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COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

Sector : Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and


Refrigeration

Qualification Title: RAC SERVICING (DomRAC) NC II

Unit of Competency: INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS

Module Title: INTERPRETING TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS

Llorente Technical Institute (LTI)


LGU-Llorente
Llorente E. Samar
How to Use this Module

Welcome to the unit of competency INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND


PLANS is one of the common competencies of RAC SERVICING (DomRAC) NC
II, a course which comprises the knowledge skills and attitude that a trainee is
required to possess.

The module INTERPRETING TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS contains


training materials and activities related to.

In this module, you are required to go through a series of learning activities in


order to complete each learning outcome. In each learning are Information
Sheets, self – Checks, Task Sheet and Job Sheets. Follow and perform the
activities on your own. If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask assistance
from your facilitator.

Remember to:

Read Information Sheets and complete the self – checks. Suggested


references are included to supplement the material provided in this module.

Perform the task sheets until you are confident that your output conforms to
the performance criteria checklist that follows the sheets.

Submit outputs of the Task Sheets and Job Sheets to your facilitator for
evaluation and recording in the Accomplishment Chart. Outputs shall serve as
your portfolio during the institutional competency evaluation. When you feel
confident that you had sufficient practice, ask your trainer to evaluate you. The
results of your assessment will be recorded in your Progress Chart and your
Accomplishment Chart.

You must pass the Institutional Competency Evaluation for this


competency. A Certificate of Achievement will be awarded to you after
passing the evaluation.

You need to complete this module before you can perform the module on
INTERPRETING TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND PLANS.

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
Date Revised:
(DomRAC) NC II
Interpreting Developed by:
Technical Drawings Engr. Christian
and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
RAC SERVICING (DomRAC) NC II
COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

List of Competencies

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code


BASIC COMPETENCIES
Participate in Participate in 500311105
1. workplace workplace
communication communication

Work in a team Work in a team 500311106


2.
environment environment

Practice career Practice career 500311107


3.
professionalism professionalism

Practice occupational Practice occupational


500311108
4.
health and safety health and safety
COMMON COMPETENCIES
Prepare materials and Preparing materials
HVC713201
1.
tools and tools

Interpret technical Interpreting technical


HVC311202
2.
drawings drawings

Observe procedures, Observing procedures,


specifications and specifications and
HVC311201
3.
manuals of manuals of
instructions instructions

Perform Performing
4. mensurations and HVC311203
mensurations and
calculations calculations

Perform basic Performing basicHVC713202


5.
benchworks benchworks

Perform basic Performing basicHVC724201


6.
electrical works electrical works

Maintain tools and Maintaining tools and


HVC311204
7.
equipment equipment

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
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and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
Perform Performing
8. housekeeping and housekeeping and HVC315201
safety practices safety practices

Document work Documenting work


HVC311205
9.
accomplished accomplished

CORE COMPETENCIES
Install domestic Installing domestic
refrigeration and air- refrigeration andHVC723337
air-
1.
conditioning conditioning
(DomRAC) units (DomRAC) units

2. Service and maintain Servicing and


domestic maintaining domestic
refrigeration and air- refrigeration andHVC723338
air-
conditioning conditioning
(DomRAC) units (DomRAC) units

3. Troubleshoot and Troubleshooting and


repair domestic repairing domestic
refrigeration and air- refrigeration andHVC723339
air-
conditioning conditioning
(DomRAC) systems (DomRAC) systems

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
Date Revised:
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Interpreting Developed by:
Technical Drawings Engr. Christian
and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
MODULE CONTENT

UNIT OF COMPETENCY: INTERPRET TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND


PLANS

MODULE TITLE: INTERPRETING TECHNICAL DRAWINGS AND


PLANS

MODULE DESCRIPTOR: This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes
in analyzing and interpreting symbols, data and work
plan based on the required performance standards.

NOMINAL DURATION: 4 hrs.

