Chapter 1

Introduction

This chapter presented the background of the study, the statement of the problem,

hypothesis, significant of the study, scope and delimitations of the study and definition of

terms.

Background of the Study

Nowadays, there are many artificial and cosmetic things that is in the market. One of the

most popular is shampoo. We think that we will produce a shampoo in a natural way. So that’s

how we come up with okra and aloe vera to help replace other artificial products into an

environmental one.

Statement of the Problem

Generally, this study aimed to determine the effectively of okra and aloe vera in

strengthening of hair. Specifically, study sought to answer the following questions.

1. Can okra and aloe vera be used as raw materials in making shampoo?

2. How effective are aloe vera and okra on the tensile of the hair?

3. Is there any significant difference in the effectivity of different concentration of okra and

aloe vera in strengthening hair?

Hypothesis

There is no significant difference in the effectively of different concentration of okra and

aloe vera in strengthening hair.

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Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness if Okra and Aloe Vera can be

made as an homemade shampoo. This study also aimed to determine that Okra and Aloe Vera

can strengthen the tensile of the hair.

Significance of the study

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness if Okra and Aloe Vera can be

made as an homemade shampoo. This study also determines which is more effective in

strengthening hair.

Definition of terms

Okra - tall tropical Asian annual plant (Abelmoschus esculentus) widely cultivated in

warm regions for its edible, mucilaginous green pods. The edible pods of this plant, used in

soups and as a vegetable. Also called regionally gumbo.

In this study, okra will be utilized as a hair strengthening ingredient

Aloe Vera - The mucilaginous juice or gel obtained from the leaves of this plant, widely

used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations for its soothing and healing properties.

In this study, okra will be utilized as a hair strengthening ingredient

Shampoo - Any of various liquid or cream preparations of soap or detergent used to

wash the hair and scalp.

In this study, shampoo will be producing from okra and aloe vera.

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 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter represented the review of related literature and studies about okra and

gugo that can be made as an homemade shampoo and can strengthen the tensile of the hair.

Okra

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Moench, known in many English-speaking countries as

lady's fingers or gumbo) is a flowering plant in the mallow family. It is valued for its edible

green seed pods. Originating in Africa, the plant is cultivated in tropical, subtropical and warm

temperate regions around the world. The name "okra", most often used in the United States

and the Philippines, is of West African origin and is cognate with "ọ́kụ̀ rụ̀ " in Igbo, a language

spoken in Nigeria. Okra is often known as "Lady's Fingers" outside of the United States. In

various Bantu languages, okra is called "kingombo" or a variant thereof, and this is the origin of

its name in Portuguese ("quiabo"), Spanish, Dutch and French, and also of the name "gumbo",

used in parts of the United States and English-speaking Caribbean for either the vegetable, or a

stew based on it. In the United Kingdom it is often called as "bhindi", from its Hindi name

"bhindi" or "bhendi". It is a tall-growing, warm-season, annual vegetable from the same family

as hollyhock, rose of Sharon and hibiscus. The immature pods are used for soups, canning and

stews or as a fried or boiled vegetable. The hibiscuses like flowers and upright plant (3 to 6 feet

or more in height) have ornamental value for backyard gardens.

From Arabia, the plant spread around the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and

eastward. The plant was introduced to the Americas by ships plying the Atlantic slave trade by

1658, when its presence was recorded in Brazil. It was further documented in Suriname in

1686.Okra may have been introduced to southeastern North America in the early 18th century.

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It was being grown as far north as Philadelphia by 1748. Thomas Jefferson noted that it was

well established in Virginia by 1781. It was commonplace throughout the southern United

States by 1800 and the first mention of different cultivars was in 1806.

