DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PESHAWAR

MtE-328L Power electronics LAB, 6th Semester

Student Name: Mian Sayaf Ali Shah

Registration Number: 18PWMCT0612
Lab No. 5: Analysis of Full wave uncontrolled rectifier with and
without filter

Criteria (Taxonomy Excellent (4) Proficient (3) Basic (2) Below Basic (1) Student’s
Level) Score
To organize the lab Report is as per the Report is mostly as Report is
per the guidelines disorganized and Sections/Steps are
report and practice the guidelines. All not ordered and
writing skills as per the sections/steps are and most follows some
sections/steps are Report is not as
guidelines clearly organized in a guidelines but
ordered well but per the guidelines
logical order. most of the
requires minor guidelines are
improvements. missing

The report completely The report discusses The report discusses The report is
To discuss the actual
discusses the required The required the experiment/lab totally irrelevant
experiment/task
experiment/lab work experiment/lab work but have to the
in own words with work irrelevant experiment/lab
some relevant information work
additional
information

Calculations and Calculations and data

analysis were Most data and Calculations and
data analyses were observations were data analyses of
performed
performed clearly, recorded adequately lab were missing
accurately, but but with several
concisely, and
To perform calculations accurately, with minor errors were significant errors or
and data analysis correct units. made both in omissions.
calculations and in
applying correct
units

Graphs, if necessary, Graphs, if necessary, Graphs, if Major components

were drawn were drawn adequately necessary, were of lab were
To present results in the accurately and neatly drawn but Missing
form of graphs and were clearly inadequately.
labelled.

Comments:
Course Instructor: Engr. Wahad Ur Rahman
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PESHAWAR
MtE-328L Power electronics LAB, 6th Semester

Power Electronics Lab

Lab Report No. 05

Date: 21/5/2021

Submitted by: Mian Sayaf Ali Shah

(18PWMCT0612)
Submitted to: Engr. Wahad Ur Rehman
Section: A
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan

Course Instructor: Engr. Wahad Ur Rahman

 DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PESHAWAR
MtE-328L Power electronics LAB, 6th Semester

Lab No. : 5
Title: Analysis of full wave uncontrolled rectifier with and without
filter
Objectives:
 To study the working principal and operation mechanism of full wave rectifier
 To observe the input and output waveform of half wave rectifier with and without filter
 To calculate the ripple factor at different load resistance
 To calculate the ripple factor at different capacitor value

Equipments and Tools:

 MATLAB Simulink.

Theory:
Rectifier:
A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC), which periodically
reverses direction, to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction. There are two
types of rectifier.
 Half wave Rectifier.
 Full Wave Rectifier.

Full wave Rectifier:

A Full wave rectifier circuit convert the full cycle of the AC circuit into DC form. In a Full
Wave Rectifier circuit two diodes are now used, one for each half of the cycle. Full wave
rectifiers have some fundamental advantages over their half wave rectifier counterparts.
The average (DC) output voltage is higher than for half wave, the output of the full wave
rectifier has much less ripple than that of the half wave rectifier producing a smoother
output waveform. [1]

Figure 5:1: Full wave Rectifier [2]

Course Instructor: Engr. Wahad Ur Rahman

1
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PESHAWAR
MtE-328L Power electronics LAB, 6th Semester

There are two main types:

 Center tapped transformer type.
 Diode bridge type
Center Tapped Transformer Full wave Rectifier:
A center-tapped rectifier is a type of full-wave rectifier that uses two diodes connected to
the secondary of a center-tapped transformer. The input voltage is coupled through the
transformer to the center-tapped secondary. Half of the total secondary voltage appears
between the center tap and each end of the secondary winding. [2]

Figure 5:2: Center Tapped Full wave Rectifier [2]

Bridge Full Wave Rectifier:

The bridge rectifier uses four diodes connected. When the input cycle is positive, diodes
D1 and D2 are forward-biased and conduct current in the direction. A voltage is developed
across RL that looks like the positive half of the input cycle. During this time, diodes D3
and D4 are reverse-biased. When the input cycle is negative, diodes D3 and D4 are forward
biased and conduct current in the same direction through RL as during the positive half-
cycle. During the negative half-cycle, D1 and D2 are reverse-biased. A full-wave rectified
output voltage appears across RL as a result of this action. [2]

