ALGEBRA LÍNEAL

SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

ÁLGEBRA LINEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

MICHEL AYARETH JASSO ROSALES

PROFESOR: JESÚS TORRIJOS DÁVILA

INGENIERIA INDUSTRIAL

SIND-202
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

ECUACIONES LINEALES
ELIMINACIÓN GAUSS-JORDAN

1. X1 + X2 + X3 = 3
1 1 1 3
2X1 + 3X2 + X3 = 5 [ 2 3
][]
1 = 5
1 −1 −2 −5

X1 – X2 – 2X3 = 5

1 −1 −2 −5 1 −1 −2 −5

[
2 3 1 5 ][] 2 3 1 5 [
= 1 1 1 = 3 −R 1+ R 2 = 0 2 3 = 8 −2 R 1+ R 3
][ ]
1 −1 −2 −5 1 −1 −2 −5

[
= 0 2
0 5
3 = 8
5 15][ ]
1
2
R2
[
= 0 1 3/2 = 4 R 2+ R 1
0 5 5 15 ][ ]
1 0 −1/2 −1 1 0 −1/2 −1

[ ][ ] [
= 0 1 3/2 = 4 −5 R 2+ R 3 = 0 1 3 /2 = 4
0 5 5 15 0 0 −5 /2 −5
−2
5
∗R 3
][ ]
1 0 −1/2 −1 3 1 0 −1/2 −1 1

[ 0 0 1 ][ ]
0 1 3/2 = 4
2
−
2
R 3+ R 2
[
= 0 1
0 0 1 2
2 ][ ]
0 = 1 − ∗R 3+ R 1

1 0 0 0

[ ][]
0 1 0=1
0 0 1 2
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

2. X1 – 3X2 – 2X3 = 0 1 −3 −2 0

-X1 + X2 + X3 = 0
[ −1 1
2 4
1 =
6 ] [] 0
0

2X1 + 4X2 + 6X3 = 0

1 −3 −2 0 1 −3 −2 0 1 −3 −2 0

[ −1 1
2 4
1 =
6 ] [] 0 [
0 −R 1+ R 2 = 0 −2 −1 =
2 4 6 ] [] 0 −2 R1+ R 3 = 0 −2 −1 =
0 0 10 10 [ ] [] 0
0

1 −3 −2 0 1 0 −1/2 0

[
−1/2 R 2= 0 1 1 /2 =
0 10 10 ] []
0 [
0 3 R 2+ R 1 ¿ 0 1
0 10
1 /2 =
10 ] [] 0 −10 R 2+ R 3
0

1 0 −1/2 0 1 0 −1/2 0 1 0 −1/2 0

[
¿ 0 1 1/2 =
0 0 5 ] [] 0 [
0 1/5 R3 ¿ 0 1 1/2 =
0 0 1 ] [] 0
0
−1
2
R 3+ R 2=¿ 0 1
0 0
0 =
1 [ ] [] 0
0

1 0 −1/2 0 1 0 0 0

[ 0 1
0 0
0 =
1 ] [] 0
0
1
2 [ ] []
R 3+ R 1 = 0 1 0 =
0 0 1
0
0

3.
1 9 1 9 3
3 1/24 3 1/24
2 4 2 4
3 11 1/6 3 11 6 1/6
6 = 6 =
4 9 4 9 ½
½ 9
5 1 5 1
9 9
8 6 1/4 8 6 12 1/4
16 1 16 1
12 12
3 8 3 8

3 1 -1/6 R2+ R1

0 4R2
6
7/8 R2 + R3
9
0 -10/3R2 + R4
12
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

1 9 1/3 R1 1 3
3 1/24
1/24 1 1/72
2 4 6 4
6R1 – R2
3 11 1/6
1/6 1 59 -1/12
6 = 0 =
4 9 ½ -9R1 + R3 4 18
-17/2
5 1 ½ −7 −79
9 -12R1 + R4 0
8 6 1/4
1/4 8 12 1/12
16 1
12 12 10/3 -71/8 0
3 8

