VEE Merged

Welcome Y-20 !
________________
A fun chat with

*** Stars of 2024 ***
And
Overview of
Value Education & Ethics
July 2021
Overview of VEE
Objective:
To excel in your career as an engineer
Course contents:
•Ethical principles and theories
•Cultural identity
•Happiness and Wellbeing
•Personal work ethic
10 classes each by:
Dr Narendra Kumar ) Before mid-Sems
Dr Payel Pal )
Prof Manju Dhariwal ) After mid-Sems

A.P. Singh ) 2
What’s this ‘Fun Chat’ all about
I You are special

II Right choice
III Life at LNMIIT
IV Narayan Murthy’s formula
3
I
You are special
4
If the world comprised 100 people -
there would be:
5 North Americans
9 Latin Americans
11 Europeans
15 Africans
60 Asians - 17 Chinese
17 Indians
5
If the world comprised 100 people
• 75 would have a cell phone
• 47 would have internet connection
• Only 66 would finish high school
• Only 7 would have a college degree

• Only 1 would be an engineer
< 0.5 would be an IT engineer
YOU are in that < 0.5

6
II
You’ve made the Right Choice :
Institute
City
Time
7
1. The Right choice
✔ Right institute: LNMIIT
- never mind IITs: you have a point to prove
- IIT faculty
- IIT processes
- high quality Alumni
higher studies (MS…PhD)
MBA
entrepreneurs
8
2. The Right choice
✔ Right city: Jaipur
- as a city
- growth prospects as IT hub
9
3. The Right choice
✔ Right time: Now
- IT is key to recovery/growth worldwide
- also for explosive growth in rural India
- India is set for economic leadership of the world
in top 3 by GDP by 2030…40…50
IT sector
Medical sector : surgeons…doctors…pharmacies
Chartered Accountants
B-schools
10
III
Life at LNMIIT
11
Home away from home
• Bad news ⬄ Good news
X you’re away from the family
✔ you’re away from the family
The liberty is yours
The responsibility is also yours
• Grow your self
- shape more facets of your personality
- increase cross-learning
• Much larger joint-family here
12
Excellence
• Is our motto
• Make Excellence a habit
• ‘to engineer’ = to create practical solutions
• We are training star professionals
Doers
+ Performers
+ Achievers
+ Finishers
= ‘Dhonis’
= World champions
(Please do take details from the Alumni Cell)
13
(L)earn-ability
• Learning is the key
ENABLER of placement
‘the secret ingredient’ of success
• mugging : recipes :: learning : cooking

(L)earning
• Sachin vs Kambli
• Arunima Sinha
I am my best supporter
I am my worst enemy
I am my only competitor
I must raise my own standard
14
Look forward to
• Best 4 years
- old enough to know right from wrong
- young enough to learn quickly
• Environment is conducive
- encourages learning
- encourages versatility
- faculty, friends and alumni
- clubs for extra curricular activities
15
Watch out for Distractions
• Inertia, laziness = “hit wicket”
• Impatience, anger = “run out”
• Frustration, disappointment = “self goal’
• In case of confusion, anxiety, fear, listlessness
reach out immediately to:
Faculty - Friends – Family
Counsellor: Mrs Arshita Nair 93515 09622
arshitaa.nair.1@gmail.com
Prof Neogi: Centre for Wellness & Positive Health
cl.cwph@lnmiit.ac.in
No matter how good we are

We always have a choice To Do Better
16
IV
Narayan Murthy’s formula
17
Narayan Murthy
• Raise your aspirations high
• Education is about learning to learn
• Cynicism has no role
• Assume responsibility in society
• Be excellent in whatever you do
Ability + Application + Attitude

= Success
from ‘A Better India, A Better World’
18
Ok, Y-20 . . .
Are we ready to go for
Excellence ?
19
Yes, we are!
20
Put your hand on your heart & say:
“ In these 4 years
I will make
a BIG +ve difference
to Myself ”
21
Do we believe that
Y-20
will brighten
‘Brand LNMIIT’
22
Yes, of course, we do!
23
Then you’re ready to
MAKE THE MOST
of your stay
@ LNMIIT
24
Best of luck
&
God Bless You!
~ * ~
25
VEE
--*--
Introduction to
Work Ethic & Excellence
(WEE)
Y20
July 2021
Value Education & Ethics (VEE) -
Work Ethic & Excellence (WEE)
• Why WEE : To achieve Succe$$
• What is WEE : Taking charge of my talent
• How : Harnessing / Nurturing my talent
• Who : ???
• When & Where
WHY
• Success in my career
• ‘Success’ has many connotations
- most popular one is:
Succe$$
• I need to prepare ME
- with many instruments
- and many ‘vehicles’
• VEE adds another dimension
- WEE is about Excellence by OUR OWN SELF
3
WHAT
• I am LUCKY
- what % ?
- high IQ
- family support
- part of only 0.5% of India’s / world’s intelligentsia
- then I am 99.5% lucky already!
but this is ‘Luck By Chance’
• What got me here was necessary – but is not sufficient
• Talent x Nurturing = Potential . . .
& Potential x Harnessing = Performance
Success is only the shadow of Performance
I need to nurture / harness my own talent
and this is ‘Luck by Design’
4
HOW
• Bloom’s Taxonomy
Create
Evaluate
Apply
Understand
Memorize
• ReaCtive Crea tive

• Connect the dots * * *
* * *
* * *
HOW
• Think like a champion
Behave like a champion
BE a star:
continuous fusion of H₂ atoms
• Creating Self :
+ A(wareness)
+ B(elief)
+ C(onfidence)
+ D(iscipline) / Dedication
----------------
= E(xcellence)
----------------
WHO
• I need to take charge of my Talent
- cannot rely on Luck by Chance
- I must create / Design my Luck
- increase probability of converting Talent
Performance
Su
ccess
• I & Me (the H₂ atoms)

• Build ‘Brand Me’
- analyse my strengths & create new capabilities
• Prepare for new Opportunities
- Luck is when Preparation Opportunity
• (L)EARN-ability
By Raising my Performance
• Cheetah versus
• Usain Bolt
• Sergey Bubka / Yelena Isinbayeva
• Sachin Tendulkar & Vinod Kambli

• Arunima Sinha
• ‘Steady head’ for Focus

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THA_5cqAfCQ
10
Thank you!
. . . !!! . . .
11
VEE
Building ‘Brand Me’
IQ
Y20
July 2021
WHO
• I need to take charge of ‘Me’ (my Talent)
- cannot rely on Luck by Chance (already 99.9% lucky)
- I must create / Design my Luck (additional 100%)
- by converting my Talent Performance
- this increses probability of S u c c e s s
• I & Me (the H₂ atoms)
• Build ‘Brand Me’
- analyse my strengths & create new capabilities
- Luck by Design: when Preparation Opportunity
• (L)EARN-ability
2
Building ‘Brand Me’
Who am I ?
In 0.5% of the world’s intelligentsia -
Therefore a potential Star
IQ
5 key aspects of Me
Tip (head) of this star = IQ
Harnessing / Using IQ
to increase my knowledge bank
Attributes desired
• Knowledgable
- any specialised area
- wide range of areas
• Determined
- Focussed
- Committed (Perseverance)
- puts failure behind & moves on
• Growth oriented (good learner)
• Doer / Performer
- speedy and crisp execution
- unique contribution (Make a Difference)
“All my CEOs are Stars” -
LN Mittal
1. IQ
• Innate agility of the brain
- high energy / enthusiastic / +ve attitude
- curious
- experiment, explore, innovate
- quick to learn
• Capacity to learn
• Desire to do better / to Excel
- LNMIIT tag line: “Excellence is our motto”
So a high IQ is a great start …

but, “What Got you Here won’t Get You There”
- book by Marshal Goldsmith
We must design ‘ME Ver2.0’ 5
HOW
Create
Evaluate
Apply
Understand
Memorize
• ReaCtive Crea tive

HOW
• Connect the dots 1* ----->2*-----> 3* ----> A
4* 5* 6*
7* 8* 9*
B
Thinking Out-of-the-Box
Applications of IQ
• Initiative
- take charge … not wait for someone else
• Innovative
- think beyond the obvious … out of the box
• Integrative
- connect the dots … not mug in absolute terms
• Insightful
- ‘read between the lines’
• Intuitive
- listen to subconscious intelligence … System 1 & 2
8
System 1 & System2
• Intelligence = integration of System 1 & 2
• System 1: (Base of the head): Primal instinct
- evolved over centuries … from primate to human
- ‘data’ processed over time
- instinctive, very fast, BUT reactive, not high accuracy
• System 2: (Forehead): Logic & Reasoning
- much more recent in evolution
- processing ‘new data’ and analysing ‘old data’
- scientific, methodical, high accuracy… BUT very
slow
• Challenge: integrate the two for optimal efficiency
- Creativity is where the two Systems meet
Taking you from Kota Sriharikota 9

10
11
Thank you!
. . . !!! . . .
12
VEE
-------
2(a) Emotional Quotient
(EQ)
Part 1
Y20
July 2021
Welcome back
These are challenging times
But challenges always bring opportunities
They are 2 sides of the same coin
Opportunities :
to grow
to learn from difficulties
to DO more than the ordinary
to excel in little ways
Just to recall :
‘WEE’ is also about excelling
by building ‘Brand Me’
Luck by Design =
preparation opportunity
Brand Me
Just to recall :
We have Talent

this is our main strength
we discussed how to grow our knowledge using our IQ
Today’s session
The head point of the star (IQ)
is ‘sitting’ on 2 shoulder points
IQ
EQ
EQ (emotional quotient) = Mental Chemistry

