Narrative Report

ST.
VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO

MAMATID, CABUYAO, LAGUNA
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

A NARRATIVE REPORT OF ON-THE-JOB TRAINING AT THE PNP
CABUYAO
Presented to the Faculty of the College of Criminology
St. Vincent College of Cabuyao
Cabuyao City, Laguna
Submitted by:
Garcia, Diosa Lyn T.
SY 2019-2020
ST. VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO
PNP SEAL

Chapter 1
Introduction
As long as there have been people, there has been crime. Criminology is the
study of crime and the criminal element, its causes, and the suppression and prevention
of it. The history of criminology is in many ways the history of humanity. As human
society has evolved over thousands of years, so, too, has our understanding of the
causes of crime and society's responses to it.
In ancient times, the common response to crime was revenge the victim or the
victim’s family would exact what they felt to be an appropriate response to the crime
committed against them. Often, these responses were not measured or proportionate.
The original criminal would often perceive himself as the victim as a result, due to the
actions taken against him that he felt didn't match the crime committed. Blood feuds
often developed that could sometimes last for generations.
Laws that clearly defined crimes and corresponding punishments were
established to both quell crime and to put an end to the blood feuds that resulted from
the victims’ revenge. These early attempts still allowed the victim of a crime to issue
the punishment, but they sought to clarify that a response to a particular crime should be
equal to the severity of the crime itself.


The Code of Hammurabi is one of the earliest of these endeavors, and it's
perhaps the best-known attempt to establish a set punishment scale for crimes. The
principles set out in the code are best described as the “law of retaliation.”
Many of the early ideas about crime and punishment were preserved in the Old
Testament of the Bible in western culture. The concept is most easily recognized as the
expression, “an eye for an eye.” Crime, along with most everything else, was viewed in
the context of religion in early societies. Criminal acts offended the gods or God. Acts
of revenge were therefore justified as a means to appease the gods for the affront
committed against them.
Much of our modern understanding of the relationship between crime and
punishment can be traced to the writings of the Greek philosophers Plato and Aristotle,
although it would take more than a millennium for many of their concepts to take
root. Plato was among the first to theorize that crime was often the result of poor
education. He felt that punishments for crimes should be assessed based on their degree
of fault, allowing for the possibility of mitigating circumstances.
Aristotle developed the idea that responses to crime should attempt to prevent
future acts, both by the criminal and by others who might be inclined to commit crimes.
Punishment for crime should serve as a deterrent to others.


The Roman Republic was first society to develop a comprehensive code of laws,
including criminal codes. The Romans are widely regarded as the true precursors to the
modern legal system, and their influences are still seen today. The Latin language is
preserved in much of our legal terminology in the 21st century.
Rome took a more secular view of crime, viewing criminal acts as an affront to
society rather than God or the gods. It took on the role of determining and delivering
punishment as a governmental function as a means of maintaining an ordered society. A
lack of a strong central authority led to a step backward in attitudes toward crime with
the decline of the Roman Empire.
The introduction and spread of Christianity throughout the west brought a return
to a religious connection between crime and punishment. Criminal acts became thought
of as the works and influences of the devil or Satan. Crimes were equated with sin. In
contrast to ancient times when punishments were often carried out to appease the gods,
punishments were now exacted in the context of "doing God’s work." Harsh
punishments were meant to purge criminals of sin and free them of the influence of the
devil.
Christianity introduced the merits of forgiveness and compassion at the same
time, and views toward crime and punishment began to evolve. Roman Catholic
theologian Thomas Aquinas best expressed these notions in his treatise, “Summa
Theological.”

