Universidad Militar Nueva Granada

Oscar Santiago Rodríguez Diaz

Mecánica de Solidos

2.021

9.47 The solid shaft is subjected to a torque, a bending moment and a shear stress. Determine
the principal stresses acting at the point A
We calculate static to detect reactions

∑𝐹 = 0 𝐹𝑦 − 800𝑁 = 0 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑦

𝐹𝑦 = 800𝑁

∑𝑇 = 0 𝑇𝑥 − 45𝑁. 𝑚 = 0 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑥

𝑇𝑥 = 45𝑁. 𝑚

∑𝑀 = 0 𝑀𝑧 + (800𝑁. 𝑚 ∗ 0.45𝑚) − 300𝑁. 𝑚 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑧

𝑀𝑧 + 360𝑁. 𝑚 − 300𝑁. 𝑚

𝑀𝑧 = −60𝑁. 𝑚

Let’s calculate the moments of inertia according to the área

𝜋 𝜋
𝐼𝑥 = 𝐼𝑧 = 4 𝑅4 = 4 (0,025𝑚)4 = 0,3068 ∗ 10−6 𝑚4

(𝑄𝐴)𝑧 = 0

We calculate the polar momento

𝜋 𝜋
𝐽= 𝑅4 = (0,025)4 = 0,6136 ∗ 10−6𝑚4
2 2
We calculate the normal stress by applying bending formulas

𝑀2 ∗ 𝑦
𝐴=−
𝐼2
−60(0.025)
𝐴=−
0.3068 ∗ 10−6
𝐴 = 4.889𝑀𝑃𝑎

We calculate the shear force. Applying torsion formulas

𝑇𝑥 ∗ 𝑦 45(0.025)
𝑇𝐴 = =
𝐽 0.6136 ∗ 10−6

𝑇𝐴 = 1.833𝑀𝑃𝑎

Diagrama de esfuerzos

𝑥 = 4.889𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑧=0

𝑇𝑥2 = −1.833𝑀𝑃𝑎

Construcción del círculo de Mohr

𝑧 + 𝑥 4.889 + 0
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑜 = = = 2.445𝑀𝑃𝑎
2 2
Las coordenadas referidas al punto A y C
A (4.889, -1.833)

C (2.445, 0)

Calculamos el radio

𝑅 = √(𝑥 − 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚)2 + 𝑇𝑥𝑧2

𝑅 = √(4.889 − 2.445)2 + (− 4.833)2

𝑅 = ±3.056𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝐸𝑠𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑟𝑧𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑜

The cuts with the horizontal axis are the main forces 1 and 2

1 = 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 + 𝑅 = 2.445 + 3.056 = 5𝑀𝑃𝑎

2 = 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 − 𝑅 = 2.445 − 3.056 = −0.611𝑀𝑃𝑎

Selección del material

𝑦
𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑛 𝑁 = 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 1 ≤ 𝑁 ≤ 3

Y= esfuerzo de frecuencia

Se toma el esfuerzo máximo en el círculo de Mohr

Tomando N=2 valor promedio

𝑦
𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
𝑁
𝑁 ∗ 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑦 2 ∗ 3.056𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 6.112𝑀𝑃𝑎

Se usa en materiales mayor a 6.112MPa

Tomando N=3 Valor máximo

𝑁 ∗ 𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑦 3 ∗ 3.056𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 9.168𝑀𝑃𝑎

Se usa materiales con Sy o mayor a 9.168MPa

You can use a material with higher electrical limit where aluminum or copper
9.92 The solid shaft is subjected to torque, the bending moment and the shear force shown in the
figure, determine the main forces acting on points A and B and the absolute maximum shear force

La estática es la misma

∑𝐹 = 0 𝐹𝑦 − 800𝑁 = 0 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑦

𝐹𝑦 = 800𝑁

∑𝑇 = 0 𝑇𝑥 − 45𝑁. 𝑚 = 0 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑥

𝑇𝑥 = 45𝑁. 𝑚

∑𝑀 = 0 𝑀𝑧 + (800𝑁. 𝑚 ∗ 0.45𝑚) − 300𝑁. 𝑚 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑧

𝑀𝑧 + 360𝑁. 𝑚 − 300𝑁. 𝑚

𝑀𝑧 = −60𝑁. 𝑚

Calculamos los momentos de inercia

𝜋
𝐼𝑥 = 𝐼2 = (𝑅)4
4
 𝜋
𝐼2 = (0,025)4
4
𝐼2 = 0,3068 ∗ 10−6𝑚4
𝜋
𝐽= (𝑅)4
2
𝜋
𝐽= (0,025)4 = 0,6136 ∗ 10−6𝑚4
2
(𝑄𝐴)2 = 0

𝑄𝐵 = 𝑦(𝐴`)
4(0,025) 1
= ( (𝜋)(0,025)2)
3𝜋 2
= 10,417 ∗ 10−6𝑚3

𝑄𝐵 = 𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑒 ∗ 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜

4𝑅 𝜋𝑅2
𝑄𝐵 = ∗( )
3𝜋 2

Normal bending efforts

−𝑀2 ∗ 𝑦
=
𝐼2
−60(0)
𝐴=− =0
0,3068 ∗ 10−6

Esfuerzo constante por torsión

𝑇𝑥 ∗ 𝑦 45(0,025)
𝑇𝐴 = = = 1,833𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐽 0,6136 ∗ 10−6
Shear transverse force in direction and shear torsional force in B
𝐹𝑦 𝑄 𝐵
𝑇𝑣 =
𝐼𝑡
Diameter is the width of the inertia moment section of the total transverse área

𝑇𝐵 = (𝑇𝑣) − 𝑇 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙
𝑇𝑝
𝑇𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙=
𝐽
Momento polar de inercia total

Radius being the furthest distance from the axis of rotation

800(10,417 ∗ 10−6) 45(0,025)
𝑇𝐵 = −
0,3065 ∗ 10−6(0,05) 0,6136 ∗ 10−6

𝑇𝐵 = −1,290𝑀𝑃𝑎

Construcción de círculos de Mohr

En A

T𝑥𝑧 = −1,833 𝑥 = 4,889𝑀𝑃𝑎 𝑧=0

𝑥+𝑧 4,889 + 0
𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑚 = = = 2,445𝑀𝑃𝑎
2 2
Coordenadas del punto A y C

A (4,889, - 1,833) C (2,445,0)

Radio del circulo

R=√(4,889 − 2,445)2 + (−1,833)2 = 3,056𝑀𝑃𝑎

En B

2=0 x=0 T𝑥2 = −1,290𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑧+𝑥
Prom = =0
2

Entonces las coordenadas A y C en B

𝐴(0, −1,290) 𝑦 𝐶(0,0)

El radio seria R= 1,290MPa

Grafica del circulo

Punto A

Esfuerzos principales en A

1 = 2,445 + 3,056 = 5,50𝑀𝑃𝑎

2 = 2,445 − 3,056 = −0,611𝑀𝑃𝑎

Punto B

Esfuerzos principales en B

1 = 0 + 1,290 = 1,29𝑀𝑃𝑎

2 = 0 − 1,290 = 1,29𝑀𝑃𝑎

The absolute maximum constant effort is now calculated

𝑚𝑎𝑥−𝑚𝑖𝑛 5,50−(−0,611)
Para A 𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = =
2 2

𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 3,06𝑀𝑃𝑎
Para B 𝑇 =
𝑚𝑎𝑥−𝑚𝑖𝑛 1,29−(1,29)
1,29𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑚𝑎𝑥 2
= 2

For the selection of the material the same is done, but with the absolute maximum cutting value

𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 𝑁 𝑦 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑎 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎

(3,06)2 = 6,12𝑀𝑃𝑎

Con N=3

𝑇𝑚𝑎𝑥 ∗ 𝑁 = 9
(3,06) ∗ 3 = 9,18𝑀𝑃𝑎

Can be used in aluminum or copper where the elastic limit is observed in the material table
Estructura

50 base

50 ancho

10 altura 5mm

espesor

Resultados de análisis

Deformación
Grafica de tensiones