WHY Emotional Quotient
• How does EQ ‘support/strengthen’ IQ (knowledge base)
- by providing another stable shoulder (apart from PQ)
- without it, our brain (IQ) cannot function optimally
- so EQ increases value creation by the brain
- remember ‘Creat__ive” (engineer’s main ability )
6
7
8
9
What are these feelings?
GLAD
Happy SAD
Hopeful Unhappy
Satisfied Dejected
Excited Alone
Proud Hopeless
Thrilled Regretful
Disappointed
MAD
Angry BAD
Irritated Nervous
Annoyed Anxious
Hatred Worried 10
Furious Afraid
• Do not ignore, resist, avoid, or be numb.
• Acknowledge it. Talk about it.
• Understand our reactive brains can play tricks
– Catastrophizing/ Hijacking
– All or nothing
– Taking it personally
– Filtering/ Assuming
– Being a victim
• Be kind to ourselves.
• What can I do right now? Take small steps.
• Seek support.
11
Our Counsellor:
Mrs Arshita Nair
935 150 9622
12
Thank you!
. . . iii . . .
13
Just to recall
Mr Ruchir Sodhani’s session
“Emotional Intelligence”
• Johari Window build Brand Me
- expand the ‘Known’ part (= ‘Me’)
- explore ‘Blind Spot’ & ‘Unknown’
• Harness emotions
Glad – Sad – Mad – Scared
• Self care
= I am responsible for developing Me
• Success Happiness ??
3. Emotional Quotient
- by providing a stable shoulder
- without it, our brain cannot function optimally
- so EQ increases value creation by the brain
15
5 sub points of EQ
• Engagement: ‘whole-hearted’ involvement
• Enthusiasm: eliminates moodiness
• Empathy: for others overcomes selfishness
- and also for oneself (increases emotional stamina)
• Elasticity: ability to recover quickly = resilience
• Ego:
- is necessary and useful - if harnessed
- can derail IQ - if not controlled
Equilibrium:
maintain emotional balance
16
VEE
-------
2(b) Emotional Quotient
(EQ)
Part 2
Y20
July 2021
Previous session
IQ
EQ
EQ (emotional quotient) = Mental Chemistry

WHY Emotional Quotient
- by providing another stable shoulder (apart from PQ)
- without it, our brain cannot function optimally
EQ increases value creation by the brain
- remember ‘Creat__ive” (engineer’s desired ability

)
EQ provides:
- immunity (from distraction / disturbance)
- resilience / quick recovery
3
Just to summarise
Mr Ruchir Sodhani’s session
“Emotional Intelligence”
• Johari Window build Brand Me
- expand the ‘Known’ part (= ‘Me’)
- explore ‘Blind Spot’ & ‘Unknown’
• Harness emotions
Glad – Sad – Mad – Scared
• Self care
= I am responsible for developing / strengthening ‘Me’
5
6
What are these feelings?
GLAD
Happy SAD
Hopeful Unhappy
Satisfied Dejected
Excited Alone
Proud Hopeless
Thrilled Regretful
Disappointed
MAD
Angry BAD
Irritated Nervous
Annoyed Anxious
Hatred Worried
Furious Afraid 7
Taking Charge of EQ
• Emotions hormones
Endorphin – Dopamine – Serotonin - Oxytocin
• Harness emotions (vs being ‘hijacked’ by them)
Glad – Sad – Mad – Bad (Scared) : all are useful
• Self care
= I am responsible for developing / strengthening ‘Me’
= Be aware of my emotions
and what triggers them
= Respond mindfully (vs Reacting impulsively)
Happiness is an ‘inside job’ –
It is elusive, but we can manage it
5 sub points of EQ
• Engagement: ‘whole-hearted’ involvement
• Enthusiasm: eliminates / minimises moodiness
• Empathy: for others overcomes selfishness
- and also for oneself (increases emotional stamina)
• Elasticity: ability to recover quickly = resilience
• Ego:
- is necessary and useful - if harnessed
- can disturb / derail IQ - if not controlled
Equilibrium:
maintain emotional balance
9
Our Counsellor:
Mrs Arshita Nair
935 150 9622
10
Thank you!
. . . iii . . .
11
VEE
-------
3. Physical Quotient
(PQ)
Y20
July 2021
Today’s session
IQ
PQ EQ
The point on the left is PQ (Physical Quotient)

Why does IQ depend on its support ?
Nature’s laws
• Balance / Equilibrium
- even on the run
- Cheetah
• Stability in high energy motion

- centripetal & centrifugal forces
- rotation = 30 km per minute
- revolution = 30 km per second
- solar system = 230 km per second
- galaxy = 480 km per second
• Change is the only Constant!
3
4
5
6
7
2. Physical Quotient
• Without PQ our brain cannot function optimally
- PQ = ‘power grid’ energy to the brain
• PQ increases creativity of the brain
- when we are fit, alert and agile
- or can deplete it when we are tired or ill
• It reduces ‘down time’ by providing
- immunity
- consistent good health (X frequent colds, etc)
- resilience (quick recovery)
• We usually take PQ for granted
it is the ‘Arrogance of IQ’
IQ cannot sustain without PQ
8
5 sub points of PQ
Taking charge of my habits
• ‘Pakwaan’ - (nutrition)
- greed vs need (mouth vs stomach)
- eating vs digesting vs metabolising
- mugging vs understanding vs creativity
• ‘Paani’ - (water)
- quantity
- frequency
- timing
9
5 sub points of PQ
Taking charge of my habits
• ‘Pakwaan’ - (nutrition)
• ‘Paani’ - (water)
• ‘Praan’ - (breathing)
- optimal breathing (as ‘thermostat’ for balance of
mind)
- quality of breathing, meditation
• ‘Pranayam’ - (exercise)
- exercise, yoga, aerobics
- for muscle tone & stamina
• Pillow - (sleep)
- quantity, quality & timing of sleep
- power breaks (commas & full stops)
10
- importance for mental metabolism
11
Thank you!
. . . iii . . .
12
VEE
-------
4. Social Quotient
(SQ)
Y20
July 2021
Just to recall :
‘WEE’ is about excelling -
Designing my Luck =
Building a bridge across the gorge
With Work Ethic
Talent BRIDGE Success
------
Brand Me
Just to recall :
IQ
PQ EQ
In the previous sessions

2 shoulders: PQ & EQ
Our IQ grows our knowledge bank
PQ physical agility, energy, stamina
EQ emotional balance & resilience
Today’s session
The point with a multiplier impact on Brand Me
(PQ & EQ have an additive impact)
IQ
PQ EQ
SQ
The point on the lower right =
SQ (Social Quotient)
It helps amplify my performance 4x
Social Quotient
• In our last 2 classes :
- explained importance of EQ
- harnessing the internal relationship (between I & Me)
• SQ = external relationship (between ME & WE)
• Why: in professional world, my succe$$ will depend:
- 20% on ME (my talent)
- 80% on WE (my team working ability)
- so SQ can multiply my performance 4x
• (ME 100% + WE 400%) = 500% total output
(who said 100% is the limit?)
5
Social Quotient
• Dealing with VUCA
Volatility
Uncertainty
Complexity
Ambiguity
• A term borrowed from Army training
used regularly to prepare sports-persons
used equally so in business management
6
5 sub points of SQ
• Sharing: (critical importance of interdependence)
- punctuality & availability
- speed of responses
- quality of responses
• Supportive: catering to others’ priorities

- respecting their timelines
• Sympathetic: appreciate others’ difficulties

- recognize that their objective is ours
- like: passing the baton in a relay race
passing the ball in football
running between wickets in cricket
7
5 sub points of SQ
• Sharing
• Supportive
• Sympathetic
• Synergetic: we are part of an orchestra

- respect peers, gender, juniors, helpers
• Selfless: putting others ahead of ourself

- expand definition of ‘self’ (team, family, country)
Remember: SQ MULTIPLIES my performance 4x
8
Thank you!
. . . iii . . .
9
VEE
------
5. Spiritual Quotient
(SpQ)
Y20
July 2021
Just to recall :
‘WEE’ is about excelling -
Designing my Luck =
------
Brand Me
Just to recall :
IQ
PQ EQ
SQ
Our IQ grows our knowledge bank
PQ physical agility, energy, stamina
EQ emotional balance & resilience
SQ network, team work = multiplier
Today’s session
The point with an exponential impact on Brand Me
IQ
PQ EQ
SpQ SQ
SpQ (Spiritual Quotient)

this is not about religious spiritualism
but about nurturing / harnessing our inner spirit
= managing our ATTITUDE to work
and our relationship with our inner self
Spiritual Quotient
• We have reiterated in earlier classes: we are a
- which is the nearest star in the universe?
- a star works on fusion of 2 H₂ atoms 1 Helium atom
- similarly we are as good as our internal SPIRIT (I & Me)
• Our mind can work at exponential levels when we are

- positive, keen, eager, excited
- encouraged, inspired, motivated
5
Spiritual Quotient
• As a professional, we must
- inspire / motivate our own self (I am my best supporter)
- in spite of external circumstances
- PAIN = Positive Attitude In Negative situations
we win
Then nothing can ever upset us
6
Spiritual Quotient
7
Spiritual Quotient
8
The Magic Mantra of Sp Q
WE E
*Success*
Performance
Excellence
Work Ethic
= Luck by
Design
Harnessing
5Qs
Potential
Performance
9
5 sub points of SpQ
• Spark
- self reboot
• Speed
- quick to action
• Sprightliness
- energetic, enthusiastic, positive
• Spunk
- courage, guts, staying power
• Sporty
- forgiving, quick recovery (bounce back)
SpQ impacts my performance EXPONENTIALLY
10
Thank you!
. . . !!! . . .
11
VEE
Recap
Y20
July 2021
Why
Who
What
How
When & Where
WHY
• For success in my career
- WEE increase its probability
• To harness / nurture my talent
• I am LUCKY
- high IQ + family support
- part of only 0.5% of India’s / world’s intelligentsia
- so I am already 99.5% lucky – but ‘By Chance’
• What got me here was NECESSARY
– but is NOT SUFFICIENT
3
WHY
- cannot rely on Luck by Chance
- must create Luck BY DESIGN
- increase probability of converting Talent Success
- Luck is when Preparation Opportunity
• Build a bridge over the gorge between Talent & Success
- strengthen technical pillars
- create additional capabilities
4
WHAT
• Brand Me
• With 99.5% luck I am a potential star

