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ST.

ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in


the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

INFORMATION SHEET 1
Introduction to Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences

MODULE DESCRIPTOR:

This module will help Senior High School students understand aspects in the Discipline and Ideas in
the Applied Social Sciences. This course introduces some Applied Social Sciences, namely, Counseling,
Social Work, and Communication, which draw their foundation from the theories and principles of Psychology,
Sociology, Anthropology, and other Social Sciences. The course highlights the seamless interconnectivity of
the different applied social science disciplines while focusing on the processes and applications of these
applied disciplines in critical development areas.

NOMINAL DURATION: 10 hours

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of this module, you MUST be able to:

1. Clarify the relationships between social sciences and applied social sciences
2. Cite differences among the applied social science

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Identify the meaning of Social Sciences and Applied Social Science.


2. Differentiate social sciences and applied social sciences through compare and contrast graphic
organizer
3. Demonstrate an understanding of Social Sciences and the Applied Social Sciences

Page 1 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

LEARNING OUTCOME#1

CLARIFY THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SOCIAL SCIENCES AND APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES

CONTENTS:

I. Definition of Social Science


II. Definition of Applied Social Science

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

4. Identify the meaning of Social Sciences and Applied Social Science.


5. Differentiate social sciences and applied social sciences through compare and contrast graphic
organizer
6. Demonstrate an understanding of Social Sciences and the Applied Social Sciences

CONDITIONS:

Learners must be provided with the following:

1. WORKPLACE LOCATION
2. EQUIPMENT

- Computer/ Cellphone (with Internet Connection)

3. TOOLS, ACCESSORIES AND SUPPLIES

- Notebook
- Paper
- Pen
4. LEARNING RESOURCES

- Internet connection or book suggested by the teacher

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

1. Written Test
2. Performance Test

Page 2 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome 1

CLARIFY THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SOCIAL SCIENCES AND APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES

Learning Activities Special Instructions


Read information Sheet no. 1.1 After reading the Information Sheet no. 1.1,
Defining Social Sciences and the Applied answer Self Check no. 1.1 to ensure
Social Sciences knowledge in The Applied Social Science

Answer Self Check no. 1.1 Please answer with honesty.


Accomplish Task Sheet no. 1.1 After the Self Check, reflect on the topic
studied by accomplishing the Task Sheet: 5-
MINUTE Documentary. This task will exhibit
your understanding on the topic studied.

The teacher will use the rubric to assess your


output.

Page 3 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1

The Applied Social Sciences

Learning Objectives:

After reading the information sheet, you must be able to:

1. Identify the meaning of Social Sciences and Applied Social Science.


2. Differentiate social sciences and applied social sciences through compare and contrast graphic
organizer
3. Demonstrate an understanding of Social Sciences and the Applied Social Sciences.

ACTIVITY 1: PRETEST

Anticipation Reaction Guide

Direction: Before the chapter study. Place a check mark (/) on the Before the Chapter Study column if you
agree with the statement and cross (X) if you do not agree.

After the Chapter Study. Place a check mark (/) on the After the Chapter Study column if you agree with the
statement and a cross mark (X) if you do not agree.

Before the Statements After the


Chapter Chapter
Study Study
Social science is the study of society and the manner in which people
behave and affect the world.
Social sciences are only applicable in the academe and not in the
workplace.
Applied social scientist use and borrow different concepts, theoretical
models, and theories from social science and disciplines.
Guidance counselling is a profession that helps address a person’s specific
projects, business successes, general conditions and transitions in life,
relationships, or profession
Applied social sciences provide good theoretical and conceptual
foundations for social work practice.
Psychology studies how human mind work in consonance with the body to
produce thoughts that lead to individual actions.

ACTIVITY 2: DATA RETRIEVAL CHART COMPLETION

Direction: Complete the data retrieval chart. Classify the following disciplines and categorize them if they
belong to the Pure Social Sciences or to the Applied Social Sciences.

Compare and Contrast with Bubble Map


Disciplines to be categorized:

Economics Business Administration Counselling History Social Work


Geography Criminology Sociology Anthropology Communication
Psychology Marketing Political science Demography Public Administration

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ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

Pure
Applied Social Social
Sciences Sciences

DEFINING SOCIAL SCIENCES

As compared to the natural sciences, which is discipline that deals only with natural events (the independent and
dependent variables in nature) using scientific methods, defining social science is a bit more complex as it
examines society and the intricate relationships among individuals within society.