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:
1. Analyze signs, symbols and data

2. Interpret technical drawings and plans

3. Apply freehand sketching

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Analyze signs, symbols and data
1. Technical plans are obtained according to the job requirements.
2. Signs, symbols and data are identified according to job specifications.
3. Signs, symbols and data are determined according to classification or
as appropriate in drawing.
 Interpret technical drawings and plans
1. Necessary tools, materials and equipment are identified according to
the plan.
2. Supplies and materials are listed according to specifications.
3. Components, assemblies or objects are recognized as required.
4. Dimensions are identified as appropriate to the plan
5. Specification details are matched with existing/available resources in
line with job requirements

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
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Interpreting Developed by:
Technical Drawings Engr. Christian
and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
6. Work plan is drawn following the specifications
 Apply freehand sketching
1. Where applicable, correct freehand sketching is produced in
accordance with the job requirements.

LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 1


Analyze Symbols and Data
Contents:

• Blueprint reading and plan specifications (Electrical plan, symbols and abbreviations)
• Written communication skills
• Signs and symbols (electrical and mechanical)

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Technical plans are obtained according to job requirements.
2. Signs, symbols and data are identified according to job specifications.
3. Signs symbols and data are determined according to classification or
as appropriate in drawing.
Conditions:
Trainees must be provided with the ff:

 Learning Materials ( Blue-print, Drawing instruments and courseware)


 Electrical Signs and symbols chart(Refrigeration and Air-condition)

Assessment method:
 Direct Observation
 Questions/ Interview
 Written test related to required knowledge

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
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Interpreting Developed by:
Technical Drawings Engr. Christian
and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome 1
ANALYZE SIGNS, SYMBOLS AND DATA

Learning Activities Special Instructions


Read Information sheet 2.1-1
This learning outcome comprises the
ANSWER Self- Check 2.1-1 knowledge and skills on identifying
Compare your answers to answer key materials.
2.1-1
Read and understand the
information sheets and check
yourself by answering the self-
checks.

You must answer all the questions


correctly before proceedings to the
next activity.

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
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Interpreting Developed by:
Technical Drawings Engr. Christian
and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
Information Sheet 2.1-1

Electrical Symbols for Domestic Refrigeration and Air-condition

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

1. Familiarize electrical signs and symbols for domestic


refrigeration and air-condition.
2. Identify electrical signs and symbols for domestic
refrigeration and air-condition.
3. Interpret electrical signs and symbols for domestic
refrigeration and air-condition.

Electrical symbols are visual symbols that represents a


particular type of electrical component in electronic devices such
wires, batteries ect.. It is necessary for every technician to know
those symbols because it represents the circuit components
simplified and clean.

Name/Symbol Actual Image FUNCTIONS


 Sucks the
refrigerant
(Low
Pressure
Gas)
 Compress
the
Hermetic Compressor refrigerant
 Discharge
the
compressed
CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.
SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
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Interpreting Developed by:
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and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
refrigerant
 It is
responsible
for the
circulation of
the air inside
the room.
 It is also the
Fan Motor responsible
for the
cooling of
condenser
coil that
contains the
hot gas
refrigerant.
 It is a switch
that controls
the speed
level of the
fan motor
and
sometimes
the Air-swing
Rotary Switch motor.
 It is a
component
which senses
the
temperature
of a physical
system and
performs
Thermostat actions so
that the
system’s
temperature
is
maintained
near a
desired
setpoint.

 It is a
component
inside a
domestic
refrigerator

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Door Lamp that
illuminates
when the
door of the
unit is open.

 It is a
switching
device that is
in series with
the door
lamp which
Door Lamp Switch closes the
circuit when
the
refrigerator
door is open.

 It is a Single
Pole Single
Throw switch
that controls
the operation
of the air-
swing motor.
Air-swing Switch

 It is the
prime mover
of the louver
that
distributes
the air
Air Swing Motor around the
room evenly.

 It heats the
cooling
element
(evaporator
coil) of the
refrigerator
Defrost Heater unit for a
short period
of time and
melts the
frost that
CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.
SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
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Interpreting Developed by:
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and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
has formed
on it.

 Usually it is
the device
that controls
the defrost
heater. For
every 6, 8,
10, 12 or 24
hours of
compressor
operation, it
turns on a
Defrost Timer defrost
heater for 15
minutes to
half an hour.
 It is a
passive two-
terminal
electronic/
electrical
Dual Capacitor
component
that stores
electrical
energy in an
Single Capacitor electric field.

 It is a
starting
device for
fridge
compressors.
It is
responsible
for powering
the start
winding for a
PTC Relay brief moment
(Positive Temperature to assist the
Coefficient) compressor
motor during
the starting.