Figure 5:3: Bridge Full wave Rectifier [2]

Course Instructor: Engr. Wahad Ur Rahman

2
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PESHAWAR
MtE-328L Power electronics LAB, 6th Semester

Uncontrolled and Controlled Rectifier:

 The rectifier circuit using diodes only are called Uncontrolled rectifier circuit.
 When SCRs (thyristor) are used to convert AC to DC, they have a controlled output
voltage so it is called a Controlled rectifier output
 Control mean when to start rectification and when to stop

Ripple factor:
 The percentage of ac component present in the rectified voltage. waveform. Even
though we try out best to remove all AC components, there is still some small amount
left on the output side which pulsates the DC waveform.This undesirable AC
component is called ‘ripple’.
 To quantify how well the half wave rectifier can convert the AC voltage into DC
voltage, we use what is known as the ripple factor (represented by γ or r).
 The ripple factor is the ratio between the RMS value of the AC voltage (on the output
side) and the DC voltage (on the output side) of the rectifier.
𝑉
 For without capacitor (not filtered) 𝛾 = 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝐷𝐶

 With capacitor, 𝑟 = 1/4√3𝐹𝑅𝐶

Post Lab Tasks:

Procedure:
 Insert the components from library browser in Simulink.
 The components are AC Power supply, Resistor, capacitor, Diode, voltmeter, and
scope.
 Connect them to complete the circuit.
 Change their values from the component properties.
 Run the simulation.
 Find the Vpeak in scope.
 Multiply Vpeak with 0.707 to find the VRMS.
 To find the Vmax, multiply Vrms with √2.
2𝑉
 find the VDC by formula 𝑚𝑎𝑥𝜋

Course Instructor: Engr. Wahad Ur Rahman

3
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PESHAWAR
MtE-328L Power electronics LAB, 6th Semester

Circuit Diagram:

Figure 5:4: full wave uncontrolled center tapped transformer Rectifier

Figure 5:5: full wave uncontrolled Bridge rectifier without filter

Course Instructor: Engr. Wahad Ur Rahman

4
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PESHAWAR
MtE-328L Power electronics LAB, 6th Semester

Figure 5:6: full wave uncontrolled bridge rectifier with filter

Results:
Table 5:1: Half wave rectifier ripple factor without capacitor

S.No Load Input voltage RMS AC Average Dc Ripple

resistance (RL) (V-peak) voltage (Vac) voltage (Vdc) factor
1 1 220 154.26 138.60 0.488
2 2 220 154.40 138.73 0.488
3 5 220 154.47 138.79 0.488
4 10 220 154.55 138.86 0.488
5 20 220 154.56 138.86 0.488
6 30 220 154.56 138.86 0.488
7 50 220 154.56 138.86 0.488

Course Instructor: Engr. Wahad Ur Rahman

5
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PESHAWAR
MtE-328L Power electronics LAB, 6th Semester

Table 5:2: half wave rectifier ripple factor with capacitor

S.No Capacitor Load resistance Frequency (F) Ripple factor

1 500 µF 1k 60 Hz 0.0048
2 5k 60 Hz 0.001
3 10k 60 Hz 0.0005
4 1000 µF 1k 60 Hz 0.0024
5 5k 60 Hz 0.0005
6 10k 60 Hz 0.0002
7 5000 µF 1k 60 Hz 0.00048
8 5k 60 Hz 0.000096
9 10k 60 Hz 0.000048
Graphs:

Figure 5:7: Input and output Graph of full wave uncontrolled center tapped transformer rectifier

Course Instructor: Engr. Wahad Ur Rahman

6
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, PESHAWAR
MtE-328L Power electronics LAB, 6th Semester

figure 5:8: Graph of input and filtered voltage of full wave bridge rectifier

Discussion:
After performing this lab, we are seeing the great difference between in waveform of full
wave rectifier with and without filter. The ripple factor without filter is greater than ripple
factor of with filter. Capacitor reduces the fluctuation in waveform and mostly removed
the AC part from waveform because it doesn’t allow transients. Full wave rectifier is
more better and efficient than half wave rectifier.

References

[1] [Online]. Available: https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/diode/diode_5.html.

[2] T. L. floyd, Electronics Devices.

Course Instructor: Engr. Wahad Ur Rahman