wØZxq Awa‡ekb: m¤^‡Ü

mvwnZ¨-Rxeb-mgvR I ms¯‥…wZ wel‡q:

AvR‡Ki Awa‡ek‡b mevB‡K ¯^vvMZ| wkÿv_©x eÜyMY mKj‡K ï‡f”Qv Rvwb‡q
MÖx®§Kvjxb UªvBwg÷v‡ii wØZxq Awa‡ekb Avi¤¢ KiwQ| AvR cqjv Avlvp Ñ el©vKvj|
cÖvPxb I ga¨hyMxq evOvwj ms¯‥…wZ‡Z el©v wei‡ni FZz| loFZzi †`k evsjv‡`‡k
el©vi ¸iæZ¡ Amxg| Avlvp-kÖveY GB `yBgvm elv©Kvj ev el©vFZz| Mªx‡®§i cÖPÐ
`ve`v‡ni Kvi‡Y evZv‡m cÖPzi cwigv‡Y Rjxq ev®úR‡g| mgy`ªc„‡ô gv‡S g‡a¨B
jNyPvc †_‡K wb¤œPv‡ci m„wó nq| wb¤œPvc †_‡K A‡bK mgq cÖjqsKix mvB‡K¬v‡bi
m„wó nq| So-R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi f‡q AvZswKZ _v‡K DcK~jeZ©x gvbyl| mg¯Í w`b AvKvk
†gNv”Qbœ _v‡K| KLbI KLbI fvix Nb K…ò‡g‡Ni mvwgqvbv mg¯Í AvKvk †X‡K
iv‡L| nVvr SgSg bv‡g e„wói SvuK Ñ gvV-NvU-b`x-bvjvq •_ •_ K‡i e¨vKzj Rj|
Rjve× b`x ZxieZ©x bxPz A‡ji gvby‡li •`bw›`b Rxeb `ywe©mn n‡q I‡V| A‡bK
mgq `xN© ¯
vqx eb¨vi Kvi‡Y RbRxe‡b †b‡g Av‡m `y‡fv©M| gvbyl I cÖK…wZ
Awe‡”Q`¨| ZvB cÖK…wZi †h‡Kv‡bv cwieZ©b gvby‡li g‡bI cÖfve †d‡jÑ e`‡j hvq
gvby‡li AvPiY, g‡bi Ae¯
v| ZvB evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ FZzwfwËK mvwn‡Z¨i cÖvPzh©
jÿYxq| cÖvPxb Kvj †_‡KB Mv‡b, KweZvq, M‡í, Dcb¨v‡m loFZzi Hk¦hgq
Dcw¯
wZ jÿYxq|

ms¯‥…Z mvwn‡Z¨ Ôivgvq‡YÕ ebevmx ivg-mxZvi †PZbvq Avlv‡pi †gNXvKv

AvKvk †_‡K Nb el©‡Yi m¤¢vebvq GK wfbœZi Av‡ek m„wó n‡Z †`Lv hvq| el©vi
†m․›`h© Ges cÖK…wZi RM‡Z NUgvb cÖwZgyn~‡©i cwieZ©b mxZvi wei‡n weinx ivgP‡›`ªi
gb‡K ZQbQ K‡i w`‡”Q| wb‡Ri `yfv© ‡M¨i mv‡_ A‡b¨i †m․fv‡M¨i Zzjbv K‡i
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Ò†g‡Nv`i-wewbgy©³vt Kc©yi`jkxZjvt|
kK¨gÄwjwft cvZzs evZvt †KZKMwÜbt \ A_©vr Ñ †g‡Ni Mwnb MnŸi †_‡K
†h eÍvm †ewi‡q Avm‡Q Zv Kc©yi`‡ji g‡Zv kxZj, †Kqv dz‡ji †m․M‡Ü Zv cwic~Y©,
†mB evZvm AÄwj f‡i cvb Kievi †hvM¨ g‡b n‡”Q| [iv‡gl¦i kÕ, ms¯‥…Z I cÖvK…Z
mvwnZ¨: mgvR‡PZbv I g~j¨vqb, 1390, 115]
Kwe Kvwj`v‡mi ÔFZzmsnviÕ Kve¨, gvjweKvwMœwgÎ bvU‡K Ges Ô †gN`~Z
bvgK Kv‡e¨ gvbeg‡b cÖK…wZ we‡klZ elv©cÖK…wZi cÖfve AmvaviY AvL¨v‡bi ga¨ w`‡q
eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB Kve¨wU Kvwj`vm Avi¤¢ K‡i‡Qb ÔAvlvpÕ gv‡mi cÖ_g w`b
1

A_v©r AvKvkfiv beelv©i †gNgvjv †`‡L Kv‡e¨i bvqK h‡ÿ¥i ü`‡q †h, wei‡ni
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fv‡ev`q n‡q‡Q Zvi cUf~wg‡ZB Kwe Zvui Kve¨ iPbv K‡ib| evsjvmvwn‡Z¨ Ph©vc`
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n‡q‣Q| evsjv g½jKve¨¸‡jv‡Z Òev‡ivgvm¨vÓ bvgK GKwU Ask i‡q‡Q| †mLv‡b
eQ‡ii ev‡iv gv‡mi cÖvK…wZK cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ bvixi Av_©-mvgvwRK- •ReRxeb Ges
gb¯ÍvwË¡K Rxe‡bi K_v i‡q‡Q| AvaywbK hy‡M weÁv‡bi bvbvwea M‡elYvq cwi‡ek I
cÖK…wZ GKwU ¯^Zš¿ Aw¯Í‡Z¡ cwiYZ n‡q‡Q Ñ GB `ywU e¨ZxZ gvby‡li Aw¯ÍZ¡
AKíbxq| †mB m‡½ mvwn‡Z¨I cÖK…wZ‡K Rxe‡bi Abyl½iƒ‡c, KLbI cÖK…wZ‡KB
gyL¨cÖwZcv`¨iƒ‡c wPwÎZ Kiv nq| Rx‡ei Aw¯ÍZ¡ wUwK‡q ivLvi Rb¨ cÖK…wZ †K‡bv
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cÖwZfv Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi bvbvfv‡eB M‡í, KweZvq, bvUK, Dcb¨v‡m, b„Z¨-bv‡U¨
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ÔKíbvÕ bvgK Kv‡e¨ wZwb mKj‡K WvK w`‡q ej‡QbÑ