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
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and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
 It is
commonly
used for
single phase,
fractional
horsepower
motors
Current Relay requiring low
starting
torque. Just
like the PTC
relay, its
main
function is to
aid the
motor during
the starting.
 It is used to
help motors
in starting
w/ single-
phase
capacitor-
start/
capacitor-
Potential Relay
run motors,
(Voltage Relay) which need
relatively
high starting
torque.
 It is an
electrical
device that is
used for the
protection of
the
compressor.

Thermal Overload
Protector

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
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and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
Self-check of 2.1-1

Test I:
Multiple Choice: Choose the correct letter of that best describe the
statement. Write your answer in capital letter on your
answer sheet.

1. It is a passive two-terminal electronic/ electrical component


that stores electrical energy in an electric field.
A. Capacitor
B. Compressor
C. Overload Protector
D. Current Relay
2. It is an electrical device that is used for the protection of the
compressor.
A. Overload Protector
B. Compressor
C. Current Relay
D. Capacitor
3. It is commonly used for single phase, fractional horsepower
motors requiring low starting torque.
A. Current Relay
B. Compressor
C. Capacitor
D. Potential Relay
4. It is a switching device that for every 6, 8, 10, 12 or 24 hours
of compressor operation, it turns on a defrost heater for 15
minutes to half an hour.
A. Defrost Timer
B. Defrost Heater
C. Potential relay
D. Current relay

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
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and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
5. It is used to help motors in starting w/ single-phase capacitor-
start/ capacitor-run motors, which need relatively high
starting torque.
A. Potential Relay
B. Current Relay
C. PTC Relay
D. Message Relay
6. It is a switching device that is in series with the door lamp
which closes the circuit when the refrigerator door is open.
A. Air Swing Switch
B. Rotary Switch
C. Door Lamp Switch
D. Defrost Timer
7. This electrical component is also the responsible for the
cooling of condenser coil that contains the hot gas refrigerant.
A. Air Swing Motor
B. Overload Protector
C. Fan Motor
D. Compressor
8. This electrical component serves as the heart of the appliance
unit. It Sucks the refrigerant, compresses the refrigerant and
then discharges the compressed refrigerant.
A. Fan Motor
B. Air Swing motor
C. Hermetic Compressor
D. Condenser Coil
9. It is a component which senses the temperature of a physical
system and performs actions so that the system’s temperature
is maintained near a desired setpoint.
A. Rotary Switch
B. Defrost Heater
C. Thermostat
D. Condenser Coil
10. It is a switch that controls the speed level of the fan
motor and sometimes the Air-swing motor.
A. Thermostat
B. Condenser Coil
C. Rotary Switch

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
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D. Air-swing Switch

TEST II:

Matching Type: Match the images in Column A with the name of


materials in Column B. Write your answer in capital letter on your
answer sheet.

Column A Column B
1. A. Air-swing
Switch

2. B. Dual Capacitor

3. C. Defrost Heater

4. D. Thermostat

5. E. Current Relay

6. F. Fan Motor

7. G. PTC Relay

8. H. Air-swing Motor

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
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9. I. Hermetic
Compressor

10. J. Overload
Protector

K. Rotary Switch

Answers to Self-check of 2.1-1


Test I:
1. A.
2. A.
3. A.
4. A.
5. A.
6. C.
7. C.
8. C.
9. C.
10. C.

Test II:
1. F.
2. C.
3. B.
4. G.
5. J.
6. D.
7. E.
8. I.
9. H.
10. K.

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
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and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 2

Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans


Contents:

• Tools and equipment in HVAC/R


• Supplies and materials in HVAC and specifications
• How to interpret blueprint

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Necessary tools, materials and equipment are identified according to
the plan.
2. Supplies and materials are listed according to specifications.
3. Components, assemblies or objects are recognized as required.
4. Dimensions are identified as appropriate to the plan.
5. Specification details are matched with existing/available resources in
line with job requirements.
6. Work plan is drawn following the specifications.
Conditions:
Trainees must be provided with the ff:

 Learning Materials ( Blue-print, Drawing instruments and courseware

Assessment method:
 Direct Observation
 Questions/ Interview
 Written test related to required knowledge

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
Date Revised:
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Interpreting Developed by:
Technical Drawings Engr. Christian
and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome 2
Interpret Technical Drawings and Plans

Learning Activities Special Instructions


1.Read Information sheet 2.2-1
This learning outcome comprises the
2.ANSWER Self- Check 2.2-1 knowledge and skills on identifying
Compare your answers to answer key materials.
2.2-1
Read and understand the
information sheets 1.1-1 and check
yourself by answering the self- check
1.1-1. You must also do task Sheet
1.1-1, 1.1-2 & 1.1-3 and job sheet
1.1-1 and Evaluate performance
using Performance Criteria
Checklist.
You must answer all the questions
correctly before proceedings to the
next activity.