It was believed that God had established a “natural law,” and crimes violated
that law. Anyone who committed a crime had also committed an act which separated
herself from God. Society began to understand that crimes hurt not only the victim, but
the criminal as well. While criminals were deserving of punishment, they were also to
be pitied because they had placed themselves outside of God’s grace. Although these
ideas were derived from religious studies, the concepts continue to prevail in our secular
views of crime and punishment.
Kings and queens of earlier times claimed their totalitarian authority on the will
of God, taking the position that they had been placed in power by God and were
therefore acting within His will. Crimes against persons, property, and state were all
viewed as crimes against God and as sins. Monarchs claimed to be both of heads of
state and heads of church. Punishment was often swift and cruel, with little regard for
the criminal.
Ideas about crime and punishment took a more secular and humanistic form as
the notion of separation of church and state began to take root. Modern-day criminology
developed out of the study of sociology. Modern criminologists seek to learn the root
causes of crime and to determine how to best address and prevent it. Early
criminologists advocated a rational approach to dealing with crime, pushing against the
abuses by governmental authorities.


In his book, "On Crime and Punishment," Italian writer Cesare Beccaria
advocated for a fixed scale of crime and corresponding punishment based on the
severity of the crime. He suggested that the more severe the crime, the more severe the
punishment should be. Beccaria believed that the role of judges should be limited to
determining guilt or innocence, and that they should issue punishments based on
guidelines set out by the legislatures. Excessive punishments and abusive judges would
be eliminated.
Beccaria also believed that preventing crime was more important than punishing
it. Punishment of crime should therefore serve to scare others away from committing
those crimes. The thought was that the assurance of swift justice would convince
someone otherwise likely to commit a crime to think first about the potential
consequences.
Criminology developed further as sociologists tried to learn the root causes of
crime. They studied both the environment and the individual. Belgian statistician
Adolphe Quetelet looked at similarities between demographics and crime rates with the
first publication of national crime statistics in France in 1827. He compared areas where
higher rates of crime occurred, as well as the age and gender of those who committed
those crimes. He found that the highest numbers of crime were committed by under-
educated, poor, younger males. He also found that more crimes were committed in
wealthier, more affluent geographical areas.


However, the highest rates of crime occurred in wealthy areas that were
physically closest to poorer regions, suggesting that poor individuals would go to
wealthier areas to commit crimes. This demonstrated that crime occurred largely as a
result of opportunity, and it showed a strong correlation between economic status, age,
education, and crime.
Italian psychiatrist Cesare Lombroso studied cause of crime based on individual
biological and psychological characteristics in the late 19th century. Most notably, he
suggested that many career criminals were not as evolved as other members of society.
Lombroso discovered certain physical attributes shared among criminals as well, and
this led him to believe that there was a biological and hereditary element that
contributed to an individual’s potential to commit a crime.
These two lines of thinking biological and environmental have evolved to
complement each other, recognizing both internal and external factors that contribute to
the causes of crime. The two schools of thought formed what is considered the
discipline of modern criminology. Criminologists now study societal, psychological and
biological factors. They make policy recommendations to governments, courts, and
police organizations to assist in preventing crimes.
As these theories were being developed, the evolution of the modern police
force and of our criminal justice system was occurring as well. The purpose of police
was refined to prevent and detect crimes, as opposed to simply react to crimes that had

already been committed. The criminal justice system now serves to punish criminals for
the purpose of deterring future crimes.
The Bachelor of Science in Criminology or Criminal Justice is a four-year
degree program intended for individuals who wish to have a career in the fields of law
enforcement, security administration, crime detection, and prevention of correctional
administration. The program teaches students the various theories, policies, practices,
and laws associated with criminal behavior and the methods applied to manage deviant
activities.
Subjects for Criminology:
 Introduction to Criminology
 Theories of Crime Causation
 Human Behavior and Victimology
 Professional Conduct and Ethical Standards
 Juvenile Delinquency and the Juvenile Justice System
 Dispute Resolution and Incidents Management
 Criminological Research
Program Outcome
Graduates of BS in Criminology are expected to be able to:
 Conduct criminological research on crimes, crime causation, victims, and
offenders to include deviant behavior