ÒH Av‡m H AwZ •fie ni‡l

RjwmwÂZ wÿwZ †m․ifi‡m
Nb‡M․i‡e be‡h․ebv eilv
k¨vgM¤¢xi mimv|Ó/elv©g½j/Kíbv \
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Mfxi nq Kwe Zv †`wL‡q‡Qb Gfv‡e Ñ

†nwiqv k¨vgj Nb bxj MM‡b

mRj KvRj AvuwL cwoj g‡b|
hvi mRj A_©vr R‡j fiv `ywU Xvmv Xvmv †PvL g‡b coj †m _v‡K g‡bi
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my`~wiKv‡KB †h‡bv GKvwK‡Z¡i †e`bv Rvwb‡q w`‡”Qb KweÑ

†g‡Ni c‡i †gN R‡g‡Q, Avuavi K‡i Av‡m|

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e‡j‡Qb wb‡Pi D×…Zvs‡kÑ

AvKvkZ‡j `‡j `‡j †gN †W‡K hvq

ÔAvq Avq Avq\
2

†h Agb cvMj Kiv K‡É WvK w`‡q hvq †m cÖK…wZ| Zvi Wv‡K Av‡Q Ac~e©
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gvqvi ¯úk©| †m Wv‡K N‡i _vKv hvq bv, e„ÿjZvi Dci by‡q cov †gN Qzu‡Z B‡”Q
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evB‡i †ewi‡q coevi R‡b¨ Kwe Avi RvqMvqÒAvlvpÓ‡KB †W‡K ej‡QbÑ

Avlvp, †Kv_v n‡Z AvR †cwj Qvov|

gv‡Vi †k‡l k¨vgj †e‡k ÿ‡YK `vuov\
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Ggb Nb‡Nvi ewilvqÑ
Ggb †gN¯^‡i ev`j-SiS‡i,
Zcbnxb Nb Zgmvq|
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wbf„Z wbR©b Pvwiavi|
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AvKv‡k Rj S‡i Awbevi|
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mgvR msmvi wg‡Q me,
wg‡Q G Rxe‡bi Kjie|
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üw` w`‡q üw` Abyfe|
Avuav‡i wg‡k †M‡Q Avi me| Ó
Ôelv©i w`‡b/gvbmxÕ

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•PZ‡b¨i myß Zv‡i UsKvi †Zv‡j| cÖvY-gb, m‡PZb mËv GKwU we›`y‡Z w¯
i n‡ZB
AKviY GK Avw`g k~b¨Zv fzeb Qvwc‡q I‡V| †gN¯úk©x GKvKxZ¡ †PZbvi g‡Â
†Zv‡j ZvÐe b„Z¨| ü`‡qi Mn‡b †h-evm K‡i, hv‡K †c‡j mKj PvIqvi N‡U Aemvb
Zvi Rb¨ gb †Kgb K‡i| Zv‡K cÖv‡Yi †h-K_v ejevi Rb¨ A‡cÿvi AšÍ wQj bv,
AvR Zv ejevi mgq Dcw¯
Z| GB Dchy³ mgq, Ôwbf„Z wbR©b Pvwiavi, †m K_v
kywb‡e bv †Kn AviÕ, ïay †mB ïb‡e hvi Ae¯
vb Mwnb g‡i AwPb e‡b| weinx wP‡Ëi
3

elv© Mvn©¯
¨ Rxe‡b Av‡m Avi GK iƒ‡cÑ

Page
 ÒMM‡b Mi‡R †gN, Nb eilv |
K~‡j GKv e‡m AvwQ, bvwn fimv|
ivwk ivwk fviv fviv
avb KvUv nj mviv,
fiv b`x ÿziaviv
Licikv|
KvwU‡Z KvwU‡Z avb Gj eilv|Ó / †mvbvi Zix\

b`xgvZ…K evsjv‡`k| evOvwji Av_©-mvgvwRK-mvs¯‥…wZK I e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b

