DRUG STUDY

Prescribed
Generic Name, Dosage,
Mechanism of
Brand Name, Frequency, Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing Responsibilities
Action
Classification and Route of
Administration
- Assess for anginal pain,
Generic Name: Dosage: Inhibits calcium Management Cardiogenic CNS: headache, including location,
nifedipine (nye 10– 30 mg transport into of: shock; advanced abnormal dreams, intensity, duration, and
FED i peen) myocardial and Hypertension(e aortic stenosis; anxiety, confusion, alleviating and
vascular smooth xtended- acute angina; dizziness, drowsiness, aggravating factors.
Brand Names: Frequency: muscle cells, release only), porphyria; within jitteriness, nervousness,
Adalat CC, 3 times daily resulting in Angina a month of psychiatric disturbances, - Assess cardiac status
Afeditab CR, inhibition of pectoris, myocardial weakness. with BP, pulse,
Nifediac CC, excitation- Vasospastic infarction. respiration and ECG.
Nifedical XL, Route: contraction (Prinzmetal’s) EENT: blurred vision,
Procardia, Oral route coupling and angina. disturbed equilibrium, - Monitor potassium and
Procardia XL, subsequent Unlabeled Use: epistaxis, tinnitus. liver function tests
Adalat contraction. Prevention of Resp: cough, dyspnea, throughout treatment
migraine shortness of breath. with nifedipine.
Classification headache.
Therapeutic: Management CV: ARRHYTHMIAS,
antianginals, of HF or HF, peripheral edema,
antihypertensives cardiomyopath bradycardia, chest pain,
y. hypotension,
Pharmacologic: palpitations, syncope,
calcium channel tachycardia.

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blockers
Pregnancy GI: liver enzymes,
Category C anorexia, constipation,
diarrhea, dry mouth,
dysgeusia, dyspepsia, GI
obstruction, nausea,
ulcer, vomiting.

GU: dysuria, nocturia,

polyuria, sexual
dysfunction, urinary
frequency.

Dermatologic: flushing,
dermatitis, erythema
multiforme, sweating,
photosensitivity,
pruritus/urticaria, rash.

Endocrine:
gynecomastia,
hyperglycemia.

Hematologic: anemia,
leukopenia,
thrombocytopenia.

Metabolic: weight gain.

MS: joint stiffness,

muscle cramps. Neuro:

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 paresthesia, tremor.

Misc: STEVENS-
JOHNSON
SYNDROME, gingival
hyperplasia.

Prescribed
Generic Name, Dosage,
Mechanism of
Brand Name, Frequency, Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing Responsibilities
Action
Classification and Route of
Administration

Generic name: PO (Adults Results in the Management Contraindicated CNS: nervousness, -Bronchodilator: Assess
terbutaline (ter- and Children accumulation of of reversible in: restlessness, tremor, lung sounds, respiratory
byoo-ta-leen) >15 yr): cyclic airway disease Hypersensitivity headache, insomnia. pattern, pulse, and BP
Bronchodilation adenosine due to asthma to adrenergic Resp: pulmonary edema. before administration and
Brand name: —2.5– 5 mg 3 monophosphate or COPD; amines. during peak of
Bricanyl times daily, (cAMP) at beta- inhalation and CV: angina, medication. Note amount,
given q 6 hr adrenergic sub-cut used Use Cautiously arrhythmias, color, and character of
Classification (not to exceed receptors. for short-term in: Cardiac hypertension, sputum produced, and
Therapeutic: 15 mg/24 hr). Produces control and disease; myocardial ischemia, notify health care
bronchodilators bronchodilation. oral agent as Hypertension; tachycardia professional of abnormal
PO (Children Inhibits the long-term Hyperthyroidism; findings.
Pharmacologic: 12– 15 yr): release of control. Diabetes; GI: nausea, vomiting.
adrenergics Bronchodilation mediators of Glaucoma; Endo: hyperglycemia. F -Assess maternal
— 2.5 mg 3 immediate Unlabeled and E: hypokalemia. respiratory status for
Pregnancy times hypersensitivity Use: Geriatric: symptoms of pulmonary

