Hoàng Thị Đoan Trang THPT Hưng

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INVERSION
Đảo ngữ trong tiếng Anh bao gồm 2 hình thức ngữ pháp sau:
A- Sử dụng dạng thức câu hỏi của động từ chính: Eg: Never have I enjoyed myself more!
Tobe: Tobe – S - ……..
Động từ thường: Do/does/did –S – V =>
aux+S+V(main) Hoàn Thành: Have/has/had – S – P2
Động từ khuyết thiếu: Can/ could/should/will…..- S - V

B- Đảo vị trí thông thường của động từ và chủ ngữ. Eg: Along the street came a strange procession.

1. Những từ được đặt đầu câu dùng trong đảo ngữ có ý nghĩa phủ định và từ chứa “no”:
Never/ Never before/ Never in my life....
At no time: = never = (không bao giờ)
Rarely / Seldom/ Little/ Hardly/ Scarcely/ Barely: Hiếm khi, hầu như ko
No longer=ko còn nữa+ aux+S+V(main)
In no way= Không thể (6)Nowhere= ko nơi nào (7)No + N/NP
By no means: Hoàn toàn không
on no condition: Ko có lý do gì

Eg1: He by no means intends to criticize your idea

=By no means does he intendto criticize your idea
Eg2: I never suspect you. =_At no time ………………………….
Eg3: I could in no way agree with you. =In no way ………………………..
Eg4: I can’t find my passport anywhere = I can find my passport nowhere
=Nowhere …………………………..
Eg5: He never goes to school late. = Never ………………………………
Eg6: They little realized that Ted was a secret agẹnt
= Little did ……………………………………….
Eg7: She no longer lives here. => No longer………………………………………..
Eg8: They rarely stayed up late => Rarely…………………………………………..
Eg9: I have no books.=> No books………………………………………………….
Eg10: She can play no sports=> No sports…………………………………………..

2. Đảo ngữ với "Not"

(1). Not + Noun: Form: Not + Noun+ aux+S+V(main)

- Not a sound did she make as she crept upstairs.

- Not a single word has she written since the exam started.
- She left without saying a word=> Not a word ……………………………………………………………
- Tom doesn’t sing a song before=> Not a song……………………………………………………………
- Mary can not buy a car=> Not a car………………………………………………………………………
Không dùng: Not + adv of place/time: Not far from here you can see the foxes.

(2). Not only ........., but also...... (but..... as well/ too) : không những..... mà còn.....
Form :
Not only +aux+S1+V1(main), but + S2 + also + V2/
tobe also.....
, but + S2 + V2/tobe +as well.

Eg: - Not only is she intelligent, but she is also kind (but she is kind as well).
 - Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives (but we came close to losing our lives
as well).
- He is not only handsome but he is talent => Not only……………………………………………………………
- They did not only buy a new land but they also buy a new car.=> Not only……………………………………..
- He was not only hungry but he was thirsty as well. => Not only…………………………………………………
- The bad boys are not only studious but they are also disobedient=> Not only…………………………………………
- They don’t only build a house but they design it as well=> Not only……………………………………………….

(3). Not until (mãi cho tới) S1+V1 + aux+S 2+V2(main) (đảo mệnh đề còn lại bỏ
not)
time + aux+S 2+V2(main) (đảo mệnh đề còn lại bỏ not)

Eg: - I did not meet him until 1990. = Not until 1990 did I meet him.

- I didn’t know him until I started to study English.

= Not until I started to study English did I know him.

- They didn’t celebrate the wedding day until last year.

= Not until last year did they celebrate the wedding day.

- He couldn’t say goodbye until his parents called him

=Not until his parents called him could he say goodbye.

3.Đảo ngữ với “only” và bộ phận trạng ngữ mà nó kết hợp: only after, only then, only when…

: Chỉ sau lúc đó

ux+ S+V….: chỉ bằng/ với.....
1+ aux +S2+V2…: chỉ sau khi chúng ta giữ nguyên mệnh đề sau Only after/ only when/ only if , chỉ đảo ng

Eg: I didn’t post it until later.  Only later did I post it.