While social interactions may have been of interest to many scholars and philosophers even in the earliest times,
it was only in the 19th century that social sciences as an academic discipline was institutionalized. This started
with the publication of Suicide by Emily Durheim and Systeme de Politique Positive by August Comte- both
scientific studies of the relationship between individual and their society.

Social Sciences – is made of several disciplines and these include history, political science, sociology,
psychology, economics, geography, demography, anthropology and linguistics. As a body of scientific
knowledge, the social sciences provide diverse set of lenses that help us understand and explain the different
facets of human society. The varieties of lens that social sciences study refer to the different fields of the social
sciences that investigate human society.

FIELDS OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES

FIELDS DEFINITION
Economics studies the allocation of scarce resources and the production and exchange of
goods and services in society.
Anthropology the scientific study of humans and their cultures in the past and present time.
History systematic study of human past events in order to understand the meaning,
dynamics, and relationship of the cause and effects of events in the development
of societies.

Political Science primarily studies human behavior in relation to political systems, governments,
laws, and international relations.

Psychology studies how the human mind works in consonance with the body to produce
thoughts that lead to individual actions.

Sociology a systematic study of people’s behavior in groups


Geography the study of interaction between people and their environments.
Demography according to the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research (2016)
demography is the scientific study of human populations across time.
Page 5 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

WHAT IS THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE?

Applied Social Sciences can be defined as the practical application of social science knowledge. It is branch of
study that applies the different concepts, theoretical models, and theories of the social science disciplines to
help understand society and the different problems and issues. The applied social sciences are utilized to
provide alternative solutions to the diverse problem of the society.

Borrowing concepts from Aristotle, we can locate the distinction between social sciences and applied social
sciences in episteme and tecne. Episteme broadly refer to the production of knowledge, which pertains to the
field of social sciences. Meanwhile, techne is loosely translated into “art” or “craft” which in this case pertains to
applied social sciences with its emphasis on putting theories into practice. Gouldner (1989) provide a more
detailed explanation of applied social science:
a. As previously discussed, it makes use of the loose concepts rather than generalized propositions and
theories.
b. Not all concepts or theoretical models of social science are equally useful to applied social science.
c. It is more likely to borrow from their basic disciplines those concepts and theoretical models which can
aid applied social scientist in understanding or producing changes.
d. When the basic discipline does not provide theoretical systems or concepts to aid the applied social
scientist to deal with change, the latter will develop these himself.
e. These new concepts will in turn, exert pressure to produce modifications in the theories of the basic
discipline.

However, both social science and applied social science are two sides of the same coin and, in line
separating both academic fields is becoming increasingly blurred. For example, there is now a conscious shift
in current studies done in most fields under social sciences towards practical application; an end goal of
contributing go society’s progress and the empowerment of the individual is prioritized. Likewise, most applied
social scientist has increasingly turned to theories to enrich their field or to help explain particular cases they
have encountered. Lasty, with the increasing trend on interdisciplinary studies, students are encouraged to
look past their specific disciplines to create a holistic picture of any given phenomenon.

THE FIELD OF APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE

FIELDS DEFINITION
This field provides business principles and other applied skills in the area of accounting.
Accounting It provides an understanding of an individual, group or institutional finances, including
budget and cost analyses, payroll, auditing, and taxes, among others.
Business Administration This specializes in the operations and management of business institutions.
Communication The field focuses on how humans use verbal and nonverbal messages to create meaning
in various contexts across cultures using a variety of channels and media.
Counseling is the skilled and principled use of relationship to facilitate self-knowledge,
Counselling emotional acceptance, and growth for the optimal development of personal resources.
Criminology This focuses on the study of crime, criminal behavior, and the legal system.
The field provides professionals in clinics, hospitals, private practices, nursing homes,
Healthcare Management research facilities and the like with the focused training required to handle the unique
management challenges of the healthcare industries.
Human Resources and This field provides a background in personnel management, staff training and
Organizational development, and the crafting and institution of an organization’s policies and
Development procedures.
Marketing The field includes promotion, creative services, public relations, research, consulting,
communications advertisements, strategy, branding, and much more.
This field is both a professional and academic disciplines that seeks to improve the
quality of life and well-being of an individual, group or community by intervening through
Social Work research, policy, community organizing, direct practice, and teaching in behalf of those
afflicted with poverty or any real or perceived social injustices and violations of the

Page 6 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

human rights.

