Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Design Examples... : Design Example of Conventional Activated Sludge Process..
Design Examples... : Design Example of Conventional Activated Sludge Process..
For a faster
connecting, in the other words, for your convenience, tables were marked by the icon : , instead of themselves... You
will find the content of the table just after this icon... To access the table you want, just click on the explanatory item
coloured in red... In addition, all the other pics have thumbnails... Just click on them for larger size...
Design Examples...
Design Example of Conventional Activated Sludge Process...
An activated sludge system is to be used for secondary treatment of 10,000 m3/day of municipal wastewater. After
primary clarification, the BOD is 150 mg/L, and it is desired to have not more than 5 mg/L of soluble BOD in the effluent. A
completely mixed reactor is to be used, and pilot - plant analysis has established the following kinetic values ;
Y = 0.5 kg / kg
kd = 0.05 1 / day
Assuming an MLSS concentration of 3,000 mg/L and an underflow concentration of 10,000 mg/L from the secondary
clarifier, determine ;
"Schematic Diagram of the System"...
Solution...
"Reactor Volume"...
"Excess Solids"...
"Mass Balance"...
Solution...
Data...
Solution...
1. Biodegradable portion of effluent biological solids = (0.65)(20 mg/L) = 13.0 mg/L
2. Ultimate BOD of the biodegradable effluent solids = (13.0 mg/L)(1.42 mg/mg) = 18.5 mg/L
3. BOD5 of effluent suspended solids = (18.5 mg/L)(0.68) = 12.6 mg/L
4. Influent soluble BOD5 escaping treatment = 20.0 mg/L - 12.6 mg/L = 7.4 mg/L
5. Tank volume = (3,800 m3/day)(1.0 day) / 0.60 = 6,333.33 m3
6. MLVSS = (3,800 m3/day)(250 g/m3)(10- 3 kg/g) / (6,333.33 m3)(0.1 kg/kg.day) = 1,497 g/m3
7. Total SS in the reactor = (200 - 150 mg/L) + (1,497 mg/L) / 0.80 = 1,921 mg/L
8. The mass of VSS in the reactor = (6,333.33 m3)(1,497 g/m3)(10-3 kg/g) = 9,481 kg
9. The total mass of SS in the reactor = (6,333.33 m3)(1,921 g/m3)(10-3 kg/g) = 12,166 kg
"Mass of SS in the Reactor"...
"Solid Production"...
10. The net mass of VSS in the system at the beginning of 1st day = (0.65)(250 - 7.4 g/m3)(10-3 kg/g)(3,800 m3/day) -
(0.05 1/day)(9,481 kg) = 125 kg/day
11. The mass of inert SS added in 1st day = (200 - 150 g/m3)(10-3 kg/g)(3,800 m3/day) = 190 kg/day
12. The mass of SS at the end of 1st day = 12,166 kg/day+125 kg/day / 0.80+190 kg/day = 12,512 kg
Results...
Day BOD (mg/L) Px (kg/day) SSi (kg/day) VSST (kg/day) SST (kg/day)
1 250 125 190 9,590 12,512
2 400 487 190 10,077 13,289
3 400 462 190 10,539 14,055
4 400 439 190 10,978 14,794
5 400 417 190 11,395 15,505
6 250 27 190 11,422 15,728
7 250 26 190 11,448 15,950
"Oxygen Requirement"...
"Results of the Column Analysis"...
The influent concentration of MLSS is 3,000 mg/L, and the flow rate is 8,000 m3/day. Determine the size of the clarifier
that will thicken the solids to 10,000 mg/L.
Solution...
1. Calculate the solids flux from the above data : G = MLSS (kg/m3) . Velocity (m/h)
"Results of the Solid Flux"...
2. Plot solids flux vs. MLSS concentration as shown below. Draw a line from the desired underflow concentration, 10,000
mg/L, tangent to the curve and intersecting the ordinate. The value of G at the intersection, 2.4 kg/m2.h, is the limiting flux
rate and governs the thickening function.
"Solid Flux vs MLSS Concentration"...
SQRT[(4/3.14)(416.7 m2)] = 23 m
Result...
Because 275 m2 < 416.7 m2, the thickening function governs the design.
Result
Parameter
Value Unit
Influent parameters
Population equivalent 45,000 pe
Average daily flow 11,500 m3 / day
Average daily flow 133 L/s
Peaking factor 1.80 -
Design flow 863 m3 / hr
Design flow 240 L/s
PWWF 25,000 m3 / day
PWWF 289 L/s
PWWF 1,042 m3 / hr
BOD design load 3,150 kg / day
Aeration tank
F/M 0.05 kg BOD / kg MLSS . day
MLSS concentration 4,000 mg / L
Aeration volume required 15,750 m3
HRT @ avg flow 32.9 hr
HRT @ design flow 18.3 hr
Approximate tank size
Depth 4.0 m
Width 35.0 m
Length 112.5 m
Secondary clarifier
SVI 150 g / mL
Sludge volume load 0.06 m3 / m2 . day
Surface area required 8,625 m2
Overflow rate 0.10 m3 / m2 . hr
Diameter 104.8 m
Average depth 3.5 m
Volume 30,188 m3
HRT @ average flow 6.3 hr
HRT @ design flow 3.5 hr
Sludge handling
Sludge production rate 0.95 kg TS / kg BOD
Sludge production 2,993 kg TS / day
Days storage in aeration
2.6 by incr. MLSS by 0.5 kg / m3 .
tank day
Days storage in aeration
5.3 by incr. MLSS by 1.0 kg / m3 .
tank day
Volume @ 0.8 % 374 m3 / day
HRT thickener 18.0 day
Volume thickener 6,733 m3
Height 4.0 m
Diameter 46.3 m
HRT @ 2 % 45 hr
Volume @ 3 % 99.8 m3 / day
HRT 67 day
Dewatering capacity 15.0 m3 / hr
Dewatering duration 46.6 hr / week
Dewatering volume @ 18 % 16.6 m3