1 3 1 1 0 0 1 -1R4+R1
1 25/72 -155/108 R3 +R1 71/25
6 4
1 59
0
-2
0 R3+R2
-118/9 1 0 0 915/44
0 9/440R3 =
4 18 =
-17/2
0 1 0 -153/88
−7 −79 0 -11357/216 R3 + 1+R4
0 0 0 0 1 544/25
8 12 27/4 R4

0 0 -1137/216 0

1 0 0 0 -248/25

0 1 0 0 = 915/44

0 0 1 0 -153/88

0 0 0 1 27/4

4. 2 3 9 4 ½ 2 3 9 4 2 1/2
3 4 8 2 ¼ 3 4 8 2 3 1/4
4 7 5 1 = 1/16 5 11 2 6 5 = 1/32
5 11 2 6 1/32 4 7 5 1 4 1/16
6 10 12 8 1/64 6 10 12 8 3 1/64
 ½ R1 1 3/2 9/2 2 1 1/4 -3/2R2 + R1
ALGEBRA
-3R1 + R2 LÍNEAL -2R2
0 -1/2 -11/2 -4 0 -1/2
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL
-5R1+R3 0 7/2 -41/2 -4 0 = -39/32 -7/2R2 + R3

-4R1 + R4 0 1 -13 -4 0 -15/16 -1R2 + R4

-6R1 + R5 0 1 -15 -6 0 -95/64 -1R2 + R5

1 0 -12 -10 1 -5/4 12R3 + R1 1 0 0 -182/59 1 -137/472

0 1 11 8 0 1 -11R3+R2 0 1 0 98/59 0 227/1888

0 0 -59 -34 0 = -151/32 -1/59 R3 0 0 1 34/59 0 = 151/1888

0 0 46 30 0 -181/32 -46R3 + R4 0 0 0 206/59 0 -17625/1888

0 0 -26 -14 0 -159/64 26R3 + R5 0 0 0 58/59 0 -1529/3776

182R4 + R1 1 0 0 0 1 -213/25 -R5 + R1 1 0 0 0 0 -1173/100

-98/59 R4 + R2 0 1 0 0 0 91/20 0 1 0 0 0 91/20
-34/59 R4 + R3 0 0 1 0 0 = -937/1888 0 0 1 0 0 = -937/1888
59/206 R4 0 0 0 0 0 -267/100 0 0 0 1 0 -267/100
-58/59R4 + R5 0 0 0 0 0 221/100 1 + R4 0 0 0 0 1 321/100
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

ECUACIONES POR MÉTODO DE CRAMER

1.

X1 – 2X2 + 3X3 = 11
1 -2 3 11
4X1 + X2 + X3 = 4
4 1 1 = 4
2X1 – X2 + 3X3 = 10 2 -1 3 10

DETERMINANTE GENERAL
1 -2 3 11
4 1 1 = 4 = ((1 * 1 * 3) + ( 4 * -1 * 3) + (-2 * 1 *2) ) –
2 -1 3 10 ((3 * 1 * 2) + ( 1 * -1 * 1) + (-2 * 4 * 3))

= (3 – 12 – 4 ) – ( 16 – 1 – 24)

= ( -13 + 9) = 6

DETERMINANTE EN X
11 -2 3
4 1 1 = (( 11 * 1 * 3 ) + ( 4 * -1 * 3 ) + ( -2 * 1 * 10 ) –
10 -1 3 ( 3 * 1 * 10 ) + ( 1 * -1 * 11 ) + ( -2 * 4 * 3))

= ( 33 – 12 -20 ) – ( 30 – 11 -24 )

= (1 + 5) = 6 / 6 = 1

DETERMINANTE EN Y

1 11 3
4 4 1 = (( 1 * 4 * 3 ) + ( 4 * 11 * 3) + ( 11 * 1 * 2) –
2 10 3 ( 3 * 4 * 2 ) + ( 10 * 1 * 1 ) + ( 11 * 4 * 3 ))
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

