Republic of the Philippines

PACITA COMPLEX SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Tirad Pass St. Pacita Complex
San Pedro City, Laguna
(02) 720-50-32
 Republic of the Philippines
PACITA COMPLEX SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Tirad Pass St. Pacita Complex
San Pedro City, Laguna
(02) 720-50-32

1st Semester
S. Y. 2020 – 2021

Grade: : 12
Subject Title : PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2 (PRE-TEST)
Lesson : IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
ACROSS VARIOUS FIELDS
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ESSAY

Discuss briefly, what is asked below.

1. How is quantitative research related or important to different fields of

discipline?
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2. Choose two disciplines enumerated below and explain how quantitative

research is used on it.

A. Anthropology
B. Communication
C. Sports Medicine
D. Medical Education
QUANTITATIVE
E. Behavioral Science
RESEARCH and
F. Education
G. Psychology
H. ABM
I. STEM

Answers:
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 Republic of the Philippines
PACITA COMPLEX SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Tirad Pass St. Pacita Complex
San Pedro City, Laguna
(02) 720-50-32
 Republic of the Philippines
PACITA COMPLEX SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Tirad Pass St. Pacita Complex
San Pedro City, Laguna
(02) 720-50-32

1st Semester
S. Y. 2020 – 2021

Grade: : 12
Subject Title : PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Topic : IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
ACROSS FIELDS
Most Essential : ILLUSTRATES THE IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE
Learning RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS
Competency
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IMPORTANCE OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

 People do research to find solutions, even tentative ones, to problems, in

order to improve or enhance ways of doing things, to disprove or provide a
new hypothesis, or simply to find answers to questions or solutions to
problems in daily life.
 Research findings can affect people’s lives, ways of doing things, laws, rules
and regulations, as well as policies, among others. Widely, quantitative
research is often used because of its emphasis on proof rather than
discovery.
 In recent times, research studies are gaining an unprecedented focus and
attention. Then, only the faculty in higher education has so much interest and
conduct researches, but now even the teachers in the basic education are
engrossed in researches and devote time and effort in conducting researches
to improve educational practices that may lead to more quality learning of the
students.
 Many teachers do action researches because there is a serious need to
identify the problems of the deteriorating quality of education. By doing so,
they can address systematically and make educational decisions regarding
the problems met.
 Innovative teaching strategies are product of research. In the natural and
social sciences, quantitative research is the systematic, empirical
investigation of observable phenomena via statistical, mathematical or
computational techniques.
 The objective of quantitative research is to develop and employ mathematical
models, theories and/or hypotheses pertaining to phenomena.
 The process of measurement is central to quantitative research because it
provides the fundamental connection between empirical observation and
mathematical expression of quantitative relationships.
  Health Sciences (Medical Technology, Dentistry, Nursing, Medicine, etc.) use
quantitative research designs like descriptive, pre-experimental, quasi-
experimental, true-experiment, case study, among others.
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH & ACCOUNTING, BUSINESS and MANAGEMENT

(ABM)

 Researches can help design a new product or service, figuring out what is
needed and ensure the development of product is highly targeted towards
demand.
 Businessmen can also utilize research results to guarantee sufficient
distribution of their products and decide where they need to increase their
product distribution.
 Conducting researches can also help a business determine whether now is
the proper time to open another branch or whether it needs to apply for a new
loan.
 It may also help a small business decide if a procedure or strategy should be
changed to meet the requirements of the customer base.
 Research is important for any organization to remain in the market. The
primary function of research in ABM is to correctly determine its customers
and their preferences, establish the enterprise in the most feasible location,
deliver quality goods and services, analyze what the competitors are doing
and find ways on how to continuously satisfy the growing and varied needs of
the clients.
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and ANTHROPOLOGY

 Anthropology is a research method of combining qualitative and quantitative

research data. It is concerned with exploring connections simultaneously,
amidst cultural differences, alternatives and identity. In the contemporary
academic, socio-cultural and political climate concepts have immense
symbolic overtones.
 Quantitative research is used in Anthropology in many aspects. Like true
experiments, it may be used in studying people provided that you follow
certain steps (Bernard, 2004). This is to look into the effects of an intervention
in ethnic behavior of a group.
 In here, you need at least two groups, called the treatment group and the
control group. One group gets the intervention and the other group do not.
Next, individuals may be randomly assigned, either to the intervention group
or to the control group to ensure that the groups are equivalent. Then, the
groups are measured on one or more dependent variables; this is called the
pre-test. After which, the intervention is introduced. Lastly, the dependent
variables are measured again. This is the post test.
 True in experiments with people in laboratory are also common. Laboratory
experiments often produce results that beg to be tested in the natural world by
Anthropologists.
  Aaron and Mills (1959, as cited by Bernard, 2004) demonstrated in a lab
experiment that people who go through severe initiation to a group tend to be
more positive toward the group than are people who go through a mild
initiation. They reasoned that people who go through tough initiation rites put
a lot of personal investments into getting into the group. Later, if people see
evidence that the group is not what they thought it would be, they are
reluctant to admit the fact because of the investments.
 In Field Anthropology, Janet Schofield and her colleagues did a 3 year
ethnographic study in middle school. During the first year, they noticed that
African-American and white children seemed to react differently to “mildly
aggressive acts’ – things like bumping in the hallway, poking one another in
the classroom, asking for food, or using another student’s pencil without
permission. There appeared to be no event of racial conflict in the school, but
during interviews white students were more likely to report being intimidated
by their African-American peers than vice versa (Sagar & Schofield, 1980, as
cited by Bernard, 2004).
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and COMMUNICATION

