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 VOCABULARY Collocations with listen
A ffiffi Complete the sentences. Circle the correct words. Then listen and check your answers.

1 The students all listened (carefully / sympathetically) as the teacher explained what to do.

2 All the voters listened (anxiously / politely) as the winner of the election was announced.
3 Despite the fact that the speech was much too long, everyone listened (patiently / anxiously).
4 The children listened (effectively / with great interest) to the storyteller.
5 A good doctor should listen (sympathetically / with half an ear) to patients' complaints.
6 We are often told to respect our elders and to listen (politely / reluctantly) to what they have to say'
ffi Work with a partner. Take turns asking how you would listen in the following situations. Choose from the
collocations in A, and give reasons for your choices.

1 You are at an airport and there is an announcement about a delay to your flight.
2 You are at a soccer match and the national anthem is being played.

3 A close friend is giving you relationship advice even though you didn't ask for it'
4 You are aI a conference and the speaker is using technical jargon that you don't understand'

lf you're at an airport and there's an announcement about a delay, how would you listen?

l'd listen really ..., loecause ...

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LANGUAGE FOCUS Learning to listen

I ffiIfs Read the information. Which fact do you find most surprising?

INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT SffiUTdM

The next time you get ready to have a conversation with someone, consider these facts about sound and listening.

o 85o/o of what we learn

is through listening
(not talking or reading)
We think at least $*arr
times faster than we speak.

ln a spoken message,
$ Less than ??a of the only Za/o is conveyed by
population has had the words u56d. i.,:;':,,
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to listen. facial expressions, and 387o is
indicated by the tone of voice.
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ffi After
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E ffiE[[ Listen to the conversation. What was Tom's problem? What does Jane suggest?

C ffiffiI[p Watch and study the language in the chart.

Reporting what someone said

"Listening is a learned process." ," i5'5 r" (that) listening was a learned process.

"You'll have to bring your notes tomorrow." She said (that) I would have to bring my notes the next day

"Don'tinterrupt." He told me not to interrupt.

"How did your test go?" She asked him how his test had gone,

"You should use audio-visuals." She suggested that I use audio-visuals.

"l'll buy you lunch today." He promised to buy her lunch that day.

According to experts. multitasking is often a barrier to effective listening.

For rnore information on reported speech, see Gramrnar Summary 10 on page 1BB"

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PRE-READING Predicting/Skimming
or
t
A Who do you think are generally better listeners: high school students
younger kids? Predict and discuss with a partner' 7f r\
B Skim the first two paragraphs' Check your prediction' t/ A

##m[n
1 ,. ', o you think you're a good listener?
E
Chances are you do. But studies show that
)
' . most people seriously overestimate their
ability to listen. The truth is we are generally not
s Qood at listening, and our listening
comprehension
declines as we age.
This was proven by Dr. Ralph Nichols, a pioneer
in the scientific study of listening behavior' With the
help of school teachers in N/innesota, he conducted
ro a simple experiment to test students' listening
skills, He had teachers stop what they were doing
mid-class, and then asked students to describe
what their teachers had been talking about You
might assume that older kids, with more developed barriers to effective listening. The younger students
in

rs brains, would be better listeners' The results' Dr. Nichols's experiment were better listeners
paftly
however, showed otherwise:While 90 percent of because their brains were less developed-they
first- and second-graders gave correct responses'
lacked the extra brain power to be distracted'
got
this percentage dropped rapidly as the students 35 Another factor that contributes to our poor
older. A little under half of junior high students could
listening is our ever-decreasing attention span'
zo remember correctly, and only 25 percent of high
According to a study conducted by tVlicrosoft'
school students got the answers right' the age of smartphones has had a negative
So why aren't we good at listening? One reason
impact here. ln 2000-around the time the mobile
concerns the speed at which we think' The adult
+o revolution began-the average human attention
brain can process up to around 400 words per
span was 12 seconds; by 2013, it had fallen to
zs minute, more than three times faster than the speed
B seconds. Even a goldfish-with an average
an average person speaks. This means that we can
attention span of 9 seconds-can hold a thought for
easily think about something else while someone
longerl
talking to us, allowing our mind to wander or get
is
sidetracked. Thinking about how you will reply while
45 Our mobile devices also provide constant
distractions, which can be very disruptive to listening'
so someone is still talking is one of the most common

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 UNDERSTANDING MAIN IDEAS

Which sentence is the author most likely to agree with?

a There are many techniques we can use to help us stay focused while listening, but the best way to improve
our listening skills is to limit our use of modern technology.
b Effective listening is something we all do automatically, although most of us need to be taught the proper
tools and techniques in order to be good at it.

c The mobile revolution has had a negative impact on our ability to listen, but there are various techniques
we can use to improve our listening skills.