= ( 12 + 120 + 22 ) – ( 24 + 132 + 10 )

= ( 154 – 166 ) = -12 / 6 = -2

DETERMINANTE EN Z

1 -2 11
4 1 4 = (( 1* 1 * 10 ) + ( 4 * -1 * 11 ) + ( -2 * 4 * 2) –
2 -1 10 ( 11 * 1 * 2 ) + ( 4 * -1 * 1 ) + ( 4 * -2 * 10 )

= ( 10 – 44 - 16 ) – ( 22 – 4 – 80 )

= ( - 50 + 62 ) = 12 / 6 = 2

2.
1 1 -1 7
X1 + X2 - X3 = 7
4 -1 5 = 4
4X1 - X2 + 5X3 = 4 2 2 -3 0
2X1 + 2X2 - 3X3 = 0

DETERMINANTE GENERAL

1 1 -1 7 = (( 1 * 1 * -1 ) + ( 4 * 2 * -1 ) + ( 1 * 5 * 2) –
( -1 * -1 * 2 ) + ( 5 * 2 * 1 ) + ( 4 * 1 * -3 )
4 -1 5 = 4
2 2 -3 0
= ( 3 – 8 + 10 ) – ( 2 +10 – 12)

=(5–0)= 5

DETERMINANTE EN X

7 1 -1 = (( 7 * 1 * -3 ) + ( 4 * 2 * -1 ) + ( 1 * 5 * 0 ) –
4 -1 5 ( -1 * -1 * 0 ) + ( 5 * 2 * 7 ) + ( 4 *1 * -3))
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

0 2 -3
= ( 21 – 8 + 0 ) – ( 0 + 70 – 12 )

= ( 13 – 58 ) = -45 / 5 = 9

DETERMINANTE EN Y

1 7 -1 = (( 1 * 4 * -3 ) + ( 7 * 5 * 2 ) + ( 4 * 0 * -1 ) –
4 4 5 ( -1 * 4 * 2 ) + ( 7 * 4 * -3 ) + ( 5 * 0 * 1))
2 0 -3
= ( -12 + 70 + 0 ) – ( -8 - 84 + 0 )

= ( 58 + 92 ) = 150 / 5 = 30

DETERMINANTE EN Z

1 1 7 = (( 1 * -1 * 0 ) + ( 4 * 2 * 7 ) + ( 1 * 4 * 2 ) –
4 -1 4 ( 7 * -1 * 2 ) + ( 4 * 2 * 1 ) + ( 4 * 1 * 0 )
2 2 0
= ( 0 + 56 + 8 ) – ( -14 + 8 + 0 )

= ( 64 + 6 ) = 70 / 5 = 14
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

APLICACIONES DE LAS ECUACIONES LINEALES

CIRCUITOS ELÉCTRICOS

1.

NODO A I 1 – I2 + I 3 = 0
I1 – I2 + I3 = 0 4I1 + I2 =8
I2 + 4I3 = 16
MAYA I : CDABC
8 – 2i1 -1i2 – 2i1 = 0
8 – 4i1 – i2 = 0 1 -1 1 0
4i1 + i2 = 8 4 1 0 = 8
0 1 4 16
MAYA II : BAEFB
-16 + 1i2 + 4i3 = 0
i2 + 4i3 = 16

DETERMINANTE GENERAL
1 -1 1 0
4 1 0 = 8 = ((1 * 1 * 4) + ( 4 * 1 * 1) + (-1 * 0 *0) ) –
0 1 4 16 ((1 * 1 * 0) + ( 1 * 0 * 1) + (-1 * 4 * 4))

= (4 + 4 +0 ) – ( 0 + 0 – 16)

= ( 8 + 16) = 24

DETERMINANTE EN X
0 -1 1
8 1 0 = (( 1 * 4 * 0 ) + ( 8 * 1 * 1 ) + ( -1 * 0 * 16 ) –
16 1 4 ( 1 * 1 * 16 ) + ( 1 * 0 * 0 ) + ( -1 * 8 * 4))
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