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


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December 2018 Issued by:
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and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
Information Sheet 2.2-1
Basic Electrical Wiring Connections
Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

1. Analyze the all the basic electrical wiring connections.


2. Interpret all the basic electrical wiring connections.

The fundamental knowledge and skills of the basic electrical


wiring connection always work as a strong foundation for
technically sound experience. The basic wiring connection thus
helps a learner to gain understanding of the basic components and
wiring characteristics while it is in operation.

Series Wiring Connection

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 Only one current path.
 END (E) terminal of lamp A and BEGINNING (B) terminal of
lamp B are joint together
 Total Resistance RT = R1 + R2 + rn...........
 Voltage at the source (ET) is equal to the summation of voltage
at lamp A and Lamp B respectively.
Where, ET = ElampA + ElampB
 Current at the source (IT) is the same to the current that flows
in every parameter in the circuit.
Where, IT = IlampA = IlampB

Parallel Wiring Connection

 BEGINNING (B) terminal of lamp A and B are connected


together.
 END (E) terminal of lamp A and B are connected together.
1
R lampA x RlampB RT =
 Total Resistance RT = R + R and 1 1 1 1
+ + +
lampA lampB
R 1 R 2 R 3 Rn
 Voltage at the source (VT) is equal to the voltage in every
parameter of the circuit.
Where, ET = ElampA = ElampB = ElampN
 Current at the source (IT) is equal to summation of all the
currents that flows in every parameter of the circuit.
Where, IT = IlampA + IlampB + IlampN

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


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Series-Parallel Wiring Connection

 It is a combination of series and parallel circuit.


 The voltage at the source (VT) is equal to the sum of the
voltages across lamp A and the parallel combination of lamps
B and C respectively.
Where, ET = ElampA + ElampB&C

lampB lampCR xR
 Total Resistance RT =Rlamp A + R + R
lampB lampC

 Current at the source (IT) is equal to the current that flows in


lamp A and the summation of current that flows in the parallel
combination lamp B and lamp C.
Where, IT = IlampA = IlampB + IlampC

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Schematic Diagram
It is a representation of the elements in a system using
abstract, graphic symbols rather than realistic pictures. A
schematic usually omits all details that are not relevant to the
information. The schematic is intended to convey, and may add
unrealistic elements that aid comprehension.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Pictorial Diagram
The simplest of all diagrams is the pictorial diagram. It shows
a picture or sketch of the various components of a specific system
and the wiring between these components. This simplified diagram
provides the means to readily identify the components of a system,
even if you are not familiar with their physical appearance. This
type of diagram shows the various components without regard to
their physical location, how the wiring is marked, or how the wiring
is routed. It does, however, show you the sequence in which the
components are connected.
CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.
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December 2018 Issued by:
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The following figure represents a pictorial diagram for a
parallel schematic diagram of three lamps controlled by individual
switches connected to a source by means of a battery.

Self-check of 2.2-1
Test I:
Direction: Draw the schematic diagram what is stated on the problems
below.
1. A series wiring connection of a 2 lamps controlled by 1 switch that
is connected to a battery.
2. A parallel wiring connection of two lamps that are individually
controlled by a switch that is connected to a battery.
3. A series-parallel wiring connection of 3 lamps that is controlled by
a single switch and connected to a battery; lamp A is connected to
a parallel combination of lamp B and C.

Test II:
Direction: Draw the pictorial diagram on what is stated on the problems
below.
1. A series wiring connection of a 2 lamps controlled by 1 switch that
is connected to a battery.
2. A parallel wiring connection of two lamps that are individually
controlled by a switch that is connected to a battery.
3. A series-parallel wiring connection of 3 lamps that is controlled by
a single switch and connected to a battery; lamp A is connected to
a parallel combination of lamp B and C.