elv©FZzi cÖfve Avw`Kvj †_‡KB mgfv‡e we`¨gvb| HwZnvwmK I †f․‡MvwjKfv‡e
GK_v mZ¨ †h, b`x Øviv wbwg©Z GKwU Rv‡ji Dci †h‡bv evsjvi f~L ЇK ¯
vcb Kiv
n‡q‡Q| evsjvi f~LЇK AwZµg K‡i GK mgq AvovB nvRvi b`xi cÖevn
e‡½vcmvM‡i cwZZ n‡Zv| eQ‡i QÕgvm Rj cøvweZ _vK‡Zv wb¤œe½| †mKv‡j b`x‡K
AvkÖq K‡iB M‡o I‡V evOvwj ms¯‥…wZ| hvZvqv‡Zi Rb¨ e¨eüZ n‡Zv bvbvb bv‡gi
†b․Kv Ñ wWOx, †Kvlv, cvbwm, gq~ic•Lx, nvRvigYx K‡ZvKx| gnvRbx †b․Kv f‡i
Drcbœ `ªe¨ wb‡q c„w_exi wewfbœ †`‡ki e›`‡i e›`‡i e¨emv‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ cvwi w`Z
G‡`‡ki ewYK| †`k-we‡`‡ki iKgvix cY¨ wb‡q QÕgvm, eQi ci N‡i wdi‡Zv
evOvwj mI`vMi| e›`‡i e›`‡i, Nv‡U Nv‡U M‡o IVv Rxe‡bi K‡Zv Mvb, Mí,
DcvL¨vb ga¨hy‡Mi mvwn‡Z¨i BwZnv‡m, †jLK‡`i iPbvq cywÄf~Z i‡q‡Q †m me|
gbmvg½j, PÐxg½j, mqdzjgyjyK ew`D¾vgvj, gqgbwmsn MxwZKvi wewfbœ cvjvq
b`xi DRvb-fvwUi m‡½ Rxe‡bi DRvb-fvwUi AvL¨vb-DcvL¨vb I msMxZ‡K Ry‡o
w`‡q‡Qb †mKv‡ji cÖwZfvevb Kwe| AvaywbK Kv‡j Dcb¨v‡mi bvg Ôb`x I bvixÕ
ÔcÙvb`xi gvwS, ÔcÙvi cwjØxcÕ wZZvm GKwU b`xi bvg, ÔwZ¯Ívcv‡ii e„ËvšÍÕ BZ¨vw`
AviI K‡Zv bvg|

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AvniYRxex, wkKviRxex, cïcvjK hvhvei gvbyl Rxe‡bi mvwe©K wbivcËvi cÖ‡qvR‡b
¯
vqx evm¯
vb wbgv©Y K‡i‡Q| D™¢veb K‡i‡Q Drcv`‡bi nvj-nvwZqvi| gw¯Í‡®‥i
µge„w×i d‡j gvbyl cÖ‡K․kj I cÖhyw³i Dbœqb NwU‡q Rxeb‡K Abvqvm mva¨ K‡i‡Q
Ñ K‡i‡Q wbivc` I ¯^v”Q›`¨gq| Ávb-weÁv‡bi wewPÎ wel‡qi Av‡MB msMxZ-b„Z¨-
wkí-mvwnZ¨ m„wói †K․kj Avwe®‥vi K‡i‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨K gvbe‡Mvôx cÖK…wZ‡K wb‡Ri
Avq‡Z¡ wb‡Z Avw`gve¯
v †_‡KB wQj m‡Pó| †mKv‡R cÖK…wZi cÖ‡Z¨KwU kw³‡K
†hgb, gvwU, Rj, Av¸b, evqy, Rxeb, g„Zz, Av‡jv, AÜKvi, So-e„wó-eRª-we`y¨r ,
m~h©,P›`ª BZ¨vw`i cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Avjvv`v Aw¯ÍZ¡‡K wPwýZ K‡i‡Q| Zv‡`i •ewk‡ó¨i Ges
gvbe Rxe‡b Zv‡`i ¸iæ‡Z¡i cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z Hme kw³ mš‧ó Kievi Dcvq D™¢veb
4

K‡i‡Q| †mB mš‧wó weav‡bi ixwZc×wZB GK GKwU kw³i D‡Ï‡k¨ gvby‡li K…Z¨
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(ritual) ev KiYxq| ax‡i ax‡i mf¨ gvbyl wbw`©ó wKQz wewaweav‡bi AvkÖ‡q GK GKwU
a‡g©i iƒc m„wó K‡i‡Q| a‡g©i †`eZv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ wb‡ew`Z K…‡Z¨i ga¨ w`‡q Rb¥ jvf
K‡i‡Q mvgvwRK Drme| cvwievwiK Drme-cve©Y¸‡jv ag©xq Ges FZzwfwËK| •PÎ
msµvwšÍ‡Z ÔMvRbÕ; ÔAvlvp gv‡mi ïév wØZxqv wZw_‡Z Ôi_hvÎvÕ; Avwk¦‡b `y‡Mv©rme;
AMÖnvq‡Y ÔbevbœÕ; †c․‡l Ô†c․lmsµvwšÍÕ ev ÔcylyivÕ; em‡šÍ ÔemšÍ-DrmeÕ ev
Ô†`vjhvÎvÕ ev Ô †nvwjÕ BZ¨vw`| cÖvK…wZK wewfbœ kw³i mš‧wó weav‡bi ga¨ w`‡qB
cÖvPxb gvbyl Rb¥ w`‡q‡Q Ôeû‡`eZ¡ev`Õ ev Ô†c‡š
BRgÕ bvgK GKwU gZev‡`i| wek¦
RMr m¤^‡Ü gvbe fvebv eyw×gËvi weKv‡ki mgvšÍiv‡j weKwkZ n‡”Q| ZvB
eû‡`eZvi wPšÍv wLª÷xq we‡k¦ G‡Kk¦i I Zvi cyÎ hxïi g‡a¨ mxgve× n‡jv Ñ
ga¨hy‡M| Gi cÖvq QqkÕ eQi ci 610 wLª÷v‡ã wek¦ gvbe GK bZzb `k©‡bi mvÿvr
†c‡jvÑ ÔAvjøvn ev ¯ªóv GK I AwØZxqÕ ÑA_v©r ÔGKZ¡ev`Õ| ZZw`‡b wek¦gvb‡ei
AcÖwZnZ AwfhvÎvq c„w_exi †`‡k †`‡k gvby‡li †e․w×K weKv‡ki mv‡_ mv‡_ weÁvb
wPšÍvi D™¢e Ges cÖf~Z DbœwZi d‡j hš¿mf¨Zvi D‡b¥l N‡U| wkíwecøe mdj nevi
m‡½ m‡½ hvwš¿K c×wZ‡Z Drcv`b ïiæ n‡jv| wek¦gq evRvi m„wó, KvuPvgvj msMÖ‡ni
ga¨ w`‡q Jcwb‡ewkK hy‡Mi m~Pbv| Aóv`k kZ‡Ki divwm Ávbv‡jv‡Ki cÖfv‡e
AvaywbK hyM BD‡iv‡c weKwkZ n‡jv Ñ KjKviLvbvq Drcbœ c‡Y¨i mv‡_ evRviRvZ
n‡jv BD‡ivcxq AvaywbKZv| Bs‡iR Jcwb‡ewkK AvwacZ¨ cÖwZôvi m‡½ m‡½
BD‡ivcxq AvaywbKZv, evsjv‡`‡k we¯Ívi jvf K‡i| †mwU evsjvi I evOvwji
AvaywbKZv bqÑ BD‡ivcxq gvmbccÖm~Z AvaywbKZv| weÁvb-`k©b-ivóª`k©b-A_©bxwZ-
wkÿv-AvBb I wePvi wefvMxq AvaywbKZv; wPšÍv-•PZ‡b¨-iæwP Ges mvs¯‥…wZK‡ev‡ai
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wbqš¿Y K‡i‡Q| mf¨Zvi eZ©gvb hyM DËi-AvaywbK hyM| G-Kv‡ji Avi me wKQzi
g‡ZvB mvwnZ¨ fvebvI bZzb| Avgv‡`i cv‡V ZvB DËi-AvaywbK `„wó‡KvY e¨envi
nIqvB m½Z|