45
Category B daily(given q 6 reactions from Management More susceptible edema (increased rate,
hr) mast cells. of preterm to adverse dyspnea, rales/crackles,
(not to exceed Relatively labor reactions; may frothy sputum).
7.5 mg/24 hr). selective for (tocolytic) (the require dosep;
beta2(pulmonar FDA has Excessive use -Monitor mother and
PO(Children y)-adrenergic recommended may lead to neonate for symptoms of
<12 yr): receptor sites, that injectable tolerance and hypoglycemia (anxiety;
Bronchodilation with less effect terbutaline paradoxical chills; cold sweats;
—0.05 mg/kg 3 on should not be bronchospasm confusion; cool, pale
times daily; beta1(cardiac) used in (inhaler); skin; difficulty in
may gradually adrenergic pregnancy for concentration;
(not to exceed receptors. the prevention OB, Lactation: drowsiness; excessive
0.15 mg/kg 3– 4 or prolonged Pregnancy (near hunger; headache;
times daily or 5 treatment term) and irritability; nausea;
mg/24 hr. [<48– 72 hr] of lactation. nervousness; rapid pulse;
preterm labor shakiness; unusual
Subcutaneous in either the tiredness; or weakness)
(Adults and inpatient or and mother for
Children -12 outpatient hypokalemia (weakness,
yr): settings fatigue, U wave on ECG,
Bronchodilation because of the arrhythmias).
—250 mcg; potential for
may repeat in serious -Monitor maternal serum
15– 30 min (not maternal heart glucose and electrolytes.
to exceed 500 problems and May cause hypokalemia
mcg/4 hr). death; oral and hypoglycemia.
terbutaline Monitor neonate’s serum
Subcutaneous should not be glucose, because
(Children 12 used for the hypoglycemia may also
yr): prevention or occur in neonates.
Bronchodilation any treatment

46
 —0.005– 0.01 of preterm
mg/kg; may labor because
repeat in 15– 20 of a lack of
min. efficacy and
the potential
IV (Adults): for serious
Tocolysis— material heart
2.5– 10 problems and
mcg/min death).
infusion; q by 5
mcg/min q 10
min until
contractions
stop (not to
exceed 30
mcg/min). After
contractions
have stopped
for 30 min,
perfusion rate to
lowest effective
amount and
maintain for 4–
8 hr
(unlabeled).

Generic Name, Prescribed Mechanism of Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction Nursing

Brand Name, Dosage, Action Responsibilities

47
 Frequency, and
Classification Route of
Administration
-
Generic name: Treatment of Essential for the Treatment/pre Contraindicated CNS: drowsiness. Hypomagnesemia/Anti
magnesium Deficiency activity of many vention of in: convulsant: Monitor
sulfate (IV, (Expressed as enzymes. Plays hypomagnese Hypermagnesemi Respiratory: pulse, BP, respirations,
parenteral)(9.9% mg of an important mia. a; Hypocalcemia; respiratory rate. and ECG frequently
Mg; 8.1 Magnesium) role in Treatment of Anuria; Heart throughout
IM, IV neurotransmissi hypertension. block; CV: arrhythmias, administration of
Brand name: (Adults): Severe on and Prevention of bradycardia, parenteral magnesium
mEq Mg/g) (mag- deficiency—8– muscular seizures OB: Avoid using hypotension. sulfate. Respirations
nee-zhumsul-fate) 12 g/day in excitability. associated for more than 5– should be at least
divided doses; with severe 7 days for GI: diarrhea. 16/min before each
Classification mild deficiency Therapeutic eclampsia, preterm labor dose.
Therapeutic: —1 g q 6 hr for Effects: pre- (may risk of MS: muscle weakness.
mineral and 4 doses or 250 Replacement in eclampsia, or hypocalcemia and - Monitor neurologic
electrolyte mg/kg over 4 hr. deficiency acute bone changes in Dermatologic: flushing, status before and
replacements/sup states. nephritis. newborn); avoid sweating. throughout therapy.
plements IM, IV Resolution of Unlabeled continuous use Institute seizure pre-
(Children 1 eclampsia. Use: Preterm during active Metabolic: cautions. Patellar reflex
Pharmacologic: mo): 25– 50 labor. labor or within hypothermia. (knee jerk) should be
minerals/electroly mg/kg/dose q 4– Treatment of 2hr of delivery tested before each
tes 6 hr for 3– 4 torsade de due to potential parenteral dose of
doses, maximum pointes. for magnesium magnesium sulfate. If
Pregnancy single dose: 2 g. Adjunctive toxicity in response is absent, no
Category D treatment for newborn. additional doses should
IV (Neonates): bronchodilatio be administered until
25– 50 n in moderate Use Cautiously positive response is
mg/kg/dose q 8– to severe in: Any degree of obtained.
12 hr for 2– 3 acute asthma. renal

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 doses. insufficiency; -Monitor newborn for
hypotension,
Seizures/Hypert Geriatric: May hyporeflexia, and
ension require dosage respiratory depression
IM, IV due to age-related if mother has received
in renal function. magnesium sulfate.
(Adults): 1 g q 6
hr for 4 doses as -Monitor intake and
needed. output ratios. Urine
output should be
IM, IV maintained at a level of
(Children): 20– at least 100 mL/4 hr.
100 mg/kg/dose
q 4– 6 hr as -Lab Test
needed, may use Considerations:
up to 200 Monitor serum
mg/kg/dose in magnesium levels and
severe cases. renal function
periodically throughout
Torsade de administration of
Pointes parenteral magnesium
IV (Infants and sulfate.
Children): 25–
50 mg/kg/dose,
maximum dose:
2 g.

