POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Maragondon Branch
Maragondon, Cavite

Name: Salamat, Andre Agassi D. Date: June 14, 2021

Course/Year: BSEE-3 Subject Code: MEEN 20052 Fluid Mechanics

Week 4

Activities:
Solve the following:
1. The radius of the tube is 1 mm. The surface tension of water at 20 oC is equal to 0.0728 N/m. For a
water-glass interface Ѳ = 0o.
a. Compute the capillary rise in tube in mm.

Solution:
h = 2σcos Ѳ
ɣR
= 2 (0.0728) cos Ѳ
(9810) (0.001)
= 0.0148
= 148 mm

b. Compute the total force due to surface tension. (F = σπd cos Ѳ)

Solution:
F = σπd Cos Ѳ
= (0.0728) (0.002) cos Ѳ
= 4.57 x 10-4 N

2. Find:
a. the depression h of the mercury in the glass capillary tube having diameter of 2 mm if the surface
tension is 0.514 N/m for Ѳ = 40o

Solution:
n = 4Ѳ cos Ѳ
Ppg
= 4 (0.514 N/m) cos (40°)
(13.6) (1000kg/m3) (0.002 m) (9.81m/s2)
= 5.9 mm

b. Compute the force caused by surface tension.

Solution:
F = πѲd cos Ѳ
= Ѳ (0.514 N/m) (0.002 m) cos (40°)
= 2.47 x 10-3 N
c. Determine the density of mercury.

Solution:
SG = 136
= 13600 kg/m3

Assessment:
Solve the following:
1. Find the capillary rise in the tube for a mercury-air-glass interface with σ = 0.514 N/m if the tube radius
is 1mm and the temperature is 20 oC.

Solution:
13.6 = Ɣ s/9810 N/m
= 13.6 (9810) N/m
= 133.416 kN/m

h = 2 σ cos Ѳ
Ɣr
= 2 (0.514) cos (130°)
133416 (1x10-3 m)
= - 44.95 mm

2. If a bubble is equivalent to an air-water interface with σ = 0.005 lb/ft, what is the pressure difference
between the inside and outside of a bubble of diameter 0.003 in?

Solution:
R = 0.003/2
= 1.5 x 10-3 in (1 ft/12 in)
= 1.25 x 10-4 ft

Ѳ = PR/2
P = 2 Ѳ/R
= 2 (0.005 lb/ft)/1.25 x 10-4 ft
= 80 lb/ft3

3. The surface tensions of mercury and water at 60 oC are 0.47 N/m and 0.0662 N/m, respectively. What
capillary-height changes will occur in these two fluids when they are in contact with air in glass tube of
radius 0.30mm? Use θ = 130o for mercury, and 0 o for water; Ɣ = 132.3 KN/m3 for mercury, and 9.650
KN/m3 for water.

Solution:
Mercury-air in glass tube
h = 2 Ѳ cos Ѳ
Ɣr
= 2 (0.47N/m) cos (130°)
132.3 kN/m3 (30 x 10-3 m)
= - 15.22 mm
 Water-air in glass tube
h = 2 Ѳ cos Ѳ
Ɣr
= 2 (0.0662 N/m) cos Ѳ
9.650 kN/m3 (0.30 x 10-3 m)
= 45.73 mm

4. At 30 oC what diameter glass tube is necessary to keep the capillary-height of change of water less
than 2 mm.

Solution:
2mm = 4 Ѳ cos Ѳ/PgO

= (0.076 – 0.059) (0.70) + (0.059)

= 0.0709
D = 4 (0.0709 N/m) cos 0°
9810 N/m3 (2 x 10-3 m)
= 14.45 mm

5. Find the change in volume of 1.0 ft3 of water at 80 oF when subjected to a pressure increase of 300 psi.
Water’s bulk modulus of elasticity at this temperature is 325,000 psi.

Solution:
EB = - ∆𝑃VO
∆V
= 325000 = - 300 (1)
∆V
= - 300 (1)
325000
= - 0.923 x 10-3 ft3

6. A rigid steel container is partially filled with a liquid at 15 atm. The volume of the liquid is 1.232 L. At
a pressure of 30 atm, the volume of the liquid is 1.231 L. Find the average bulk modulus of elasticity of
the liquid over the given range of pressure if the temperature after compression is allowed to return to its
initial value. What is the coefficient of compressibility in Gpa-1?

Solution:
Pp = (30-15) atm (1.232L) / - (1.231 – 1232)
= 18480 atm (101325 PA/1 atm)
= 1.87 GPa

Coefficient of compressibility
= 0.534 x 10-9 GPa
= 0.534 GPa-1