the dignity of their labour...

Maid on one’s own

 ACKN O W LED G EM EN T

I h a v e t a k e n e ff o r t s in t h is p ro je c t . H o w e v e r, it w o u ld n o t h a v e b e e n
p o s s ib le w it h o u t t h e k in d s u p p o r t a n d h e lp o f m a n y in d iv id u a ls . I
w o u ld lik e t o e x t e n d m y s in c e re t h a n k s t o a ll o f t h e m .

F ir s t a n d fo re m o s t , I w o u ld lik e t o t h a n k m y fa c u lt y m e m b e r ,
M s . K a n u p r iy a S h a r m a fo r t h e v a lu a b le g u id a n c e a n d a d v ic e .
S h e in s p ire d u s g re a t ly t o w o r k in t h is p ro je c t . H e r w illin g n e s s t o
m o t iv a t e u s c o n t r ib u t e d t re m e n d o u s ly t o o u r p ro je c t . I a ls o w o u ld
lik e t o t h a n k h e r fo r s h o w in g u s s o m e e x a m p le s t h a t w e re re la t e d t o
o u r t o p ic .

I a m h ig h ly in d e b t e d t o P e a r l A c a d e m y fo r t h e ir g u id a n c e a n d
c o n s t a n t s u p e r v is io n a s w e ll a s fo r p ro v id in g n e c e s s a r y in fo r m a t io n
re g a rd in g t h e p ro je c t & a ls o fo r t h e ir s u p p o r t in c o m p le t in g t h e
p ro je c t .

I w o u ld lik e t o e x p re s s m y g r a t it u d e t o w a rd s m y p a re n t s fo r t h e ir
k in d c o -o p e r a t io n a n d e n c o u r a g e m e n t t o b e lie v e in m e w h ic h
h e lp e d m e in c o m p le t io n o f t h is p ro je c t .

M y t h a n k s a n d a p p re c ia t io n s a ls o g o t o m y c o lle a g u e s in
d e v e lo p in g t h e p ro je c t a n d t o p e o p le w h o h a v e w illin g ly h e lp e d
m e o u t w it h t h e ir a b ilit ie s .
 P R E FA C E

T h is p ro je c t re p o r t a t te m p t s to b r in g u n d e r o n e c o v e r t h e e n t ire
h a rd w o r k a n d d e d ic a t io n p u t b y m e a n d m y fa c u lt y m e m b e r s in
t h e c o m p le t io n o f m y fi n a l p ro je c t fo r t h e m o d u le C u lt u re , H is to r y
a n d N a r ra t iv e s .

I h a v e e x p re s s e d m y e x p e r ie n c e s in m y o w n s im p le w a y . I h o p e
w h o e v e r g o e s t h ro u g h t h is w ill fi n d it in te re s t in g a n d w o r t h
re a d in g .A ll c o n s t ru c t iv e fe e d b a c k is c o rd ia lly in v ite d .

K h u s h i J a in
TABLE OF CONTENTS

B R A IN S T R O M IN G

SECO N D ARY RESEARCH

P R IM A R Y R E S E A R C H

D ATA A N A LY S IS

MO O D BOARD

IN S P IR AT IO N B O A R D

C O LO U R B O A R D

N A R R AT IV E

GO ND ART

V IS U A L B O A R D

F IN A L O U T C O M E
 M IG R A N T S
C H AW L

PA R SI
S O U T H B O M B AY

B O L LY W O O D C E L E B S
POTTERS
C O O L IE
A R R E Y C O LO N Y

B R A IN S T O R M IN G C O M M U N IT IE S O F M U M B A I

AU TO WALA D A B BAWA LA

B U S IN E S S M E N H O U SEH ELP

D A D A R F LO W E R M A R K E T

WARLI D H O B I G H AT
SECO N D ARY RESEARCH
I N TR ODUCTION
Domestic worker is a person who is engaged on a part time or
full time basis in domestic service. The domestic worker receives
remuneration periodically in cash or kind for a fixed period from
the employer.

