Data in brief 28 (2020) 104990

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Data in brief
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib

Data Article

Formulation of experimental data based model

for solid-liquid mass transfer enhancement in
three phase fluidized bed using nanofluid
Vaishali Pendse a, Bidyut Mazumdar a, *, H. Kumar b
a
National Institute of Technology, Raipur, C.G., India
b
Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur, C.G., India

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t

Article history: This experimental data based model in three phase fluidized bed
Received 27 November 2019 was designed to enhance the solid-liquid mass transfer. This data
Received in revised form 5 December 2019 focuses on mass transfer enhancement using nanomaterial. In
Accepted 5 December 2019
present investigation benzoic acid-water-air system was used as
Available online 12 December 2019
three phases ie solid, liquid and gas respectively with Arachitol
nano as nanomaterial in different volume percent in three phase
Keywords:
fluidized bed. Data from experiment were collected by varying gas
Three phase fluidization
Nanomaterial velocity, bed height, nanomaterial percentage and time. After a
Solid liquid mass transfer coefficient convenient selection various correlation have been derived. The
Reynolds number based on gas phase data presented here is the full set of experimental value and co-
efficients and exponents in correlation were estimated from
nonlinear optimization technique in MATLAB.
© 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article
under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/
licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

1. Data description

Several models for solid liquid mass transfer in three phase fluidized bed have been proposed but to
check the validity and usefulness of these models without reliable experimental data to compare with
calculation is a difficult task. if general trends can be considered to be reasonably consolidated a
definitive estimation of mass transfer coefficient is still not possible. Recently Rajendra P. Ugwekar et al.

* Corresponding author. Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT, Raipur, C.G., India.

E-mail address: bmazumdar.che@nitrr.ac.in (B. Mazumdar).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.104990
2352-3409/© 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
2 V. Pendse et al. / Data in brief 28 (2020) 104990

Specifications table

Subject Chemical Engineering

Specific subject area
Type of data
How data were acquired
Data format
Parameters for data collection
Description of data collection
Data source location
Data accessibility
Three phase fluidized bed
Table, graphs
Experimental data on three phase fluidized bed setup nonlinear optimization technique
in MATLAB
Raw
Analysed by nonlinear optimization technique in MATLAB
Sample consists benzoic acid in water with and without nanomaterial has taken at
varying gas velocity, bed height, volume percent of nanomaterial, time
To check solid liquid mass transfer enhancement in presence of nanomaterial in three
phase fluidized bed samples were taken at varying parameters and data were calculated
for mass transfer coefficient, Sherwood number, Reynold number, Schmidt number
Raipur Institute of Technology, Raipur (C.G.), India
Data is included with this article

Value of the Data

This data examines the rate of mass transfer in three phase fluidized bed in presence of nanomaterial.

This data can provide guidance to check mass transfer coefficient with other nanomaterials.

This data describes the effect of parameters which affect the fluidization property so can provide help to study similar type
of operations.

Deviation seen in experimental value and correlation Model developed using MATLAB, correlations can be developed
using other techniques.

(2016) proposed the mass transfer enhancement technique by using Zinc oxide nanomaterial in liquid-
liquid extraction. It was shown with experiments that enhancement in mass transfer with increase
amount of nanofluid [1]. L. Saeednia et al. (2015) examined the effect of nanomaterials on mass transfer
coefficient in absorption process and found that nanofluid increases the mass transfer coefficient up to
78% [2].
In this work we applied the above concept to the measurement of mass transfer coefficient in three
phase fluidized bed. We used Arachitol nano as nanomaterial spread over a bed of benzoic acid pellet in
different volume percentage. Sample were taken in presence and absence of nanomaterial at varying
operating conditions were shown in Table 1.
Table 2 in supplementary data shows experimental and calculated values of Sherwood number
(Shexp and Shcal) and also shows the influence of operating parameters on mass transfer coefficient (K).

