2020-6

SRH UNIVERSITY HEIDELBERG

HYDROPOWER
HOMEWORK 1
1. It is desired to determine the drag force on a torpedo, which is moving at a velocity
of 10 m/s in sea water. For this reason, a model with a scale ratio of 2 is to be tested
in a water tunnel. The density and viscosity of water are 1000 kg/m3 and 0.00112 Pa
s, respectively, while the density and viscosity of seawater are 1030 kg/m3 and
0.0012 Pa s, respectively.
a) Determine the velocity of water in the water tunnel.
b) If the drag force is measured to be 200 N in the laboratory, determine the
corresponding drag force on the prototype.
(Ans. a) 19.23 m/s; b) 222.8 N)

2. A ship with a length of 80 m moves through the fresh water at 150C with a speed of
10 m/s. A model of this ship with a scale ratio of 100 is to be tested in a towing basin
containing a liquid with a density of 810 kg/m3.
a) Determine the speed at which the model is to be towed.
b) Determine the absolute viscosity of the liquid through which the model is
to be towed.
c) If the towing force on the model is 15 N, determine the propulsive force
on the prototype.
(Ans. a) 1 m/s; b) 9.234x10-7 Pa.s; c) 18.5 MN)

3. The flow in a river having a depth of 2 m is to be investigated in the laboratory. For

this reason, tests are performed on a model with a water depth of 0.1 m. If the velocity
of water in the model is 3 m/s, determine the corresponding velocity in the river.
(Ans. 13.42 m/s)

4. The power, P, required by a blower depends on the rotor diameter, d, rotational

speed, N, volumetric flow rate, Q, pressure rise across the blower, p, and density of
the fluid, .
a) Determine the nondimensional  parameters involving P, Q and p as
nonrepeating variables.
 b) A blower with a diameter of 1 m is designed to deliver a volumetric flow
rate of 60 m3/s with a pressure rise of 5 kPa when it is rotating at 1450 rpm. A model
of this blower is then developed before building the prototype. In the laboratory, the
test conditions are sufficient to handle blowers with a power requirement up to 10
kW when they are rotating at 1450 rpm. Assume an efficiency of 60 percent for the
model and prototype. The working fluid is air for both cases. Determine the diameter
of the model blower. Also, find the pressure rise and the volumetric flow rate through
the model blower.
P Q p
(Ans. a) , ; b) 0.4573 m, 1046 Pa, 5.738 m3/s)
 N D ND  N 2 D 2
3 5 3

5. A bullet is to be tested in the laboratory to determine the drag force on it. The drag
force, D, depends on the velocity of the bullet, V, length of the bullet, L, density of
the fluid, , and absolute viscosity of the fluid, .
a) Determine the nondimensional  parameters involving D and  as
nonrepeating variables.
b) A bullet traveling at a speed of 100 m/s in air is to be modeled in a water
tunnel with a test section velocity of 3 m/s. Determine the length of the model, if the
length of the bullet is 0.04 m. The density and absolute viscosity of air are 1.2 kg/m3
and 1.8x10-5 Pa.s, respectively, while the density and absolute viscosity of water are
1000 kg/m3 and 1x10-3 Pa.s, respectively.
c) If the drag force on the model is measured to be 5 N, determine the
expected drag force on the bullet.

F 
(Ans a) , ; b) 0.8889 m; c) 1.35 N)
V L VL
2 2