- you can understand it Only when you grow

Only when you grow up can y………up

- I can forgive you Only if you tell me the truth

Only if y tell …. Can I forgive you.

- you can learn English well Only in this way=> Only in this way can you ….
4. Vừa mới …… thì: No sooner .........than; Hardly/ Scarcely/ barely.........when/before:
* No sooner + had + S +P2 + than +S +V-ed/V2
* Scarcely/Hardly/Barely + had + S + P2+ when/ before + S +V-ed/V2

Eg: They had no sooner arrived at the airport than the plane took off.
 No sooner had they arrived at the airport than the plane took off.

I had scarcely come home when they called

=> Scarcely had I come home when they called.

They barely raised the subject before he left.

Barely had they raised the subject before……

5. Không vì lí do gì, ko vì hoàn cảnh gì

On no account will/ must/should... S- V

In(under) no circumstances

Eg1: They will not help us under any circumstances.

 Under no circumstances will they help us.

Eg2: This switch must be touched On no account

=> On no account must this switch be touched.

6. §¶o ng÷ víi câu điều kiện:

Type 1: Should + S +V-inf, S+ Will + V

Type 2: Were + S+O/to-inf, S - Would V

Type 3: Had + S + (NOT) +PP, S -would have p2.

7. Đảo ngữ víi so/ such.. . .that
* So + Adj/Adv + aux+S1 +V1(main) + that +S2 +V2
a>So

Tr•êng hîp nµy thường ®•îc dïng víi "so+ adj" khi ®éng tõ chÝnh lµ "be" hoặc đôi khi là một số động từ dùng với tính từ. Nã
®•îc dïng ®Ó nhÊn m¹nh.

Eg: 1. The weather conditions became so dangerous that we couldn’t go camping.

 So dangerous DID The weather conditions BECOME THAT……………..

2. I am so happy that I jump up

=> SO HAPPY AM I THAT………

3. HE RUNS SO FAST THAT I CAN’T CATCH UP WITH HIM

=> SO FAST DOES HE RUN THAT………………

b>Such

→ Such + be + N + that...
It was such a visually appealing video that
my children watched it over and over again.
→ Such was a visually appealing video
that my children watched it over and over
again.

"Such" ®•îc sö dông víi "be" cã nghÜa lµ "so much/ so great"

1. IT WAS SUCH AN INTERESTING FILM THAT I SAW IT TWICE

=> SUCH WAS AN INTERESTING FILM THAT………….

8. §¶o ng÷ víi so, neither, nor

Form: a. So + Auxiliary verb + Subject: còng ....
(+)Cau phia trc la cau +

I am good at English. So are you.

I was at home. So was she.
She lives in Hung Yen. So do I

- Neither + Auxiliary verb + Subject: còng ko......(-)

Nor

Cau phia trc la cau (-)

I wasn’t at home. Nor was she.

She is not at school. Nor am I
She does not give me a hand. Neither do I
Trợ đt: cùng thì, cùng loại với câu phía trc nó
B. Adv:

9. §¶o ng÷ sau cụm từ trạng ngữ chỉ nơi chốn và phương hướng:
Teacher: Trang Hoang Doan( HY high school)

- Tr•êng hîp nµy ta ®¶o ®éng tõ lªn tr•íc chñ ng÷ , kh«ng ph¶i trî ®éng tõ.

“here, there, now, then, in, Up, On the stairs…. + V +S (Chỉ khi S là danh từ)
+ S (she, he…) + V

Eg: - Here comes Freddy!

There goes the teacher!
There is a man at the door!
Now comes my turn.

The cat is on the chair=> On the chair is the cat.

The boy lives in England=> In England lives the boy.

Note: Nhưng nếu một đại từ nhân xưng làm chủ ngữ thì động từ phải để sau chủ ngữ:

Eg: Away they went.

Round and round it flew.

Here you are!

 EXERCISES

1. , you would have succeeded in your business.