2. Experimental design, materials, and methods

The experiment was conducted using benzoic acid pellets as solid in stagnant liquid column with
gas as a continuous phase in fluidized bed column. Arachitol nano is nanoparticles of Vit.D3, which is
commercially available as (NDDS) novel drug delivery system [3,4] with a specific dosage was fed to the
column and fully dispersed on the solid bed before liquid is charged into the column. Different sets for
fixed size of benzoic acid pellets with varying operating conditions shown in Table 1 were used. By
maintaining the gas phase flow rates constant for 15 min in stagnant liquid column by keeping the
other parameters as constant, sample was collected from the top of column and analysed by volumetric
titration method. The air flows were stopped at the end of the run and water was drained from the
column in few sec. then all the solid pellets were removed from the test column and kept in desiccator
and weighed. The weight of the solid pellets which was actually lost, was measured and calculation for
mass transfer coefficient were done [5].
 V. Pendse et al. / Data in brief 28 (2020) 104990 3

Table 1
List of operating parameters with range.

S.No Parameters Symbols Ranges

1 Liquid velocity (m/s) Vl 0.031

2 Gas velocity (m/s) Vg 0.01, 0.015, 0.020, 0.026
3 Bed height (m) H 0.03, 0.05, 0.07
4 Benzoic acid Pellet size (diameter *height) (m*m) PS 0.004*0.006
5 Reynolds number based on gas phase Reg 57.8, 86.71, 115.6, 150.3
6 Particle Reynolds number based on gas phase Reg’ 1.2, 1.9, 2.6, 3.3
7 Volume of nanomaterial (ml) Vn 3, 5, 7
8 Volume percent of Arachitol nano (%) %Vn 0.078, 0.13, 0.18
9 Time (min) t 15, 30, 45, 60

2.1. Correlation of experimental data

In three phase fluidized bed when liquid column is stagnant, mass transfer coefficient (K) is strongly
influenced by the velocity of gas and eddies, so K can be represented by

a
Kf Reg ðScÞb : (1)

Where Sc and Reg are Schmidt and Reynolds number based on gas phase respectively. Since solid liquid
contact occurs through gas bubbles [6] and transfer of mass of solid into liquid depends also on the size
of particles in three phase fluidized beds, the Reynolds number can be replaced by particle Reynolds
number based on gas phase as
 
0 a
Kf Reg ðScÞb (2)

Sherwood number (Sh) can be defined as K*dp/Dab where dp is diameter of particle and Dab is the
diffusivity.
Sherwood number can also be represented in terms of Schmidt number (Sc) and Reynolds number
(Reg)/particle Reynold number (Reg’) based on gas velocity.

a
Sh ¼ n Reg ðScÞb (3)

0
 
0 a
Sh ¼ n Reg ðScÞb (4)

where n, a and b are correlation constant and exponents which were estimated from nonlinear opti-
mization technique in MATLAB.
Tables 3 and 4 show the regression value of mathematical model (R2) which denotes the satisfactory
fit between Shcal/Sc vs Reg and Shcal’/Sc vs Reg’ respectively for different bed heights. The values of
correlation constant and exponents for different bed heights and different nano fraction in each bed
height, for Reg and Reg’ respectively, also shown in the tables. The value of exponent b has constant
value for all range of varying parameters. Based on these, the equations (3) and (4) can be reduced into
equations (5) and (6) respectively.

ln Shcal =Sc ¼ ln n þ a ln Reg ; (5)

0
ln Shcal =Sc ¼ ln n þ a ln Reg : (6)
4 V. Pendse et al. / Data in brief 28 (2020) 104990

Table 3
Values of correlation parameters and regression constant based on Reynolds number.

