DESIGN OF THERMAL SYSTEMS-2021

Assignment-2

1) In a counter-flow heat exchanger, cold water enters at 20°C (annulus)

and hot water at 80°C. The two flow rates are equal and denoted by m
in kg/s. The specific heat is also given as the same for the cold and hot
water streams and equal to 3.0 kJ/(kg K). The value of the overall

1 0.2
heat transfer coefficient U in kW/(m2 K) is given as =0.1+ . Where
UA √m
A is the area in sq m. Use Newton Raphson’s method to determine the
appropriate value of m which results in a heat transfer of 300 kW. Use
initial guess value of 3 kg/s
2) A gas burner needed for a furnace can be purchased from three
different suppliers. The first one wants $100 for each burner, payable
on delivery. The second supplier is willing to take payments of $55
each at the end of six months and the year. The third supplier claims
that his deal is the best and asks for $110 at the end of the year. The
current interest rate is 8.5%, compounded continuously. Since a large
number of burners are to be bought, it is important to get the best
financial deal. Whom would you recommend? Would your
recommendation change if the interest rate were to go up, say to
12%?
3) Fuel consumption F of a vehicle is given in terms of two parameters x
and y which characterize combustion and drag as F=10.5 x1.5 + 6.2 y 0.7 with
the constraints from the conservation laws x 1.2 y 2 =20. Cast this problem
 as a constrained optimization problem and solve it by both the
Lagrange multiplier method and geometrical programming?
4) 7. Cost C of a storage tank n is given in terms of its dimensions as
C=12 x2 +2 y 2+ 5 z 2 .with the volume is given as 10 units. Using the
Lagrange method of optimization with a constrained approach solves
the above problem for minimum cost.
5) Dimensionless temperature x and heat flux y in a thermal system is
governed by nonlinear equations x3+3y2 = 21
1. X2+2y = -2
Solve by newton raphson’s method and successive substitution
methods and compare the results and the convergence in the two
cases.
6) A heat exchanger with one shell and two tube passes uses seawater at
15°C with cp =3.8kJ/kgK to cool a flow rate of freshwater of 1.6 kg/s
enterings at 40°C. If the UA of the heat exchanger is 10 kW/K what
must be the flow rate of seawater to cool fresh water to 22.5°C? use
newton raphson’s method with the trial value of 3 kg/s.