Three main career tracks for applied social scientist:

Counselling is one of the fields of applied social sciences as an application of the social sciences, counselling
provides guidance, help, and support to individuals who are distraught by a diverse set of problems in their
lives.

Counselling can be done by the following:

Guidance counsellor and life coaching are applications of the social sciences and these professions,
expert help is given to individuals who needed guidance or advice pertaining to their business successes,
general conditions and personal life transitions, relationships and career.

Life coach analyses the present condition of the client, discovers different obstacles or challenges that a
client faces, and provides a certain course of action to make the client’s life better.

Career counselling is needed by people who are in the process of entering the job market, searching for
possible career change, or those wanting career advancements.

Personal growth counselling concentrates on the evaluation of different aspects of a client’s life.

Social work practitioners help individuals, families, and groups, communities to improve their individual and
collective well-being.

Communication Studies- Applied social science provide adequate training for careers in the field of
journalism and mass communication because of multidisciplinary knowledge and skills that graduates learn
from social sciences.

ACTIVITY 3

Direction: Which among the Social Sciences and Applied Social Sciences is the most interesting? In your
workbook, write a 150-word essay.

Page 7 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

Self-Check 1.1
Defining Social Sciences and the Applied Social Sciences

I. MATCHING TYPE: Match Column A. Disciplines in Social Sciences with Column B, definitions of the
discipline. Write your answer in your workbook.

COLUMN A COLUMN B

A. systematic study of human past events


1. Economics in order to understand the meaning,
dynamics, and relationship of the cause
2. Anthropology and effects of events in the development
3. History of societies.

4. Political Science B. studies the allocation of scarce


5. Psychology resources and the production and
exchange of goods and services in
6. Sociology society.
7. Geography
C. according to the Max Planck Institute for
8. Demography Demographic Research (2016)
demography is the scientific study of
human populations across time.

D. the scientific study of humans and their


cultures in the past and present time.

E. studies how the human mind works in


consonance with the body to produce
thoughts that lead to individual actions.

F. a systematic study of people’s behavior


in groups

G. the study of interaction between people


and their environments.

H. primarily studies human behavior in


relation to political systems,
governments, laws, and international
relations.

Page 8 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

Task Sheet 2.1-1A

Title: I can see the difference

Performance Objectives:
Now that you learned about the fields of social sciences and applied social sciences, you
are expected to explain clearly public perceptions about the work of social sciences and applied
social science using a graphic organizer.

Supplies: Notebook/Paper, Pen/Pencil,


Equipment: Cellphone/PC (with internet connection) and Printer (optional)
Steps/Procedure:

1. Study and do more research in the internet.


2. Compare and contrast social sciences and applied social sciences using a graphic organizer.
How are they alike and how are they different?

Be guided by the following guide questions:


1.What is the connection between social sciences and the applied social sciences?
2.How do they differ from one another?
3.What is the difference between counselling and social work?

Assessment Method:
Performance Criteria Checklist
Criteria 5 4 3 2 1
To what extent did your output satisfy the following?
The response/solution is complete and appropriate.
Ideas are presented accurately and orderly.
Supporting details and examples are sufficient.
Highly influential and realistic due to the use of factual details.
Grammar and word choice are correct and appropriate.
The output presented is original and free of plagiarism.
TOTAL (Highest= 30 pts.)

Page 9 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

29-30 pts. 25-28 pts. 20-24 pts. 15-19 pts. 14 and below
Very Good Good Average Needs Improvement Repeat
The expected The expected
The expected
output is output is The expected
output is
accomplished accomplished output is not
accomplished
and the and the accomplished
and the The expected output is
objectives are objectives are and/or none of
objectives are accomplished but some
satisfied well. satisfied. The the objectives are
satisfied well. of the objectives are not
The output also output also fulfilled. The
The output also satisfied. The output
satisfied all of satisfied well output also
satisfied most also doesn’t satisfy well
the criteria some of the doesn’t satisfy
of the criteria the criteria enumerated.
enumerated. criteria enough the
enumerated.
enumerated. criteria
No need to repeat.
Well done! enumerated.
Continue Improvement is
Continue Extra effort is
doing a good expected on the next
doing a great needed. Try to Need to repeat
job. Improve outputs.
job. Challenge improve other the activity or
other skills on
yourself by skills on the accomplish
the criteria
doing much criteria equal task.
enumerated.
greater. enumerated.