 Internalize the concepts of human rights and victim welfare
 Demonstrate competence and broad understanding in law enforcement
administration, public safety, and criminal justice
 Utilize criminalistics or forensic science in the investigation and detection of
crime
 Apply the principles and jurisprudence of criminal law, evidence, and criminal
procedure
 Ensure offenders’ welfare and development of their reintegration to the
community
On-The-Job Training/Internship
During the fourth year of the program, students are required to attend an On the
Job Training (OJT) in university settings, research institutions, prison facilities, or law
enforcement agencies.
Students are given the opportunity to apply their knowledge and skills in an actual
work setting. Usually, universities require them to submit a written report on their tasks,
learning experiences, and hours rendered. Their work performance will also be
evaluated by their immediate managers and will be submitted to their respective OJT
coordinator. The number of hours required may differ in each university.
Board Exam
To become a Licensed Criminologist in the Philippines, a graduate of BS in
Criminology needs to pass the Criminologist Licensure Examination.

The examination is conducted by the Board of Criminology under the supervision of the
Professional Regulations Commission (PRC).
Career Opportunities
Graduates of BS in Criminology may pursue a career path in university settings,
research institutions, prison facilities, or law enforcement agencies. They may apply as
a police patrol officer, forensic photographer, court peace offer, discipline officer, or an
investigator.
Chapter 2
History
Cabuyao, officially the City of Cabuyao, (Tagalog: Lungsod ng Cabuyao) or
simply known as Cabuyao City, is a 1st class city in
the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population
of 308,745 people. It used to be known as the "richest municipality in the Philippines"
because of the large populace of migrants working in the town's industrial
estates. Nestlé Philippines, Asia Brewery, Inc., San Miguel Corporation, Tanduay
Distillers, Inc., Wyeth Philippines, Inc., Procter & Gamble Philippines, Light Industry
and Science Park of the Philippines and Malayan Colleges Laguna have established
factories or are located in Cabuyao. By virtue of Republic Act No. 10163, the
municipality of Cabuyao was converted to a Component City, after the ratification of
a plebiscite held on August 4, 2012.
Cabuyao was once the central part of "Tabuco", a large territory which once
included the modern-day cities of San Pedro, Biñan, Santa Rosa and Calamba. The
name "Cabuyao" came from the kabuyaw tree, Citrus hystrix.
After the colonization of Manila by Miguel Lopez de Legazpi in 1570, he
instructed Capt. Juan de Salcedo to conquer all barangays around the lake of Ba-i,
which is now called Laguna de Bay. Just like the settlement of Ba-i, Tabuco had large
plain area and rich forestry, and the climate was suited to farm crops. On January 16,

1571, it was announced by Lopez de Legazpi that Tabuco be considered
as encomienda or a town under Gaspar Ramirez.
The town of Tabuco was located near the corner of a river and the lake of Ba-i
which was made bancas or raft as the common means of transportation going to the
town of Tabuco. There were many trees of kabuyaw growing around the area. The fruit
of kabuyaw was used as shampoo. So, when the priest asked for the name of the place,
the native females readily answered "kabuyaw", thinking that the priest was asking for
the name of the trees growing around the wharf. From then on, the priests and other
Spanish officials called the town of Tabuco as Cabuyao.
Cabuyao is located 42 kilometres (26 mi) southeast of Metro Manila, at the
western portion of Laguna. It is bordered by the Laguna de Bay, the country's largest
lake, to the north (N), Calamba City to the east (E) with Barangays Uwisan (NE),
Banlic & San Cristobal (E) and Mapagong & Canlubang (SE), some portion of Silang,
Cavite (Barangay Puting Kahoy) to the south (S) and by the Santa Rosa City to the west
(W) with the Barangays Malitlit (SW), Dita (W) and Caingin (NW) respectively.
Cabuyao is 45 kilometres (28 mi) away from Santa Cruz, the provincial capital, and 8
kilometres (5.0 mi) from the city center of Calamba City, the chartered city and regional
center of CALABARZON region.

