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Ashley Renee Pendell

Professor Tim Waggoner

21.SU.ENG.1201.502. English Composition II

24, July 2021

Research Essay

What are the Benefits of Medical Marijuana?

There are multiple people around the world and in the United States, who have found the

multitude of benefits that stem from medical marijuana. It has been quite a fight through the

years to get to where we are today with medical marijuana. It has not been an easy road. With a

lot of scientific clinical trials, a lot of people who doubted that this would even work, or even had

any benefits at all, we made it, and it has been joyous. There is still a lot of work to be done

though, as the work is never done in this field. Let us dive a little deeper into what are the

benefits of medical marijuana?

According to www.Cincinnati.com | The Enquirer, Ohio currently has 25 medical

conditions that qualify someone to get a medical marijuana card. Those 25 medical conditions

are as follows: “AIDS, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Alzheimer’s Disease, Cachexia, Cancer,

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, Crohn’s Disease, Epilepsy or another seizure Disorder,

Fibromyalgia, Glaucoma, Hepatitis C, Huntington’s Disease, IBD (Inflammatory Bowel

Disease), Multiple Sclerosis, Pain that is either chronic or severe or intractable, Parkinson’s

Disease, Positive for HIV, Post-Traumatic Cell Disorder”, PTSD, “Sickle Cell Anemia,

Spasticity, Spinal Cord Disease or Injury, Terminal Illness, Tourette’s Syndrome, Traumatic
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Brain Injury, and Ulcerative Colitis”. A lot of people think that 25 is a lot to qualify someone for

a medical marijuana card. Yet, there are also a lot of people that think this is not enough, and

there needs to be more qualifying conditions added. I have heard that people want more added to

the list of qualifying conditions, such as autism, anxiety, diabetes, and depression, just to name a

few.

For a quick history on marijuana as medicine: “In 2737 BC, the Chinese discovered

medical use marijuana and documenting the plant as having healing properties for anti-

inflammatory properties and rheumatism. 1850, cannabis is then included in the United States

Pharmacopoeia as being useful for ailments such as nerve pain, gout, and seizure disorders.

1970, the U.S. Controlled Substances Act classified marijuana as a substance I drug, equivalent

to heroin and LSD in its addictiveness and propensity for abuse. 1988, scientists discovered an

endogenous (internal) cannabinoid receptor, CB1, in the human body. A few years later they

found CB2. These discoveries led to an understanding of our internally regulated cannabinoid

system: the endocannabinoid system. 1996, California became the first state to permit legal

access to, and use of, botanical cannabis for medicinal purposes under physician supervision (aka

the Compassionate Use Act). 2020, Marijuana is legal for medicinal use in 33 U.S. states, and

the District of Columbia. However, at the federal level, The Drug Enforcement Administration

still classifies marijuana as a schedule I drug, meaning it is illegal.”

(www.PracticalPainManagement.com)

In 2018, many countries were still trying to legalize cannabis. As multiple parts of the

U.S. had already legalized it for medicinal use, there were still many countries that had not had

that chance to experience what the medicinal uses for medical marijuana were. Many people
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were still holding out hope. As well as many people were losing hope. According to

www.BBC.com in 2018, “Mexico’s new government plans to legalize recreational cannabis use,

as does the incoming government of Luxembourg. Meanwhile, New Zealand’s Prime Minister

Jacinda Arden is considering a referendum on what its approach should be.”

There have been research studies done with cancer and AIDS patients, taking THC

capsules and smoking marijuana, as to see which is better at alleviating symptoms on nausea,

pain and helping with their appetite. In one article “Marijuana as a Medicine” they talk about

glaucoma patients getting new drugs, MS patients, AIDS patients, anti-cancer chemotherapy

patients and cancer patients. This article was first published in 1997. It is stating there are THC

capsules out on the market and asking if it is better for these patients to take these capsules, or

smoke marijuana? What will give them the full benefit for, or to relieve/alleviate, or help their

symptoms the most? Or even if, at all? “Conventional analgesics can do little to ease this burning

sensation – which seems to be similar to the phantom pain often suffered by amputees – but

some sufferers say that a joint at bedtime makes the difference between their sleeping and not

doing so. That study there has been of marijuana for MS – and it is not much – suggests they

could be right. The fourth use - marijuana’s well-known ability to stimulate the appetite- is

particularly significant in the treatment of AIDS. Again, smoking appears to be better than taking

THC in capsule form.”