Okra seed pod

In Caribbean islands, okra is eaten as soup, often with fish. In Haiti it is cooked with rice

and maize, and also used as a sauce for meat. It became a popular vegetable in Japanese

cuisine toward the end of the 20th century, served with soy sauce and katsuobushi, or as

tempura. Okra forms part of several regional "signature" dishes. Frango com quiabo (chicken

with okra) is a Brazilian dish that is especially famous in the region of Minas Gerais. Gumbo, a

hearty stew whose key ingredient is okra, is found throughout the Gulf Coast of the United

States and in the South Carolina Lowcountry. Breaded, deep fried okra is eaten in the southern

United States. Okra is also an ingredient expected in callaloo, a Caribbean dish and the national

dish of Trinidad and Tobago. Okra is also eaten in Nigeria, where draw soup is a popular dish,

often eaten with garri or cassava. In Vietnam, okra is the important ingredient in the dish canh

chua. Okra slices can also be added to ratatouille, combining very well with the other

ingredients of this French popular dish. Okra leaves may be cooked in a similar way to the

greens of beets or dandelions. The leaves are also eaten raw in salads. Okra seeds may be

roasted and ground to form a caffeinate-free substitute for coffee. When importation of coffee

was disrupted by the American Civil War in 1861, the Austin State Gazette noted, "An acre of

okra will produce seed enough to furnish a plantation of fifty negroes with coffee in every way

equal to that imported from Rio. Okra oil is a pressed seed oil, extracted from the seeds of the

okra. The greenish-yellow edible oil has a pleasant taste and odor, and is high in unsaturated

fats such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. The oil content of the seed can be quite high at about

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40%. Oil yields from okra crops are also high. At 794 kg/ha, the yield was exceeded only by

that of sunflower oil in one trial. Common Okra seed is reported to contain only 15% oil.

Nutritional Value & Health Benefits

Okra is a powerhouse of valuable nutrients. Nearly half of which is soluble fiber in the

form of gums and pectins. Soluble fiber helps to lower serum cholesterol, reducing the risk of

heart disease. The other half is insoluble fiber which helps to keep the intestinal tract healthy

decreasing the risk of some forms of cancer, especially colorectal cancer. Nearly 10% of the

recommended levels of vitamin B6 and folic acid are also present in a half cup of cooked okra

Nutrition Facts (1/2 cup sliced, cooked okra) Vitamin C 13.04 mg

Calories 25 Folic acid 36.5 micrograms

Dietary Fiber 2 grams Calcium 50.4 mg

Protein 1.52 grams Iron 0.4 mg

Carbohydrates 5.76 grams Potassium 256.6 mg

Vitamin A 460 IU Magnesium 46 mg

Aloe vera

Aloe vera, also known as the true or medicinal aloe, is a species of succulent plant in the

genus Aloe that is believed to have originated in the Sudan. Aloe vera grows in arid climates

and is widely distributed in Africa, India, and other arid areas. The species is frequently cited as

being used in herbal medicine. Many scientific studies of the use of aloe vera have been

undertaken, some of them conflicting. Despite these limitations, there is some preliminary

evidence that Aloe vera extracts may be useful in the treatment of wound and burn healing,

minor skin infections, Sebaceous cyst, diabetes, and elevated blood lipids in humans. These

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positive effects are thought to be due to the presence of compounds such as polysaccharides,

mannans, anthraquinones, and lectins.

Claims of medical properties

Scientific evidence for the cosmetic and therapeutic effectiveness of aloe vera is limited

and when present is frequently contradictory. Despite this, the cosmetic and alternative

medicine industries regularly make claims regarding the soothing, moisturizing, and healing

properties of aloe vera, especially via Internet advertising. Aloe vera gel is used as an ingredient

in commercially available lotion, yogurt, beverages, and some desserts. It is common practice

for cosmetic companies to add sap or other derivatives from aloe vera to products such as

makeup, tissues, moisturizers, soaps, sunscreens, incense, shaving cream, and shampoos.

Other uses for extracts of aloe vera include the dilution of semen for the artificial fertilization of

sheep, use as fresh food preservative, and use in water conservation in small farms. The

supposed therapeutic uses of aloe vera are not exclusive to the species and may be found to a

lesser or greater degree in the gels of all aloes, and indeed are shared with large numbers of

plants belonging to the family Asphodelaceae. Bulbine frutescens, for example, is used widely

for the treatment of burns and a host of skin afflictions. Aloe vera has a long association with

herbal medicine, although it is not known when its medical applications were first suspected.

