AGR 17th Batch

Department of Animal Science

Faculty of Agriculture
EXIM Bank Agricultural University Bangladesh
Course Title- Introductory Animal Science
Course Code- ANS 132

Objectives: After completing this chapter we will be able to know-

Biosecurity measures in dairy and poultry farms.
Name of different diseases of cattle, sheep, goat and poultry.
Vaccination schedule of livestock and poultry.

Diseases

Diseases are any type of deviation from normal health of animals.

Types of diseases on the basis of causal agents-

A. Infectious Diseases
1. Bacterial
2. Viral
3. Fungal
4. Protozoa

B. Non-infectious Diseases
1. Nutritional deficiency Diseases, Worms, Tick, Mite, Lice infestation

Disease of Cattle:

Viral Diseases-

1. Foot and Mouth Disease

2. Lumpy skin disease
3. Rabies
4. Bovine Ephemeral Fever

Bacterial Diseases-

1. Anthrax
2. Mastitis
3. Black Quarter
4. Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (HS)
5. Brucellosis
6. Tuberculosis
 AGR 17th Batch

Metabolic Diseases-

1. Milk Fever
2. Bloat
3. Repeat breeding
4. Pica

Diseases of Goat and Sheep:

Viral Diseases-

1. Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR)/Goat plague

2. Goat Pox
3. FMD

Bacterial Diseases-

1. Black Quarter
2. Enterotoxemia
3. Foot Rot

Diseases of Poultry:

Viral Diseases-

1. Avian Influenza
2. New Castle
3. Infectious Bursal Disease
4. Chicken Pox
5. Egg Drop Syndrome
6. Marek’s Disease

Bacterial Diseases-

1. Fowl Typhoid
2. Pullorum Disease
3. Fowl Cholera
4. Collibacillosis
5. Enterotoxemia
6. Mycoplasmosis
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Vaccine:

A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.

Points to be noted in vaccination:

 Animals should be in good health at the time of vaccination. Do not vaccinate animals
which are already in stress (Like bad weather, Scarcity of fodder & water, Disease
outbreaks, after transportation etc.)
 Try to deworm animals & remove ecto-parasites one to two weeks prior to
vaccination.
 Strictly follow vaccination schedule after consultation with veterinary experts.
 Keep records of vaccination for name of vaccine manufacturing company, Batch
number, Expiry date, Dose & route of vaccine.
 Maintain cold chain for vaccines which may have to keep for 2-8 degree Celsius
temperature.

Vaccination Schedule for Poultry:

Age Vaccine Route Type

1 day Marek’s disease SC Turkey herpesvirus & SB-1

5-7 days Newcastle Intraocular Live

26–28 days Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water B1/Mass

14–21 days Infectious bursal disease Water Intermediate

5 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or coarse spray B1/Mass

8–10 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or coarse spray B1 or LaSota/Mass

10–12 wk Encephalomyelitis Wing web Live, chick-embryo origin

10–12 wk Fowl pox Wing web Modified live

10–12 wk Laryngotracheitis Intraocular Modified live

10–14 wk Mycoplasma gallisepticum Intraocular or spray Mild live strain

12–14 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or aerosol B1 or LaSota/Mass

16–18 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or aerosol B1 or LaSota/Mass

Every 60–90 Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Parenteral Inactivated

days or 18 wk
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Vaccination Schedule for Cattle:

Sl. Name of Disease Age at first dose Booster dose Subsequent dose
No
1 Foot and Mouth 4 months and above 1 month after Six monthly
Disease (FMD) first dose
2 Haemorrhagic 6 months and above - Annually in endemic
Septicaemia (HS) areas.
3 Black Quarter (BQ) 3 months and above - Annually in endemic
areas.
4 Brucellosis 4-8 months of age - Once in a lifetime
(Only female calves)
5 Anthrax 2 years and above - Annually in endemic
areas.
6 Rabies (Post bite Immediately after 4th day 7,14,28 and 90 (optional)
therapy only) suspected bite. days after first dose.

Vaccination Schedule for goat:

S.No. Name of Disease Time Table

Primary vaccination Regular Vaccination

1. Anthrax At the age of 6 month for kid Once Annually (In Affected
or lamb area only)

2. P.P.R. At the age of 3 month for kid Once in three years

or lamb & above

3. Foot & mouth disease At the age of 4 month for kid Twice in a year (September
(F.M.D.) or lamb & above & March)

4. Goat Pox At the age of 3 month & above Once Annually (December
for Kid month)

Biosecurity:

Biosecurity, which literally means safety of living things, is a programme designed to prevent
the exposure of animals to disease causing organisms by reducing introduction and spread of
pathogens into and between the farms.

Types-

1. Conceptual
2. Structural
3. Operational