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A Thermal Transformer For Recycling and Upgrading Waste Heat
A Thermal Transformer For Recycling and Upgrading Waste Heat
Waste-Heat Problem
Opportunities
What is
waste
heat?
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Electricity Generation
26 Commercial
Residential
<100°C
100-299°C
52%
The proportion of global
68
37 waste heat estimated to be
Process Industry >300°C
recoverable
Transportation
0 10 20 30
Useful energy (PWh)
Waste Heat (PWh)
Unrecoverable losses (PWh)
Recoverable waste heat (PWh) 40TWh recoverable waste heat
from UK industry annually (DECC)
Source: BEIS Report, 2017
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
10000
Industrial
Chemical Reactions
Process
Text
Phase
Change Text
Materials Text
Water
1000
Requiring no additional
100
Storage Temperature in degrees centigrade (°C) energy input
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
The Technology
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Adsorption
Fluid
Exothermic
Solid
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Desorption
Fluid
Endothermic
Solid
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Thermal Transformation
CHARGING PHASE
COOLING HEATING
Thermal Transformation
DISCHARGING PHASE
Thermal Transformation
HEAT IN
HEAT OUT
Transformed Heat
Pressure
HEAT OUT
HEAT IN
Design
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Aims
Project Plan
4. Design and 5. Impact
build of
Thermal
3. Design • Producing
Transformer
project
and build of website
LTJ • Reactor
design
2. Material
Manufacture • LTJ design • Manufacture
and
• Manufacture
Identify assembly
1. Project Scope • and
temperatures assembly • Safety testing
• Review and select
• Safety testing • Cycling
current salts
technologies • Manufacture • Testing
• Identify composite
waste-heat materials
problem • Analyse
thermal
properties
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Choice of reactants
Working fluid Salt pair Composite material
Design Concepts
Common requirements of both LTJ and Thermal Transformer
Safety Critical
Modular Design
High pressures &
Change candidate
temperatures,
salts
toxic gas
Assembly
Mechanical and electrical components
assembled in the laboratory
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
OIL JACKETS
Oil flows through
an outer tube to
transfer heat
REACTOR
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Thermal Transformer
High
Low Temperature
Temperature
Reactor
Reactor
Control
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Hardware
3x Flowmeters 3x Pressure Transducers
2x Solenoids
7x Thermocouples
Undisturbed
test cycles
Remote access:
presence in lab
not required
The Data
Acquisition unit
(DAQ)
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Software
Stability
Monitor
Bath Control
Data Solenoid
recording Valve
Control
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Results
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
40°C
Temperature lift
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Future work
Further testing Heat exchanger redesign Scaling
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Conclusions
Introduction Waste-heat problem Technology Design Control Results Conclusions
Conclusions
£2.2bn
UK annual industrial energy usage
Conclusions
Any questions?
33