cvVµg cUf~wg:

cwic~Y© cÖK…wZi GK AmvaviY iƒc‣ewP‡Îi g‡a¨ AvR Avgiv M„n‡Kv‡Y Ave×| bZzb
GK ev¯ÍeZvi †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z wM‡q wek¦mf¨Zv AvR _g‡K `vuwo‡q‡Q| GKwU
AYyRx‡ei Øviv AvµvšÍ n‡q cÖvq DbPwjøk jÿ gvby‡li AbvKvw•ÿZ g„Zz¨ c„w_ex e¨vcx
N‡i N‡i m„wó K‡i‡Q nvnvKvi| M„ne›`x gvbyl wecbœ Ae¯
vq hveZxq KvRKg© m¤úv`b
Ki‡Q weKjvc c×wZ‡Z| Ges Zv Ki‡Q, cÖK…wZi ms¯úk© †_‡K `~‡i e‡m h‡š¿i
AZ¨šÍ Nwbó mvwbœ‡a¨ †_‡K ZviB mn‡hvwMZvq| Rxe‡bi ¯^vfvweK a‡g©i wecix‡Z
Avgv‡`i MwZ|

evRvi A_©bxwZi hy‡M Rxe‡bi hveZxq wel‡qi g~j¨ wbav©wiZ nq evRv‡ii Pvwn`v
5

†gvZv‡eK| †mÕKvi‡YB AvR‡Ki we‡k¦i me‡_‡K Kg `vgx ev Kg A_©Kwi welq

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mvwnZ¨Ñ †Kbbv, KweZv ev Mí †kvbv‡j wewbg‡q †KD Avgv‡`i cÖ‡qvRbxq cY¨ †`q
bv| evRvi A_©bxwZi hy‡M hvi evRvi g~j¨ †bB Zvi †Kv‡bv Pvwn`vI †bB| cÖwZw`‡bi
cÖ‡qvR‡bi ZvwjKv †_‡K Zv‡K gvbyl AKvZ‡i ev` †`q| Zey wKQz gvbyl mvwnZ¨
fv‡jvev‡m| †Kbbv, mvwn‡Z¨ gvbweK Aw¯Í‡Z¡i wfbœgvwÎK Dc¯
vcbv jÿ Kwi Avgiv|
wek¦ evRv‡ii hveZxq e¯‧ m¤^‡ÜB mvwnZ¨ Aíwe¯Íi K_v e‡j; wfbœZi e¨vL¨v `vb
K‡i| ZvB mvwnZ¨ G-hy‡MI A‡K‡Rv ev A_©nxb kÖgwejvm bq| ZvB wek¦ we`¨vj‡qi
cvVµfz³ Ab¨ me †Kv‡m©i g‡Zv Ôevsjv mvwnZ¨Õ †Kvm©wUI mywbw`©ó GKwU D‡Ïk¨ I
j‡ÿ¨i Dci cwiKwíZ| A_v©r we`¨v_©x‡`i †PZbvq Áv‡bi D‡b¥l NUv‡bvB GB
†Kv‡m©iI D‡Ïk¨| †mB D‡Ïk¨ wKQy K‡g©i ga¨ w`‡q ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡q _v‡K|
D‡Ïk¨¸‡jv Gfv‡e web¨¯Í n‡Z cv‡iÑ

K. mvwn‡Z¨i mviK_v ev imv¯^v`b ev Avb›` Dc‡fv‡Mi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v Kiv;

L. mvwnZ¨ cv‡Vi ga¨ w`‡q mvwnZ¨ iPbvi †K․kj; welqe¯‧wbev©Pb c×wZ; fvlvÁvb:
fvlvi Dci `Lj AR©b, cÖ‡qvM †K․kj AvZ¥¯
KiY;

M.Mfxi Rxeb‡eva, wek¦vZ¥‡eva A_v©r we‡k¦i AvZ¥vi mv‡_ e¨w³i Aw¯Í‡Z¡i m¤^Ü
Avwe®‥vi cÖ‡Póv; I gvbeZv‡ev‡ai Drm m¤^‡Ü aviYv cÖ`vb Ges