- becoming a ‘Sachin’ … not ‘Kambli’
• Raising my performance capability to not just 100%
- but to >500%
• Developing all 5 points of the star (5Qs)
WHAT
• Potential Star IQ
PQ EQ
ME
SpQ SQ
• Developing all 5 points of the star
- IQ : expanding knowledge base using IQ
- EQ : harnessing my emotional (volatile) energy
- PQ : being fit, alert, agile
immunity/stamina/resilience
- SQ : team working (4x multiplier effect)
- SpQ : inner spirit (fusion of H₂ atoms) – exponential
impact
• Being a Star
HOW
• Think like a Champion
• Build ‘Brand Me’ by creating:
Self-
+ A(wareness)
+ B(elief)
+ C(onfidence)
+ D(iscipline) / Respect
----------------
= E(xcellence)
----------------
HOW
Create
Evaluate
Analyse
Apply
Understand
Memorize
• ReaCtive Crea__tive
• Connect the dots * * *
* * *
* * *
WHO, WHEN, WHERE
• Who
- I & Me (the H₂ atoms)
- I am my best friend, mentor, motivator
- Me & We (20% + 80%)
• Where & When
- here & starting now
- build ‘Brand Me’ every day in every way
Keep my head steady & focussed

like the Cheetah . . .
10
11
Wish you all the very best
with your Luck by Design
and building your ‘Brand Me’
for Succe$$
at LNMIIT
and in your career ahead!
12
YES, WE CAN…and WE WILL!
13
Thank you!
. . . !!! . . .
14
The Virtue Ethics
Ethics
⚫ The study of what is right or good in Conduct.
⚫ Right (from Latin rectus)- Straight or according to rule
⚫ Good (from German gut)- A thing is good when it is
valuable for some end. It is not a means to an end but
an end in itself. Supreme good means the ‘supreme
end’ at which we aim.
⚫ There is some standard/ideal of judgement by
reference to which we can say that one form of
conduct is better than another.
⚫ Ethics as the science or general study of the ideal
involved in human life.
⚫ Conduct is a habit.
Virtue Ethics
⚫ Virtue Ethics regards actions as right that manifest
good character traits (virtues) and regards actions
as bad that display bad character traits (vice).
⚫ This Ethical theory focuses on the type of person

we should strive to be.
Virtue
⚫ From Latin vir, a man or hero
⚫ Inner habits of mind or a good habit of character
⚫ A man does his duty but he possesses a virtue.
⚫ Virtue ethics is closely tied to personal character.
(responsibility, honesty, competence, loyalty, fairness,
courage, humility Vs irresponsibility, dishonesty,
incompetence, disloyalty, and arrogance)
⚫ Aristotle- Habits of deliberate choice; habit of choosing the

mean
⚫ A Particular intermediate course appropriate to a particular
individual and to a particular circumstance in which he is
placed
Ethos of a people(Moral habitudes of
thought and action)
⚫ Definite commands and precepts
⚫ It also consists of recognized habits of action and standards of
judgement which have never been formulated.
⚫ The atmosphere in which the best members of a race habitually
live or the universe of their moral activities or the morality of
their world
⚫ The man who confirms to the morality of that world is a good
man, and the man who violates it is a bad man.
⚫ Its significance can be appreciated only in relation to the general
life of the times. It develops, like social life generally, by the
constant efforts of the best members of a race
The Cardinal Virtues
The word cardinal comes from the Latin cardo,

translated as “hinge.”
⚫ Wisdom (or Prudence)
⚫ Courage ( or Fortitude)
⚫ Temperance (or Self-Restraint)
⚫ Justice (or Righteousness)
Self regarding virtues
⚫ Courage
⚫ Valor ( Active courage-resistance to the fear of pain)
⚫ Fortitude (Passive courage)
⚫ Temperance
⚫ Sensual or intellectual (Self-Restraint, resistance to the
allurement of pleasure)
⚫ Wisdom- care, foresight, prudence, decisiveness of choice
⚫ Perseverance
⚫ Faith and Hope
⚫ Decision, Diligence, and Perseverance
altruistic virtues
⚫ Justice
⚫ Honesty and fidelity
⚫ Generosity and love -Relationships of contract
into relationships of friendship or love
⚫ Courtesy, cheerfulness and good humour in social
intercourse
⚫ Abstaining from something which is unlawful
Virtues relative to the social function
⚫ Rich (liberality) Vs Poor (patience)
⚫ Self regarding virtues and altruistic virtues
Education of characters
⚫ Complete development of character can be attained
only by devoting ourselves to some large end or
ideal that has real value, intrinsic or instrumental,
in co-operation with others.
⚫ A certain amount of ascetic discipline is sometimes
found valuable.
⚫ Expel your evil propensities by developing good
ones rather than by seeking directly to crush the
evil ones.
⚫ Attention to the inner life is also important
Virtues expected of Engineers
⚫ Public-spirited Virtues: Doing no harm, Promoting
public safety, health, and welfare, Generosity, Justice
within corporations
⚫ Proficiency Virtues: Competence, Diligence,
Creativity
⚫ Teamwork Virtues: Collegiality, Cooperativeness,
Loyalty and respect, leadership qualities
⚫ Self-Governance Virtues: Self-understanding and good
moral judgement called practical wisdom, courage,
self-discipline, perseverance, fidelity to commitments,
self-respect, and integrity, honesty and trustworthiness
Ask questions
⚫ Is this action honest?
⚫ Will this action demonstrate loyalty to my
community/employer?
⚫ Have I acted in a responsible fashion?
⚫ Dilemma – Honour as dignity or pride?

The Moral Syllogism
⚫ Major Premise- General statement ( A particular
social institution is to be maintained, a particular
type of life is to be realized, that a particular value
is to be achieved)
⚫ Minor Premise- An apprehension that an action of
a particular kind would fulfill these conditions
⚫ Conclusion- Carrying out the action in question
⚫ https://www.ted.com/talks/peter_singer_the_why_and_
how_of_effective_altruism
⚫ https://www.ted.com/talks/kailash_satyarthi_how_to_
make_peace_get_angry
Acknowledgement
⚫ Slides are adapted from A Manual of Ethics by John S.
Mackenzie
The Duties and Rights Ethics
Duties of an Engineer??
Duty Ethics (Deontology)
⚫ Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
⚫ Moral Law or Moral Ought: Obligations as general
command to realize rational self
⚫ “Moral duties are fundamental” – Kant
⚫ Ethical Acts are a result of proper performance of

one’s duties
⚫ What makes a good person good is his possession of a

will that is in a certain way “determined” by, or makes
its decisions on the basis of, the moral law.
Categorical and Hypothetical Imperative
⚫ A categorical imperative is a command which applies

to us unconditionally.
⚫ A hypothetical imperative is a command in a

conditional form.
⚫ Be honest, so that people will think well of you.
⚫ It is our duty to be honest. (“Duty for duty's sake,”
“Virtue is its own reward” )
Three formulations of Kant’s Categorical
Imperative
⚫ I “Act only according to that maxim whereby you can
at the same time will that it should become a universal
law without contradiction.”
⚫ II “Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether
in your own person or in the person of any other, never
merely as a means to an end but always at the same
time as an end.”
⚫ III “Therefore, every rational being must so act as if he
were through his maxim always a legislating member
in the universal kingdom of ends.” Immanuel
Kant, Groundwork of Metaphysic of Morals
Rights Ethics
⚫ Formulated by John Locke (1632-1704)
⚫ Humans have the right to life, liberty, and property
⚫ People have fundamental rights that other people have

a duty to respect (Human Rights)
⚫ Conflict- Example of a Dam

Utilitarianism
⚫ Those actions are good that serve to maximize human
well-being.
⚫ Example-
⚫ Dams
⚫ Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) near Carlsbad, New
Mexico
Rule and Act Utilitarianism
⚫ Rule Utilitarianism- Moral rules are most important.
Moral rules should always be adhered to irrespective
of the outcome because adhering to these rules will
ultimately lead to the most good.
⚫ Act Utilitarianism- Focuses on individual actions

rather than on rules.
⚫ The best known proponent was John Stuart
Mill(1806-1873). Individual actions should be judged
based on whether the most good is produced in a given
situation, else rules should be broken.
Rule and Act Utilitarianism
⚫ Rule Utilitarianism- One ought to do an action based
on a rule that maximizes happiness in general (i.e.,
whether or not that action maximizes happiness in the
particular situation one finds oneself in).
⚫ E.g. – “Always tell the truth”.
⚫ Road Rules
⚫ Act Utilitarianism - One ought to do that action that
maximizes happiness in a particular situation for the
people affected by the action.
⚫ E.g.- “Don’t tell the truth in this situation, because the
truth would only hurt somebody, and would benefit
nobody else.”
The Ethical Question (Simple Example): I have
made a promise to meet a friend who is on his
deathbed; should I keep my promise?
⚫ The Ethical Question (Complex Example): I
have made a promise to meet a friend who is on his
deathbed; on my way to meet him, I find a woman
who is wounded (but curable) and needs my help
(no one else is around). Should I keep my
promise?
⚫ A doctor saves five people from death by killing one
healthy person and using that person’s organs for
life-saving transplants for the other five. Which ethical
theory has motivated the doctor to perform this act?
Example
⚫ Take the example of a judge sending a murderer to
prison. Say the judge knows the convict will not
commit any more violent crimes, and wants to be
lenient based on this knowledge (maybe the convict is
very old or terminally ill). The judge knows that this
will make the convict very happy, not to mention their
family and friends. Imagine that the victim’s family
has forgiven the convict and will not feel pain as a
result of this decision.
Should the judge let the convict go?
⚫ Imagine there is a trolley heading toward a group of 5
workers on the tracks. You are sitting in a control
center several miles away, and you have a button that
can switch the trolley onto another track where there’s
only 1 worker. If you flip the switch, one person will
die. If you do nothing, 5 people will die.
Should you flip the switch?
Nature of Moral Law
⚫ For Jews duty in the form of ten commandments
Duty (Right) to Life
⚫ Commandment- Thou shalt not kill (You should not
kill)
⚫ Involves the care of our own, and the avoidance of
anything likely to injure either our own or another’s
physical well being.
Duty to Freedom
⚫ Commandment-Treat every human being as a person,
never as a mere thing
⚫ Avoid use of another as a mere means to one’s own
end(e.g. slavery, despotism, exploitation, prostitution,
etc.)
⚫ The only intrinsically good thing is a good will.