Historical Highlights
The Philippine National Police (PNP) originated from the Philippine
Constabulary or the PC, which was inaugurated on August 8, 1901, establishing it as an
insular police force under the American regime. On August 8, 1975, Presidential Decree
no. 765 was issued, establishing the Philippine Constabulary Integrated National Police
or the PC/INP as the country’s national police force. These fragmented and diverse
local police units were integrated into a national police force with the Philippine
Constabulary as its nucleus.
After the People’s Revolution in 1986, a new Constitution was promulgated providing
for a police force, which is “national in scope and civilian in character.” Consequently,
Republic Act No. 6975 entitled, “An Act Establishing the Philippine National Police
under a Reorganized Department of the Interior and Local government (DILG),” was
signed into law on December 13, 1990, which took effect on January 1, 1991.
Subsequently, the PNP was operational on January 29, 1991, whose members were
formerly the PC and the INP and the absorption of the selected members from the major
service units of the Armed Forces of the Philippines such as the Philippine Air Force
Security Command, the Philippine Coast Guard, Philippine Navy, and the Philippine
Army.
Thus, to further strengthen the PNP into a highly efficient and competent police force,
Republic Act No. 8551 entitled “PNP Reform and the Reorganization Act of 1998” was
enacted on February 17, 1998, amending certain provisions of Republic Act No. 6975.

Pursuant to Republic Act No. 6975 as amended by Republic Act No. 8551, The
PNP in under the administrative control and operational supervision of the National
Police Commission. Meanwhile, the NAPOLCOM is an attached agency of the
Department of the Interior and Local Government for policy and program coordination.
The Secretary of the Interior and Local government is mandated to be the Ex- Officio
Chairman of NAPOLCOM.
The Police Provincial Offices have their respective Provincial Public Safety
Companies (PPSC) which is utilized primarily for internal security operations (ISO).
The number of platoons in a Provincial Public Safety Company is dependent on the
existing peace and order situation in the province concerned.
Finally, a total of 1,766 Police Stations are established nationwide and they are
categorized as follows: 90 Component City Police Stations and 1,507 Municipal Police
Stations under the Police Provincial Offices, 131 Police Stations under the City Police
Offices, and 38 Police Stations/City Police Stations in the National Capital Regional
Police Office which serve as the main operating arms of the PNP for the anti-criminality
campaign.
CABUYAO CITY POLICE STATION (PNP CABUYAO)
Mission

Enforce the law, prevent and control crimes, maintain peace
and order, and ensure public safety and internal security with
the active support of the community.
Vision
Imploring the aid of the almighty, by 2030, we shall be a
highly capable, effective and credible police service working
in partnership with a responsive community towards the
attainment of a safer place to live, work, and do business.
PHILOSOPHY
Karangalan, Katarungan, Kalayaang
Silbi
CORE VALUES
Makadiyos
Makabayan
Makatao
Makakalikasan
Integridad
Pananagutan
Pagkakapantay-Pantay
Chapter 3
ACTUAL PHOTOS TAKEN DURING ON-THE-JOB TRAINING WITH
CAPTIONS

Cabuyao City Police Station
With PLTCOL REYCON L GARDUQUE

Our first day in

PNP Cabuyao
with Pat Rivera &
PSSg Carandang
They assist
us for how to investigate
in investigation section.
PSSg Carandang teach us those crime that mostly they encountered and
they let
us see
how to do
a
criminal case report and folder.


Every Tuesday and Thursday we are conducting a physical fitness which is

Zumba for the BMI of our police officers. With PLTCOL Garduque.

PEMS Gadayan, Briefing us for incoming seminar about the CPP-NDF-
NPA.
PEMS Gadayan Discuss why does the CPP-NDF-NPA target the youths and
student. PEMS Gadayan shared their knowledge to us, to know what those thing
that may happen when we encourage those groups and if we will be a part of their
activities. PEMS Gadayan discuss this topic to us so we can share this to our
family, friends and to those students that we all know.