N.fvlvfvlx gvby‡li b„ZvwË¡K-RvwZZvwË¡K-mgvRZvwË¡K, mvs¯‥…wZK-A_©‣bwZK-

ivR‣bwZK BwZnvm AbymÜv‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv m¤^‡Ü aviYv cÖ`vb Ges Mfxi
AvZ¥Áv‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v Kiv BZ¨vw` A_v©r DrK„ó gvbweK g~j¨‡eva RvMÖZ
Kiv BZ¨vw`|

mvwn‡Z¨i †cÖÿvcU:

mvwnZ¨ eivei RvwZi gvZ…fvlvq iwPZ we‡kl Awfe¨w³| cÖ‡Z¨K fvlvfvlxi

gvZ…fvlvq iwPZ mvwn‡Z¨i g‡Zv evsjv mvwnZ¨ evOvwji mvgvwRK Rxeb I ms¯‥…wZi
wfwˇZ iwPZ| Rxeb I ms¯‥…wZ welqK Dcjwäi evB‡i mvwn‡Z¨i welq †bB| mvwnZ¨
we‡kl mvgvwRK Ae¯
vq e¨w³ gvby‡li ev †Kv‡bv gvbe‡Mvôxi ev †Kv‡bv AÂj
we‡k‡li gvby‡li mvgwMÖK Rxeb msMÖv‡giB BwZe„Ë, Mí, BwZnvm| cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³‡K
GKwU mywbw©ó mgvR c×wZi Aax‡b cÖPwjZ ixwZ-bxwZ, cÖ_v-ms¯‥vi, wewaweavb †g‡b
Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Z nq| e¨w³i ¯^vaxb B”Qv, ¯^cœ-AvKv•ÿv, cÖZ¨vkv I cÖvwß AwaKvsk
†ÿ‡ÎB mgv‡Ri †mB cÖPwjZ wbqgc×wZ‡Z nq evavMÖ¯Í| d‡j e¨w³i m‡½ mvgvwRK
wbqg I ixwZc×wZi Ø›Ø wPivqZ| e¨w³i m‡½ e¨w³i Ø›Ø; e¨w³i m‡½ mgv‡Ri Ø›Ø;
we‡k‡l Ae¯
vq e¨w³i evwn¨K ev mgvwRK Aw¯Í‡Z¡i mv‡_ Zvi gvbwmK Aw¯Í‡Z¡i Ø›Ø
6

mvwn‡Z¨i Drm| †h-†Kv‡bv fvlvi, †h-†Kv‡bv hy‡Mi mvwn‡Z¨-wk‡í †mB Ø›ØwUB cÖavb
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DcRxe¨| ZvB cÖ‡Z¨K hy‡Mi mvwnZ¨B †mB we‡kl hyMwUi cÖK…Z I wek¦¯Í Dc¯
vcbv
wfbœ Avi wKQz bq| hyMMZ Pvwn`v I iæwPi Av‡jv‡K wkícÖwZfvi †K․kj I
Dc¯
vcbvi Rv`y‡Z mvwn‡Z¨i cÖwZwU m„Rb bZzb I Avjv`v|

AZGe, mvwnZ¨ ev wkí gvby‡li AvZ¥vi Avb‡›`i ewntcÖKvk GK_v ejv n‡jI Zv
cÖK…Z c‡ÿ cÖ_v I cÖMwZi ؇›Øi dmj| whwb m„wó K‡ib Zvui Avb›` wZwb Zvui
mg‡qi mgv‡Ri cÖK…Z ev m¤¢ve¨ ev¯ÍeZv‡K, gvbyl I Zvi mgm¨vewj‡K KZUv
wek¦¯ÍZvi mv‡_, KZUv wbLyuZfv‡e wPwÎZ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb †mUv Dcjwäi Avb›`| whwb
cvVK Zvui Avb›` Ñ wZwb wb‡Ri cvwicvwk¦©K, mvgvwRK Ae¯
v I e¨w³MZ mgm¨vi
m‡½ msMwZc~Y© wewPÎ me mgm¨vi c‡¼ wbgw¾Z e¨w³i RxebmsMÖv‡gi ¯^iƒcwU
cÖZ¨ÿ K‡i, wb‡Ri g‡a¨ mvnm, kw³, Drmvn jvf K‡i‡Qb Zvi Avb›`|

Gfv‡e, GKRb m„wó K‡i Avb›` jvf K‡ib, AciRb AvZ¥vwe®‥v‡ii Avb‡›` AwffzZ
nb| mvwnZ¨ mgv‡Ri cÖ_v I cÖMwZi ga¨Kvi ؛؇K Gfv‡e welq wn‡m‡e wbev©Pb K‡i
Zv‡K wbR¯^ fve-fvebv, Dcjwä-AwfcÖv‡qi m‡½ Av‡eM mgwš^Z K‡i fvlvi
KviæKv‡R Zv‡K GK Awfbeiƒc w`‡q mgvR‡KB Dcnvi †`b| mvwnZ¨-wkí
cÖK…Zc‡ÿ mgv‡Ri m¤ú` I m¤úwË| mvwn‡Z¨i AšÍM©Z †mB cwiPqwUi m‡½
wkÿv_©x‡`i cwiwPZ Kiv‡bv G-†Kv‡m©i Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨| cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³iB i‡q‡Q
wbR¯^ m„Rb ÿgZv ev m„wó Kievi ÿgZv| we`¨v_©x‡`i †PZbvqI Zv we`¨gvb| Zv‡`i
m„Rb ÿgZv‡K RvMÖZ Kiv, bZzb wKQz m„wói Rb¨ AbycÖvwYZ Kiv cÖwZôv‡bi `vwqZ¡|
we`¨v_©x‡`i †PZbvq m„wói ZvwM` Dm‡K †`qv Av‡jvP¨ †Kv‡m©i Abykxjb As‡ki
KvR|