Duty towards Truth
⚫ Commandment- Thou shalt not lie
⚫ Confirm our actions to our words (fulfil your promises
and observe the contracts
⚫ Confirm our words to our thoughts (say what we mean)
⚫ We must always so speak and act as to express as
clearly as possible what we believe to be true or what
we intend to perform; and that, having expressed our
meaning, we must as far as possible confirm our
actions to it.
Duty towards others’ Character
⚫ Not to injure another individual or do anything that
will interfere with his free development, but also help
him further his development.
⚫ Be a person and respect others as persons.(Hegel)
Duty for Property
⚫ Commandment- Thou shalt not steal/ You should not steal
⚫ Regards for our own property as well as that of others.
⚫ Forbids appropriation of the instruments of another’s well

being (material things or goods such as time, reputation, etc.)
⚫ Condemning all forms of idleness that imply living on the
works of others
Duty towards Social Order
⚫ Commandments- Respect for social institutions and
various forms of social order
⚫ Respect for family and other institutions
⚫ Obeying the law, a politician obeying the party rules
even if he does not approve of them.
Duty towards Progress
⚫ Commandment- Thou shalt labour, within thy
particular province, with all thy heart and with all thy
soul and with all thy strength and with all thy mind for
progress
⚫ (You should work hard within your capability, with all
your heart and soul and with all your strength and
intent/will for progress).
⚫ For advancement of the world
⚫ Work is worship (For Human Progress)
Casuistry (From the Latin casūs (cases))
⚫ Casuistry consists in the effort to interpret the precise
meaning of the commandments, and to explain which
is to give way when a conflict arises.
⚫ Principle based approach Vs Casuistry
⚫ What should be done when a business executive’s duty
to meet a client’s expectations collides with a
professional duty to protect the public?
⚫ A maintenance supply vendor visits the manager of a
large apartment building and demonstrates the
advantages of switching to energy-efficient lightbulbs.
The vendor adds, “We’re having a special promotion
right now. Everyone who orders 10 cases of bulbs gets
a free emergency radio.” Is it ethical for the manager to
order 10 cases and accept the gift?
⚫ Generally accepted rule:“Get the best value for the
building owner’s money.”
⚫ A look for analogous paradigm cases.
Examples of Casuistry
⚫ The knife of a man (right to property) about to commit
murder (right to life)
⚫ If a friend is dangerously ill, would you uphold respect
for life or respect for truth?
⚫ If a homicidal maniac were to enquire how he could

reach his victim?
⚫ Lying to save a life
⚫ Any other examples??

Duties of Perfect and imperfect
Obligations/Duties
⚫ Perfect Obligation- A definite demand is made upon us
(e.g. – You should not kill, You should not steal, You
should not lie, etc.,)
⚫ Imperfect Obligation- No definite demand; Can not be
definitely formulated; it is relative to time, place and
circumstances. E.g. My duty to perfect myself, My
duty to help others, Charity, etc.
My station and its duties
⚫ ‘Do the duty that lies nearest thee’
⚫ A man does not want rules for the performance of
anything which he has deeply at heart.
⚫ Every human being to find out for himself what he is
to do, and to do it.
⚫ Ethics only instructs him where to look for it, and
helps him to see why it is worth while to find it and to
do it.
⚫ Ethics tells us the ‘spirit’ in which our lives are to be
lived.
Acknowledgement
⚫ All slides are adapted from A Manual of Ethics by
John S. Mackenzie.
Vice, Sin and Crime
Moral Evil
⚫ Each man’s moral life is a universe in itself (Broad or
Narrow)
⚫ Weak Character (no character at all)–faultily
faultless(Fortune favours fools)
⚫ Strong Character- e.g. poet, reformer, Socrates
⚫ Moral judgment should be based on achievements
rather than shortcomings
Vice (From Latin vitium, a defect or
blemish)
⚫ Moral defects- inner or outer
⚫ Flaws of character or issuing in evil deeds
⚫ Evil in the heart, motive (E.g.- Ingratitude- because
there is invisible offence )
⚫ Dishonesty, Incompetence, Cowardice, Unfairness,
Disloyalty, Arrogance, Yielding to pleasure, failing to
endure pain, unwise in our choices, not strenuous in
purpose
Sin
⚫ Vice that issues in an evil deed (just like virtue)
⚫ The good intention is not so good as the good act;
whereas the bad intention is on the whole worse than
the bad act.(sowing wild oats)
Crime
⚫ The term used in a narrower sense than sin.
⚫ Offences against society which are recognized by law
and which are liable to punishment.
Punishment
⚫ Evil consequences of sin upon the perpetrator, hurt the
soul
⚫ According to Socrates, it is worse for a man to do
wrong than to suffer wrong
⚫ Natural sense of justice (Virtuous Vs Vicious man)
⚫ The feelings of revenge and gratitude have rational
support
⚫ As the moral consciousness develops, the feeling of
personal resentment becomes less keen
⚫ A wrong against social law is a wrong against
humanity and cannot be forgiven
Theories of Punishment
Aims of Punishment
Preventive (or deterrent)
You are not punished for stealing sheep, but in order that
sheep may not be stolen
Educative (or reformative) – Penalty of death??
Retributive- To allow a man’s deed to return on his own

head. It is only when an offender sees the punishment of
his crime to be the natural or logical outcome of his act
that he is likely to be led to any real repentance
Responsibility
⚫ Evidence of insanity?
⚫ A man’s acts are the expression of his own character
⚫ A man can be blamed for the condition in which he is;
he is to be blamed for having habitually lived in a
universe in which impulsive acts are possible.
Remorse
⚫ Pain of conscience; a result of discord between our
deeds and our ideals; scarcely felt in the ‘hardened
sinner’
⚫ Sense of having fallen from one’s proper level
⚫ A sense of degradation in one’s whole moral character
Reformation
⚫ Natural effect of remorse (stifling the conscience)
⚫ Listen to the voice of conscious, make an effort to
bring our own actions once more into accordance with
the ideals of which we are aware.
⚫ Renewal of our whole nature-Process of habituating
ourselves to a higher universe, involving a
transformation of our whole nature (‘Create in me a
clean heart’)
Forgiveness
⚫ The ‘wheel comes full circle’ through a process of
punishment, repentance and reformation (through law)
⚫ This revolution may be effected without the
intervention of punishment, through education.
Crime
Forgivenes Punishmen
s t
Reformatio Responsibili
n ty
Remorse
Social Corruption
⚫ Civilizations ought to make virtue as easy and vice as
difficult as possible
⚫ It is arranged not for the promotion of virtue but only
of respectability
⚫ Among the rich, luxury is encouraged
⚫ Wants are multiplied, men are tempted to use
dishounourable means to seek satisfaction
⚫ Poor are exploited
⚫ Nation declines and falls or saved by revolutions
⚫ Other nations feel justified in stepping in for its
punishment.
⚫ https://www.ted.com/talks/anand_giridharadas_a_tale_
of_two_americas_and_the_mini_mart_where_they_col
lided
⚫ https://www.ted.com/talks/kiran_bedi_a_police_chief_
with_a_difference
Acknowledgement
⚫ Slides are adapted from A Manual of Ethics by John S.
Mackenzie
⚫ https://archive.org/details/manualofethics00mackiala/p
age/394/mode/2up - Pg.393
Assignment
⚫ Do you think Poverty, Socio-economic, Psychic
compulsions, undeserved adversities in life need to be
considered while sentencing corporal punishment to
the guilty ?
Professionalism & Codes of Ethics
Intel Pentium Chip Case

Nature of a Profession
⚫ Work that requires sophisticated skills, the use of
judgment, and the exercise of discretion
⚫ Work is not routine and is not mechanized
⚫ Requires extensive formal education
⚫ Members of Professional Societies/Engineering
Societies or organizations that are controlled by
members of the profession
⚫ Significant public good results from the practice of the
profession
⚫ E.g.- Carpentry, Athletics, Medicine, Law
Engineering Societies
⚫ IEEE: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics

Engineers
⚫ ASME: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
⚫ ACM: Association of Computing Machinery
⚫ ASCE: American Society of Civil Engineers
⚫ AIChE: American Institute of Chemical Engineers
⚫ NSPE: National Society of Professional Engineers
Codes of Ethics of Professional/Engineering
Societies
⚫ A framework for ethical judgment for a professional.
⚫ Defines the roles and responsibilities of professionals.
⚫ A commitment to ethical conduct.
⚫ Reiterate principles and standards that are already accepted
as responsible engineering practice.
⚫ Creates an environment for ethical behavior.
⚫ It indicates that the profession is seriously concerned about
responsible professional behavior.
⚫ It provides a little backup for an individual who is being
pressured by a superior to behave unethically.
⚫ A code of ethics should not be used as ‘window dressing’.
Code of IEEE
⚫ We, the members of the IEEE, in recognition of the importance
of our technologies in affecting the quality of life throughout the
world, and in accepting a personal obligation to our profession,
its members and the communities we serve, do hereby commit
ourselves to the highest ethical and professional conduct and
agree:
1. to accept responsibility in making decisions consistent with
the safety, health, and welfare of the public, and to disclose
promptly factors that might endanger the public or the
environment;
2. to avoid real or perceived conflicts of interest whenever
possible, and to disclose them to affected parties when they do
exist;
3. to be honest and realistic in stating claims or estimates based
on available data;
4.to reject bribery in all its forms;
5. to improve the understanding of technology; its appropriate
application, and potential consequences;
Code of IEEE
6. to maintain and improve our technical competence and to
undertake technological tasks for others only if qualified by
training or experience, or after full disclosure of pertinent
limitations;
7. to seek, accept, and offer honest criticism of technical work,
to acknowledge and correct errors, and to credit properly the
contributions of others;
8. to treat fairly all persons and to not engage in acts of
discrimination based on race, religion, gender, disability, age,
national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender
expression;
9.to avoid injuring others, their property, reputation, or
employment by false or malicious action;
10. to assist colleagues and co-workers in their professional
development and to support them in following this code of
ethics.
Code of ACM
⚫ Software engineers shall commit themselves to making the analysis,
specification, design, development, testing and maintenance of
software a beneficial and respected profession. In accordance with
their commitment to the health, safety and welfare of the public,
software engineers shall adhere to the following Eight Principles:
1. Public: Software engineers shall act consistently with the public
interest.
2. Client and Employer: Software engineers shall act in a manner that is
in the best interests of their client and employer, consistent with the
public interest.
3. Product: Software engineers shall ensure that their products and
related modifications meet the highest professional standards possible.
4. Judgement: Software engineers shall maintain integrity and
independence in their professional judgment.
5. Management: Software engineering managers and leaders shall
subscribe to and promote an ethical approach to the management of
software development and maintenance.
6. Profession: Software engineers shall advance the integrity and
reputation of the profession consistent with the public interest.
7. Colleagues: Software engineers shall be fair to and supportive of their
colleagues.
Code of ASME
⚫ The Fundamental Principles
Engineers uphold and advance the integrity, honor and
dignity of the engineering profession by:
1. Using their knowledge and skill for the enhancement
of human welfare;
2. Being honest and impartial, and serving with fidelity
the public, their employers and clients; and
3. Striving to increase the competence and prestige of
the engineering profession.
Code of ASME
⚫ The Fundamental Canons
1. Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the public in
the performance of their professional duties.
2. Engineers shall perform services only in the areas of their competence.
3. Engineers shall continue their professional development throughout their
careers and shall provide opportunities for the professional and ethical
development of those engineers under their supervision.
4. Engineers shall act in professional matters for each employer or client as
faithful agents or trustees, and shall avoid conflicts of interest or the
appearance of conflicts of interest.
5. Engineers shall build their professional reputation on the merit of their
services and shall not compete unfairly with others.
6. Engineers shall associate only with reputable persons or organizations.
7. Engineers shall issue public statements only in an objective and truthful
manner.
8. Engineers shall consider environmental impact in the performance of their
professional duties.
9. Engineers shall not seek ethical sanction against
another engineer unless there is good reason to do so
under the relevant codes, policies and procedures
governing that engineer’s ethical conduct.
10. Engineers who are members of the Society shall
endeavor to abide by the Constitution, By-Laws, and
Policies of the Society, and they shall disclose
knowledge of any matter involving another member’s
alleged violation of this Code of Ethics or the Society’s
Conflicts of Interest Policy in a prompt, complete, and
truthful manner to the chair of the Committee on Ethical
Standards and Review.
Objections to Codes
⚫ Few practicing engineers are members of professional
societies.
⚫ Many are not aware of the existence of the society’s
codes.
⚫ Consultation of the code is rare.
⚫ Codes can be coercive (Stick or Carrot).
What a Code of Ethics is not…
⚫ A recipe for ethical behaviour
⚫ A substitute for sound judgement
⚫ A legal document
⚫ Doesn’t create new moral or ethical principles
⚫ A code helps the engineer to apply moral principles to
the unique situations encountered in professional
practice.
Models of Professions/Professional Societies
⚫ Social Contract Model- It views professional societies

as being set up primarily to further the public good.
⚫ Business Model – According to this view, Professional
societies function as a means for furthering the
economic advantage of the members.
Resolving Internal Conflict
⚫ An employer asks or even orders an engineer to
implement a design that the engineer feels will be
unsafe. It is made clear that the engineer’s job is at
stake if he doesn’t do as instructed.
⚫ If you were the engineer in this case, what would you
do?
Can Codes and Professional Societies
Protect Employees
⚫ Code of the professional societies may be used by the
employee as ammunition against an employer who
asks him to engage in unethical act.
⚫ E.g.- Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) organization
and action of IEEE
Corporate Codes of Ethics
1. More coercive
2. Longer and more detailed
3. Corporate codes (company policies on business practices,
relationship with suppliers, relationship with government
agencies, compliance with government regulations,
health and safety issues, issues related to environmental
protection, sexual harassment, diversity and racial
tolerance etc.)
4. To help establish a strong corporate ethics culture
5. Provides ready access to guidelines and policies of the
corporation
6. Cannot cover all possible situations
7. No substitute for good judgment
Codes of Engineering Societies
⚫ Early codes: Forbid advertising of services or prohibit
competitive bidding by engineers for design projects.
⚫ Spell out duties that engineers have towards the
employers.
⚫ Now a days: Most codes emphasize commitments to

safety, public health, and even environment protection
as the most important duties of the engineering
employees.
Acknowledgement
⚫ All slides are adapted from Engineering Ethics by
Charles B. Fleddermann
The Rights and Responsibilities of
Engineers
BART Case
BART Case
⚫ In the early 1970s, work was nearing completion on the
Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system in the San
Francisco Bay metropolitan area. The design for BART
was very innovative, utilizing a highly automated train
system with no direct human control of the trains. In the
spring of 1972, three engineers working for BART were
fired for insubordination. During the course of their work
on the project, the three had become concerned about the
safety of the automated control system and were not
satisfied with the test procedures being used by
Westinghouse, the contractor for the BART train controls.
Unable to get a satisfactory response from their immediate
supervisors, the engineers resorted to an anonymous memo
to upper management detailing their concerns and even met
with a BART board member to discuss the situation.
The information on the problems at BART was leaked to the press
by the board member, leading to the firing of the engineers. They
subsequently sued BART and were aided in their suit by the
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), which
contended that they were performing their ethical duties as
engineers in trying to protect the safety of the public that would use
BART. Eventually, the engineers were forced to settle the case out
of court for only a fraction of the damages that they were seeking.
There are many rights and responsibilities that engineers must
exercise in the course of their professional careers. Often, these
rights and responsibilities overlap. For example, the BART
engineers had a responsibility to the public to see that the BART
system was safe and the right to have their concerns taken seriously
by management without risking their jobs. Unfortunately, in this
case, their rights and responsibilities were not respected by BART.
In this chapter, we will take a closer look at these and other rights
and responsibilities of engineers.
Professional Responsibilities
⚫ Confidentiality
⚫ Proprietary Information
⚫ Conflict of Interest
⚫ Environmental Ethics
Confidentiality and Proprietary Information
⚫ Profession of medicine and law and confidentiality
⚫ Proprietary Information and Nondisclosure agreement
⚫ How long confidentiality extends after an

engineer leaves employment with a company.
Conflict of Interest
⚫ A conflict of interest arises in the workplace when an

employee has competing interests or loyalties that
either are, or potentially can be, at odds with each
other.
OR
⚫ A conflict of interest arises when an interest, if
pursued, could keep a professional from meeting one
of his obligations.
⚫ Actual conflict of interest

⚫ Potential conflict of interest
⚫ Appearance/Apparent of a conflict of interest
Examples of conflict of Interest
⚫ Hiring an unqualified relative to provide services your company
needs
⚫ Starting a company that provides services similar to your
full-time employer
⚫ Failing to disclose that you’re related to a job candidate the
company is considering hiring
⚫ Posting to social media about your company’s weaknesses
⚫ Working part-time at a company that sells a competing product
or service as your full-time employer
⚫ Accepting payment from another company for information about
your employer
⚫ Failing to investigate a subordinate or co-worker's wrongdoing
because they are a friend
⚫ Sharing confidential information about your employer with a
competitor
⚫ Making a purchase or business choice to boost a business that you have
a stake in
⚫ Accepting a favor or a gift from a client above the amount specified as
acceptable by the company
⚫ Owning part of a business that sells goods or services to your employer
⚫ Reporting to a supervisor who is also a close friend or family member
⚫ Doing business or work for a competitor
⚫ Accepting consulting fees and providing advice to another company for
personal gain
⚫ Sharing information in an interview about your employer’s activities or
plans
⚫ Cashing in on a business opportunity that your company might have
pursued
⚫ Source:
https://everfi.com/blog/workplace-training/conflicts-of-interest-at-work/
⚫ Apparent (Appearance) conflicts are, of course, existing
situations or relationships that reasonably could appear to
other parties to involve a conflict of interest.
⚫ Potential conflicts refer, as a general matter, to situations