Early records of aloe vera use appear in the Ebers Papyrus from 16th century BCE, in both

Dioscorides' De Materia Medica and Pliny the Elder's Natural History written in the mid-first

century CE along with the Juliana Anicia Codex produced in 512 CE. Aloe vera is non-toxic, with

no known side effects, provided the aloin has been removed by processing. Taking aloe vera

that contains aloin in excess amounts has been associated with various side-effects. However,

the species is used widely in the traditional herbal medicine of China, Japan, Russia, South

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Africa, the United States, Jamaica, Latin America and India. Aloe vera may be effective in

treatment of wounds. Evidence on the effects of its sap on wound healing, however, is limited

and contradictory. Some studies, for example, show that aloe vera promotes the rates of

healing, while, in contrast, other studies show that wounds to which aloe vera gel was applied

were significantly slower to heal than those treated with conventional medical preparations. A

more recent review (2007) concludes that the cumulative evidence supports the use of aloe

vera for the healing of first to second degree burns. In addition to topical use in wound or burn

healing, internal intake of aloe vera has been linked in preliminary research with improved

blood glucose levels in diabetics, and with lower blood lipids in hyperlipidaemic patients, but

also with acute hepatitis (liver disease). In other diseases, preliminary studies have suggested

oral aoe vera gel may reduce symptoms and inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Compounds extracted from aloe vera have been used as an immunostimulant that aids in

fighting cancers in cats and dogs; however, this treatment has not been scientifically tested in

humans.Topical application of aloe vera may be effective for genital herpes and psoriasis.

However, it is not effective for the prevention of radiation-induced injuries. Although

anecdotally useful, it has not been proven to offer protection from sunburn or suntan. In a

double-blind clinical trial, both the group using an aloe vera containing dentifrice and the group

using a fluoridated dentifrice had a reduction of gingivitis and plaque, but no statistically

significant difference was found between the two. For bacteria, inner-leaf gel from aloe vera

was shown to inhibit growth of Streptococcus and Shigella species in vitro.In contrast, aloe vera

extracts failed to show antibiotic properties against Xanthomonas species.

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Shampoo

Shampoo is a hair care product used for the removal of oils, dirt, skin particles,

dandruff, environmental pollutants and other contaminant particles that gradually build up in

hair. The goal is to remove the unwanted build-up without stripping out so much sebum as to

make hair unmanageable.

Even though most modern shampoos include a conditioning component, shampooing is

frequently followed by the use of conditioners which ease combing and styling.

Composition

Shampoo is generally made by combining a surfactant, most often sodium lauryl sulfate

and/or sodium laureth sulfate with a co-surfactant, most often cocamidopropyl betaine in water

to form a thick, viscous liquid. Other essential ingredients include salt (sodium chloride), which

is used to adjust the viscosity, a preservative and fragrance. Other ingredients are generally

included in shampoo formulations to maximize the following qualities:

 Pleasing foam  Good biodegradability

 Easy rinsing  Slightly acidic (pH less than 7), since

 Minimal skin/eye irritation a basic environment weakens the

 Feels thick and/or creamy hair by breaking the disulfide bonds

 Pleasant fragrance in hair keratin.

 Low toxicity  No damage to hair

Many shampoos are pearlescent. This effect is achieved by addition of tiny flakes of

suitable materials, e.g. glycol distearate, chemically derived from stearic acid, which may have

either animal or vegetable origins. Glycol distearate is a wax. Many shampoos also include

silicone to provide conditioning benefits.

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 Chapter 3

Methodology

This chapter contained data gathering instruments, treatment/general procedure, and

determination of hair strength.

Purpose & Research Design

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness if okra and aloe vera can

be made as a homemade shampoo. This study also determines which treatment way more

effective in strengthening hair.