A. If you listened to my advice B. Were you to listen to my advice
C. Had you listened to my advice D. As long as you listened to my advice
3. Little what he has caused to others.
A. does he know B. he knows C. he can know D. he will know
4. had he entered the office than he realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. Hardly B. Scarcely C. No sooner D. Not only
5. , a week goes by without some road accidents.
A. Hardly B. Seldom C. Never D. Infrequently
6. Hardly had he entered the office when he realized that he forgot his wallet.
A B C D
7. It was not until he was 30 he got married , had a job and lived independently of his parents.
A B C D
8. Never before have so many people in the U.S been interested in soccer.
A B C D
9. Not only did he spend all his money but he also borrowed some from me
A B C D
10. I write to her almost every day.
A. Not a day goes by unless my writing to her.
B. Hardly does a day go by without my writing to her.
C. No day go by without my writing to her.
D. Almost every day goes by without my writing for her.

11. The noise next door didn’t stop until midnight.

A. It was not until midnight that the noise next door stopped.
B. Not until midnight did the noise next door stop.
C. Only when midnight did the noise next door stop.
D. Hardly had the noise next door stopped when it was midnight.
13. He started computer programming as soon as he left school.
A. No sooner had he started computer programming than he left school.
B. Hardly had he started computer programming when he left school.
C. No sooner had he left school than he started computer programming.
D. After he left school, he had started computer programming.
14. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.
A. As soon as he borrowed some money from me, he spent it all.
B. Hardly had he borrowed some money from me when he spent it all.
C. Not only did he spent all his money but also he borrowed some from me.
D. Not only did he spend all his money but he borrowed some from me as well.
15. She only felt relaxed after a few months working for him.
A. She used to feel relaxed working for him a few months.
B. A few months ago, she didn’t find it relaxed working for him.
C. Only after a few months working for him did she feel relaxed.
D. It was not until a few months working for him did she feel relaxed.
16. Right after his appointment to the post, he fell ill.
A. No sooner did he appointed to the post than he fell ill.
B. No sooner had he appointed to the post than he fell ill.
C. Hardly had he appointed to the post when he fell ill.
D. Hardly had he been appointed to the post when he fell ill.
 17. Just after solving one problem, I was faced with another.
A. Scarcely had I solved one problem when I was faced with another.
B. Hardly had I solved one problem when I was faced with another.
C. No sooner had I solved one problem than I was faced with another.
D. All are correct.
18. A country cannot be prosperous if it is not quite independent.
A. Unless a country is quite independent, it can be prosperous.
B. Without complete independence, a country can be prosperous.
C. Only when a country is quite independent can it be prosperous.
D. It is not until a country is quite independent can it be prosperous.
19. I only recognized him when he came into the light.
A. Only when I recognized him, he came into the light.
B. It wasn’t until he came into the light that I recognized him
C. Not until he came into the light I did recognize him
D. I did not recognize him even when he came into the light.
20. We couldn’t relax until all the guests had left.
A. Not until all the guests had left could we relax.
B. It wasn’t until all the guests had left that we could relax.
C. It wasn’t until all the guests had left could we relax.
D. A and B are correct
21: John never comes to class on time and .(2013)
A. neither does Peter B. so does Peter C. so doesn’t Peter D. neither doesn’t Peter
22. The light failed the moment they began work.
A. But for the light failed, they would have begun work.
B. Hardly did they begin work when the light failed.
C. Hardly had they begun work when the light failed.
D. As soon as the light failed, they began work.
23. She didn’t shed a tear as the play ended in tragedy.
A. The tragedy play wasn’t good for her to shed tear. B. Without her tear, the play didn’t end tragically.
C. So tragic was the play that she didn’t shed a tear. D. Not a tear did she shed when the play ended in tragedy.
24. It was not until she had arrived home her appointment with the doctor.
A. when she remembered B. that she remembered
C. and she remembered D. did she remember
25. Canada does not require that U.S citizens obtain passports to enter the country, and .
A. Mexico doesn’t, too B. so does Mexico C. Mexico doesn’t, either D. neither is Mexico
26. , he would have been able to pass the exam.
A. If he studied harder last year B. Provided he studied hard last year
C. Studying harder last year D. Had he studied harder last year
27. will Mr. Dennis be able to regain control of the company.
A. With hard work B. Despite his hard work
C. Only if he works hardly D. Only by working hard
28. The instructor blew his whistle and .(2011)
A. off the runners were running B. off ran the runners
C. off were running the runners D. the runners run off
29. My father paid my fees. that, I wouldn’t be here now.
A. If there were not B. As for C. Had it not been for D. With for
30. Only after food has been dried or canned _ .
A. it should be stored for future use. B. that it should be stored for future use.
C. should it be stored for future use. D. should it store for future use.
31. Alice is a vegetarian,...................................
.A. as are most of her relatives B. as were most of her relatives
C as is most of her relatives D as most of her relatives are
32. Thirteen candles are on the birthday cake
A. On the birthday cake is thirteen candles. B. On the birthday cake are thirteen candles.
C. On the birthday cake are thirteen candle. D. On the birthday cake thirteen candles are.
33. He has more money than you do.
A. He has more money than you did. B. He has more money as do you.
C. He has more money than do you. D. He has much money than do you.