= ( 0 + 8 + 0 ) – ( 16 + 0 - 32 )

= (8 + 16) = 24 / 24 = 1

DETERMINANTE EN Y

1 0 1
4 8 0 = (( 1 * 8 * 4 ) + ( 4 * 16 * 1) + ( 0 * 0 * 0) –
0 16 4 ( 1 * 8 * 0 ) + ( 16 * 0 * 1 ) + ( 4 * 4 * 0 ))

= ( 16 + 0 + 0 ) – ( 0 + 8 - 64 )

= ( 16 + 56 ) = 96 / 24 = 4

DETERMINANTE EN Z

1 -1 0
4 1 8 = (( 16 * 1 * 1 ) + ( 4 * 1 * 0 ) + ( -1 * 8 * 0) –
0 1 16 ( 1 * 0 * 0 ) + ( 8 * 1 * 1 ) + ( 4 * -1 * 16 )

= ( 16 + 0 + 0 ) – ( 22 – 4 – 80 )

= ( - 50 + 62 ) = 72 / 24 = 3

2.

MAYA I1
1(i1- i2) + 2(i1 – i3) 7+6 = 0
I1-i2 + 2i1 – 2i3 - 7 + 6 = 0
3i1- i2 – 2i3 -1 = 0
3i1 – i2 – 2i3 = 1

3 -1 -2 1
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

MAYA I2 -1 6 3 = 0
2i2 + 3(i2 – i3) + 1(i2 –i2= 0 -2 -3 6 6
2i2 + 3i2 – 3i3 + i2 –i1 = 0
-i1 + 6i2 – 3i3 = 0

MAYA I3
2(i3 – i2) + 1(i3) + 3(i3 – i2) -6=0
2i3 – 2i1 + i3 + 3i3 – 3i2
-2i1 – 3i2 + 6i3 = 6

DETERMINANTE GENERAL

3 -1 -2 1 = (( 3 * 6 * 6 ) + ( -1 * -3 * -2 ) + ( -1 * -3 * -2) –
( -2 * 6 * -2 ) + ( 3 * -3 * 3 ) + ( -1 * -1 * 6 )
-1 6 -3 = 0
-2 -3 6 6
= ( 108 – 6 - 6 ) – ( 24 + 27 + 6)

= ( 93 – 57 ) = 39

DETERMINANTE EN X

1 -1 -2 = (( 1 * 6 * 6 ) + ( -3 * 0 * -2 ) + ( -1 * -3 * 6 ) –
0 6 -3 ( -2 * 6 * 6 ) + ( -3 * -3 * 1 ) + ( -1 * 0 * 6))
6 -3 6
= ( 36 + 0 + 18 ) – ( -72 + 9 + 0 )

= ( 54 + 63 ) = 117 / 39 = 3
DETERMINANTE EN Y

3 1 -2 = (( 3 * 0 * -6 ) + ( 6 * -1 * -2 ) + ( 1 * -3 * -2 ) –
-1 0 -3 ( -2 * 0 * -2 ) + ( -1 * 1 * -6 ) + ( 6 * -3 * 3))
-2 6 -6
= ( 0 + 12 + 6 ) – ( 0 - 6 - 54 )

= ( 18 + 60 ) = 78 / 39 = 2
 ALGEBRA LÍNEAL
SERIE DE EJERCICIOS 2° PARCIAL

DETERMINANTE EN Z

3 -1 1 = (( 3 * -6 * 6 ) + ( -1 * -3 * 1 ) + ( -1 * 0 * -2 ) –
-1 -6 0 ( 1 * -6 * -2 ) + ( -3 *0 * 3 ) + ( -1 * -1 * 6 )
-2 -3 6
= ( 108 + 3 + 0 ) – ( -12 + 0 + 6 )

= ( 113 + 6 ) = 117 / 39 = 3