that do not necessarily constitute or appear to constitute a
COI but where there is a reasonable possibility of an actual
or apparent COI coming into play.
⚫ For instance, where A works at company X, which has as a
supplier company Y, and A’s daughter B is considering
applying for a job at Y, this is not yet an actual or apparent
conflict because B has not yet moved her job plans
forward. But (depending on a variety of facts not provided
in this example) the potential for a conflict is there.
Appearance/Apparent Conflict of
Interest
⚫ Alpha Company is considering using Beta Company
as a supplier, because Beta offers the best goods on
the best terms. But Beta is owned and operated by
Akash, whose twin brother Vijay is a senior manager
of Alpha . Vijay has nothing to do with purchasing
anything for Alpha Company and rigorous controls are
put in place at Alpha to ensure that he doesn’t in any
way help Beta Company in its dealings with Alpha.
Does the fact that Alpha has in fact mitigated any
actual conflict mean that it has done so with the
apparent one?
The Appearance/Apparent of Conflict of Interest
⚫ I’ve recently become Dean of our faculty Affairs, but have not given up
my position as HoD. Is this inappropriate or potentially unethical? Am I
setting the stage for a conflict of interests? If so, what steps might be taken
to mitigate that risk?– DOFA
⚫ Dear Dean,
⚫ In a word: Yes. As dean of the faculty affairs, you are an advocate for your
colleagues in all departments. As HoD, you’re an advocate for your colleagues
in your department. Even if you were an ethical superhero, the appearance of
conflict of interest is too great to hold both positions at the same time. In some
institutions, you can put your term of HoD on hold if you take other
administrative positions — if that’s true of yours, I’d strongly recommend that
you do that and then return to it once your term as dean faculty affairs is over.
Otherwise, you’ll need to step down from one of these jobs. Since the dean
faculty affairs position is new, you’ll probably want to hold onto that and hand
over the HoD position to your deputy HoD, if you have one, or call an
emergency election as soon as you can.
⚫ On the bright side, it sounds like your colleagues at your institution have a
great deal of confidence in your leadership abilities. Congratulations on that
and on your new position!
Environmental Ethics
⚫ Engineering and Environment Pollution
⚫ Western ethical tradition is anthropocentric

⚫ Other traditions?
⚫ Duty of everyone to maintain a healthy biosphere
⚫ Cost-oblivious approach (Duty and Right ethics)
⚫ Cost-benefit approach (Utilitarian ethics)
⚫ Environmental Engineering- Waste water management, air

pollution control, recycling, waste disposal, radiation protection,
industrial hygiene, animal agriculture, environmental
sustainability, public health and environmental engineering law,
⚫ Study the effects of acid rain, global warming, ozone depletion,
water pollution and air pollution from automobile exhausts
and industrial sources.
Computer Ethics
⚫ Computers as the Instrument of Unethical Behaviour
Stealing ( Impersonal nature of the crime,
Baring Banks Disaster, Nick Leeson (1762-1995; losses of $1.3
billion; unauthorized speculative trading in SIMEX)
Edward Snowden (CIA Employee and NSA)
Privacy (Right of an individual to control personal information)
⚫ Computers as the Object of Unethical Acts

Hacking (Gaining unauthorized access to a database; virus) – Facebook
Controversy in the recent times
⚫ Autonomous Computers (A Space Odyssey:2001)
Stocks (In 1987, Dow Jones industrial average fell by 508 points, a
22.6% drop in the overall value of the market)
Weapons(Rely on computer sensors)
⚫ Computer Codes of Ethics
Professional Rights
⚫ Right to Professional Conscience
⚫ Right of Conscientious Refusal
⚫ Engineers and the Defense Industry
Whistleblowing
⚫ Definition- It is the act by an employee of informing
the public or higher management of unethical or illegal
behaviour by an employer or supervisor.
⚫ Internal and External Whistle blowing
⚫ Acknowledged and Anonymous Whistle blowing

When Should Whistle-blowing be attempted
⚫ Need
⚫ Proximity
⚫ Capability
⚫ Last resort
Preventing Whistle blowing
⚫ Strong Corporate Ethics Culture

⚫ Clear lines of Communication
⚫ Meaningful access to high-level managers
⚫ Willingness to admit mistakes by the management
⚫ https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=edward+snowden
&view=detail&mid=B08F8BB9C50AD4A08D1DB08F8B
B9C50AD4A08D1D&FORM=VIRE
⚫ https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Edward+Snowden
+Documentary&&view=detail&mid=194045F8C44286E4
1FE8194045F8C44286E41FE8&&FORM=VRDGAR&ru
=%2Fvideos%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DEdward%2BSnowden%
2BDocumentary%2 6FORM%3DVDMHRS
⚫ https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=Edward+Snowden
+Full+Interview&&view=detail&mid=F963EEF13F2A75F
AF360F963EEF13F2A75FAF360&&FORM=VRDGAR&
ru=%2Fvideos%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DEdward%2BSnowden
%2BFull%2BInterview%26FORM%3DVDMHRS
Edward Joseph Snowden (born June 21, 1983) is a former computer intelligence
consultant who copied and leaked highly classified information from the National
Security Agency (NSA) in 2013 when he was a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
employee. His disclosures revealed numerous global surveillance programs, many
run by the NSA and the Five Eyes Intelligence Alliance (The Five Eyes (FVEY) is
an intelligence alliance comprising Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and
the United States). These countries are parties to the multilateral UK USA Agreement, a treaty
for cooperation in signals intelligence) with the cooperation of telecommunication
companies and European governments, and prompted a cultural
discussion about national security and individual privacy.
A subject of controversy, Snowden has been called a traitor, a hero, a whistle

blower, a dissident, and a patriot. U.S. officials condemned his actions as having
done "grave damage" to the U.S. intelligence capabilities. Snowden has defended
his leaks as an effort "to inform the public as to that which is done in their name and
that which is done against them." His disclosures have fuelled debates over mass
surveillance, government secrecy, and the balance between national
security and information privacy.
On September 2, 2020, a U.S. federal court ruled that the U.S. intelligence's mass surveillance
program exposed by Snowden was illegal and possibly unconstitutional.
Permanent Record is a 2019 autobiography by Edward Snowden, whose revelations sparked a

global debate about surveillance.
Source: Internet
The Collapse of Barings Bank
Founded in 1762, Barings Bank was a United Kingdom institution with worldwide reach. Even the
Queen of England had an account there. In 1989, Nick Leeson was hired at Barings, where he
prospered. He was quickly promoted to the trading floor and appointed manager in Singapore where
he traded on the Singapore International Monetary Exchange (SIMEX). Leeson was an aggressive
trader, making large profits in speculative trading. In 1993, his profits constituted almost 10% of
Barings’ total profits. He had developed a reputation for expertise, for near-infallibility, and his
superiors in London gave him little supervision.
In July 1992, a new Barings employee suffered a small loss on Leeson’s watch. Leeson did not wish to
lose his reputation for infallibility, or his job, so he hid the loss in an error account. Leeson attempted
to make back the loss through speculative trading, but this led to even bigger losses, which again were
hidden in this account. He kept doubling up his bets in an attempt to get out from under the losses.
Leeson later said: “[I] wanted to shout from the rooftops…this is what the situation is, there are
massive losses, I want to stop. But for some reason you’re unable to do it. … I had this catastrophic
secret which was burning up inside me—yet…I simply couldn’t open my mouth and say, ‘I’ve lost
millions and millions of pounds.’”
Leeson took out a short-term, highly leveraged bet on the Nikkei index in Japan. At the same time, a
severe earthquake in Kobe, Japan sent the index plummeting, and his loss was so huge that he could
no longer hide it. Barings, a 233-year old bank, collapsed overnight and was bought by ING for £1.
Leeson fled to Malaysia, Thailand, and finally to Germany, where
he was arrested and extradited to Singapore. He plead guilty to
two counts of deceiving bank auditors (including forging
documents) and cheating the SIMEX. Leeson was sentenced to six
and a half years of prison in Singapore, but only served four years
due a diagnosis of colon cancer, which he ultimately survived.
Discussion Questions:
1. How was loss aversion apparent in Nick Leeson’s conduct? Explain.
2. Judith Rawnsley, who worked for Barings Bank and later wrote a book about the Leeson case,
proffered three explanations for Leeson’s behavior once the losses had started to pile up: 1)
Leeson’s loss aversion stemmed from his fear of failure and humiliation; 2) his ego and greed
were exacerbated by the macho trading environment in which he operated; 3) he suffered from
common distortions in thinking patterns that often result from high levels of stress, including
overconfidence and denial. Which of these explanations (or all) do you think played a role in
this case? Why?
Case Study – The Collapse of Barings Bank - Page 1 of 2

3. Leeson explains that he wanted to stop, but could not. Based on his and Rawnsley’s reflections,
where do you think the blame primarily lies and why? With Leeson individually, or with the
system within which he operated?
4. If you were in Leeson’s position after the initial loss made by the employee, what would you
have done? Why?
5. Do you have trouble owning up to mistakes that you have made? Do others whom you know?
Explain with examples.
Resources:
How Will You Measure Your Life?
http://www.worldcat.org/title/how-will-you-measure-your-life/oclc/757483347
The Collapse of Barings
http://www.worldcat.org/title/collapse-of-barings/oclc/35658104
Cheating and Loss Aversion: Do People Lie More to Avoid a Loss
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2502819
Rogue Trader: How I Brought Down Barings Bank and Shook the Financial World
http://www.worldcat.org/title/rogue-trader-how-i-brought-down-barings-bank-and-shook-the-
financial-world/oclc/34262021
How Nick Leeson Caused the Collapse of Barings Bank
http://www.next-finance.net/How-Nick-Leeson-caused-the
Total Risk: Nick Leeson and the Fall of Barings Bank
http://www.worldcat.org/title/total-risk-nick-leeson-and-the-fall-of-barings-bank/oclc/33275953
Eat What You Kill: The Fall of a Wall Street Lawyer
http://www.worldcat.org/title/eat-what-you-kill-the-fall-of-a-wall-street-lawyer/oclc/649743120
Barings Collapse at 20: How Rogue Trader Nick Leeson Broke the Bank
https://www.theguardian.com/business/from-the-archive-blog/2015/feb/24/nick-leeson-barings-
bank-1995-20-archive
Author:
Robert Prentice, J.D.
Department of Business, Government and Society
McCombs School of Business
The University of Texas at Austin
Case Study – The Collapse of Barings Bank - Page 2 of 2

