Name: Jo Ann D.

Arranguez
Course, Year and Section: BSIE 2-E
Advance Mathematics
Problem Set #8: Newton - Raphson Method

EXERCISE 3. Solve the following problems using Newton-Raphson method and show the
graph of a function.

1.) The equation 𝑦3 − 2𝑦 − 5 = 0 has a root near 𝑦 = 2. Starting with 𝑦0 = 2, compute 𝑦1,y2
𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦3, the next three Newton-Raphson estimates for the root.
𝑓 𝑦 − 𝑦−
𝑑𝑓 𝑦 −
Iteration (n) x_n f(x_n) f'(x_n)
0 2 -1 10
1 2.1 0.061 11.23
2 2.094568 0.000186 11.16165
3 2.094551 1.74E-09 11.16144
4 2.094551 0 11.16144
5 2.094551 0 11.16144
6 2.094551 0 11.16144

Answer:
The value of y₁, y₂, and y₃ are 2.1, 2.094568, and 2.094551, respectively. After 3rd
iteration, the approximate root of the given function is 2.094551.

Figure 1. Graph of y^3-2y-5

2.) Find the root of the function f(𝑥) = 𝑒2𝑥 − 𝑥 − 6, correct to four decimal places, use the
Newton-Raphson method.
Initial guess, 𝑥
 Iteration x_n f(x_n) f'(x_n)
0 1 0.389056 13.77811
1 0.971763 0.011564 12.96665
2 0.970871 1.11E-05 12.94176
3 0.97087 1.03E-11 12.94174
4 0.97087 0 12.94174
5 0.97087 0 12.94174
6 0.97087 0 12.94174

Answer: The approximate root of f(𝑥) = 𝑒2𝑥 − 𝑥 − 6 is 0.9709.

Figure 2. Graph of f(x)=e^2x-x-6

3.) Find the root of the function f(𝑥) = 5𝑥 + ln 𝑥 − , correct to four decimal places,
use the Newton-Raphson method.

Initial guess, 𝑥

Iteration (n) x_n f(x_n) f'(x_n)

0 5 -9973.39 5.2
1 1922.96 -377.64 5.00052
2 1998.48 -0.00075 5.0005
3 1998.48 0 5.0005
4 1998.48 0 5.0005
5 1998.48 0 5.0005

Answer: The approximate root of f(𝑥) = 5𝑥 + ln 𝑥 − is 1998.48.

 Figure 3. Graph of f(x)=5x+ln(x)-10000

4.) A devotee of Newton-Raphson method used the method to solve the equation 𝑥100 = 0,
using the initial estimate 𝑥0 = 0.1. Calculate the next five Newton Method estimates.
Iteration (n) x_n f(x_n) f'(x_n)
0 0.1 1E-100 1E-97
1 0.099 3.7E-101 3.7E-98
2 0.09801 1.3E-101 1.37E-98
3 0.09703 4.9E-102 5.1E-99
4 0.09606 1.8E-102 1.9E-99
5 0.095099 6.6E-103 6.9E-100

Answer: With 5th iteration, the approximate root of f(x)=𝑥100 is 0.095099.

Figure 4. Graph of f(x)=x^100

5.) Find a non-zero root of the equation 𝑥2 − sin 𝑥 using Newton’s method, set the initial
guess at 0.5.
 Iteration (n) x_n f(x_n) f'(x_n)
0 0.5 -0.22943 0.122417
1 2.374125 4.942153 5.46792
2 1.47028 1.16677 2.840212
3 1.059476 0.25039 1.629622
4 0.905827 0.033587 1.194618
5 0.877712 0.001099 1.116511
6 0.876727 1.34E-06 1.113785
7 0.876726 2.01E-12 1.113781
8 0.876726 0 1.113781

Answer: With 1st iteration, a non-zero root of the function is 2.374125. With 8th iteration,
the approximate root of f(x)=𝑥2 − sin 𝑥 is 0.876726.

Figure 5. Graph of f(x)=x^2-sin(x)

6.) Find the root of a function f(𝑥) = 𝑥5 − 𝑥3 + 2𝑥2 − 1. The initial guess is at 𝑥1 = 1.
Approximate the root to five decimal places.

Iteration (n) x_n f(x_n) f'(x_n)

1 1 1 6
2 0.833333 0.212063 3.661265
3 0.775413 0.016628 3.105453
4 0.770058 0.000124 3.059448
5 0.770018 6.94E-09 3.059104
6 0.770018 0 3.059104
7 0.770018 0 3.059104
8 0.770018 0 3.059104

Answer: The approximate root of f(𝑥) = 𝑥5 − 𝑥3 + 2𝑥2 – 1 is 0.77002.

 Figure 6. Graph of f(x)=x^5-x^3+2x^2-1

7.) Find the root of a function f(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 1. The initial guess is at 𝑥1 = 2.
Approximate the root to five decimal places.
Iteration (n) x_n f(x_n) f'(x_n)
1 2 0.107149 -0.8
2 2.133936 -0.00137 -0.81994
3 2.132268 -1.9E-07 -0.81971
4 2.132268 -4E-15 -0.81971
5 2.132268 0 -0.81971
6 2.132268 0 -0.81971
7 2.132268 0 -0.81971

Answer: The approximate root of f(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑟𝑐 tan 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 1 is 2.13227.

Figure 7. Graph of f(x)=arctan(x)-x+1