Technical Specification for the Construction of a Residential

Building Belonging To Mr Inosa Joda

EXCAVATION AND EARTH WORK

1. SUB SOIL: the contractor must satisfy himself as to the nature of the soil, no claim for additional
cost due to insufficient of knowledge his inspectors will be entertained.
2. SURFACE EXCAVATION: All shrubs, trees, bushes and roots shall be cleared from the area. The
top soil and vegetables matter over the site of the building shall be excavated at least 20cm and
removed.
3. TRENCHES: The foundation trench shall be excavated from to the width as shown on the
foundation plan, the depth as may be directed and in any case should reach the bearing soil and all
the trenches shall be left open for inspection by the architect/Engineer.
4. EARTH – WORK SUPPORT: The contractor shall be responsible for fixing and removal of any
earth work support and which shall be strong enough to resist earth pressure and ensure the safety of
workmen and the work.
5. BOTTOM EXCAVATION: The bottom of excavation trenches, floors etc are to be formed to
correct levels of fall as required thoroughly consolidated. All soft spots are to be cut off and filled
with selected excavated materials as need may be, well consolidated in layers not exceeding 20cm
thick. Where selected materials are used, it should be watered as necessary to ensure maximum
density on compaction.
6. BACK FILLING: Excavation materials shall be return and fill around the foundations, floors etc up
to the finished ground level or under site of the hardcore base. Backfilling shall be done in layers not
exceeding 20cm thick and to be carefully rammed and consolidated as necessary, water added if
necessary. The earth for filling and making up levels shall be clean, free from all refuse and rubbish.
7. HARD CORE: All the hard core material shall be of crush stones or other approved materials and is
laid to a maximum depth of 15cm well bedded down and leveled ready.

CONCRETE/MORTAR WORK

In all masonry works, the composition of concrete or mortars shall respect certain elementary
qualities as described below.

1. FINE AGGREGATES (SAND): All the sand to be used shall be free acids, organic matter, animal
or vegetable matter and shall be capable of passing through the following sieves 0.05, 0.08, 2.5 and
2.8mm for mortar and screed finished while for concreting will range from 0.16 – 5mm. The sand
shall be river or pit sand as the architect many required.
2. COURSE AGGREGATES (GRAVEL): The coarse aggregates shall be natural or crushed stones
and shall be homogeneous. It must be free silt or dirt and other noxious elements by sieving or wash
with clean water.
3. CEMENT/ADDITIVES: The cement to be used for concrete and mortar shall be Dangote 42.5mp
or otherwise must be obtained from an approved manufacturer. The cement shall be well stocked in
dry rooms free from moisture and well ventilated to avoid humidity. Any cement or additive that
does not comply with the norms of construction shall be rejected.
4. WATER: The water for mortar and concrete or for washing of aggregates shall be free from salt and
other impurities. It must be fit for drinking.
5. MIXING: All mixing exception very small quantities shall be3e varied out in approved batches and
mixing shall continue until there is uniform distribution of materials and the mass uniform color and
consistency. Concrete once prepared shall be immediately deposited and consolidated. Neither
 mortar nor concrete shall be mix upon finished surfaces. The contractor shall protect all finished
flooring or other works from damage during subsequent concrete works.
6. FORMWORK: All formwork casing or moulds shall be substantial and adequate in every respect or
their purpose and shall be clean and smooth. No formwork or centering is to be struck until seven
days after the concrete has been placed or until such times as the architect may decide as satisfactory.

FOUNDATION

1. LEAN CONCRETE: IT shall be dozed at 150kg/m3 and 5cm thick put direct on the floor of the
trenches.
2. FOUNDATION: The walls of the foundation shall be constructed with cement block of
20x20x40cm filled with concrete of dosage 150kg/m3.
3. PILLARS: All the reinforce pillars as indicated on working drawings are described as follows:
- For 20 X20cm pillars 4 rods of H8mm with stirrups of 6mm at 20cm center to center.
4. REINFORCEMENT CONCRETE: it dosage shall be as follows:
 Dosage of 300 kg/m3 and iron rods
5. WALL RING BEAM: it dosage shall be as follows:
 Dosage of 300 kg/m3
 3 iron rods of H8mm with 6mm stirrups at 15cm centers