Facebook Data Privacy Scandal
A decade of apparent indifference for data privacy at Facebook has culminated in
revelations that organizations harvested user data for targeted advertising, particularly
political advertising, to apparent success. While the most well-known offender is
Cambridge Analytica--the political consulting and strategic communication firm
behind the pro-Brexit Leave EU campaign, as well as Donald Trump’s 2016
presidential campaign--other companies have likely used similar tactics to collect
personal data of Facebook users.
WHAT IS THE FACEBOOK DATA PRIVACY SCANDAL?
The Facebook data privacy scandal centers around the collection of personally
identifiable information of “up to 87 million people” by the political consulting and
strategic communication firm Cambridge Analytica. That company--and others--were
able to gain access to personal data of Facebook users due to the confluence of a
variety of factors, broadly including inadequate safeguards against companies
engaging in data harvesting, little to no oversight of developers by Facebook,
developer abuse of the Facebook API, and users agreeing to overly broad terms and
conditions.
In the case of Cambridge Analytica, the company was able to harvest personally
identifiable information through a personality quiz app called thisisyourdigitiallife,
based on the OCEAN personality model. Information gathered via this app is useful in
building a “psychographic” profile of users (the OCEAN acronym stands for
openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism). Adding
the app to your Facebook account to take the quiz gives the creator of the app access
to profile information and user history for the user taking the quiz, as well as all of the
friends that user has on Facebook. This data includes all of the items that users and
their friends have liked on Facebook.
Source: https://www.techrepublic.com/resource-library/downloads/cheat-sheet-facebook-data-
privacy-scandal/
The Disaster at Bhopal
On the night of December 2, 1984, a leak developed in a storage tank at a Union

Carbide chemical plant in Bhopal, India. The tank contained 10,000 gallons of methyl
isocyanate (MIC), a highly toxic chemical used in the manufacture of pesticides, such as
Sevin. The leak sent a toxic cloud of gas over the surrounding slums of Bhopal,
resulting in the death of over 3,800 people, and injuries to over 500,000 more. The leak
was attributed to the accidental pouring of water into the tank. Water reacts very
vigorously with MIC, causing heating of the liquid. In Bhopal, the mixing of water with
MIC increased the temperature of the liquid in the tank to an estimated 400°F. The high
temperature caused the MIC to vaporize, leading to a build-up of high pressure within
the tank. When the internal pressure became high enough, a pressure-relief valve
popped open, leaking MIC vapors into the air.
The water had probably been introduced into the tank accidentally. A utility station on
the site contained two pipes side by side. One pipe carried nitrogen, which was used to
pressurize the tank to allow the liquid MIC to be removed. The other pipe contained
water. It appears that instead of connecting the nitrogen pipe, someone accidentally
connected the water pipe to the MIC tank. The accident was precipitated when an
estimated 240 gallons of water were injected into the MIC storage tank.
As with many of the disasters and accidents that we study, there was not just one event
that led to the disaster, but rather there were several factors that contributed to this
accident. Any one of these factors alone probably wouldn’t have led to the accident, but
the combination of these factors made the accident almost inevitable and the
consequences worse. A major factor in this accident was the curtailment of plant
maintenance as part of a cost-cutting effort. The MIC storage tank had a refrigeration
unit on it, which should have helped to keep the tank temperatures closer to normal,
even with the water added, and might have prevented the vaporization of the liquid.
However, this refrigeration unit had stopped working five months before the accident
and hadn’t yet been repaired.
The tank also was equipped with an alarm that should have alerted plant workers to the
dangerous temperatures; this alarm was improperly set, so no warning was given. The
plant was equipped with a flare tower. This is a device designed to burn vapors before
they enter the atmosphere, and it would have been able to at least reduce, if not
eliminate, the amount of MIC reaching the surrounding neighborhood. The flare tower
was not functioning at the time of the accident. Finally, a scrubber that was used to
neutralize toxic vapors was not activated until the vapor release was already in
progress. Some investigators pointed out that the scrubber and flare systems were
probably inadequate, even had they been functioning. However, had any of these
systems been functioning at the time of the accident, the disaster could have at least
been mitigated, if not completely averted. The fact that none of them were operating at
the time ensured that once the water had been mistakenly added to the MIC tank, the
ensuing reaction would proceed undetected until it was too late to prevent the accident.
It is unclear on whom the ultimate blame for this accident should be laid. The plant
designers clearly did their job by anticipating problems that would occur and installing
safety systems to prevent or mitigate potential accidents. The management of the plant
seems obviously negligent. It is sometimes necessary for some safety features to be
taken off-line for repair or maintenance. But to have all of the safety systems inoperative
simultaneously is inexcusable. Union Carbide also seems negligent in not preparing a
plan for notifying and evacuating the surrounding population in the event of an accident.
Such plans are standard in the United States and are often required by local ordinance.
Union Carbide was unable to say that such an accident was unforeseeable. Leaky
valves in the MIC system had been a problem at the Bhopal plant on at least six
occasions before the accident. One of these gas leaks involved a fatality. Moreover,
Union Carbide had a plant in Institute, West Virginia, that also produced MIC. The
experience in West Virginia was similar to that in Bhopal before the accident. There had
been a total of 28 leaks of MIC over the previous five years, none leading to any serious
problems. An internal Union Carbide memo from three months before the Bhopal
accident warned of the potential for a runaway reaction in MIC storage tanks in West
Virginia and called into question the adequacy of emergency plans at the plants. The
memo concluded that “a real potential for a serious incident exists” [ US News and
World Report, Feb. 4, 1985, p. 12]. Apparently, these warnings had not been
transmitted to the plant in India.
Ultimately, some share of the blame must be borne by the Indian government. Unlike in
most Western nations, there was very little in the way of safety standards under which
U.S. corporations must operate. In fact, third-world countries have often viewed
pollution control and safety regulation as too expensive, and attempts by the
industrialized nations to enforce Western-style safety and environmental regulations
worldwide are regarded as attempts to keep the economies of developing countries
backward [ Atlantic Monthly, March 1987, p. 30]. In addition, the local government had
no policy or zoning forbidding squatters and others from living so close to a plant where
hazardous compounds are stored and used. The bulk of the blame goes to Union
Carbide for failure to adequately train and supervise its Indian employees in the
maintenance and safety procedures that are taken for granted in similar plants in the
United States.
In the aftermath of the accident, lawsuits totaling over $250 billion were filed on behalf
of the victims of the accident. $470 million were paid by the Union Carbide as
compensation to the victims. Union Carbide committed itself to ensuring that the victims
of the accident were compensated in a timely fashion. Union Carbide also helped set up
job training and relocation programs for the victims of the accident. Ultimately, it has
been estimated that approximately 10,000 of those injured in the accident will suffer
some form of permanent damage.
[ Atlantic Monthly, March 1987, p. 30].
The Fatal Effects
As per government’s announcement, a total of 3,787 deaths occurred immediately.

Around 8,000 of the survivors died within two weeks and other 8,000 or more died from
acute diseases caused due to the gas later.
A government affidavit in 2006 stated that the gas leak incident caused 5,58,125
injuries, including 38,478 temporary partial injuries and approximately 3,900 severely
and permanently disabling injuries. None can say if future generations will not be
affected.
Initial effects of exposure were −
 Coughing
 Severe eye irritation
 Feeling of suffocation
 Burning sensation in the respiratory tract
 Blepharospasm
 Breathlessness
 Stomach pains
 Vomiting
The staff at the nearby hospitals lacked the knowhow required to treat the casualties in
such situations. To add to this, there is no antidote known for MIC. Hence, even after
running to the hospitals, the survivors could not be cured and most of them had to face
death eventually.
Primary causes of deaths were −
 Choking
 Reflexogenic Circulatory Collapse

 Pulmonary Edema
 Cerebral Edema
 Tubular Necrosis
 Fatty Degeneration of the Liver
 Necrotizing Enteritis
As an after effect of this disaster, the rate of stillbirths increased by 300% and the
neonatal mortality rate by around 200%. This came to be known as the world’s worst
disaster in the industrial sector.
More resources: https://www.bhopal.com/
Questions:
1. Use the ethical theories discussed in this chapter to analyze the Bhopal case. Topics
to be considered should include the placing of a hazardous plant in a populated area,
decisions to defer maintenance on essential safety systems, etc. Important theories to
consider when doing your analysis are rights and duty ethics and utilitarianism.
2. Find a copy of the code of ethics of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and
use it to analyze what a process engineer working at this plant should have done. What
does the code say about the responsibilities of the engineers who designed the plant
and the engineers responsible for making maintenance decisions?
3. What responsibility does Union Carbide have for the actions of its subsidiaries?
Union Carbide India was 50.9% owned by the parent company.
4. What duty did Union Carbide have to inform local officials in India of the potential
dangers of manufacturing and storing MIC in India?
5. Some of Union Carbide’s reports hinted strongly that part of the fault lay with the
inadequate workforce available in a third-world country such as India. How valid is this
statement? What are the ethical implications for Union Carbide if this statement is true?
6. What responsibility should the national and local government in Bhopal have for
ensuring that the plant is operated safely?
7. What relative importance should be placed on keeping safety systems operating as