 Researchers are often interested in how an understanding of a particular

communication phenomenon might generalize to a larger population. For
example, researchers can advance questions like “What effect do punitive
behavioral control statements have on a classroom? What communicative
behaviors are associated with different stages in romantic relationships? What
communicative behaviors are used to respond to co-workers displaying
emotional stress? (Allen, Titsworth, Hunt, 2009)
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and SPORTS MEDICINE

 Quantitative research is used to analyze how sports may be used as an

alternative way of medicating an illness. An example is the research done by
University of Eastern Finland which investigated the relationship between
mushrooming of fast food chains and obesity, as well as the intervention
needed to prevent children’s obesity from reaching serious proportions. The
research focused on the children’s physical activity and physical inactivity and
the concomitant impact on the children’s amount of adipose tissue (fat mass)
and the endurance fitness. The study is used to analyze the certain effect of
physical activity in weight control.
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and MEDICAL EDUCATION

 Quantitative research in medical education tends to be predominantly

observational research based on surveys or correlational studies. The designs
test interventions like curriculum, teaching-learning process, or assessment
with an experimental group. Either a comparison or controlled group learners
may allow researchers to overcome validity concerns and infer potential
 cause-effect generalizations. Researchers are using quantitative research to
cope with the emerging trends in recent times.
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

 Relationship questions in today’s quantitative trend tend to explore how one

behavior exhibited by people is related to other types of behavior. Examples
are verbally aggressive behaviors related to physical aggression – that is,
when a person has a level of verbally aggressive behavior, does he or she
tend to be physically aggressive? Are certain supervisor communication skills
related to the emotional experiences of employees?
 Questions of difference explore how patterns of behavior or perceptions might
differ from one group or type of a person to another: Do people with
disabilities experience emotional labor differently from those without
disabilities? Do women perceive talkativeness (or lack of it) differently form
men? Do communication styles differ from one culture to the next? (Alle,
Titsworth, Hunt, 2009).
 When quantitative researchers explore questions of differences or questions
of relationships, they do so in an attempt to uncover certain patterns of
behavior. If the researcher discovers that a certain relationship exists in
sample that she or he has drawn form the population, she/he is then in a
position to draw generalizations about patterns expected of human behavior.
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

 Quasi Experiments are most often used in evaluating social problems.

Suppose a researcher has invented a technique for improving reading
comprehension among third graders. She/he selects two third grade classes
in a school district. One of them gets the intervention and the other doesn’t.
Students are measured before and after the intervention to see whether their
reading scores improve. This design contains many of the elements of true
experiment, but the participants are not assigned randomly to the treatment
and control groups.
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH and PSYCHOLOGY

 Mertens (2005) says that the dominant paradigms that guided early
psychological research were positivism and its successor, post positivism.
Positivism is based on rationalistic, empiricist philosophy that originated with
Aristotle, Francis Bacon, John Locke, August Comte, and Immanuel Kant.
The underlying assumptions of positivism include the belief that the social
world can be studied in the same way as the natural world, that there is a
method for studying the social world that is value-free, and that explanations
of a causal nature can be provided.
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QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH & SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, and
MATHEMATICS

 Medical practitioners, for example, conduct researches to obtain significant

information about diseases trends and risk factors, results of various health
interventions, patterns of care and health care cost and use. The different
approaches to research provide complementary insights.
 Researchers help in determining the effectiveness and even side effect of
drugs and therapies in different populations and various institutions. It is also
necessary in evaluating experiences in clinical practice in order to develop
mechanisms for best practices and to ensure high quality patient care.
Researchers in these fields ultimately aim for man’s longevity.
 As for engineers, architects, and other builders, research helps in providing
designs which are creatively beautiful and at the same time give more
convenience and efficiency as they utilize modern technology to adapt to the
ever changing society. New materials and procedures may be developed so
as to further strengthen the structural materials that can withstand various
calamities and disasters.
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I. ESSAY. Briefly explain what is asked below.

 How important is quantitative research across fields? Cite at least five fields
and explain how quantitative research is interconnected with it.
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II. CONCEPT MAP. Complete the concept map presented below. You add figures so
long as you will use your creativity using the figures given. Present the importance of
quantitative research to different fields.