CON CEP T OF DOMESTIC WOR K

Domestic service is now accepted as an important category of
livelihood across the globe. Domestic service remains a highly
personalized and informal service delivered in the homes of
employers. In domestic service, work cannot be subjected to any
comparative tests, since it has the character almost unique in
wage paid industry.
Domestic work is viewed as reproductive work that creates
not only labour units but also people and social relations. The
increase in the number of domestic workers is often viewed as
‘feminization of labour’. Domestic workers have increased in
India mainly due to increased female labour force participation,
increased income and purchasing power amongst urban
populations and emergence of nuclear family units in urban
areas. There are more than 4 million domestic workers in India in
the present times. The demand for domestic help across Indian
cities has shot up over a period of time in the age of economic
liberalization.

WOMENDOMESTICWORKERS INMUMBAI
There has been a significant increase in the number of women
workers in recent times. The newly imposed role for women
workers in the informal economy of India throws up several
questions. The strong preference for nuclear families has
resulted in a demand for domestic workers in the country. The
women domestic workers are not adequately educated and
organized through meaningful unionization.
WORKING CONDITIONS
The women domestic workers face the major problems such as
– low wages, extra work, long working hours, lack of holidays,
harassment, sexual exploitation, physical torture, ill treatment,
lack of welfare facilities, absence of social security measures,
lack of rest, development of fatigue, lack of freedom, low level
of job skills, absence of bargaining power, work-life imbalance,
poor working conditions, migration, social invisibility, economic
backwardness, forced labour, discrimination, inadequate legal
protection, physical exertion, ill health, malnutrition and other
problems according to empirical evidence in India and abroad.
Domestic workers remain socially and economically margin-
alized sections of society. Paid domestic work is an important
source of employment for the vulnerable sections of society.
Domestic work is largely unregulated and unpaid.
The women domestic workers often continue accepting what-
ever the employers pay them and are under constant fear that
asking for a raise may lead to termination from work as there
would be many more workers who are available to do the same
work by accepting whatever the employer pays them .The em-
ployers also provide them stale food or leftover food which is not
good for their health and nutrition. The employers also refuse to
give them paid leave even though they work hard beyond their
capacity. In a country like India, domestic work is more physical-
ly taxing than elsewhere according to empirical evidence). The
women domestic workers are under the constant fear of termi-
nation from work. They are taken for granted by the employers.
Studies have reported that women domestic workers face sexual
harassment which is still an unspeakable issue in India.
LIVING CONDITIONS
Women domestic workers do not have good socioeconomic
condition. They face problems both at home and at work place.
They migrate from the rural areas to urban areas in such of
employment opportunities. They have a heavy workload with less
recognition and remuneration. They work hard for a better future
.They spend a large part of their time accessing essential services
such as water and toilets. They do not have access to institutional
care facilities that provide quality care at affordable rates in their
neighbourhoods. Domestic workers live and work in appalling
conditions and are vulnerable to abuse. Their self-esteem suffers
considerable damage after prolonged periods of maltreatment,
abuse and humiliation. They feel inadequate, powerless and
worthless. They do not have the opportunity to raise their voice
and avenue of redress before the competent organs . The women
domestic workers face the daunting challenge of combining Paid
work with their maternal role and long hours of unpaid care work.
The women domestic workers live in different types of slum
settlements and work in the informal sector. Commuting becomes
a major issue both in terms of cost and time. The male members
were involved in paid labour and earned the income to run the
family. The women members of the family took care of domestic
responsibilities and played their reproductive role. The domestic
work done by women in their houses was never recognized as a
contribution to social production. The migrant women domestic
workers are among the world’s most vulnerable and discriminated
workers.

SOCIAL INSECURITY
The women domestic workers do not get adequate wages old-age
pensions, gratuity or bonus. Domestic work is a predominately
female-dominated sector that is poorly regulated and often
unprotected by labour law. Their isolation and vulnerability as
workers is made more complex by their invisibility in private
homes and their dependence on the goodwill of their employers.
 P R IM A R Y R E S E A R C H -
A LO O K IN T O T H E IR L IV E S
In Mumbai or if we say the whole of India, household work has
always been considered as below someone’s dignity .No wonder
regarding that the domestic worker is so deliberately underpaid.
Even if they feel they are under paid they refuse to revolt against
it fearing that they may even loose that bit of their earning.