PEMS Gadayan, PSSg Rodriguez, and Pat Asis Conduct a Seminar in our
school St. Vincent College of Cabuyao About the “KABATAAN KONTRA
DRUGS AT TERRORISMO”
First of all we are assign in “Women’s and Children Protection Desk”
(WCPD) with my buddy Jezreel Mendiola. But there are times that we are not
allowed in the WCPD because there are some case that is delicate to know. So we
are allowed to explore and to observe in other section in the PNP Cabuyao Station.
We are just come inside when they needed us.

PLT
Dalisay and other police officer conduct a checkpoint in PULO Cabuyao and they
PEMS Manalo teach me how to write a police blotter report and she guide me to
know the arrangement of the report.

Cabuyao PNP Station had proper investigation from the IAS/PPO

Every Friday we are having a flag lowering in City hall. With PNPA.

PEMS CESPO EVANGHELISTA Allowed us to attend seminar in brgys,
about the
MRF in
Brgys
in
Cabuyao.
PSSg Rodriguez, PEMS Gadayan, PEMS CESPO Evanghelista and
PLTCOL Garduque, allowed us to observe in their seminar in Brgy Niugan About
their badac, parking, and curfew in their brgy.


Our Last day in OJT in Cabuyao Police Station, Regards to all of police
officer there also PLTCOL REYCON L GARDUQUE who encourage us to know
more and to follow our dreams and goals to do the best that we can. To wait until
we become. THANKYOU!

Chapter 4
Problems Encountered
Problem 1: Unnoticed Work
It goes without saying that one does well in any field because they expect
recognition. As an intern, you might be doing very good but still, find yourself in a
position where your part is hardly appreciated. That can clearly be somewhat
discouraging.
Problem 2: Uncooperative Mentor
How much you learn from your internships depend largely on your mentor. If
your mentor takes you seriously and helps you learn, your internship can be truly
productive. But on the contrary, if they are uncooperative, it can be one of the greatest
internship challenges for you to face.
Problem 3: Issues with Time Management / Self-Management
It’s your first job kind of experience. Reaching late for classes and late
submissions of assignments was tolerated by your college professors.
But in a professional workspace it isn’t acceptable and hence managing time can
be really difficult for you. A balance between work, academics, and personal life also
seems to be a challenge.

Problem 4: Allotment of trivial work
This is one of the commonest internship challenges faced by a large number
of interns. While you might expect to be an important part of the organization, you
are often offered just assisting jobs to your seniors and mentors.
Problem 5: Inadequate Compensation
You accepted an internship thinking that there won’t be much pressure and the
compensation would be sufficient for it. But after you actually start, you realize the pay
is far lesser than the work deserves.
Problem 6: Hesitant to Ask Questions
Communication is one of those internship challenges that can actually hinder
your internship time. You might land a really good internship but upon starting you
realize that the work environment is excessively grave and professional. In such an
environment, you find it difficult to ask questions for the fear of being judged.
Problem7: Competitive Co-interns
Your co-interns are high-spirited and work really hard. You feel intimidated as
you didn’t expect your internship to be so competitive.


Problem 8: Overwhelmed with Work
Many firms hire lesser interns than required and put up the entire work load on
the few. If you happen to join such firms, you will feel overwhelmed to be trusted with
so much work when you aren’t even familiar to working in a professional setting.
RECOMMENDATION
1. The solution to such internship challenges is to understand that hard work
doesn’t get unnoticed for long. It might get ignored the first time, the second
time, but perseverance is the key. If you continuously perform well your work
can’t be overlooked. So, don’t feel dejected and keep up the good work. It is
quite likely when you are new to the organization and are expected to be there
for a brief time period.
2. If your mentor isn’t much into spreading knowledge, you will probably need to
extract it out of them. Make a list of questions and doubts and ask them in one
go as bothering them frequently can also change their attitude towards you.
However, if it doesn’t work either way, you can ask the concerned authorities
for a new mentor.
3. This isn’t something you can learn overnight. Self-management can be achieved
only through habit forming and by adopting a more organized living.


