Chapter 5.

1 Notes:

 Atoms are the ________ form of elements

 The most common element in the universe is _________ (about 90%).
 The most common element in all living things is ________ (over 50%).
 Each element has its own unique _________.
 If an element has two letters as its symbol the first letter is always
________ and the second letter is always _____ _______.
 List the symbols for: Hydrogen ___, Oxygen ____, Sulfur ____,
Carbon ___, Aluminum ____, Platinum ____, Zinc ___, Gold ____
 Atoms are composed of three types of particles. _______,
______and _________.
 A ________ is positively charged.
 A neutron is an ________ particle.
 Electrons are _________ charged.
 The protons and neutrons of an atom are grouped together in the
atom’s center which is called the ________.
 Electrons move around the _________ of the nucleus.
 Atoms are extremely small. Over a million can fit in the period at the
end of this sentence.
 The identity of an atom is determined by the number of protons in its
nucleus, called the ________ ________. For example, a hydrogen
atom has 1 proton so its atomic number is 1.
 The total number of _______ and _________ in an atom’s nucleus is
called its atomic mass number.
 _______ are atoms of the same element that have a different
number of neutrons.
 Ions are formed when an atom loses or gains one or more _________.
Chapter 5.2 Notes:

 In 1869 __________ produced the first periodic table.

 The periodic table organizes the atoms of the elements by
_________ and atomic number.
 ---copy the information under the red heading “Reading the Periodic
Table” on page 147 –

 The elements in a column are known as a _______ and they are

labeled by a number at the top of the column.
 Elements in a group are related in some way.
 Each horizontal row is called a ________.
 As you go from right to left the elements change by their number of
________.
 Atomic size changes in a predictable way across, up and down the
periodic table.
Chapter 5.1 Notes:

 Atoms are the smallest form of elements

 The most common element in the universe is hydrogen (about 90%).
 The most common element in all living things is oxygen (over 50%).
 Each element has its own unique symbol.
 If an element has two letters as its symbol the first letter is always
capitalized and the second letter is always lower case.
 List the symbols for: Hydrogen ___, Oxygen ____, Sulfur ____,
Carbon ___, Aluminum ____, Platinum ____, Zinc ___, Gold ____
 Atoms are composed of three types of particles. Electrons, protons
and neutrons.
 A proton is positively charged.
 A neutron is an uncharged particle.
 Electrons are negatively charged.
 The protons and neutrons of an atom are grouped together in the
atom’s center which is called the nucleus.
 Electrons move around the outside of the nucleus.
 Atoms are extremely small. Over a million can fit in the period at the
end of this sentence.
 The identity of an atom is determined by the number of protons in its
nucleus, called the atomic number. For example, a hydrogen atom has
1 proton so its atomic number is 1.
 The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus is
called its atomic mass number.
 Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have a different number
of neutrons.
 Ions are formed when an atom loses or gains one or more electrons.
Chapter 5.2 Notes:

 In 1869 Mendeleev produced the first periodic table.

 The periodic table organizes the atoms of the elements by properties
and atomic number.
 ---copy the information under the red heading “Reading the Periodic
Table” on page 147 –
 The elements in a column are known as a group and they are labeled by
a number at the top of the column.
 Elements in a group are related in some way.
 Each horizontal row is called a period.
 As you go from right to left the elements change by their number of
protons.
 Atomic size changes in a predictable way across, up and down the
periodic table.