When I asked them what are the skills that they possess they
never mentioned cooking or providing security means because
they never knew they were actual skills that they possessed.
They consider they did not know any other thing so the last
option they could do is what they are actually doing. Cooking,
cleaning, caring for children, these are all skilled jobs but they fall
under the unorganised sector, with no law to protect rights, no
health cover and no pension. It means that in case of a dispute
with the employer, the worker cannot go to a labour court, as she
is not technically recognised as a ‘worker’.

The socio-economic condition of the domestic help workers

is mediocre. They still face problems both at home and work
place. Women domestic workers belonged to the economically
disadvantaged group and they live in urban slums. There is no
uniformity in their wage structure and their wage level is very
low. But over the years of their not so good lives, they have
learned to survive or are rather satisfied with what they have.
However, they are compelled to do this job because of lower
education or poor financial background. In some cases the
women are they only people who earn because their husbands
have left them alone to survive in this hard hearted world.
T h e w o m e n w o r k e r s in t h e in fo r m a l s e c t o r s a ls o fa c e a n u m b e r o f
d iffi c u lt ie s in p a r t ic u la r. T h e y a ls o h a v e t o t a k e c a re o f t h e ir c h ild re n
a t h o m e a n d a t t h e s a m e t im e t h e y h a v e t o w o r k fo r t h e ir fa m ilie s .
T h e y a re d o in g d o u b le t h e a m o u n t o f w o r k a n d p a id le s s t h a n
h a lf w h e n c o m p a re d w it h t h e ir m a le c o u n t e r p a r t s . w h e n I s e t u p
a n e n q u ir y I fo u n d o u t t h a t t h e fe m a le w o r k e r s a re p a id le s s t h a n
t h e ir m a le c o u n t e r p a r t s e v e n a f t e r t h e fa c t t h a t t h e y w o r k in m o re
h o u s e s . I c o lle c t e d in fo r m a t io n o n e m p lo y m e n t s t a t u s , n u m b e r
o f h o u s e s t h e y w o r k , a n d t y p e o f d o m e s t ic s e r v ic e s . A lm o s t a ll
o f t h e m a re e m p lo y e d a t p re s e n t a s d o m e s t ic w o r k e r. W h ile o n e
fo u r t h o f t h e m w o r k s ju s t in o n e h o u s e , t h e re m a in in g t h re e -fo u r t h
o f t h e m w o r k s in m u lt ip le h o u s e s . T h re e -fi f t h o f t h e m w o r k s in 2 -3
h o u s e s e v e r y d a y a n d c lo s e t o o n e s ix t h o f t h e m w o r k s in m o re
th a n 4 h o u se s.

