Learning Tool 1: Three qualitative Research Designs
Qualitative Research Definitions from current Literature
approaches
Phenomenology Is the study of lived experiences. As its name
suggest phenomenology is concerned with the
study of phenomena that arise from the experience
in the world. It was a break from the Certesian
system that pitched stark distinctions between the
outer real reality and the individual experience
reality. In other words, the phenomenological
approach aims to develop a complete, accurate,
clear and articulate description and understanding
of a particular human experience or experiential
moment.
Case study A case study is like an in-depth and extended
example that is used to illustrate a particular
argument. Basically, a case study is an in-depth
study of a particular situation rather than a
sweeping statistical survey. It is a method used to
narrow down a very broad field of research into
one easily researchable topic. This method of
study is especially useful for trying to test
theoretical models by using them in real world
situations. Case study can integrate both
quantitative and qualitative information. Also, this
research approach is generally categorized in three
ways: exploratory, descriptive or explanatory.
Action case study The application of such a theory/knowledge to
design practice through an action case study is an
Your own definition
We can explain this concept as, that
investigation or study of the phenomena that
occur in the world and that are manifested in
our experience, that is, the way in which we
perceive and understand the phenomena and the
meaning that our mind gives when perceiving
them.
A case study is basically a strategy that is used
in the qualitative or quantitative field to
summarize an investigation with various
examples and analysis, that is, it is an intensive
and systematic investigation of a single
individual, group, community or some other
unit in the that the researcher examines data
related to several variables in depth.
We think that , the action case is a type of
qualitative research. As the name suggests it is
 intrinsically goal-oriented problem-solving case
study activity. It attempts to lean general lessons
from specific cases, to operate concepts, to
develop comparisons and the like, through
repeated case applications. Action
research focuses on solving the immediate
problem whereas, case studies focus on a
particular phenomenon for a longer
period of time. Action research method emphasis
on solving the problem whereas case
study method emphasis on observing, analyzing
and interpreting a particular phenomenon or
scenario.
more action oriented in order to solve an
immediate problem. Action research helps the
researcher to improvise its current practices and
is applied for researching into issues. This helps
in observing the problem and identifying the
cause and then addressing the issue so mainly it
is more focused on immediate addressing to
practical problems and in generating knowledge
to produce change.

Differences with Examples from the corresponding research Articles

1. (phenomenology &
case study)
2. (case study &
action case study)
3. (phenomenology &
action case study)