Vn PS H n a b R2

0 0.4 3 0.7505 0.2706 1 0.96

3 0.4 3 0.803 0.2198 1 0.96
5 0.4 3 0.8123 0.2152 1 0.96
7 0.4 3 0.8522 0.1743 1 0.96
0 0.4 5 0.7305 0.3178 1 0.94
3 0.4 5 0.8038 0.2286 1 0.94
5 0.4 5 0.8454 0.1809 1 0.94
7 0.4 5 0.861 0.162 1 0.94
0 0.4 7 0.7641 0.2877 1 0.93
3 0.4 7 0.8394 0.2056 1 0.93
5 0.4 7 0.8613 0.2029 1 0.93
7 0.4 7 0.9056 0.1509 1 0.93

In addition a deviation has been defined for each calculated value of the parameters of the various
dimensionless groups [7].
Prob (r0-Dr < r < r0þD r) ¼ 0.95where r0 is the estimated value of r exponent and constant (n, a) and
Dr the deviation on r. The corresponding equations are with the following values of deviations in Table
5 for the whole range of volume of Arachitol nano

Shcal =Sc ¼ 0:783Reg 0:0018 (7)

0 0
0:0847
Shcal =Sc ¼ 0:7695Reg (8)

Shcal =Sc ¼ 0:7316Reg 0:0022 (9)

0 0
Shcal =Sc ¼ 0:7421Reg 0:0969 (10)

Shcal =Sc ¼ 0:744Reg 0:0023 (11)

Table 4
Values of correlation parameters and regression constant based on particle Reynolds number.

Vn PS H n a b R2

0 0.4 3 0.22 0.304 1 0.95

3 0.4 3 0.3251 0.2336 1 0.95
5 0.4 3 0.3335 0.229 1 0.95
7 0.4 3 0.413 0.1868 1 0.95
0 0.4 5 0.3184 0.3368 1 0.95
3 0.4 5 0.3122 0.244 1 0.95
5 0.4 5 0.3982 0.1941 1 0.95
7 0.4 5 0.4367 0.1748 1 0.95
0 0.4 7 0.2347 0.305 1 0.95
3 0.4 7 0.3589 0.2193 1 0.95
5 0.4 7 0.3712 0.2171 1 0.95
7 0.4 7 0.4821 0.1624 1 0.95
 V. Pendse et al. / Data in brief 28 (2020) 104990 5

Table 5
Deviation values for coefficient and exponent in equations.

Equation no Based on Bed Height Dn Da

7 Reg 3 0.193 0.1172
8 Reg’ 3 1017 0.0963
9 Reg 5 0.1183 0.162
10 Reg’ 5 0.1305 0.1558
11 Reg 7 0.2474 0.1426
12 Reg’ 7 0.1415 0.1368

0 0
0:0925
Shcal =Sc ¼ 0:7789Reg (12)

It can be seen that the differences between the values of n and a are in equations are less important
than the deviations so unique equation can conveniently represent all the mass transfer data on the
whole range of nano fractions and bed heights

Shcal =Sc ¼ 0:753Reg 0:0021 (13)

Dn ¼ 0:2621 Da ¼ 0:174

0 0
Shcal =Sc ¼ 0:7635Reg 0:0914 (14)

Dn ¼ 0:1751 Da ¼ 0:1669

For the following range of dimensionless variables

57.8 < Reg < 150.31
1.2 < Reg’ < 3.34
532 < Sc < 981
Figs. 1 and 2 represent the proposed correlations for overall range of bed heights and volume
percent of Arachitol nano based on Reynolds number and particle Reynolds number respectively. The
regression constant obtained were 95.6% and 95.8% show satisfactory fit between Shcal/Sc vs Reg and
Shcal’/Sc vs Reg’ respectively for overall range of parameters.

10
R² = 0.956
Shcal/Sc

0.1
10 100 1000
Reg
Fig. 1. Shcal/Sc vs Reg.
6 V. Pendse et al. / Data in brief 28 (2020) 104990

10
R² = 0.958

Shcal'/Sc
1

0.1
1 10
Re g'
Fig. 2. Sh’cal/Sc vs Re’g.

Table 6
Deviation values in percentage.

Bed height 3 3 5 5 7 7 For all For all

s% 15.4 17 15.9 15.9 11 0.6 13 11

A comparison among correlations has been achieved by calculating a quadratic criterion of devia-
tion (s2 Þ derived by the following formula [7] and Table 6 shows deviation for individual experimental
value with model value for all bed height range.

n  
1 X Shcal  Shexp 2
s2 ¼ (15)
N i¼1 Shexp

Appendix A. Supplementary data

Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.104990.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relation-
ships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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