OBJECTIVE
To know a little more about the community I have interviewed
some of the people and tried to know more about their lives in
person. In this report, I have tried to focus on the overall living
and working condition of women and male domestic workers in
Mumbai region. This report covers the various themes such as
basic demographic features, nature of services, work profile of
the domestic workers, access to social security, consumption of
edible items, health, household assets and liability, attitude of
domestic workers towards gender and domestic violence.
IN T E R V IE W S
 W O R K I N G H O U R S : 7 -8 H O U R S A D A Y
AD D RESS: KU RLA KAM AN I
N A T IV E P L A C E : M A N D W A
E D U C A T IO N A L Q U A L IF IC A T IO N : C L A S S 5 T H PA S S
F A M I LY M E M B E R S : 4 (H U S B A N D , S O N A N D D A U G H T E R )
C H I L D R E N E D U C A T I O N : S O N -C L A S S 1 0 T H D A U G H T E R -9 T H
H U S B A N D H A S A N I G H T /D A Y S H I F T : D A Y S H IF T
A C T IV IT IE S A F T E R R E T U R N IN G H O M E : H O U S E H O L D W O R K ,
L O O K IN G A F T E R C H IL D R E N A N D P R E P A R E F O O D F O R T H E
F A M IL Y
S A L A R Y : 1 0 ,0 0 0 P E R M O N T H
B O N U S : 1 0 ,0 0 0 ( IN C L U D IN G A L L )
M E A N S O F T R A N S P O R T : M A IN L Y B U S A N D W A L K IN G
M E A L S : 3 M E A L S IN A D A Y
E L E C T R IC IT Y E X P E N S E S : 1 0 0 0 P E R M O N T H
H O USE RENT : O W N S H ER O W N H O U SE
H O W A R E T H E Y T R E A T E D A T T H E W O R K P L A C E : S H E IS
S A T IS F IE D W IT H H E R J O B
A R E P R O P E R E Q U IP M E N T P R O V ID E D : Y E S
H O L I D A Y S : O N C E IN A W E E K
IS S A L A R Y D E D U C T E D IF E X T R A H O L ID AY TA K E N : M A N A G E D
BY TH E EN D O F TH E M O N TH
S O U R C E S O F I N C O M E I N T H E F A M I LY : H U S B A N D E A R N S
N A M E: JA SW A N T I 1 5 ,0 0 0 P E R M O N T H
A G E :3 6 I S I T E N O U G H T O M A N A G E T H E W E E K LY E X P E N S E S : T H E Y
G EN D ER: FEM ALE M A N A G E B U T A R E L E F T W IT H N O S A V IN G S .
O C C U P A T I O N : H O U S E K E E P IN G S T A F F P R E V I O U S J O B : A T P H O E N IX M A L L , K U R L A
A T V A S A N T O A S IS L IN K W IT H A N Y H O U S E H O L D A G E N C Y : O C S C O .
W H Y D I D T H E Y C H O O S E T H I S W O R K : T O P R O V ID E F IN A N C IA L
S U P P O R T T O H E R F A M IL Y.
W O U L D S H E D O A N Y O T H E R J O B T H A N T H IS : Y E S A T A B E T T E R
PA Y
 W O R K I N G H O U R S : 7 -8 H O U R S A D A Y
A D D R E S S : M A R O L P IP E L IN E
N A T IV E P L A C E : S A N TA L P U R
E D U C A T IO N A L Q U A L IF IC A T IO N : 4 T H PA S S
F A M I LY : 4 (H U S B A N D , S O N A N D D A U G H T E R )
C H I L D R E N E D U C A T I O N : D A U G H T E R -B A S O N : 1 2 T H
H U S B A N D H A S A N I G H T /D A Y S H I F T : D A Y O R N IG H T
(D E P E N D S )
A C T IV IT IE S A F T E R R E T U R N IN G F R O M W O R K : H O U S E H O L D
W O RK AN D REST
S A L A R Y : 1 0 ,0 0 0
B O N U S : 1 0 ,0 0 0 (IN C L U D IN G A L L )
M E A N S O F T R A N S P O R T : B U S O R W A L K IN G
M E A L S : 3 T IM E S A D A Y
E L E C T R I C I T Y E X P E N S E S : 1 0 0 0 -1 2 0 0 P E R M O N T H
H O U SE REN T: 4000 PER M O N TH
H O W A R E T H E Y T R E A T E D A T T H E W O R K P L A C E : S H E IS
T R E A T E D W E L L , P R O V ID E D A L L M E D IC A L S A T T IM E .
A R E P R O P E R E Q U IP M E N T P R O V ID E D : Y E S
H O L ID AY S : O N C E A W E E K
IS T H E S A L A R Y D E D U C T E D IF E X T R A H O L ID AY TA K E N :
M AN AG ED BY TH E EN D O F TH E M O N TH
S O U R C E S O F I N C O M E I N T H E F A M I LY : H U S B A N D E A R N S
NAM E: U M A PRAKASH 1 7 ,0 0 0 P E R M O N T H
AG E: 42 I S I T E N O U G H T O M A N A G E T H E W E E K LY E X P E N S E S : IT IS L E S S
G EN D ER : FEM ALE B U T T H E Y M A N A G E B Y C U T T IN G O F F T R A V E L L IN G E X P E N S E S
C A S T E : B IH A R I A N D L U X U R IE S
O C C U P A T I O N : H O U S E K E E P IN G S T A F F A T P R E V I O U S J O B : D E -M A R T S T A F F
V A S A N T O A S IS L IN K W IT H A N Y H O U S E H O L D A G E N C Y : O C S C O .
W H Y D I D T H E Y C H O O S E T H I S W O R K : T O P R O V ID E F IN A N C IA L
S U P P O R T T O H E R F A M IL Y .
W O U L D S H E D O A N Y O T H E R J O B T H A N T H IS : A T A B E T T E R
P A Y R IG H T N O W L O O K IN G F O R J O B S