MASONRY WORKS

A. WALLS: The supporting walls shall be of 15x20x40cm cement block duelly lay in stretcher
bond with cement mortars.
B. PILLARS: These pillars shall be of reinforced concrete of:
- 15 X 25cm all-round the building dosed at 350kg/m3
C. LINTELS: These are in reinforced concrete of 15 X 20cm or following the thickness of the
walls dosed at 350kg/m3 with 4 rods of H8mm and 6mm stirrups at 20cm centers.
D. VERANDA BEAMS: These are in reinforced concrete beam of 20 X 20cm or following the
thickness of the walls dosed at 350kg/m3 with 4 rods of H8mm and 6mm stirrups at 20cm centers
E. WALLS PLATE (RING BEAM): This is reinforced concrete beam of 20 X20 or following the
thickness of the walls dosed at 350kg/m3 with 4 rods of H8mm and 6mm stirrups at 20cm
centers.
F. HARDCORE FILLING: This will consist of gravel, sea, wall, laterite or stones duly laid on the
rammed floor to a specific thickness as prescribed in the plan.
G. OVERSITE CONCRETE: This is mass concrete of 8cm thickness to be laid over the hardcore
filling and the surface must be float finished.
H. FLOOR FINISH (TILES): This floor will be tiled with ceramic tiles of 40x20cm
I. CEMENT/SAND PLASTER: This is cement/mortars used in plastering of sand concrete blocks
or sundry bricks surfaces and concrete dressing with a minimum thickness of 1.5cm dosed at
400kg/m3
J. DECORATIVE WINDOW BLOCKS: These are precast sand concrete blocks laid in windows
with cement/sand mortars. The Engineer of control will specify the design intended in all works.

FRAME WORK, ROOF AND CEILING

ROOF WORK

1. ROOF TRUSS: These are hard wood rafters of 5cm X 15cm duly assembled with tie beams of 5 X
15cm and braces of 5 X 10cm as designed in the plan. They are rigidly fixed on the ring beams
directly or on hard wood timber wall plate anchored with 6mm rods from the ring beams.
 2. PURLINS: These are hardwood of 5 X 8cm – 10cm fixed on the roof truss to receive the roofing
sheets.
3. ROOFING SHEETS: the roofing sheets shall be either of tac or 3m hard aluminum sheets as
necessary but with length as per roof dimensions. These roofing sheets must be fixed in place with
ridging and angle sheets. The gable ends and eaves will be 4/10 gauge. Seasoned hard board could be
used for the facial board.

CEILING

Ceiling joists: The ceiling joists must be hard wood of 5 X 8cm with molded ceiling battens
(Noggins).

Plywood: This shall be of 4mm white plywood duly fixed on the noggins and the joints covered with
battens.

Note: Ventilation of the ceiling will be done with 4 holes covered with mesh

Access to the ceiling should also be provided with coverage

METAL WORKS

Doors (if necessary): These are metal doors with the folloe3ing prescription:

 Frames: Angle bar (iron) of 35

 Doors: Tube 25 or 35 with 2 sheets of 10/10 on both sides
 Lock: Vachette locks with handles and at least 3keys in a set.

ANGLE BAR (VERANDAS)

This is very necessary along the verandah and steps to avoid damage of the rises to the floors.

Note: All metal works will be given two coats of anti-rust and oil paint finish.

Electrical installation

i. CONDUITING: it is recommended and shall consist of bury 13mm orange plastic pipes in the
blocks or bricks duly chiseled and covered with cement/sand mortar dosed at 400kg/m3
ii. CABLING: the cable in use should either be VGV or TH:- 1.5mm2 for lighting and 2.5mm2 for
sockets.
iii. ACCESSORIES: For lighting, the lamps must be fluorescent and other accessories shall be
described by the Engineer of Control in the site.

PAINTING AND DECORATION

No painting shall be done on surfaces that are not thoroughly dry. Painting work to be done will
include the brushing of surfaces to paint and a through mix of the paint to give a homogenous colour of
the structure. The finish colour of the building is to be given by the owner of the project.

WHITE WASH

Slaked lime shall be applied on all wall surfaces to be painted.

DECORATION
  The ceiling is finished with gloss paint in 2 coats
 The external walls are finished with Pantex 1300 or its equivalent in 2 coats
 Internal walls are given 2 coats of Pantex 800 or its equivalent
 Skirting is done to 20cm height
 All metal work should be given 2 coats of oil paint.

DRAINAGE

Gutter: They shall be of stone work or block work of 15cm rendered and shall go round the whole
structure.