In the article “From marijuana to medicine” written by John A. Benson Jr., they do state

that: “The Institute of Medicine as released medical research findings that attest to the medical

benefits of moderate marijuana smoking in effectively treating pain, nausea, vomiting, AIDS-
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related appetite loss and even short-term treatment for glaucoma.” This article was published in

the Spring of 1999. The article does continue to say marijuana should continue to be tested

“rigorously in clinical trials.” The article also goes on to say that “the only cannabinoid-based

drug on the market right now is Marinol. It is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug

Administration for nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy and for loss of appetite

that leads to serious weight loss among people with AIDS, but it takes about an hour to take

effect.” With all the research done since 1999, we have come a long way. Even with Marinol

being out on the market, and being approved by the FDA, medical marijuana still seems like the

best practical medicine with less side effects than a prescription drug.

Instead of smoking marijuana there is an alternative and not only do they sell THC free

marijuana but there are many options. They have CBD gummies, and CBD flower that you can

also smoke if you would like. As you know, the THC is what typically gets you the (high) from

the flower. CBD has a ton of properties in it but does not give you the (high) that you would

typically get if it had the THC in it. The THC is extracted from the CBD flower. CBD has

exceptional healing properties as well. They also sell THC, CBD, and THC/CBD patches also.

The THC/CBD patches have both the THC & CBD healing properties combined in them.

According to www.AARP.com “edibles take from 30 minutes to four hours to take effect.”

Usually, it only takes about 30-45 minutes to take effect, especially if you eat something fatty or

greasy with it. They tend to soak up better that way. “…then the effects last six to eight hours.”

Everyone is different though. There are people (like myself) who they have no effect on. Then,

there are people who they have a huge effect on. It just depends on the person. Edibles are also

great for people who have diabetes also. They can carry them with them (the CBD ones
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especially) and when their sugar drops, they can take one, or two. They are typically covered in

sugar, so it helps bring their sugar up quickly and gives them medicine at the same time.

Sometimes they are also offered in a chocolate bar as well. They are greatly beneficial for the

right people.

There are copious amounts of people in the world who get easily addicted to opiates,

certain kinds of pain killers, or even other kinds of prescription drugs, such as anti-depressants,

that are extremely hard to get off of. Once prescribed these prescription drugs by doctors, and

then being tiered up dose after dose, and then being on such a high dose, and finally either the

doctor or the patient wants, or needs to be taken off the prescribed drug, some of these

prescription drugs are like coming off of heroin. It is a withdrawal process that it states on the

medication pamphlet, as you go through the process, that your “withdrawal” process

“experience” is going to feel like an experience of like you are withdrawing from heroin. To be

on medical marijuana, rather than these prescribed drugs where the withdrawal process is almost

like a feeling of death, is much better than being on prescription opiates, prescription pain killers,

or even prescription anti-depressants. According to Dr. Peter Grinspoon, M.D., Harvard Medical

School Instructor, on the www.AARP.com website video, he stated: “if they are using it instead of

opiates for pain, it’s much safer than that. While cannabis is not without its harms, and side-

effects, it’s almost always safer than what else you would be using.”

I was prescribed an anti-depressant for my major depression. The doctor kept upping the

dosage thinking it would help. I had already tried and failed other prescription drugs and one that

made me pass out a few times. That prescription that I was on, one of my friends had found me
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in his spare bedroom apartment floor, face down on the floor in front of a fan, completely passed

out. This same prescription drug I was still on; on Fourth of July one year, he and one of my

other friends had a bag of ice on my neck and had to keep me from passing out as well. I don’t

remember that incident much. Nor the one where he found me on his bedroom floor. Apparently,

it had happened a few times that I didn’t know about.

The new prescription anti-depressant I was prescribed felt like it wasn’t working either, it

wasn’t doing the job, only making things worse and I needed something else, something

different. So, I had asked to be taken off this medication also. This is one of those pamphlets that

said my “withdrawal” process “experience” was going to feel like I was going to be withdrawing

from heroin. I couldn’t believe what I was reading. That there was a drug that could possibly be

prescribed to you that when you stop using it and tier down off it, that it could do that to

someone. They have detox centers for this prescribed drug. Now, mind you, I have never done

heroin, or stuck a needle in my arm, other than when a doctor or nurse has done so when it has

been needed, for a medical procedure, or in a hospital setting for testing purposes. Nor will I ever

intend to stick a needle in my arm other than for medical purposes. My mom went and picked up

my prescriptions one day and saw how many they had me on and that was enough for her to put