4. You might find your work unimportant but in reality, nothing is inconsequential
if it matters somewhere in the work cycle of the company. Yes, if you are just
making coffee for everyone, you need to take a step. Otherwise, it is quite
normal to start with less-risky work. However, if you do well, you will soon be
trusted by the authorities and allotted with better assignments and projects.
5. You might feel that you and a full-time employee is doing the same amount of
work still you are being paid so less. But interns are under a short-term contract
and are paid less almost everywhere. If you are getting enough learning
experiences and it is adding to your candidature for the future, there is no harm
forfeiting some of it. But if you think it is insufficient to meet your day to day
expenses, get in touch with the HR and ask for a raise.
6. Don’t worry! Everybody out there knows that you are an intern. They are
serious about their work but do not expect you to know everything. So, just be
calm and concentrate on your own tasks.
7. Contrary to what it looks like, competitive co-interns make your experience a
better one. You will get to feel the real pressure to work better and get noticed
instead of just doing random work and completing your internship duration.
Take part in the competition and make the most of your internship experience.
8. Maybe because you are new and do not get the directions easily, you feel that
the work is too much. Wait for a week or two to decide if it is so.

If you think the work load is taking a toll on your performance and personal
health, Get in touch with your mentor/senior and talk to them about it.
CONCLUSION
These are the common internship challenges that are faced by students doing
internships. But if you really dig into it, they aren’t that grave or unsolvable. Adjusting
into a new place is always difficult, but if you are patient enough, you can overcome the
challenges within no time.

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ST.

VINCENT COLLEGE OF CABUYAO

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

Presented to the Faculty of the College of Criminology

St. Vincent College of Cabuyao

Cabuyao City, Laguna

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

causes of crime and society's responses to it.

committed against them. Often, these responses were not measured or proportionate.

often developed that could sometimes last for generations.

Laws that clearly defined crimes and corresponding punishments were

equal to the severity of the crime itself.

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

committed against them.

Much of our modern understanding of the relationship between crime and

of fault, allowing for the possibility of mitigating circumstances.

Punishment for crime should serve as a deterrent to others.

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

preserved in much of our legal terminology in the 21st century.

punishment as a governmental function as a means of maintaining an ordered society. A

the decline of the Roman Empire.

Christianity introduced the merits of forgiveness and compassion at the same

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

views of crime and punishment.

viewed as crimes against God and as sins. Monarchs claimed to be both of heads of

developed out of the study of sociology. Modern criminologists seek to learn the root

abuses by governmental authorities.

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

determining guilt or innocence, and that they should issue punishments based on

it. Punishment of crime should therefore serve to scare others away from committing

Criminology developed further as sociologists tried to learn the root causes of

wealthier, more affluent geographical areas.

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

physically closest to poorer regions, suggesting that poor individuals would go to

education, and crime.

Italian psychiatrist Cesare Lombroso studied cause of crime based on individual

biological and psychological characteristics in the late 19th century. Most notably, he

Lombroso discovered certain physical attributes shared among criminals as well, and

contributed to an individual’s potential to commit a crime.

These two lines of thinking biological and environmental have evolved to

discipline of modern criminology. Criminologists now study societal, psychological and

biological factors. They make policy recommendations to governments, courts, and

police organizations to assist in preventing crimes.

As these theories were being developed, the evolution of the modern police

force and of our criminal justice system was occurring as well. The purpose of police

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

the purpose of deterring future crimes.

The Bachelor of Science in Criminology or Criminal Justice is a four-year

enforcement, security administration, crime detection, and prevention of correctional

Subjects for Criminology:

 Theories of Crime Causation

 Human Behavior and Victimology

 Professional Conduct and Ethical Standards

 Juvenile Delinquency and the Juvenile Justice System

 Dispute Resolution and Incidents Management

Graduates of BS in Criminology are expected to be able to:

 Conduct criminological research on crimes, crime causation, victims, and

offenders to include deviant behavior

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CRIMINOLOGY

 Demonstrate competence and broad understanding in law enforcement

administration, public safety, and criminal justice