Page 10 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

LEARNING OUTCOME#2

1. CITE DIFFERENCES AMONG THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCE

CONTENTS:
A. Counseling
1.1 Definitions
1.2 Goals
1.3 Scope
1.4 Core Values
1.5 Principles

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:

1. Distinguish Social Sciences and Applied Social Science using own words.
2. State the importance of studying the applied social sciences.

CONDITIONS:

Learners must be provided with the following:

WORKPLACE LOCATION

EQUIPMENT

- Computer/ Cellphone (with Internet Connection)

5. TOOLS, ACCESSORIES AND SUPPLIES

- Notebook
- Paper
- Pen
6. LEARNING RESOURCES

- Internet connection or book suggested by the teacher

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

1. Written Test
2. Performance Test

Page 11 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

LEARNING EXPERIENCES

Learning Outcome 1

CLARIFY THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SOCIAL SCIENCES AND APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES

Learning Activities Special Instructions


Read information Sheet no. 1.1 After reading the Information Sheet no. 1.1,
Defining Social Sciences and the Applied answer Self Check no. 1.1 to ensure
Social Sciences knowledge in The Applied Social Science

Answer Self Check no. 1.1 Please answer with honesty.


Accomplish Task Sheet no. 1.1 After the Self Check, reflect on the topic
studied by accomplishing the I can see the
difference. This task will exhibit your
understanding on the topic studied.

The teacher will use the rubric to assess your


output.

Page 12 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1

The Discipline of Counseling

Learning Objectives:

After reading the information sheet, you must be able to:

1. Define Counseling through KWL Chart.


2. Identify the goals and scope of counseling and discuss the core values and principles of counseling
through I need Help, where will I go? In what Way will Counseling Empower Me and Which Counseling
Principle I Agree Most?
3. Appreciate the importance of counseling.

ACTIVITY 1: Chapter Pre-Test

Anticipation Reaction Guide


Direction: The following statements enable you to reflect on or figure – out your level of understanding about
counseling. You are required to agree or disagree with each of the following statements. Before the chapter
study. Place a check mark (/) on the Before the Chapter Study column if you agree with the statement and
cross (X) if you do not agree. After the Chapter Study. Place a check mark (/) on the After the Chapter
Study column if you agree with the statement and a cross mark (X) if you do not agree.

Before the Statements After the


Study Chapter
Study
Counseling as an art is the subjective dimension of counseling. It acclaims a flexible
and creative process whereby the counselor modifies the approach to meet the
developing needs of clients
Remedial goals refer to assisting a client to overcome and treat an undesirable
development.
Counseling happens when a person who is distressed asks and permits another
person to enter into a particular kind of connection with him or her.
A licensed professional scholar may render to individuals, groups, organizations, or
the general public counseling services involving the application of clinical counseling
principles, methods, or procedures to assist individuals in achieving more effective
personal, social, educational, or career development and adjustment.
The way we perceive or view things, people, events and our environment, is
influenced by our values.
Counselors treat with confidence personal information about clients, whether obtained
directly or indirectly by inference.
In view of the theory of utilitarianism in relation to beneficence, the application of
utilitarianism would be to apply an ethical decision in the light of costs and benefits for
each participant.
Marriage and family counseling refers to the efforts to establish an encouraging
relationship with a couple or family and appreciate the complications in the family
system.
A counselor’s primary responsibility is to respect the dignity and to promote the welfare
of clients.
Counselors accept employment only for positions which they are qualified by
education, training, supervised experience, state and national professional credentials,
and appropriate professional experience.

Page 13 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

WHAT IS COUNSELING?
TJ is a senior high school student who is confused on what course to take in college. He wants to take
up Computer Science because he is interested in computers and computer games. His parents and relatives,
however, want him to be a teacher. His family’s fervent desire for him to be a teacher stem from the fact that
his parents, siblings, and relatives are mostly teacher. TJ is torn between his family and his interest. He then
decided to see the school guidance counselor.