N A M E : A N A N T S A LV I
AG E: 60
G EN D ER: M ALE
C A S T E : M A H A R A S H T R IA N
O C C U P A T I O N : S E C U R IT Y G U A R D
W O R K IN G H O U R S : 1 2 H O U R S
A D D R E S S : B E H IN D S E V E N H IL L S H O S P IT A L
N A T I V E P L A C E : R A T N A G IR I
E D U C A T IO N A L Q U A L IF IC A T IO N : 4 T H PA S S
F A M I LY : 5 ( W IF E , 2 S O N A N D 2 D A U G H T E R S IN L A W )
C H I L D R E N O C C U P A T I O N : S O N 1 – A U T O D R IV E R
S O N 2 - W O R K S A T A M E D IC A L S T O R E
A C T IV IT IE S A F T E R R E T U R N IN G F R O M W O R K : E A T F O O D A N D
REST
S A L A R Y : 1 2 ,0 0 0
B O N U S : 2 ,0 0 0 -6 ,0 0 0 (IN C L U D IN G A L L )
M E A N S O F T R A N S P O R T : B U S O R W A L K IN G
M E A L S : 3 T IM E S A D A Y
E L E C T R I C I T Y E X P E N S E S : 1 0 0 0 -1 2 0 0 P E R M O N T H
H O U S E R E N T : O W N S H IS H O M E
H O W A R E T H E Y T R E A T E D A T T H E W O R K P L A C E : H E IS T R E A T E D
W E L L , P R O V ID E D A L L M E D IC A L S A T T IM E .H A V E T O F O L L O W
A L L T H E R U L E S W IT H O U T A N Y S A Y
A R E P R O P E R E Q U IP M E N T P R O V ID E D : Y E S
H O L ID AY S : O N C E A W E E K
IS S A L A R Y D E D U C T E D IF E X T R A H O L ID AY TA K E N : M A N A G E D
BY TH E EN D O F TH E M O N TH
S O U R C E S O F I N C O M E I N F A M I LY : S O N N E V E R D IS C U S S E S T H IS
W IT H H IS F A T H E R
P R E V IO U S J O B : C O M PA N Y E M P L O Y E E
L IN K W IT H A N Y H O U S E H O L D A G E N C Y : O C S C O .
W H Y D I D T H E Y C H O O S E T H I S W O R K : T O O V E R C O M E H IS B O R E -
DOM
W O U L D S H E D O A N Y O T H E R J O B T H A N T H I S : N O T R IG H T N O W
B U T C A N A S K F O R B E T T E R PA Y