IDENTIFYING CAUSE AND EFFECT

Complete the diagram showing causes and effects

CAUSE

2-
Adults havel
are more likely to be distracted.
brains and
+ Our listening ability
age.
as we

The brain can process information three times We tend to multitask while listening and get
3- than the speed an +
average human speaks

6-
N/any people today own
and other mobile devices.
5
--+ We have a shorter
have to dealwith many 7-
and

It/any companies now provide training in

+ Bosses who undergo this training are more likely
to become better e-

BUILDING VOCABULARY

A lr/atch the words in blue from the passage to their definitions.

1 overestimate o o one who is first or among the earliest to do something

2 pioneer o o to make something better; improve

3 disruptive o o a good relationship or understanding among a group of people

4 enhance o o to judge too highly or favorably

5 rapport o o causing trouble and therefore stopping an activity from continuing as usual

B CRITICAL THINKING

Reflecting What behavior mentioned in the passage are you most guilty of? What can you do to change
this? Discuss with a partner.

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 B ilHftfl Watch Parl2 of the TED Talk. Would Julian Treasure agree with the following
statements? Circle Y for yes or N for no'
1 Sounds help define our surroundings. YN
2 Listening is difficult and tiring because the world is now so noisy. Y N

3 N/any people nowadays prefer quick sound bites to actual conversations' Y N

4 We are becoming more sensitive to noise and what's being said in the media Y N

5 lt's less important for us to practice conscious listening now because of Y N

modern technology.

G Hffil[f,f Watch Part 3 of the TED Talk. tt/atch each tool for conscious listening in the box to
its corresponding exercise.

silence the mixer savoring

1 Listen closely to the ticking of a clock. Nod your head in time with the "beat" of the clock, as if
you are listening to music on headphones.
Tool

2 Find a quiet area in your house, and sit on the floor in a cross-legged position. Close your eyes,
clear your mind, and meditate for a few minutes.
Tool:

3 Listen to a song and identify the different instruments and voices you hear. Practice differentiating
one sound from another.
Tool

D ffiffills| Watch Part 3 of the TED Talk again. G)

What does the acronym RASA mean? Fill out
the acronym in the space provided on the right. @
@
@
E CRITICAL THINKING

Applying Which statement below do you personally agree with the most? Explain your
reasoning to a partner and give examples. As you discuss, take turns applying the RASA
techniques.

a I want to make a list of mundane sounds and practice savoring each of them.
b I think conscious listening is an imporlant skill and should be taught in schools.
c I need to limit my use of social media and have more meaningful face-to-face conversations with
my friends.

VOCABULARY IN CONTEXT

ffi!!@ Watch the excerpts from the TED Talk. Choose the correct meaning of the words

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 ffimmffiffi me#ffi fr ffi Hmftmmru fr x"xg

COMMUNICATE How good are your listening skills?

A Are you a good listener? Read the questions below and check (/) your answers.

When someone is talking to you, do you ...

1 keep an eye on the clock? tr T tr
2 make eye contact with the speaker? I tr tr
3 pay attention to the speaker's body language? tr T l
4 check your cell phone for messages as you listen? l I T
5 interrupt the speaker if they say something you
disagree with? n I tr
6 think about how you'll reply as you listen? I T tr
7 listen more for facts than for feelings? T tr T
I take notes about important information you've heard? T tr tr
9 wait for the speaker to finish before forming an
opinion? T tr
10 make physical gestures (like nodding) to show that
you're listening? tr tr

B Work with a partner. Take turns asking and answering the questions. Circle your partner's answers.

C Look back at the answers. With your paftner, discuss whether you are each good at conscious listening, and
give reasons for your conclusions. You may ask follow-up questions to get more information if necessary.

I think l'm a good listener because L..

That's true. But you also sometimes ...

Asking follow-up questions

a Can you elaborate on that, please? Can you qive an example?

WRITING A survey report

Look at the results above. Write one or two paragraphs summarizing the results of the survey, and include
details about what makes a good listener.

., The survey showed that while l'm generally a pretty good listener, there are still some things I can work
, on to improve my listening skills. ln pafticular, I tend to keep an eye on the clock during conversations.
This is a bad habit because ...
According to the survey, David is good at conscious listening because ...

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