an end to it all. It was a sad realization I think, for her to see what all the doctor had me on. How

many actual bottles of pills they had me taking, at such a young age especially. She had talked to

someone who told her the benefits of medical marijuana and what it could do for me. How it

could help me, so she helped me get the things I needed for my appointment. After my

appointment, I was still going through this withdrawal process. I went to the dispensary and was

able to come home and the experience of being able to use medical marijuana while going
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through this withdrawal process made things so much easier. Without medical marijuana, I don’t

know where I would be. Medical marijuana has saved me on so many occasions. I also have

debilitating migraines that make me extremely sick and put me down for the count. I have

chronic pain as well, and medical marijuana is always there to help. Pain, nausea, migraines,

major depression, intense anxiety, panic attacks, and when I’ve been sick as well, it has also been

a huge help. There are so many beneficial and healing properties to medical marijuana.

Unfortunately, there are skeptics out there that don’t believe medical marijuana is good

for you. Or even should be legalized for medicinal purposes. There are a lot of biased opinions

out about marijuana itself, let alone medical marijuana and the amazing benefits and healing

properties of it. There are alternative voices on the other side of the issue, such as Fox News

personality and Washington Post columnist, the late Charles Krauthammer. His excerpt “Pot as

Medicine” from The Washington Post, he stated the following: “Glaucoma? It boarders on

malpractice to give marijuana for glaucoma.” Mr. Krauthammer, who was Jewish, was known

for his controversial beliefs, such as not believing in God, and his opinion on the two-state

solution for peace between Israel and the Palestinians. In his article he also goes on to say,

“Anyone who has worked with drug abusers knows the havoc marijuana – particularly as a

gateway drug such as cocaine and heroin - can wreak havoc in lives of kids.” I don’t think he

realized that medical marijuana is not going to lead people to harder drugs like heroin and LSD.

He passed away at the age of 68 from cancer. (New York Times, Sam Roberts)

(https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/21/obituaries/charles-krauthammer-prominent-conservative-

voice-dies-at-68.html) I firmly believe that he could have benefited from the healing benefits of

medical marijuana. There have been studies shown that medical marijuana reduces tumors in
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cancer patients that are prescribed along with additional prescribed drugs. Although, he goes on

to say in his article, “For the terminally ill, let them take marijuana – or LSD or heroin or

whatever else they want. But only the terminally ill.” He came from a psychiatric background,

but he did not support medical marijuana, or any of its healing benefits. Although, we respected

Mr. Krauthammer’s opposing viewpoint and opinion when he was alive, I can speak from

experience of the benefits and healing experiences that have greatly helped others. A lot of

medical marijuana patients are not looking for heroin or LSD as Mr. Krauthammer thought.

From the book “Marijuana as Medicine” they quote Mary Lynn Mathre, R.N.

(Registered Nurse) as saying, “The cannabis plant (marijuana) … [has] therapeutic benefits and

could ease the suffering of millions or persons with various illnesses such as AIDS, cancer,

glaucoma, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, chronic pain and other maladies. – From the

editor’s introduction to Cannabis in Medical Practice, by Mary Lynn Mathre.” A registered

nurse back between 1996 and 1999 knew the medical benefits, scientific properties and

therapeutic benefits that medical marijuana had already been providing for people with multiple

ailments. She knew what this medicine could do for people all around the world, and the benefits

that stemmed from it. The book also goes on to say that, “Scientists who study marijuana and its

effects on the human body largely agree about the risks posed by its use as well as the potential

benefits it may provide. That is what researchers at the Institute of Medicine (IOM) learned when

they undertook the study on which this book is based.” Everyone behind the fight for legalizing

marijuana as medicine, has always known that we have needed to do rigorous testing and trials.

They have also known that there has needed to be scientific studies to back up those trials and

testing data stats. If there wasn’t anything scientific involved, no one would have gone for it.
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That’s where we needed the scientists, the doctors, the Harvard medical specialists, to come in

and tell everyone the pros and cons of the medical side of marijuana.

It has always been much safer than opiates, pain killers and a lot of prescription drugs.

“Aspirin tablets contain a pure measured dose of medicine, so they can be relied on to give

consistent and predictable results.” Yet, if someone takes too many, it can cause stomach

bleeding, ulcers, kidney problems and a slew of other sorts of medical problems. A chance, that

even if someone takes too many Aspirin, they could ruin kidneys and liver and must be on

dialysis for the rest of their lives. How is that even safe? There are people that have overdosed on

Aspirin tablets and even died. It is not possible to overdose on medical marijuana though.