N A M E : M A YA B H A N U S H A L I
AG E: 48
G EN D ER: FEM ALE
C A ST E: G U JA R AT I
O C C U P A T IO N : C O O K
W O R K IN G H O U R S : 8 T O 9 H R S
NO. O F HO USES: 4
A D D R E S S : M A R O L P IP E L IN E (C H IM A T P A D A )
N A T I V E P L A C E : K U T C H ,G U J R A T
E D U C A T IO N A L Q U A L IF IC A T IO N : 1 0 T H PA S S
F A M I LY : 3 (1 S O N A N D 1 D A U G H T E R )
C H I L D R E N O C C U P A T I O N : D A U G H T E R : W O R K S IN C O M P A N Y
E A R N S 2 5 ,0 0 0 A N D S O N S T U D Y IN G M E D IC IN E IN H O S T E L
A C T IV IT IE S A F T E R R E T U R N IN G F R O M W O R K : S T IT C H IN G
S A L A R Y : 1 5 ,0 0 0
M E A N S O F T R A N SP O R T: B U S, LO C A L, C A B
M E A L S : 3 T IM E S A D A Y
E L E C T R I C I T Y E X P E N S E S : 2 0 0 0 -3 0 0 0 P E R M O N T H
H O U SE REN T: O W N S H ER H O M E
H O W A R E T H E Y T R E A T E D A T T H E W O R K P L A C E : S H E IS T R E A T E D
W ELL.
A R E P R O P E R E Q U IP M E N T P R O V ID E D : Y E S
H O L ID AY S : O N C E A W E E K
I S T H E S A L A R Y D E D U C T E D I F E X T R A H O L I D A Y T A K E N : IT IS
M AN AG ED BY TH E EN D O F TH E M O N TH
S O U R C E S O F I N C O M E I N F A M I LY : D A U G H T E R A N D S E L F
S O U R C E S O F E N T E R TA IN M E N T : L O V E S T O W A T C H O L D
B O L L Y W O O D M O V IE S A N D L IS T E N S T O M U S IC W H IL E S H E
W O RKS.
P R E V I O U S J O B : S E L F E M P L O Y E D (S T IT C H IN G W O R K )
L IN K W IT H A N Y H O U S E H O L D A G E N C Y : N O N E
W H Y D I D T H E Y C H O O S E T H I S W O R K : L O S S IN P R E V IO U S
B U S IN E S S
W O U L D S H E D O A N Y O T H E R J O B T H A N T H IS : N O
D O E S S H E O W E A LO A N : N O
 D ATA A N A LY S IS

Their main concern behind them taking such

jobs was to financially support their families and
besides that the elder men in the family would
get bored sitting at home idle.

They people whom I interviewed were married

and also had kids.Their educational
qualifications were average like they had not
even passed their central board exams .But
they always wanted to send their kids to private
english medium schools.
V IS U A L B O A R D S
MO O D BOARD
IN S P IR A T IO N B O A R D
C O LO U R B O A R D
 N A R R A T IV E
The story revolves around a Gujju lady, Maya Bhanushali who
has faced at lot in life but all with a big smile on her face. She
lives in a small house along with her working daughter. She
got married at a very young age and had to migrate to Mumbai
along with her husband. But fate was never on her side, when
she came to know that she lost her husband in an accident
which was majorly the reason why she got distant from her
daughter.Now they earn an enough amount of money to cover
their monthly expenses.
 GOND AR T
BACKG RO UN D
P a in t in g in t h e re g io n h a s b e e n h a p p e n in g fo r a re a lly lo n g
t im e a s t h e h is t o r y o f t h e G o n d p e o p le d a t e s n e a r ly 1 4 0 0 y e a r s
p re v io u s ly , h o w e v e r, t h e G o n d p e o p le c o u ld ju s t b e im it a t in g
t h e ir a n c e s t o r s a s t h e re a re c a v e p a in t in g s in t h e re g io n t h a t
g o a ll t h e w a y b a c k t o t h e M e s o lit h ic P e r io d . P a in t in g s , a s w e ll
a s o t h e r a r t fo r m s , h a v e a lw a y s b e e n q u it e p o p u la r w it h t r ib a l
p e o p le in In d ia , e s p e c ia lly t h e G o n d t r ib e . T h e G o n d p e o p le
h a v e a b e lie f t h a t v ie w in g a g o o d im a g e b e g e t s g o o d lu c k . T h is
b e lie f le d t h e G o n d p e o p le t o d e c o r a t e t h e w a lls a s w e ll a s t h e
fl o o r o f t h e ir h o u s e s w it h t r a d it io n a l t a t t o o s a n d m o t ifs . G o n d
p a in t in g s h a v e a ls o b e e n u s e d b y t h e G o n d p e o p le a s a w a y t o
re c o rd t h e ir h is t o r y .