34: Hardly did he enter the room when all the lights went out.(2011)
A B C D
35. that we had to ask a police officer for directions.
a.So confusing the map was b. So confusing was the map
c. So was confusing the map d. Such confusing was the map
36. The economic background of labour legislation will not be mentioned in this course, ..............
A. trade unionism will not be treated. B. nor trade unionism will be treated
C. nor will trade unionism be treated. D. neither trade unionism will be treated.
37. West of Newport................, one of the many mansions surrounded by acres of gardens.
A. where the Aston stately home stands B. the stately home stands of Aston
C. the stately home of Aston stands D. stands the stately Aston home
38. The plane had only landed when the storm broke.
a. No sooner had the plane landed than the storm broke.
b. The plane had to land because of the outbreak of the storm.
c. Only when the storm broke had the plane landed.
d. The storm broke before the plane landed.
39. The council never wanted the new supermarket to be built, ……….
a.neither local residents did b. nor did local residents
c. so did local residents d. either didn't local residents
40. , he can never follow me.
a. Fast as he runs b. Fast as does he run c. As he runs fast d. As does he run fast
41. John that she talked about him all the time.
a. Did so much she adore b. Did she adored so much
c. So much she adored d. So much did she adore
42. On the table .
a. lay a yellow cat. B. a yellow cat lay c. did a yellow cat lie d. a yellow cat lies.
43. There .
a. comes the bus. b. does my bus come. c. my bus come d. did my bus come
44. By the gate .
a. a little girl stood b. stood a little girl c. did a little girl stand d. a litter girl did stand
45. Down and up .
a. the rain came/ went the umbrellas b. came the rain/ the umbrellas went
c. the rain came/ the umbrellas went d. came the rain/ went the umbrellas
46. Not only .............. more brittle than hard maples, but they are also less able to withstand high winds.
A. soft maples are B. are soft maples C. they are soft maples D. soft maples
47. Not until ............. home............that he had taken someone else's bike.
A. he got / he realised B. he got / did he realise C. did he get / he realised D. he got / he did realise
48.. No sooner................he phone rang.
A. had they arrived home that B. they arrived home than
C. did they arrive home that D. had they arrived home than
49.......................................will Mr. Forbes be able to regain control of the company.
A. With hard work B. In spite of his hard work C. Only if he works hardly. D. Only with hard work
50. The instructor blew his whistle and
A. off the runners were running B. off ran the runners
C. off were running the runners D. the runners runs off
51. Seldom far enough north to disturb South Pacific shipping lanes.
A. Antarctic icebergs will move B. will Antarctic icebergs move
C. will move Antarctic icebergs D. move Antarctic icebergs will
52. will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
A. At any time B. At no time C. At a time D. At one time
53. He listened so attentively that not a word
A. he had missed B. he missed C. he didn't miss D. did he miss
54. We spent nearly 3 hours waiting outside the station, then out
A. the star came B. did the star come C. came the star D. be the star coming
55. The African killer bees could not be handled safely, nor
A. their honey could be harvested B. harvested could their honey be
C. could not their honey be harvested D. could their honey be harvested
56. Down when he was passing under the tree.
A. an apple fall B. an apple fell C. did an apple fall D. fell an apple