Data Gathering Instruments

Materials and Equipment

In this experiment we used aloe vera stem, okra fruits, coconut oil, and tap water as the

main ingredients and the other materials are stove, clean pots for boiling of ingredients,

strainer, mask, funnel, clean bottles where to put the concoction, bowls for soaking, hair comb,

towel, and strands of hair.

Treatments

Setups Kind of Concentrations

A
Okra and Aloe Vera

B
Aloe Vera

C
Okra

This table shows the

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 Scale Strengthening Effectivity
3 Extremely tough Very Effective
2 Moderately tough Effective
1 Tough Slightly Effective

Procedure

First, enough hair strands were gathered for three treatments. Treatment of aloe vera

and okra, treatment aloe vera, treatment okra. Five grams of aloe vera boiled in 70 ml water for

30 minutes and strained to extract the juice. The decoction was placed in a clean bottle. To

prepare the okra decoction, 2 pieces okra fruits were boiled in 200 ml tap water for ten

minutes. The cooked okra were masked for extraction and decoction was strained for the

preparation of solution. The homemade shampoo was prepared from 50 ml aloe vera decoction

and 50 ml okra decoction. The homemade shampoo was then prepared into three setups. Setup

A is the treatment of aloe vera and okra, Setup B is the treatment of aloe vera only, and Setup

C is the treatment of okra only. All setups will be put in the table.

Soaking Process of the Hair Strands

The hair strands that have been divided enough for the three setups. The hair strands

were soaked in the respective bowls and left about 30 minutes. After 30 minutes the hair

strands were rinsed thoroughly with tap water.

Determination of Hair Strength

To determine the strength of the hair strand, pulling it until it breaks. The breaking of

hair strand will be recorded in a table and will be scaled.

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 Chapter 4

Results and Analysis

This chapter presented the data, analysis and interpretation of findings. It is in this part

whereby the data have been sorted out, tabulated, subjected to statistical analysis and then the

findings were interpreted.

Table 1 showed the difference in the hair strengthen and exposed treatments. Result

showed that treatment A was extremely tough, treatment B was moderately tough and

treatment C was tough.

Table 1 Difference in the hair strengths as exposed to treatments.

Treatment Mean Description

A 3.0 Extremely Tough

B 1.0 Moderately Tough

Tough
C 2.0

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 Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

Chapter 5 consisted of the following, namely (1) Summary, (2) Findings, (3) Conclusions

and (4) Recommendations.

Summary

Generally, this study aimed to determine the effectively of okra ang aloe vera in

strengthening of hair. Specifically, study sought to answer the following questions. The

homemade shampoo was then prepared into three treatments. Treatment A composed of aloe

vera and okra, Setup B composed of aloe vera only, and Setup C composed of okra only.

Result showed that Okra and Aloe Vera can be used a potential raw material component in

strengthening hair.

Statistical tools

Mean was used to determine if there is a significant difference in the comparative

effectiveness of each treatment being tested. Mean is equal to the sum of all scores divided by

the number of treatments.

X=EX

X=Mean

EX= Sum of all Scores

N= Number of Treatment

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Conclusions

Based on the results obtained from the experiment, the researchers drawn the following

conclusions:

1. Okra and aloe vera can be used as an alternative strengthening shampoo.

2. There was no significant difference in the effectivity of different concentration of

okra and aloe vera in strengthening hair, in terms of strengthening, treatment was

found to the effective than the rest of the treatments.

Recommendations

On the basis of the conclusions formulated, the following recommendations are offered

for possible further study.

1. Use other ingredient/concentration which was not yet tried.

2. Use more resources.

3. The researchers recommend utilizing other alternative ingredients.

4. Use any alternative herbal plants for more to make the things more complicated

because this IP is so easy.

5. Use other finding or experiment to know more useful abilities of this homemade

shampoo.

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 References

http://images.hboys2011.multiply.multiplycontent.com/attachment/0/S4fLKwooCG4AAG0dNVk1

/sample%20ip.pdf?nmid=320399782

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/

http://www.wikipedia.com/

http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/okra

http://www.wikipedia.com/wiki/aloe vera

Encarta premium (2009)

http://www.Expiro.org/

http://Trojan.com/

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