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  • Bowens's Reaction Series For Cooling of A Basalt Magma: Mafic

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    SMITH OFIME
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    As a basalt magma cools, minerals crystallize out of the magma in a predictable order determined by its temperature and composition. Olivine forms at the highest temperatures near 1200°C, followed by pyroxene and plagioclase as the magma cools further. More polymerized minerals like amphibole, biotite and feldspars form at even lower temperatures, until quartz crystallizes from felsic rhyolitic magmas near 750°C, resulting in a continuous range of volcanic rock types from mafic basalts to felsic rhyolites.

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    Bowens RS

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    As a basalt magma cools, minerals crystallize out of the magma in a predictable order determined by its temperature and composition. Olivine forms at the highest temperatures near 1200°C, followed by pyroxene and plagioclase as the magma cools further. More polymerized minerals like amphibole, biotite and feldspars form at even lower temperatures, until quartz crystallizes from felsic rhyolitic magmas near 750°C, resulting in a continuous range of volcanic rock types from mafic basalts to felsic rhyolites.

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    Bowens's Reaction Series For Cooling of A Basalt Magma: Mafic

    Uploaded by

    SMITH OFIME
    As a basalt magma cools, minerals crystallize out of the magma in a predictable order determined by its temperature and composition. Olivine forms at the highest temperatures near 1200°C, followed by pyroxene and plagioclase as the magma cools further. More polymerized minerals like amphibole, biotite and feldspars form at even lower temperatures, until quartz crystallizes from felsic rhyolitic magmas near 750°C, resulting in a continuous range of volcanic rock types from mafic basalts to felsic rhyolites.

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    Bowens's Reaction Series for Cooling of a Basalt Magma

    Magma Silicate Gas Content Degree of Silica (SiO2) Minerals Crystallizing from Magma Volcanic Rock
    Temp. Structure of Magma Polymerization of Magma Discontinuous Series Continuous Series Rock Type Color

    ~1200°C
    island Olivine komatiite
    Ca-rich Plagioclase mafic

    single Pyroxene basalt


    chain

    increasing
    increasing

    double
    increasing

    chain Amphibole
    decreasing

    andesite

    sheet Biotite (mica)

    Na-rich Plagioclase
    rhyolite
    framework felsic
    Potassium feldspar
    Quartz
    ~750°C

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