S O U R C E S O F IN S P IR AT IO N
A c c o rd in g t o t h e G o n d b e lie f s y s t e m , e a c h a n d e v e r y t h in g
w h e t h e r it is a h ill, r iv e r, ro c k o r a t re e is in h a b it e d b y a s p ir it
a n d , c o n s e q u e n t ly , is s a c re d . S o t h e G o n d p e o p le p a in t t h e m
a s a fo r m o f re s p e c t a n d re v e re n c e . G o n d p a in t in g s a re a re fl e c -
t io n o f m a n ’s c lo s e c o n n e c t io n w it h h is n a t u r a l s u r ro u n d in g s .
H o w e v e r, w h ile a m a jo r it y o f G o n d p a in t in g s d o t a k e in s p ir a -
t io n fro m n a t u re , it is n ’t t h e o n ly s o u rc e o f in s p ir a t io n . G o n d
p a in t in g s c a n a ls o t a k e in s p ir a t io n fro m m y t h s a n d le g e n d s o f
In d ia o r a lt e r n a t iv e ly , t h e y m a y a ls o s h o w c a s e im a g e s fro m t h e
d a ily liv e s o f t h e t r ib e . It c a n a ls o s h o w c a s e a b s t r a c t c o n c e p t s
lik e e m o t io n s , d re a m s a n d im a g in a t io n .
ST YLE
G o n d p a in t in g s c a n b e s t b e d e s c r ib e d a s ‘o n lin e w o r k ’. T h e
a r t is t m a k e s s u re t o d r a w t h e in n e r a s w e ll a s o u t e r lin e s w it h
a s m u c h c a re a s p o s s ib le s o t h a t t h e p e r fe c t io n o f t h e lin e s h a s
a n im m e d ia t e e ff e c t o n t h e v ie w e r. L in e s a re u s e d in s u c h a w a y
t h a t it c o n v e y s a s e n s e o f m o v e m e n t t o t h e s t ill im a g e s . D o t s
a n d d a s h e s a re a d d e d t o im p a r t a g re a t e r s e n s e o f m o v e m e n t
a n d in c re a s e t h e a m o u n t o f d e t a il.
A n o t h e r v e r y s t r ik in g fa c e t o f G o n d p a in t in g s h a s t o b e t h e u s e
o f b r ig h t v iv id c o lo u r s s u c h a s w h it e , re d , b lu e a n d y e llo w . T h e
p a in t s a re u s u a lly d e r iv e d n a t u r a lly fro m o b je c t s s u c h a s c h a r -
c o a l, c o lo u re d s o il, p la n t s a p , le a v e s a n d e v e n c o w d u n g .
VISUAL B OAR DS

O n e o f t h e m o s t n o t ic e a b le a n d e a s ily
r e c o g n iz a b le f e a t u r e o f G o n d p a in t in g is t h e
lin e a n d d o t t e c h n iq u e . T h e s e lin e s a n d d o t s
im p a r t a s e n s e o f d y n a m is m a n d m o v e m e n t
o n t h e c a n v a s , im m e d ia t e ly c a p t u r in g t h e
a t t e n t io n o f it s v ie w e r s . T h e p a in t in g s a r e a ls o
c o m m o n ly d o n e o n m u d w a lls .
T H E F IN A L O U T C O M E
 R E F L E C T IO N

culture history and narrative module was completely a self

intiated module. we were told to have a deatiled study about
the different communities of mumbai. After brainstorming
I found out that the househelp community was the most
interesting among all of them.
we were told to interview them in person and through that I
came to know more about their financial status.I questioned
them about the problems they face but they said that they
have managed all their expenses within that amount. But we
on the other side do not even think twice before so much
money.
I am so grateful to my college that they came up with a
project which was an eye opener for me and my fellow
classmates.
 B IB L IO G R A P H Y
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Venkatesh_Murthy7/
publication/254412575_Working_and_Living_Conditions_
of_Women_Domestic_Workers_Evidences_from_Mumbai/
links/560bcba008ae6de32e9a9f64/Working-and-Living-
Conditions-of-Women-Domestic-Workers-Evidences-from-
Mumbai.pdf?origin=publication_detail

https://www.scmsnoida.ac.in/assets/pdf/journal/
vol4issue2/02%20Ekta%20Rani.pdf

http://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jbm/papers/Vol18-issue8/
Version-2/G1808024750.pdf

pictures taken fron feminisminindia.com

 BY:
K HUSHI JAIN