Someone could take or eat too much, as in eating too many gummies, or maybe too much of the

chocolate bar if someone’s system can’t handle edibles well, and that may make someone sick.

Usually that person just sleeps it off though and then they feel fine. But nothing bad ever

happens. They don’t need their stomach pumped nor will their stomach bleed from it. The only

time someone can overdose on marijuana, is if it is not medical marijuana, and the marijuana is

laced with something else like fentanyl, heroin or even something else. Sometimes they lace

marijuana with pesticides as well, and that’s when things can get deadly. That’s only when

you’re not purchasing medical marijuana though when the marijuana comes laced.

There was a mother back in 1989, according to The New York Times published November

25, 1994 (https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A174487263/OVIC?u=dayt30401&sid=bookmark-

OVIC&xid=3d4445b3) that had attempted suicide in her early teens with Aspirin. In 1994, court

documents filed by prosecutors showed she was charged in the murder of the drowning of her
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two sons. The documents also showed she attempted suicide twice as a teenager. The article

stated, “she was charged with murder in the drownings of her two sons. She had attempted

suicide twice as a teenager by trying to take an overdose of Aspirin, court documents filed by

prosecutors show.” Her first suicide was when she was only 13. Her second suicide attempt with

Aspirin was when she was 18 and she was hospitalized for it. “Mrs. Smith was hospitalized for a

week in November of 1989 when she was 18 after a suicide attempt.” This shows how easily it is

for anyone to go and purchase Aspirin off the counters in huge bottles, go home and take a

handful, or the whole bottle in order to attempt suicide. This is in addition to all the other pain

killers and other prescription drugs and over the counter drugs that are out there that one can

overdose on that are way more harmful than medical marijuana.

For people treating their ailments and pains, the use of marijuana as medicine dates back

to at least hundreds of years. This is a common practice to using marijuana as a topical medicine,

especially over in other countries. I have personally watched many documentaries of other

countries using marijuana as medicine, using the marijuana leaves in a brewed tea form, as well

as using the marijuana leaves for a topical medicine, and even smoking the herb to help heal their

ailments. According to www.ScienceDirect.Com, The Journal of Pain on “Short-and Long-Term

Effects of Cannabis on Headache and Migraine” they did a study on both men and women

“suggesting a significant reduction in migraine severity from before to after cannabis use.” Their

findings were clearly significant. It didn’t seem to matter if you were female or male, but the

findings were still neck and neck with each other on both genders. The men had an 87.3%

reduction rating after using cannabis. The women had an 88.6% reduction rating after using

cannabis. This is just in their migraines while using medical marijuana. “Headache ratings were
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reduced by 47.3%.” That is astonishing what medical marijuana can do for headaches and

migraines. With just those percentages on headaches and migraines, imagine what it could for

the rest of your body, your pain, suffering, and other ailments.

What are the benefits of medical marijuana? With the scientific research that has been

done to prove the beneficial properties provided by medical marijuana, and in the help of the

legalization process, we have made a lot of headway. Medical marijuana has been proven to

reduce, if not completely receive nausea, reduce headaches and migraines, reduce chronic pain,

help with insomnia, help with appetite and many more healing properties and benefits. Medical

marijuana has also proven to be much safer than being on opiates, as well as many other pain

killers or even copious amounts of other prescription drugs. Opiates, pain killers and many

prescription drugs are addicting and extremely hard to get off of. It can take years for someone to

get off of a prescribed drug once they get prescribed it. Especially being prescribed a pain killer

after a surgery. Many people get addicted to those prescribed pills and don’t know what to do.

They get passed off to detox centers, and a lot of times lose their families because of that. In

those situations, medical marijuana can help them with that. Medical marijuana can help them

get off those prescribed drugs that they are on, as those patients are usually in chronic pain. Also,

it can help them keep their family together as well. That’s one of the qualifying medical

conditions to get your medical marijuana card, is chronic pain. Are there medical benefits to

marijuana? Definitely. Can marijuana be used as medicine? With the scientific research that has

been done, and all of the clinical trials, it has been proven that marijuana is, has been, and can be

used as medicine. Medical marijuana has many healing benefits, and speaking from experience,

it has saved me on many occasions, and I don’t know where I would be without it.
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Alfie Dingley's mother Hannah Deacon said cannabis oil helped manage his epilepsy

Dr. Collins, John, “Why are so many countries now saying cannabis is, OK?” BBC NEWS

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-46374191 Accessed: December 11, 2018.

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