethically and morally responsible.

2. To conduct innovative and creative researchers that would contribute to

3. To participate in community activities that will serve as avenues to applying

knowledge in engineering for the benefit of the community.

OBJECTIVE OF THE BSME PROGRAM

The Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering (BSME) must be able:

1. To provide the students with an education in the fundamentals of Mechanical

Engineering that will allow them to be immediately competitive in industry or

2. To develop a sense of professional responsibility and social awareness.

3. To provide practical applications and hands-on work as evidence by

laboratory, design, project study, computer exercises, and practicum courses.

by Melfranz C. Agonia, Joey M. Malabanan and Ted Andrei O. Pamilacan in

Mechanical Engineering is hereby recommended for approval and acceptance.

ROMEO D. SOLITARIO JR, ME

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with the grade of _______.

RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION NO.

persevere and complete it satisfactorily. Without his blessings, this achievement

particularly to the following:

We take pride in acknowledging the insightful guidance of our thesis adviser,

whenever we approached him despite being busy with his schedule.

To Professor Rina J. Arcigal, our Technical Editor, for her assistance,

patience, time and effort in checking the research papers;

patience in reading and correcting the content of our research paper;

To all Mechanical Engineering Professors, for sharing their knowledge and

giving their endless support.

helped us somehow in doing some part of our research paper.

Every challenging work needs self-efforts as well as the guidance of elders,

especially those who were very close to our hearts.

My humble effort is dedicated to my loving parents,

Melba C. Agonia and Francisco C. Agonia,

in fulfilling this research work;

project and journey;

To my supportive and loving girlfriend, Veronica P. Mangundayao, I love

To my thesis mates, Joey M Malabanan and Ted Andrei O. Pamilacan,

And lastly, to Almighty God, who gave me the knowledge I needed to

without your guidance.

inspiration, knowledge and wisdom while working on this study.

we are doing this study

To my loving parent, Belen M. Malabanan and Gregorio M. Malabanan, for unending

love and support;

the financial support and for motivating me to finish this study;

shared. I will never forget all of you;

Jr., and to all the Mechanical Engineer Professors,

project and journey;

To my beloved Fraternity, TAU GAMMA PHI, Triskelion’s Grand Fraternity;

for guiding me to excel in my chosen fields of work and endeavour.

To my special someone, Lynel Ann O. Marzan, I love you!