mvwnZ¨ m„wói Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖ¯‧wZ:

g‡b ivLv Riæwi †h, fvlvB mvwnZ¨ bqÑ mvwnZ¨ m„wói gva¨g n‡jv fvlv| ¯^Y©Kvi
†mvbv‡K Mwj‡q wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvR‡bi wfwˇZ bKkv Abyhvqx Mnbvi iƒc `vb K‡i| GKB
iKgfv‡e mvwnwZ¨K cÖPwjZ fvlv‡K Zvui cÖ‡qvR‡b welqe¯‧ I AwfcÖv‡qi mv‡_
gvbvbmB GKwU iƒc `vb K‡ib| GK iPbvi fvlv Ab¨ GK iPbvi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©
bvI n‡Z cv‡i| Avevi KweZvi fvlv, M‡íi fvlv, bvU‡Ki fvlv AšÍM©Z ¯^fv‡e wfbœ
n‡q _v‡K| fvlvi Dci `Lj AR©b, mvwnZ¨ iPwqZvi Rb¨ GKvšÍ KiYxq| mvwnZ¨
cv‡Vi ga¨ w`‡q fvlvi †m `Lj AR©b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| c„w_exi weL¨vZ me
mvwnwZ¨‡Ki iPbv cvV Ki‡j Zvu‡`i wPšÍvi, RMr m¤úwK©Z Dcjwä, fwel¨r fvebvi
mv‡_ Zvu‡`i fvlviƒc m¤^‡ÜI cÖZ¨ÿ AwfÁZv AR©b Kiv hvq| AZtci wjL‡Z
wjL‡Z A_v©r weiwZnxb ev Aweij PPv©i ga¨ w`‡q †jLK ev mvwnwZ¨‡Ki wb‡Ri
fvlvwU Zvui `L‡j P‡j Avm‡e| †gvU K_v, †Kv‡bv e¨w³i wbR¯^ fvlv e¨envi wewa
Rb¥MZ bq, wbqwgZ PPv©i ga¨ w`‡q AwR©Z welq| KviY fvlv mvgvwRKfv‡e DrcbœÑ
7

¯^fveRvZ bq|
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evsjv fvlv, evsjv mvwnZ¨ I RvwZ m¤^‡Ü:

evOvwji †M․ie I AnsKv‡ii welq fvlv| G-RvwZ gvZ…fvlvi Rb¨ msMÖvg

K‡i gvZ…fvlv‡K Zvi †M․ieRbK Avm‡b cÖwZwôZ K‡i‡Q| `xN© bq gv‡mi i³ÿqx
hy‡× wÎk jÿ knx‡`i i³ I `yB jÿ exiv½Yv gv-†ev‡bi B¾‡Zi wewbg‡q wek¦
gvbwP‡Î GKwU ¯^vaxb mve©‡f․g ivóª Ges GKwU HwZn¨evnx ms¯‥…wZi Aw¯ÍZ¡ cÖwZwôZ
K‡i‡Q| cÖ‡Z¨KwU evOvwj‡K †m Kvi‡YB wbR¯^ RvwZMZ cwiPq, Zvi fvlvi, Ges
HwZn¨evnx ms¯‥…wZi weeZ©b †iLv-wPÎwU h_v_©fv‡e Rvbv cÖ‡qvRb| eû RvwZi i‡³i
wgkÖ‡Y c„w_exi Ab¨ me Rbc‡`i gvby‡li g‡ZvB evOvwj RvwZmËviI D™¢e N‡U‡Q
evsjv‡`‡k| eû ag©`k©b Ges Zvi K…Z¨-AvPvi-†jvKvPvi, Drme, cÖ_v, wek¦vm-ms¯‥vi,
cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK wewa-weavb evOvwj ms¯‥…wZ‡K cwicyó K‡i‡Q| BwZnv‡mi evu‡K
evu‡K mg‡qi cÖ‡qvR‡b Ab¨RvwZi g‡Zv evOvwj‡KI Rxeb I hvc‡bi cÖ‡qvR‡b
A_©‣bwZK Drcv`b e¨e¯
vi cwieZ©b NUv‡Z n‡q‡Q| A‡bK¸‡jv kvmK‡Mvôx ci ci
G‡`k kvmb K‡i‡Q `xN© wZb nvRvi eQi| Zv‡`i †Kv‡bvwU fviZelx©q AevOvwj
ivResk, †Kv‡bvwU ¯
vbxq evOvwj ivResk; AwaKvskB Avevi we‡`kx, wfbœfvlx, wfbœ
ms¯‥…wZi gvbyl| GB we‡`kx, wefvlx kvmK‡`i ivRZ¡Kvj kZ kZ eQi ¯
vqx nIqvq
Ñ Zv‡`i ms¯‥…wZ G‡`‡ki gvbyl eva¨ n‡qB MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Zv KLbI N‡U‡Q
kvmKe‡M©i Pvwn`vq, Zv‡`i cÖZ¨ÿ n¯Í‡ÿ‡c, AvBbRvwi K‡i Ges •`bw›`b mvgvwRK
wewbgq, †Kbv-†ePv, AvbyôvwbKZvi ga¨ w`‡q, KLbI N‡U‡Q •eevwnKm~‡Î| ewnivMZ
RvwZi agv©šÍiKiY cÖwµqvq, weevn I ¯
vqxfv‡e emev‡mi ga¨ w`‡q N‡U‡Q me‡P‡q
†ewk| GB mvs¯‥…wZK wgkÖYcÖwµqv/wg_w®…qv c„w_exi Ab¨ †`‡ki g‡Zv G-†`‡kI
Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q| gvby‡li Rxeb I ms¯‥…wZi weKv‡ki avivq Zvi Rxeb msMÖv‡gi, ¯^cœ-
AvKv•ÿv, RvMwZK I Ava¨vwZ¥K †cÖg, Ac~Y©Zv, mdjZvi wewPÎ me AwfÁZv,
Abyfe, wek¦cÖK…wZ, cÖK…wZi Ab¨ me cÖvYx I gvby‡li m¤úK©, FZz cwieZ©‡bi avivq
†h-mKj cwieZ©b gvby‡li Dcjwäi RMr e`‡j †`q mvwnZ¨ Zvi wfwˇZB gvb‡ei
Awfbe m„wó wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i| gvbyl, Rxeb I RMrcÖK…wZi evB‡i wk‡í-
mvwn‡Z¨ Avi †h-e¯‧ cÖavb we‡eP¨ †m n‡jv gvbem„ó mgvR I gvbegb| Òevsjv
mvwnZ¨Õ GB †Kvm© cv‡Vi A_© †Kej GKwU KweZv, GKwU Mí ev Dcb¨vm cvV, bvUK
cvV KivB bq| Dcwi-Kw_Z hveZxq welq m¤^‡Ü AvZ¥Ávb‡K kvwYZ Kiv| Ges AwZ
ev¯ÍemZ¨ n‡jv mvwn‡Z¨i eB¸‡jv Ab¨vb¨ e¨envwiK mvgMÖxi g‡Zv evRv‡i weµq
†hvM¨ mvgMÖx| †h-†KD cQ›` g‡Zv µq K‡i evmvq, evwo‡Z †hgb hLb Lywk co‡Z
cv‡ib| Zv n‡j wek¦we`¨vjq ch©v‡q cvV¨welq wn‡m‡e covi m‡½ H †m․wLb covi
wbðqB GKwU cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| Av‡Q mywbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨I| †m wel‡q m‡PZb bv n‡q
8