During the sessions, the counselor explored Ben’s motive in choosing what course to take in college.
The counselor then assisted him in determining his aptitude and interests for both academic and computer
science courses by taking tests and career interests inventories. It was during TJ’s sessions with the
counselor that he decided to pursue a course in Computer Science. He was also helped into devising a plan
on how to explain his decision to his family.

TJ’s case is one of the many stories of clients who have divided to undergo counseling. If you were in
TJ’s position, would you have gone to a counselor, too?

COUNSELING DEFINED

Counseling – For Nystul (2003) defined it as basically an art and a science wherein you endeavour to weigh
the objective and subjective facets of the counseling process.
As an art is the subjective dimension of counseling. It upholds a flexible and creative process whereby
the counselor modifies the approach to meet the developing needs of the clients.
As a science, on the other hand, is the objective dimension of the counseling process.
In practical terms, counseling happens when a person who is distressed asks for help and permit
another person to enter into a kind of connection with him/her. It is indicative with formal of someone in
search of counseling requests for time and attention from person who will listen, who will allow him/her
to speak and who will not condemn and criticize him/her.
Informal helping- is kin with formal helping in some ways such as presence of good listening skills,
empathy, and caring capacity.
Based on Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004, guidance and counseling is the profession that
implicates the application of “an integrated approach to the development of a well-functioning individual
“through the provision of support that aids an individual to use his/her potential to the fullest in accord
with his/her interest, needs and abilities. (University of Queensland, 2015).
At the American Counseling Association (ACA) Conference in Pittsburgh in March 2010, the
representatives come to an agreement on a mutual definition of counseling. They agreed that
counseling is a professional relationship that empowers diverse individuals, families and group
to accomplish mental health, wellness, education, and career goals (Kaplan, Tarvydas, and
Gladding, 2014).

GOALS OF COUNSELING
Counseling is deliberate and a carefully thought-out process. No clients go into counseling and no counselor
conduct counseling just because it strikes their fancy. Goals are very important in counseling.
Establishing clear goals means that a positive outcome is expected after the counseling
relationship is terminated.

Counseling Goals according to Gibson and Mitchell (2003)


1. Development Goals – assist in meeting or advancing the clients human growth and development including
social, personal, emotional, cognitive, and physical wellness.
2. Preventive Goals – helps the client avoid some undesired outcome.
3. Enhancement Goals- enhance special skills and abilities.

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ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

4. Remedial Goals – assisting a client to overcome and treat an undesirable development.


5. Exploratory Goals - examining options, testing of skills, trying new and different activities, etc.
6. Reinforcement Goals - helps client in recognizing, that what they are doing, thinking, and feeling is fine
7. Cognitive Goals -involves acquiring the basic foundation of learning and cognitive skills
8. Physiological Goals – involves acquiring the basic understanding and habits for good health
9. Psychological Goals – aids in developing good social interaction skills, learning emotional control, and
developing positive self – concept
15 Specific counseling goals according to McLeod (2003)

Goal Description
Insight Understanding of the origins and development of emotional difficulties, leading to an
increased capacity to take rational control over feelings and actions
Relating with Becoming better able to form and maintain meaningful and satisfying relationships
others with other people: for example, within the family or workplace
Self- awareness Becoming more aware of thoughts and feelings that had been blocked off or denied,
or developing a more accurate sense of how self is perceived by others.
Self- acceptance The development of a positive attitude toward self, marked by an ability to
acknowledge areas of experience that had been the subject of self- criticism and
rejection
Self – Moving in the direction of fulfilling potential or achieving an integration of previously
actualization conflicting parts of self.
Enlightenment Assisting the client to arrive at a higher state of spiritual awakening
Problem- Solving Finding a solution to a specific problem that the client had not been able to resolve
alone. Acquiring a general competence in problem – solving
Psychological Enabling the client to acquire ideas and techniques with which to understand and
education control behavior
Acquisition of Learning and mastering social and interpersonal skills such as maintenance of eye
Social Skills contact, turn taking in conversations, assertive, or anger control
Cognitive change The modification or replacement of irrational beliefs or mal adaptive thought patterns
associated with self- destructive behavior
Behavior change The modification or replacement of maladaptive or self- destructive patterns of
behavior.
Systematic Introducing change into the way in that social systems operate
change
Empowerment Working on skills, awareness, and knowledge that will enable to client to take control
of his or her own life
Restitution Helping the client to make amends for previous destructive behavior
Generality Inspiring in the person a desire and capacity to care for others and pass on
knowledge and to contribute to the collective good through political engagement