compared to maintaining other operations? (Note: From the reports on this accident,
there is no indication that Union Carbide skimped on safety to keep production going.
Rather, this is a hypothetical question.)
8. In the absence of environmental or safety laws in the locality where it operates, what
responsibility does a U.S. corporation have when operating overseas? Does the answer
change if the locality does have laws, but they are less strict than ours? What about the
ethics of a U.S. corporation selling products overseas that are banned in the United
States, such as DDT?
Course: Date:
Name:
Ethics in Engineering Case 01:
The Intel Pentium® Chip
Engineers must have an understanding of technical factors involved in making professional and
ethical decisions. Here’s a brief exercise:
For this assignment, the following pages contain two case studies taken from “Engineering
Ethics” by Charles B. Fleddermann1. These cases are designed to relate your technical
background with identifying and making ethical decisions. In each case, give a thoughtful
answer to the questions at the end. Collaboration is allowed (and encouraged), but each student
is to turn in answers to the questions individually and their own words.
Before you begin, read through the IEEE Code of Ethics (link) as a standard for ethical behavior
as an Electrical or Computer Engineer.
1
Charles B. Fleddermann, Engineering Ethics, 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall,
2008, 27-32.
The Intel Pentium® Chip
In late 1994, the media began to report that there was a flaw in the new Pentium microprocessor produced
by Intel. The microprocessor is the heart of a personal computer and controls all of the operations and
calculations that take place. A flaw in the Pentium was especially significant, since it was the
microprocessor used in 80% of the personal computers produced in the world at that time.
Apparently, flaws in a complicated integrated circuit such as the Pentium, which at the time contained
over one million transistors, are common. However, most of the flaws are undetectable by the user and
don’t affect the operation of the computer. Many of these flaws are easily compensated for through
software. The flaw that came to light in 1994 was different: It was detectable by the user. This particular
flaw was in the floating-point unit (FPU) and caused a wrong answer when double-precision arithmetic, a
very common operation, was performed.
A standard test was widely published to determine whether a user’s microprocessor was flawed. Using
spreadsheet software, the user was to take the number 4,195,835, multiply it by 3,145,727, and then
divide that result by 3,145,727. As we all know from elementary math, when a number is multiplied and
then divided by the same number, the result should be the original number. In this example, the result
was 4,195,579 [Infoworld, 1994]. Depending on the application, this six-thousandths-of-a-percent error
might be very significant.
At first, Intel’s response to these reports was to deny that there was any problem with the chip. When it
became clear that this assertion was not accurate, Intel switched its policy and stated that although there
was indeed a defect in the chip, it was insignificant and the vast majority of users would never even notice
it. The chip would be replaced for free only for users who could demonstrate that they needed an
unflawed version of the chip [Infoworld, 1994]. There is some logic to this policy from Intel’s point of
view, since over two million computers had already been sold with the defective chip.
Of course, this approach didn’t satisfy most Pentium owners. After all, how can you predict whether you
might have a future application where this flaw might be significant? IBM, a major Pentium user,
canceled the sales of all IBM computers containing the flawed chip. Finally, after much negative
publicity in the popular personal computer literature and an outcry from Pentium users, Intel agreed to
replace the flawed chip with an unflawed version for any customer who asked to have it replaced.
It should be noted that long before news of the flaw surfaced in the popular press, Intel was aware of the
problem and had already corrected it on subsequent versions. It did, however, continue to sell the flawed
version, and, based on its early insistence that the flaw did not present a significant problem to users,
seemingly planned to do so until the new version was available and the stocks of the flawed one were
exhausted. Eventually, the damage caused by this case was fixed as the media reports of the problem died
down and as customers were able to get unflawed chips into their computers. Ultimately, Intel had a
write-off of 475 million dollars to solve this problem.
What did Intel learn from this experience? The early designs for new chips continue to have flaws, and
sometimes these flaws are not detected until the product is already in use by consumers. However, Intel’s
approach to these problems has changed. It now seems to feel that problems need to be fixed
immediately. In addition, the decision is now based on the consumer’s perception of the significance of
the flaw, rather than on Intel’s opinion of its significance.
Indeed, similar flaws were found in 1997 in the early versions of the Pentium II and Pentium Pro
processors. This time, Intel immediately confirmed that the flaw existed and offered customers software
that would correct it. Other companies also seem to have benefited from Intel’s experience. For example,
Intuit, a leading manufacturer of tax preparation and financial software, called a news conference in
March of 1995 to apologize for flaws in its TurboTax software that had become apparent earlier in that
year. In addition to the apology, they offered consumers replacements for the defective software.
Questions:
1. Was this case simply a customer-relations and PR problem, or are there ethical issues to be
considered as well? If so, what are they?
2. Use the IEEE Code of Ethics to analyze this case and identify all violations (identifying number
is ok). Note: pay attention to issues of accurate representation of engineered products and to
safety issues.
3. Should you reveal defects in a product to a consumer?

a. Is the answer to this question different if the defect is a safety issue rather than simply a
flaw?
b. Is the answer to this question different if the customer is a bank that uses the computer to
calculate interest paid, loan payments, etc., or a hospital that uses the computer to control
critical patient care equipment?
4. Should you replace defective projects even if customers won’t recognize the defect?
5. Is it ever possible to say that no defect exists in a produce or structure? How thorough should
testing be? (Note: use IEEE Code of Ethics as a guide to your answer)
6. Do flaws that Intel found in earlier generation chips have any bearing on these questions? In
other words, if Intel got away with selling flawed chips before without informing consumers,
does that fact have any bearing on this case? Why or why not?
7. G. Richard Thoman, an IBM senior vice president, was quoted as saying, “Nobody should have
to worry about the integrity of data calculated on an IBM machine.” How does this statement by
a major Intel customer change the answers to the previous question?
8. Just prior to when this problem surfaced, Intel had begun a major advertising campaign to make
Intel a household name. They had gotten computer manufacturers to place “Intel Inside” labels
on their computers and had spent money on television advertising seeking to increase the public
demand for computers with Intel processors, with the unstated message that Intel chips were of
significantly higher quality than other manufacturers’ chips. How might this campaign affect
what happened in this case?
9. What responsibilities did the engineers who were aware of the flaw have before the chip was
sold? (again, check in with the IEEE Code of Ethics for your response)
a. After the chips began to be sold?
b. After the flaw became apparent?

Ethics Assignment Rubric
Does Not
Meets Exceeds
Meet
Expectations Expectations
Expectations
PROFESSIONAL CODE(S) OF ETHICS
Student can articulate the primary tenets of the profession’s

code of ethical conduct.
Student is familiar with code(s) of ethics and standard(s) of
professional practice within the discipline.
Student can state the application of the code of ethics in the
practice of the profession.
ANALYSIS
Student is able to recognize an ethical dilemma or issue

within the Electrical or Computer Engineering
profession.
Student can identify stakeholders in an ethical

dilemma/issue and can demonstrate awareness of differing
perspectives of those stakeholders.
Student is able to recognize and analyze ethical
dimensions/complexities of a dilemma.
Student is able to identify alternative courses of
action/solutions regarding an ethical dilemma.
Student is able to evaluate both immediate and long-term
risks/consequences of alternative courses of action.
Student is able to identify the law(s) relevant to an ethical
dilemma and understands what is necessary to comply with
the law(s).
Student can demonstrate understanding of the need for
checks and balances in the organization (e.g., internal
controls, disclosure requirements).
OVERALL ASSESSMENT
Overall, the student exhibits an overall understanding of how
to apply ethics to the Electrical or Computer Engineering
Profession:
Modified from: http://www.d.umn.edu/vcaa/assessment/documents/ethicsrubric.pdf

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Welcome Y-20 !

A fun chat with

Prof Manju Dhariwal ) After mid-Sems

I You are special

• Only 66 would finish high school

• Only 7 would have a college degree

YOU are in that < 0.5

• mugging : recipes :: learning : cooking

No matter how good we are

Ability + Application + Attitude

from ‘A Better India, A Better World’

• ReaCtive Crea tive

• I & Me (the H₂ atoms)

• Sachin Tendulkar & Vinod Kambli

• ‘Steady head’ for Focus

So a high IQ is a great start …

• ReaCtive Crea tive

• Connect the dots 1* ----->2*-----> 3* ----> A

Taking you from Kota Sriharikota 9

Tip (head) of this star = IQ

EQ (emotional quotient) = Mental Chemistry

- remember ‘Creat__ive” (engineer’s main ability )

EQ (emotional quotient) = Mental Chemistry

- remember ‘Creat__ive” (engineer’s desired ability

The point on the left is PQ (Physical Quotient)

• Stability in high energy motion

• Change is the only Constant!

In the previous sessions

• Supportive: catering to others’ priorities

• Sympathetic: appreciate others’ difficulties

• Synergetic: we are part of an orchestra

• Selfless: putting others ahead of ourself

Remember: SQ MULTIPLIES my performance 4x

SpQ (Spiritual Quotient)

• Our mind can work at exponential levels when we are

Then nothing can ever upset us

• With 99.5% luck I am a potential star

Keep my head steady & focussed

⚫ This Ethical theory focuses on the type of person

⚫ Aristotle- Habits of deliberate choice; habit of choosing the

The word cardinal comes from the Latin cardo,

⚫ Dilemma – Honour as dignity or pride?

⚫ Ethical Acts are a result of proper performance of

⚫ What makes a good person good is his possession of a

⚫ A categorical imperative is a command which applies

⚫ A hypothetical imperative is a command in a

⚫ Humans have the right to life, liberty, and property

⚫ People have fundamental rights that other people have

⚫ Conflict- Example of a Dam

⚫ Act Utilitarianism- Focuses on individual actions

⚫ The only intrinsically good thing is a good will.

⚫ Forbids appropriation of the instruments of another’s well

⚫ If a homicidal maniac were to enquire how he could

⚫ Any other examples??

Educative (or reformative) – Penalty of death??

Retributive- To allow a man’s deed to return on his own

Intel Pentium Chip Case

⚫ IEEE: The Institute of Electrical and Electronics

• Connect the dots 1* ----->2-----> 3 ----> A