mvwn‡Z¨i †Kvm© cvV¨welq wn‡m‡e wbev©Pb Kiv †Kv‡bvfv‡eB DwPZ bq|

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mvwnZ¨ cvV gvbyl‡K Avb›` †`q GB †gvUv K_vwU †Kej †m․wLb mvaviY cvV‡Ki Rb¨
mZ¨| †m․wLb mvwnZ¨‡cÖgxi g‡a¨ wKQz imÁ cvVKI i‡q‡Qb Ñ hvuiv mvwn‡Z¨i
DcwiZ‡ji Lei wb‡qB Avbw›`Z bb| Zvuiv Mfxi g‡bv‡hv‡‡Mi m‡½ mvwn‡Z¨i nvo-
nvwÇ, Aw¯
mwÜ I g¾vi Lei wb‡Z †Póv K‡ib| mvwn‡Z¨i wfZ‡i Rxe‡bi fqsKi
K‡ói I †mB Rxe‡bi `ywe©ln hš¿Yvi AvuP jv‡M GB cvV‡Ki AšÍ‡i wKš‧ wZwb Zvi
g‡a¨I Avb‡›`i mÜvb cvb| KviY wZwb †`L‡Z Pvb †Kej cÖwZeÜKZv, `ytLKó,
e¨_©ZvB Rxeb bqÑGB me Rq K‡i mvwn‡Z¨i Pwiθ‡jv wK K‡i †c․u‡Q hvq Zvi
Kvw•ÿZ j‡ÿ¨ †mUv| AvcvZ Rq bq, civRq ev e¨_©Zvi g‡a¨I Rxe‡bi gnriƒ‡ci
cÖKvk N‡UÑhw` Zv nq gvbevZ¥vi weRq A_v©r gbyl¨‡Z¡i Rq| mvaviY cvVK Rxe‡bi
MfxiZi mZ¨ m¤^‡Ü AeMZ bq e‡jB •`bw›`b Rxe‡bi hv wKQz †Lvjv‡Pv‡L †`Lv hvq
Gi evB‡i Rxeb‡K †`L‡Z cvb bv| †`L‡Z wkLvq wb †KD Zvu‡`i| G-Kvi‡Y †h-
mvwnZ¨ Mfxi `vk©wbK mZ¨, mvgvwRK Rxe‡bi RwUj AveZ© mgwš^Z Zv KwVb ev
RwUj e‡j mvaviY †m․wLb cvVK AwaKvsk mgqB c‡ob bv| ZvB †KD hw` Zv‡K
e‡j Ñ ÔMZiv‡Z c~wY©gv wQj| mviv ivZ Pvu‡`i Kv‡Q †Zvgvi K_v e‡jwQ|Õ †kÖvZv hw`
†eiwmK nb Dˇi ej‡eb ÑÔ cvMjÕ| wKš‧ GB msev`wU mg¯Í ivZ †R‡M †Kv‡bv
gvby‡li Aci KviI Rb¨ A‡cÿvi, fvebvi, Abyf‡ei Ges wb‡R‡K e¨³ Kievi
KówU‡KB Avgv‡`i m¤§y‡L Zz‡j a‡i| Gi KwVb wb‡iU Avei‡Yi wfZi i‡q‡Q
Abyf‡ei GK gaygq mZ¨|