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


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December 2018 Issued by:
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Information Sheet 2.2-2
Electrical Plan

Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

1. Read and analyze electrical plan.


2. Interpret all the symbols and data in an electrical plan.

The electrical plan is sometimes called as electrical drawing or wiring


diagram. It is a type of technical drawing that delivers visual representation and
describes circuits and electrical systems. It consists of symbols and lines that
showcase the engineer's electrical design to its clients. In short, an electrical plan
describes the position of all the electrical apparatus.

An electrical drawing may include all of these essential details described below:

 Interconnection of electrical wires and other parts of the system


 Connection of different components and fixtures to the system
 Power lines with details such as size, voltage, rating, and capacity
 Power transformers and also their winding connections
 The main switches, tiebreaker, and fused switches
 Other essential equipment such as solar panels, batteries, generators, air
conditioning, and so on.

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Basic Electrical Plan
Image Source: cadpro.com

Purposes and Benefits of Electrical Plan

Purposes of Electrical Plan


Why is there a need to have an electrical plan or drawing? You must be
thinking why to splurge on a precise electrical plan. The purposes of an electrical
plan are as follows:

 These drawings are vital for documenting, communicating information, and


troubleshooting your power systems on-site.
 Accurate and updated drawings keep your building in compliance with all
the code regulations.
 A plan encompasses all aspects. It focuses on areas such as lighting,
electronics, appliances, etc.
 It also considers the structure of the building. For example, if a building has
railings, stairs, or any other components, modifications will be made
accordingly.
 It is a thorough planning tool because it gives an in-depth view of your
building's electrical and wiring system.
 It helps to distribute power to various appliances and equipment through
accurate operation and installation of elements.

Benefits of Electrical Plan


 A plan highlights all the potential risks to make amendments quickly before
the occurrence of any substantial damage.
 It helps to ensure that your system runs safely, efficiently, and smoothly.

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 An electrical plan saves time by avoiding delays and problems. A draft pin-
points everything to prevent hazardous situations; thereby, it helps
professionals to complete their work on time.
 It also saves money because nobody feels like spending more money than
they already have. A draft includes all the details like wire's length, type of
cables, and other parts you will need to complete your project. Thus, you
do not have to spend a considerable amount of money on unnecessary
things.
 An electrical plan prevents injury because it pinpoints all the building's
anticipated areas that may harm a technician.

How to Draft an Electrical Plan?


An excellent electric plan significantly adds aesthetic and comfort in a
building. Your drawing must include types of fixtures, locations, cables, switches,
and hardwired appliances. However, an electrical plan may look scary and
complicated, but they are not. These are pointers you should remember while
drafting an electric plan.

Step 1: Know Your Layout


Either use a software or a graph paper and make a scale drawing of the
different rooms. Make sure to include features such as cabinets, counters, stove,
bed, and other various symbols.

Step 2: Plan it in Advance


After finalizing your layout, focus on your electrical plan. The wirings go
through the ceilings, walls, and floor before they are plastered, laid out, and fixed.

Step 3: Use Interior Layout as Your Starting Point


Around your exits and entries, place your fan, AC switches, and light. Now,
place your electrical outlets near the counters and tables. Then, decide where to
put your big appliances like TV, computer, washing machine, printer, etc.

When making an electrical plan, ask yourself some questions:

 Do I place switches at a convenient location?


 Is the electrical load on all the circuit alright?
 Do I place enough easy-to-reach receptacles?

Step 4: Walk Through Your Plan

Once you are finished with your layout, print it out, and walk through your home
while holding it. Since there are no walls and electricity, the arrangement can be
easily changed; therefore, imagine that you are turning on and plugging in
appliances. This will enable you to put switches and outlets in the best places.

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
Date Revised:
(DomRAC) NC II
Interpreting Developed by:
Technical Drawings Engr. Christian
and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01
Self-check of 2.2-2
Test I:
Direction: Draw an electrical plan by following the procedure above. The
plan should consist:
1. 4 Branch circuits
 1 for lighting outlet
 1 for Convenience outlet
 1 Air-con outlet
 Laundry power outlet
2. Legend

CBLM on RAC Date Developed: Document No.


SERVICING
December 2018 Issued by:
Date Revised:
(DomRAC) NC II
Interpreting Developed by:
Technical Drawings Engr. Christian
and Plans Greg G. Altar Revision # 01

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