ATMOSPHERE

ATMOSPHERE
The envelope of air surrounding the earth is called the
atmosphere.
COMPOSITION
Lowest and densest layer of the atmosphere.
Extends upto height 16kms =equator, 8kms = poles
All weather phenomena occur in troposphere.
Contains dust particles & water vapour.
Temp falls with increase in height.
 2nd layer of the atmosphere.

 Average altitude= 11 to 50 kms.

 Most of the ozone is contained here.

 Meteors entering the earth’s atmosphere get burnt here.

 Long distance aircrafts fly in lower part of this layer.

 3rd layer of the atmosphere.

 Occurs between stratosphere and thermosphere.

 Lies 50-80 Km above the Earth’s surface.

 Coldest atmospheric layer.

 Temp falls with elevation in this layer.

 Meteors burns while entering the Earth’s atmosphere.

 4th layer of the atmosphere.

 Lies 80-600 Km above the Earth’s surface.

 Located highest above the Earth’s surface.

 Hottest layer in the atmosphere.

 Thermosphere

Ionosphere Exosphere
 Ionosphere reflects the radio signals back to the earth thus
making radio communications possible.
 Upper portion of the thermosphere.

 Acts as a filter to the radiations coming from the

sun.
 Ozone layer forms the thick layer in stratosphere.

 Protects earth from harmful radiations (Ultraviolet

Radiations).
 OZONE LAYER DEPLETION
 The minimum OZONE LAYER DEPLETION is in 2019
 DEPLETION IN OZONE LAYER

• Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) have caused a severe damage in

ozone layer.
• The main cause of ozone depletion and the ozone hole is
manufactured chemicals, especially manufactured halocarbon
refrigerants, solvents, propellants and foam-blowing agents
(chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), (HCFCs), (HALONs), referred to
as ozone-depleting substances (ODS).
 Green house effect

 Natural warming process.

 Carbon di-oxide and other gases are always present in the

atmosphere.

 Human activities such as burning of fossil fuels and clear-cutting

of forests. , have accelerated the greenhouse effect and
caused GLOBAL WARMING
GLOBAL WARMING
 Global warming is the long-term heating of
Earth's climate system, due to human activities, such as fossil
fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas
levels in Earth's atmosphere.
WAYS TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING

 Plant more trees.

 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
 Use Less Heat and Air Conditioning.
 Change your light-bulbs.
 Use Solar vehicles.
 Buy Energy-Efficient Products.
 Use Less Hot Water.