SCOPE OF COUNSELING

The wide ranges of human problems create a widened scope and field of counseling. Broadly, the scope of
counseling includes individual counseling, marital and premarital counseling, family counseling, and community
counseling. A more focused subject matter related to scope of counseling is the 4757-15 Scope of Practice foe
Licensed Professional Counselors. It contains the rights and responsibilities of licensed counselors including the
following:

Licensed Professional Counselors may for a fee, salary, or other considerations Page 15 of 20

1. Afford counseling services to individuals, groups, organizations, or the general public compromising of:
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

Source: http:codes.ohio.gov/oac/4757-15

CORE VALUES
Core Values- is a key component of an organization. It has significant influence on other organizational
components, more specifically, to its members. It serves as standards that shape the members behavior in
their interaction with their clients and other people.

According to Mcleod (2003), the founders of humanistic psychology, including Maslows and Rogers,
highlighted the importance of values.

Ethical Principles of counseling which are follows:

Ethical Principles These are the ideas that underpin both personal and professional codes.
1. Autonomy of individuals
 Is based on the right to freedom of action and freedom of
choice in so far as the pursuit of these freedom does not
interfere with the freedom of others ; counseling cannot happen
unless the client has made a free choice to participate

2. Principle of Non maleficence


 This refers to instruction to all helpers or healers that they
must ,above all, do no harm;
 Beneficence refers to the order to promote human welfare

3. Principle of Justice
 Concerned with the fair distribution of resources and services ,
unless there is some acceptable reason for treating them
differently
 For counseling , the principle has particular relevance to the
question access

General Moral  The BACP Ethical Framework for Good Practice , drawing on virtues
Theories perspective also identified a set of personal qualities that all
practitioners should possess: empathy, sincerity, integrity, resilience,
respect, humility, competence, fairness, wisdom and courage

It is important to note that while goals are important elements of counseling process, the question of who set
the goals is crucial. Krumboltz (as quoted in Schertzer and Stone 1981,173) maintained that a counseling goal
should meet the following criteria:

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ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

a. It must be a goal shared by the client;


b. The counselor must be willing to help the client achieve this goal; and
c. It must be possible to assess the extent to which the client achieves the goal.

Goal setting in counseling is shared responsibility of both counselors and clients. This way, clients can take
ownership on their counseling goals and would not feel that the counselors themselves decided on what the
goal should be.

Self-check 2.1

The Discipline of Counseling

Page 17 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

I. ENUMERATION

Direction: Provide what are being asked for in each item.

1. Give 5 counseling goals according to Gibson and Mitchell (2003)


2. Give 5 Specific counseling goals according to McLeod (2003)

II. ESSAY
Direction: Answer the following question briefly.
1. Why is counseling an art and, at the same time, a science?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. Why is counseling defined as a relationship?

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________ _____
____________

3. Why is counseling referred to as emerging helping profession?


_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

4. Why is counseling important? You can include personal experiences or known instance where you
have seen the importance of counseling.

Task Sheet 2

ACTIVITY 2.1
KWL Chart
Page 18 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

Topic: The Discipline of Counseling

What I Know What I Want to Know What I Learned


About Counseling About Counseling About Counseling

Guide Questions:
1. What are your ideas about counseling?
2. Did you experience counseling? Why?

ACTIVITY 2.2

I Need Help, Where Will I Go?

Instruction:

1.If something is bothering about life matters: academics, relationships, family, identity, and financial
concerns, with whom do you share your problem? Will you pursue formal help or a non-formal help? Why or
why not? Explain your answer.

2.Write your answer on the box.

Open Notes

Name:
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________

ACTIVITY 2.3
Page 19 of 20
ST. ANTHONY COLLEGE Disciplines and Ideas in
the Applied Social
CALAPAN CITY INC. Sciences

In What Way Will Counseling Empower Me?

Instruction:

1. In our discussion on counseling goals, John McLeod contends that: “counseling aims to empower the
client by helping him/her make critical decisions in life, develop ability to cope, enhance effectiveness,
and improve quality of life”.
2. What do you think about this statement? Do you accept or support it? How will it empower you?
Explain your answer.
3. Write your answer in the box.

Open Notes
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