Bronchodilation
IV (Adults): 2 g
single dose.

49
 IV (Children):
25 mg/kg/dose,
maximum dose:
2 g.

Eclampsia/Pre-
Eclampsia
IV, IM
(Adults): 4– 5 g
by IV infusion,
concurrently
with up to 5 g
IM in each but-
tock; then 4– 5 g
IM q 4 hr or 4 g
by IV infusion
followed by 1– 2
g/hr continuous
infusion (not to
exceed 40 g/day
or 20 g/48 hr in
the presence of
severe renal
insufficiency)

Prescribed
Generic Name, Dosage,
Mechanism of Nursing
Brand Name, Frequency, and Indication Contraindication Adverse Reaction
Action Responsibilities
Classification Route of
Administration

50
Generic name: PO (Adults): In Used Contraindicated Adverse reactions/side -Indicated for many
predniSONE Most uses—5– pharmacologic systemically in: Active effects are much more conditions. Assess
(pred-ni-sone) 60 mg/day as a doses, and locally in untreated common with high- involved systems before
single dose or in suppresses a wide variety infections (may dose/long-term therapy and periodically during
Brand name: divided doses inflammation of chronic be used in therapy.
Rayos, Sterapred, (de-layed release and the normal diseases patients being CNS: depression,
Winipred tablets should be immune including: treated for euphoria, headache, - Assess patient for
administered response. Has Inflammatory, tuberculous intracranial pressure signs of adrenal
Classification once daily). numerous Allergic, meningitis); (children only), insufficiency
Therapeutic: intense Hematologic, Some products personality changes, (hypotension, weight
anti- Multiple metabolic Neoplastic, contain alcohol psychoses, restlessness. loss, weakness, nausea,
inflammatories sclerosis—200 effects (see Autoimmune and should be vomiting, anorexia,
(steroidal) mg/day for 1 wk, Adverse disorders. avoided in EENT: cataracts, lethargy, confusion,
(intermediate then 80 mg every Reactions and Suitable for patients with intraocular pressure. restlessness) before and
acting), other day for 1 Side Effects). alter- known periodically during
immunemodifiers mo. Suppresses nate-day intolerance; CV: hypertension. therapy.
adrenal dosing in the
Pregnancy Adjunctive function at management Lactation: Avoid GI: PEPTIC - Monitor intake and
Category C therapy of Pneu- chronic doses of chronic chronic use. ULCERATION, output ratios and daily
mocystis of 5 mg/day. illness. anorexia, nausea, weights. Observe patient
jirovecii Replaces Unlabeled Use Cautiously vomiting. for peripheral edema,
pneumonia in endogenous Use: in: Chronic steady weight gain,
AIDS patients— cortisol in Adjunctive treatment (leads Dermatologic: acne, rales/crackles, or
40 mg twice deficiency therapy of to adrenal wound healing, dyspnea. Notify health
daily for 5 days, states. Has hypercalcemia suppression; use ecchymoses, fragility, care professional if these
then 40 mg once minimal . Adjunctive lowest possible hirsutism, petechiae. occur.
daily for 5 days, mineralocortic management dose for shortest
then 20 mg once oid activity. of nausea and period of time); Endocrine: adrenal
daily for 10 days. vomiting from suppression,
Therapeutic chemotherapy Pediatric: hyperglycemia. F and E:
Effects: . Chronic use will fluid retention (long-

51
 Suppression of result in growth; term high doses),
inflammation use lowest hypokalemia,
and possible dose for hypokalemic alkalosis.
modification of shortest period of
the normal time; Stress Hematologic:
immune (surgery, THROMBOEMBOLIS
response. infections); M, thrombophlebitis.
supplemental
doses may be Metabolic: weight gain,
needed; Potential weight loss.
infections may
mask signs (fever, MS: muscle wasting,
inflammation); osteoporosis, avascular
necrosis of joints,
OB: Safety not muscle pain.
established.
Misc: cushingoid
appearance(moon face,
buffalo hump),
susceptibility to
infection.

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