mvwnZ¨ hLb cvV¨ welq ZLb cv‡Vi gva¨‡g imMÖnY ev Avb›` jvf Kiv
e¨ZxZ mvwnZ¨ cv‡Vi c×wZ ev wbqgKvby, cv‡Vi D‡Ïk¨, iPbvi wbqg-Kvbyb,
AbymÜv‡bi welq, e¨vL¨vwe‡køl‡Yi aib BZ¨vw` bvbvb welq m¤^‡Ü cwi®‥vi aviYv
jvf Kiv hvq| GKB mv‡_, Rxeb Kxfv‡e K‡Zvfv‡e mvwn‡Z¨ cÖKvk cvq, †h-Rxeb
Avgiv hvcb Kwi Ges †`wL Pvi cv‡k Zvi wfZiI †h, Rxe‡bi K‡Zv A‡`Lviƒc
Av‡Q Zv mvwn‡Z¨i ga¨ w`‡q iPwqZvÑ Kwe, MíKvi, Jcb¨vwmK, bvU¨KviMY
Dc¯
vcb K‡i‡Qb Zv †Kvm© ZË¡veavq‡Ki mnvqZvq Rvbv hvq| Rvbv hvq, Mfxi
g‡bv‡hvMmn AšÍ‡ii †Pv‡L welq‡K †`Lv, wePvi Kiv; my›`i, Amy›`i, mewKQz‡K
mg¸iæ‡Z¡ Dcjwäi Dc‡hvMx mnvbyf~wZkxj gb •Zwi Kiv; welqe¯‧ e¨vL¨vi ÿgZv
AR©b Kiv; PwiÎ we‡kølY Kievi ÿgZv AR©b Kiv; DrK…ó fvlv Ávb; m„Rbkxj
Kíbv M‡o †Zvjvi Rb¨ †K․Z~njx †PZbv I `„wói AwaKvix nIqv; welq wK? mvwn‡Z¨i
Dc¯
vwcZ PwiÎ I mgv‡Ri PwiÎ; mvwnZ¨ m„wói †K․kj I c×wZ m¤^‡Ü mg¨K
ÁvbvR©b|
Gme Rvbvi ci, Ñhw` Avgiv †kvwb, †KD ej‡Q ÑÔ†jvKwU‡K †`‡L g‡b n‡jv ÿzavZ©
9

GK nv‡qbvÕ; Z‡e Avgv‡`i eyS‡Z Kó n‡e bv †h- Zvi g‡a¨ nv‡qbvi ¯^fve i‡q‡Q|
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Ges †mUv ÿzavZ© nv‡qbvi| wKš‧ hw` Avwg Ônv‡qbvÕ m¤^‡ÜB bv Rvwb Z‡e K_vwUi A_©
Avwg wKQzB eyS‡Z bv †c‡i eje Ôeo KwVb ev `y‡ev©a¨, wK e‡j wKQzB eywS bv|Õ eyS‡Z
bv cviv Ges eyS‡Z bv PvIqv GK K_v bq; G-`y‡qi g‡a¨I cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| eyS‡Z bv
cvi‡j †h-Kvi‡Y eySv hv‡”Q bv, †mUv GK mgm¨v| h_vmva¨ †Póvq Zv awi‡q †`qv ev
eywS‡q †`qv m¤¢e| wb‡R wb‡R †Póv K‡iI eySv hvq wKš‧ †h-eyS‡Z Pvq bv, g‡b K‡i
G-me w`‡q wK n‡e Zv‡K †Zv wKQzB †evSv‡bv ev †kLv‡bv m¤¢e bq| whwb eyS‡Z
Pvb,Ñ Avgiv GB †Kv‡m© Zvu‡`i wb‡qB KvR Ki‡Z AvMÖnx| whwb ¯^qs eyS‡Z ivwR bb,
†Kv‡bv cÖ¯‧wZI Zvi †bB Zvu‡K webxZfv‡e Aby‡iva Zvui KvR I mgq bó Kiv
A_©nxb| cov‡jLvi A_© †Zv wKQz †kLv ev AR©b Zv n‡j †Kej wek¦we`¨vj‡q
AvmvhvIqvi A_© †bB| AvkvKwi,†Kv‡m©i A‡a©KUv D‡Ïk¨ Ges Avgv‡`i D‡Ïk¨
wel‡q KZKUv aviYv †`qv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| †gvUK_v, mvwnZ¨ cvV¨ KÕ‡i, Avgiv †h-me
D‡Ïk¨ ev¯Íevqb Ki‡Z B”QzK †m¸‡jv‡K wb¤œiƒcfv‡e mvRv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡iÑ K.
mvwnZ¨ m¤^‡Ü wkÿv_x©‡`i cwi®‥vi aviYv `vb; L. mvwnZ¨ iPbvq Drmvn `vb; M.
cv‡Vi c×wZ I iPbvc×wZ m¤^‡Ü aviYv `vb;N. mvwnZ¨ e¨vL¨v we‡køl‡Yi c×wZ
m¤^‡Ü aviYv †`Iqv;O.Rxe‡bi mv‡_, †`k-RvwZ-mgv‡Ri mv‡_ mvwn‡Z¨i m¤^Ü
m¤ú‡K© Ávb jv‡f mnvqZv Kiv| BZ¨vw`|
*** K¬vk †jKPviwU AvMv‡Mvov c‡o Kx Kx cÖkœ Kiv hvq Ñ wj‡L cvVvI|

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